高中英语人教版选修8Unit2CloningLanguagepoints课件(系列一)

Unit2Cloning人教版选修八Period2Languagepoints1.Thinkabouthowtheydiffer.differvi.different,difference常见的结构有：differfrom...与……不同differin…在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/oversth.与某人在某事上意见不同【典型例题】ThoughtsofOriental(东方人)differmuch____westernersinanumberofways.betweenB.betweenthoseC.fromD.fromthoseof【点拨】此处应该用指代的词，结构和thoughtsof一样，但用those代替。用适当的介词填空。1)I’msorrytodiffer____you_______thematter.2)Thecustomsherediffer____thoseofthesouth.3)Thetwogirlsdiffer__language.4)Therearemanydifferences________livinginthecityandlivinginthecountryside.fromon/overfrominbetween2.Itisadifficulttasktoundertake.undertakevt.观察示例:Theprocedureisdifficulttoundertake,ofcourse.当然,这个过程很难实施。Thescientistundertakestheexperiment.科学家从事这项实验。Icanundertaketheresponsibilityforthechanges.我愿意承担这些变革的责任。Thelawyerundertookanewcase.那个律师接了一个新的案子。undertake是________,主要有两个义项:着手做,从事,进行;担任,承担,答应,同意。归纳拓展：及物动词完成下列句子。1)Hewill__________________nextmonth(去旅行).2)He____________________(承担一项新任务).undertooktasknewaaundertakejourney3.…,Dolly’sappearanceraisedastormofobjections…objectv.不赞成,反对n.物品,目标[派生词]objectionn.不赞成,反对[常用搭配]objecttosth./doingsth.反对(做)某事objecttosb.反对某人objectthat…反对……have/take/makeanobjectionto(doing)sth.对…… 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示反对raiseanobjectionto(doing)sth.对……提出异议归纳拓展：object作不及物动词时后接介词___或_______;作及物动词时可接____引导的从句。objection与have,take,feel等连用构成词组：haveobjectiontotakeobjectiontofeelobjectiontotoagainstthat句型转换。1)Haveyouanyobjectiontomyopeningthewindow?=Wouldyou________myopeningthewindow?objectto2)takeobjectiontosmoking.=I________smoking.3)“Butheistooyoung,”sheargued.=She________thathewastooyoung.objecttoobjected4.Althoughatpresenthumaneggcellsandembryosneededforcloningresearcharedifficulttoobtain,…obtainvt.观察示例:Meanwhileyouwillobtainalotofinformation.同时你将获得大量的知识。Sheobtainedherdoctor’sdegreein1996.她1996年获得博士学位。Thebookscanbeobtainedfromthelibrary.这些 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 可以在图书馆里取得。Hisachievementobtainedhimgreatfame.他的成就使得他获得很大的名声。obtain指通过努力从特定的地方获得非常想要的东西。get指得到的东西不一定跟努力、意志有关。gain指通过努力取得对自己有益或有价值的东西。obtain,get&gain将下列句子译成汉语。1)Shehasobtainedadrivinglicence._________________________2)HeobtainedentrancetoBeijingUniversity.___________________________她已经取得了驾驶执照。他获得了北京大学的入学资格。5.Somebegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsandforbaderesearchintohumancloning,…forbidvt.[词义]vt.(tocommandsomeonenottodosomething)禁止,不准[反义词]allow允许,准许[常用搭配]forbidsth./doingsth.禁止(做)某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbidthat…禁止……allowsth./doingsth.允许(做)某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事[词语辩析]forbid,ban,prohibit都含“禁止”的意思,具体区别如下:1)forbid是常用词,指“命令某人不做某事”,禁止,不准,不许。如：Thedoctorforbidshimtosmoke.医生禁止他吸烟。Smokingisforbiddenintheconcerthall.演奏厅内不准吸烟。2)ban语气较重，指权威机关“正式禁止”,(法律上)禁止,含“严厉谴责”之意,只能用事物作其宾语,如:Banatomicandnuclearweapons!禁止原子武器和核武器!3)prohibit指“通过法律或政府法令”,如:Thesoldierswereprohibitedfromleavingcampafterdark.天黑后士兵不准离开营房。