Maheegun-My-BrotherPPT课件

Lesson2MaheegunMyBrotherbyEricAclandAboutwolfManyoftheprevailingstoriesdepictwolvesinanegativeway.In fiction,thewolfissometimesrepresentedasanevilcarnivorewhichpreysonsmallchildrenandlivestock.Whilewolvesdosometimespreyonlivestock,theyareresponsibleforaverysmallpercentageofthelivestockdeathsinNorthAmerica. Attacksbyhealthywildwolvesonhumansisalmostunheardof,andtherehasneverbeenafatalattackonahumanbyahealthywildwolfinNorthAmerica. Thoseattacksthatdotakeplacemightinvolveanunhealthywolf,orahumanwhoissomehowincitingthewolftoactionorimpinginguponthewolf'sterritory.Othercultureshavebetterviewsofthewolf. InRomanmythology,thegodMarsconsideredthewolfasacredanimal,andthefoundersofRomewereraisedbyawolf.NativeAmericansalsoholdthewolfinhighregardandbelievethatwolvescarrycharacteristicsthathumansshouldalsofindimportant,suchasstrongfamilystructureandteachingtheyoung. EasternEuropeansoftenviewedwolvesasprotectorsoftheharvest.ThepeopleunderneaththewolfareRomulusandRemus,thefoundersofRome.Legendhasitthattheywereorphans,raisedbyashe-wolf,andthenRomuluskilledRemusandthenfoundedRome.TherearestatuesofthiskindeverywhereinRome.Thereseemstobeverylittleinthewayofa'middleground'aboutwolves. Theywillprobablyalwaysbebothreveredandhated. However,Astimepassesandeducationeffortscontinue,theseperceptionsseemtobechangingtoamorerealisticviewofthewolfasavitalpartofabalancedecosystem.http://kindred.spirits.itgo.com/educate.htmlWolfphrasescrywolfalonewolfwolfinsheep'sclothinghave/holdawolfbytheearshaveawolfinthestomachkeepthewolffromthedoorseeawolfwolf-whistlewakeasleepingwolfsetthewolftokeepthesheepHewhokeepscompanywithawolfwilllearntohowl.Onemusthowlwiththewolves.Maheegun‘Maheegun’isthenameofthewolfinthetext.Theword,originallyas‘mahikan’comesfromaCreedialectcalledthePlainsCreeandsimplymeans‘wolf’.CreeisanativeAmericanpeople,anIndianpeopleinhabitingalargeareafromeasternCanadawesttoAlbertaandtheGreatSlaveLake.http://www.sicc.sk.ca/heritage/sils/ourlanguages/StructureofthetextPartI(Para.1-3):IntroductionPartII(Para.4-17):thehappydaystheboyandMaheegunhadtogetherandhowMaheegunreturnedtothewildwherehebelongedPartIII(Para.18-40):thereunionofthetwowhentheboy’slifewasendangeredbytwohungrywolvesPartIV(Para.41-44):Thebrothersreturnedtotheplacewheretheyeachbelonged–theboytohiswarmhome,thewolftohiskindinthewild.ThestorybeginsinSpringandendsinearlyspring,inthenormalsequenceofNature.Para.1TheyearIfoundMaheegun,springwaslateincoming.IntheyearwhenIfoundMaheegun,thespringwasunusuallycold.NounphraseasadverbialThemomentIsawher,Ilikedthislittlegirl.Nexttimeyougiveapresentation,youshouldtrytohavesomeeyecontactswithyouraudience.Para.2Igotthefirstfewdropsofwarmmilkinhim.Ifedthewolfcubbygettingthemilkintohismouthprobablybyaspoonoreyedropper.Para.5Notthatwedidn’thaveourtroubles.AlthoughIsaythattheyearIgotMaheegunwasthehappiestyearofmylife,Idonotmeanthathenevercausedtroubles.ThissemesterIchooseDrMartin’scourse.Notthatheisaneasy-goingteacher.Para.8ItallservedtofogmymindwithpleasuresothatIforgotmyGrandpa’srepeatedwarnings,andonenightleftMaheegununchained.Whatdoes“it”referto?AlthoughGrandpahadwarnedmetochainMaheegunatnight,thehappinessthatIhadenjoyedwithMaheegunslackenedmyalertnessandmademeforgettochainhimonenight.ThefollowingmorninginsailedMrs.Yesno,wildwithanger,whodemandedMaheegunbeshotbecausehehadkilledherrooster.Thenextmorning,Mrs.YesnocameinfuriouslyanddemandedthatMaheegunshouldbekilledbecausehehadkilledherrooster.Wildwithsth.:showingstronguncontrolledfeelingsSailin:beginsth.withenergyandconfidenceSailintosb.:scold,attackPara.11Onthetopwastheclearoutlineofagreatwolfsittingstill,earspointed,alert,listening.Onthetopoftherock,theshapeoftheagreatwolfcanbeseenclearlywiththemoonlight.Hewassittingwithoutmovingandhisearswereraised.Itseemedthatheislisteningtosomething.Para.17Itriedtotellmyselfitwasallforthebest,butitwashardtolosemybrother.