英国概况

聂文梅08510104 08级03 班 1. was probably reluctant to abolish the Corn Laws? (A) A The Tories B the Whigs C The workers D The urban middle class 2. The incorrect comment on Gladstone is (C) A He stood for laissez faire in economics B He favored economy in public expenditure C He adopted an aggressive foreign policy D He adopted gradual parliamentary reform 3The incorrect comment on Disraeli is (A) A. He was the founder of the liberal party B His policy was to expand the Brithsh Empire C He made Queen Victoria Empress of India D Under him the second reform bill was passed 4. Which reform bill granted women suffrage? (D) A The reform bill of 1832 B The reform bill of 1867 C The reform bill of 1884 D None above 5the Labor party was founded in (A) A 1893 B 1899 C 1900 D 1906 6. Queen Victoria was proclaimed empress of India in (B) A1837 B 1876 C 1898 D 1901 7. The first dominion of Great Britain was (C) A Canada B New Zealand C Australia D the Union of South Africa 8 The Boers in South Africa were from (D) A the Orange Free State B Transvaal C Germany D Netherlands Chapter eight 麻雪08级03班 Fill in the blanks 1The Corn Laws were originally planned to (protect) English home-grown corn from competition from (important)foreign corn, their existence made for (higher)food prices, and assumed the superior importance of (agricultural) interests over urban (industrial) interests. 2.Under the prime minister (Benjamin),the second Reform Bill was passed in(1867).It actually granted nearly universal (manhood) suffrage in cities. But millions of (rural) workers still remained vote less. 3.The former name of the Labor Party was the (Labor) Committee, which was founded in (1900).In (1924) the Labor Party became strong enough to control a (majority) in the House of Commons and thus formed the first Labor government under the Prime Minister (Ramsay MacDonald) 4.The British East Indian Company was formed in (1600).It ruled India for more than (2)hundreds of years .In 1857 a mutiny of native soldiers broke out ,but it was put down in (1859).Then India became a Crown (Domination). 5. The Boer War broke out in (1899).The eventual British victory led to the formation of the union of South Africa in (1910). 6.By the end of the 19th century ,the British Empire occupied about (33)million sq km, taking up (1/5)of the world’s total dry land .This area was about (135) times as large as Great Britain. It ruled over a population of (560) million, which was more than (10) times as large as that in Britain. No wonder the British bourgeoisie boasted that their empire was a (sun-never-setting) 马金芳08 级03班 Question for discussion 3 Why did workers want to form trade Unions? 2 What do you think the Trade Union has achieved? Reference: 1, After the Parties Reform, Britain had become a predominantly industrial urban society, and its working class organizations had increased in size and importance. Early experiences in trade unionism had died out 2 (1) After the Trade Unions founded, it can limit the membership to skilled craftsmen: it charged fairly high dues and paid generous friendly benefits for sickness, unemployment or old age. This helped its member to be loyal; Ti closely disciplined its branches so as to prevent unauthorized strikes. (2)It could bring direct pressure on the pressure on the political parties. and was able to improve their legal position and that of the unions, so that they could gain better working conditions by bargaining through their own organization. (3)It can help workers to do for votes by passing social legislation. 4 Why was there a new interest in exploration and colonization in the 19th century? How did the new imperialism differ from the old colonially? The old colonial movement that reached its height in the 17th and 18th centuries had been to a large extent a migration of population from impoverished ,crowded, intolerant Europe to new and ,it was hoped ,more prosperous lands. The early explorers went forth in research of gold and adventure; The settlers that followed sought freedom and improved economic conditions .However, the great long-term result of the early colonialism was a New World had been discovered and Europeanized. A renewed interesting exploration and colonization, which was to partition the whole world, was an important outcome of the Industrial Revolution in West Europe. The economic root of the new imperialism was the rise of industrial and financial capitalism seeking new markets and fields of profitable investment. For the purpose of the capitalists, actual political annexation and settlement were frequently unnecessary; economic penetration through the establishment of spheres of influence”was sufficient 马玲玲08级03班 1. Why was the abolition of the Corn Laws in 1846 of historic importance? Answer : 1)it divided the Tory Party, sending its most brilliant younger leader, Benjamin Disraeli, into opposition, with his supporters against Peel;2)it began the era of free trade;3)it admitted clearly that industrial interests were henceforth to be regarded as