[注意事项]1)forbid后不能直接跟__________作宾语,而是跟_______作宾语,但是可以跟不定式作__________(forbidsb.todosth.),类似的动词还有:allow,permit,advise等。动词不定式动名词宾语补足语2)forbid后接that引导的从句时,从句的谓语动词应该用_________,即________________,should可以省略。[原文再现]Somebegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsandforbaderesearchintohumancloning.虚拟语气should+动词原形根据汉语提示完成句子。1)He___________________(禁止员工吸烟)duringofficehours.2)Manyparents________________________________(禁止他们的孩子独自外出)atnight.3)Marriage_____________(被禁止)duringcollegetimeinthepast.forbidsstafftosmokeforbidtheirchildrentogooutalonewasforbidden6.…butothercountrieslikeChinaandtheUK,continuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.accumulatevt.积累，积聚e.g.Heaccumulatedfortunebyhardwork.他因努力工作而积蓄了一笔财富。Thepurposeofeducationisnotjustaccumulatinginformation.教育的目的不仅仅是积累知识。vi.积聚e.g.Dustaccumulatedduringmyabsence.我不在期间灰尘积聚了起来。归纳拓展：accumulate可作及物动词和不及物动词，表示:收集,聚集,堆积。accumulationn.积聚如:theaccumulationofknowledge知识的积聚[考例]Clinicalevidencebeganto_____,suggestingthatthenewdrugshadawiderrangeofusefulactivitiesthanhadbeenpredictedfromexperimentsinanimals.A.operateB.strengthenC.approveD.accumulateD[点拨]越来越多的临床证据表明，这些新药的用途比以往在动物身上做实验所预测到的更广泛。operate操作，运转；strengthen加强；approve批准，赞成。完成下列句子。1)Hequickly______________________(积蓄了一大笔财富).2)Cloudsbeganto___________________(在天空中聚集).largeinaccumulatedfortuneaccumulateskythe1.Butatlastthedeterminationandpatienceofscientistspaidoffin1996withabreakthrough.payoff得到好结果;取得成功;付清[观察]阅读下列句子，观察payoff在句中的意思。1.Thehouseisfinishedatlast.Alltheirhardworkhaspaidoff.2.Ittookthemthreeyearstopayoffthedebt.[归纳]payoff作不及物短语动词，意为“______________________”（句1）；作及物短语动词，意为“______”（句2）。得到好结果，取得成功偿清[词语联想]pay(sb.)backsth.还(某人)某物paysb.backforsth.因……而报复/惩罚某人payforsth.付……的钱；为……付出代价payout为某事而付出大笔款项payup付清[注意事项]payoff当“(努力、辛苦)得到好结果；(事业、 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 )成功”讲时，为不及物动词短语，用主动语态。用pay相关短评的适当形式完成句子。1)I’ll___________(还你钱)nextmonth.2)Youmust______(为……付出代价)yourrudewords.3)_________________(他努力没有白费)whenthemanageracceptedhisproposal.4)She____200yuan___(付……的钱)Tom’sbike.forpayyoubackpayforHiseffortspaidoffpaid2.CloningScientistswerecastdowntofindthatDolly’sillnessesweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.研究克隆的科学家发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上，这让他们很沮丧。castdown使沮丧e.g.Don’tbesocastdown.Justkeepupyourspirits.不要这么沮丧,打起精神来！归纳拓展：castdown毁掉；使沮丧castaway丢弃castoff放弃；丢弃castout赶走将下列句子译成英语。1)听到这个消息他很沮丧。______________________________2)发现事情的真相使他很沮丧。________________________________________________________Hewascastdowntohearthenews.Findingoutthetruthmadehimcastdown.3.Isitinfavourofcloningoragainstit?infavourof赞成；支持e.g.Thescorewas80to78infavouroftheguestteam.比分是80比78，客队获胜。Theexchangerateisinourfavourtoday.今天的兑换率对我们有利。[拓展]其他表示此类意思的短语：befor支持beagainst反对agreewith同意disagreewith不同意；持不同意见thumbsup翘大拇指，赞扬，同意thumbsdown不赞成，不满将下列句子翻译成英语。1.你赞成她独自一人去那个村庄吗？2.在昨天的会议上，我们大家一致赞成经理的建议。Areyouinfavourofhergoingtothevillagealone?Allofuswereinfavourofthemanager’ssuggestionatyesterday’smeeting.1.Althoughatpresenthumaneggcellsandembryosneededforcloningresearcharedifficulttoobtain,newspaperswroteofevilleadershopingtoclonethemselvestoattaintheirambitions.