(all)forthebest:bestforthelongrunalthoughsth.appearsbadorunpleasantHisparentsdidn’twanthimtoworkinLondon,buttheyknewitwasperhapsforthebest.EasterEasterisareligiousfestivalcelebratingtheresurrectionofChristobservedonthefirstSundayafterafullmoononoraftertheSpringEquinox.TheEasterBunnyandtheEasterEggaretwoitemsinthefolkcustomsforEastercelebration.Possiblyitisbecausebothofthemareregardedasemblemsoffertility.http://www.holidays.net/easter/index.htmPara.22AmiledowntheroadIslippedintomysnowshoesandturnedintothebush.Afterwalkingamilealongtheroad,Idecidedtotakeashortcutthroughthebush.SoIquicklyputonmysnowshoes,lefttheroadandmovedintothebush.Slipinto/outof:toputon/takeoffquicklyPara.23Bythenthesnowhadmadeablanketofwhitedarkness,butIknewonlytoowellthereshouldhavebeennocreekthere.BythenitwassnowingheavilyandtheskywasthickwithbigsnowflakesthatIcouldn’tseethroughthem.Howevertherewasonethingforcertain(Iknewitverywellthat):Imusthavegotlost,fortherewasnocreekwhereIshouldhavemovedto.Para.24Itriedtotravelwestbutonlytohitthecreekagain.Itriedtomovetowardswestbutonlyfoundmyselfcomebacktothecreekagain.Onlytodosth.:usuallyusedtodescribedasurprisingordisappointingresultHit:tocomeuponordiscover,especiallybychanceWefinallyhittherightexit.Para.30Thehowlseemedtofreezetheworldwithfear.Thelongloudcryseemedtohavestruckterrorintoeverylivingcreature,andtheysuddenlybecamestill.Para.36Thecoldandlossofbloodweretakingtheirtoll.TheweatherwasverycoldandIhadlostalotofblood,soasaresultofthese,Iwassickandweak.Takeits/their/aheavytollonsb./sth.:tohaveanegativeeffectonsb./sth.Smokinghastakenitstollonhishealth.Para.41Itwasquitesometimebeforemyeyescameintofocusenoughtoseemygrandfathersittingbymybed.Itookquitesometimeformyeyestoadjustthemselvestobeabletoseeclearlymygrandfathersittingbymybed.Tosee:adverbialofresultTheword“by”(P.39)in(to)focus焦点对准;清楚的,明白的Theimageisinfocus.Hisexplanationbroughtthemeaningoftheeventintofocus.Shealwayswantstobethefocusofattention.Manyfirmsarefocusingonincreasingtheirmarketsoverseas.Writingtechnique:wolf’showlhowlrumblesnarlwhimper狼、狗、狐狸的嚎叫，常指夜间嗥叫隆隆的响声露齿而吠，嗥叫动物的悲嗥声，唔咽Writingtechniques:simile&metaphorSimileisafigureofspeechthatexpressesaresemblancebetweenthingsofdifferentkinds(usuallyformedwith`like'or`as').Metaphorisafigureofspeechinwhichanexpressionisusedtorefertosomethingthatitdoesnotliterallydenoteinordertosuggestasimilarity.ExamplesfromthetextgrasshoppersthatleapedaboutlikelittlerocketsIwasasbusyasasquirrelstoringnutsforthewinter.Initsplacewasahandsomeblackmantle.ablanketofwhitedarknessMoreclichéexamples(P43)Writingtechnique:inversionExamplesfromthetext:Gonewasthepuppy-woolcoat.Initsplacewasahandsomeblackmantle.InsailedMrs.Yesno.Onthetopwastheclearoutlineofagreatwolfsittingstill..There,about50feetaway,crouchedmytwoattackers…Therestoodagiantblackwolf.Moreexamples:Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.go,come,stand,be,the“therebe”constructionTopicsfordiscussionsWhatrolesdoyouthinkwildanimalsplayinnature?Doyouhaveasimilarandtouchingstorybetweenmanand(wild)animalstosharewithus?QuestionstobeconsideredWhatkindofrelationshipdoyouthinkshouldbeholdbetweenhumanbeingsandanimals?Equal?Peaceful?Dowehavesucharelationship?Orcanwe?Dowhalesdeservetobetorturedbecausetheirfinscanprovidenutritiontohumanbeings?Dowolves,tigers,orevenwildboarsdeservetobekilledbecausetheyaredangeroustohumanbeings?Doeseveryspecieshaveequalrightofexistenceonthisplanet?Thenhowaboutotherlifeformssuchasplants?Thenhowaboutgermsandviruses?Howcanyoudecidewhethergettingridofalifeformisgoodorbadforhumanbeingsinthelongrun?Ifthereshouldbeanequalrelationshipbetweenhumanbeingsandotherlifeforms,thentheperspective‘goodforotherlifeforms’shouldenjoyequalimportancewith‘goodforhumanbeings’,shouldn’tit?Suchquestionsaretheconcernsofresearchersof,amongotherdisciplines,environmentalethics.Thankyou!