[分析]a.本句的主干是_____________________________。b.although引导的让步状语从句中，neededforcloningresearch是过去分词短语作_________，修饰humaneggcellsandembryos。c.在主句中，hopingtoclonethemselvestoattaintheirambitions是动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰__________。evilleadersnewspaperswroteofevilleaders后置定语2.Somebegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsandforbaderesearchintohumancloning,butothercountrieslikeChinaandtheUK,continuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.[分析]a.本句是一个由but连接的______。b.第一个分句中有两个并列的谓语动词：began和________。c.第二个分句中，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词___________。forbade并列句medicalaid3.However,scientistsstillwonderwhethercloningwillhelporharmusandwhereitisleadingus.[分析]a.本句的主句是scientistsstillwonder。b.whether和where分别引导两个从句，作wonder的_____。宾语[仿写]__________________________________________________________________我们仍怀疑我们的计划能否在明天的会议上通过。Westillwonderwhetherourplancanbeapprovedatthemeetingtomorrow.I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示,写出各单词的正确形式。1.Therearetwentyboysandtwentygirlsinourclass.Thatistosaytherearefortystudentsa________.2.Bybuyingtwobookseverymonth,hesoon___________(积累)asmanybooksasagoodlibrary.altogetheraccumulated3.Thelawyeru________thecaseforfreebecausetheoldmanwaspoor.4.Whatisthe_____(准确的)meaningofwhatyousaidjustnow?5.Couldyouexplainthep________forshuttingdownthecomputer?6.Thefanscomplainedabouttheapparentlya_______distributionofticketsforthenextgame.undertookexactprocedurearbitrary7.Sheblushed,c______hereyesdown.8.Thebookplacesahighm____valueonmarriageandthefamilyunit.9.Doctorshavemadeagreat_____________(突破)inthekidneytransplant.10.Wetookas_____________routetotheseaside,whichsavedusalotoftime.castingmoralbreakthroughstraightforwardII.用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Ihaveastrong________(object)togettingupearlyeveryday.2.Whatyoudidwasn’tactuallyillegal,butitwas_______(moral)wrong.3.Itis_________(disturb)forafive-year-oldboytoexplainascientifictheory.objectionmorallydisturbing4.Visitorsare_________(forbid)totouchtheexhibits.5.Iusedtoliketheirmusicbutthey’vebecomevery__________(commerce).6.Theroleofthenews_____(medium)informingpublicopinionisveryimportant.forbiddencommercialmediaIII.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。1.别为了考试中的小小失败而垂头丧气。(castdown)2.母羊一次生一到两只羊羔。(produce)Don’tletyourselfbecastdownbyasmallfailureintheexam.Afemalesheepproducesoneortwolambsatatime.3.大学教授既要教学又要从事研究工作。(undertake)4.火车开动时,乘客们禁止把头伸到窗外。(forbid)Universityprofessorsbothteachandundertakeresearchwork.Thepassengersareforbiddentolookoutofthewindowwhenthetrainismoving.5.她告诉我们她的希望是成为一名钢琴家。(同位语从句)6.我赞成我们立即停止工作。(infavourof)Shetoldusherhopethatshewantedtobecomeapianist.I’minfavourofstoppingworkimmediately.7.她投资精明,积累了一笔财富。(accumulate)8.火车愈来愈慢，最后完全停了。(altogether)Thetrainwentslowerandsloweruntilitstoppedaltogether.Byinvestingwiselysheaccumulatedafortune.