高中教材
教案
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高一(上)U3 American English(2)
一.教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
在过去300年左右的时间里，美国英语(American English)和英国英语(British English)都发生了很大的变化，它们的发展自然不尽相同，但二者之间区别并不是天壤之别。多数英国人和美国人可以很容易地互相听懂，两国的书面语言也非常近似。对于学习英语的中学生来讲，了解英语单词是美式拼写还是英式拼写，是美式发音还是英式发音，对知道某份书面材料到底是源出于美国还是英国是很有帮助的。从另一个角度来看，随着我国改革开和的步伐向21世纪的纵深加快，广播教学和录像教学日益普及，日常生活中对美国英语的直接接触更为广泛。目前中学英语中录制的各种英语教学磁带也多属美国英语。因而，特别注意对美语的学习，并不断扩充富有时代特色的美语式交际英语无疑是非常必要的。本单元将给同学们打开一扇了解美式英语的窗口，那就请同学们从本单元中边窥视它的区别点，边欣赏它们各自的独特魅力吧～
【指点迷津】
A.单元重点新词读音归类
1.[i:]wheel reason 2.[]plan gas Spanish character
3.[u]cookbook 4.[]fall store
5.[ei]explain tape pronunciation mail 6.[au]pronounce however howl
7.[]European 8.[]Indian
9.[]Europe European 10.[z]reason
11.[i]difficult movie Indian direct indirect explain character pronunciation British
12.[]difficult pronounce however western Europe European pronunciation character holiday Britain
B.单元重点新词透视
1.difficulty作不可数名是“困难，费力”;作可数名词是“难事，难点，具体困境”。
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测试要点:
(1)have some (no, little, much, a lot of, a great deal
of )difficulty/trouble+(in)+doing在……有困难 如:They have no difficulty in talking
with each other in English. 他们用英语交谈毫不费劲。
(2)have some (no, little, much, a lot of, a great deal of, great )difficulty/trouble+ with+n.在……有困难如:She has much difficulty with such a long speech.她作这样长的一个
报告
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有很大困难。
(3)with difficulty“困难地，费劲地”是副词短语作状语。He breathed with difficulty.
(4)without difficulty容易地，不费吹灰之力地
(5)in difficulty“处于困境中”是介词短语起形容词的作用。
注意:sth+be+difficult+to do(习惯上不用to be done)。如:This play is difficult to enjoy.欣赏这部戏剧不容易。(不用to be enjoyed)
2.plan作可数名词是“计划，打算，规划，
方案
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”。如:Fred is excited about his
family?s plan for a vacation in California.弗雷德对于他一家人要到加利福尼亚去度假的计划感到非常激动。
作及物动词和不及物动词。其后可跟不定式、名词、代词或者what引导的宾语从句。如:
He plans to go to Australia some day.他计划有朝一日能去澳大利亚一次。
He began to plan what he would do with his Sundays.他开始计划怎样度过星期天。
测试要点:
(1)该词的过去式、过去分词和现在分词要双写字母“n”。如:Have you planned your trip?你打算作一次旅行吗,
(2)a five-year plan一个五年计划，in a planned way有计划地
(3)make plans for为制定计划
(4)plan on +doing打算 如:I am planning on going to Beijing next month.我打算下个月去北京。
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(5)plan ahead提前计划
(6)在省略句中，plan后用to代替前面的宾语。如:
--Have you planned to go abroad?
--Yes, I?ve planned to.(省去了go to abroad)
3.medicine作不可数名词是“医学，医术，内科学”。虽然可作可数名词“药”，但通常指口服的药，不加-s。
测试要点:
(1)给某人一些药give sb some medicine
(2)吃药/服药take/have some medicine
(3)学医study medicine
(4)medicine的形容词为medical“医学的，医术的，医疗上的，医疗界的”。如:a medical college医学院，free medical service
4.British不列颠的，不列颠人的，英国的，英国人的 如:the British Museum
大不列颠博物馆
He is German, but his wife is British.他是德国人，他的妻子是英国人。
Britain不列颠(英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的总称) 英国的全称:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国
5.however作连词和副词，意思是“然而，可是，尽管如此，无论如何，不管怎样”。
测试要点:
(1)常把however置于句首，句子使用倒装结构，即把后部的形容词和副词直接跟在however之后。如:She always goes swimming, however cold it is不管天气多么冷，她总是去游泳。
However hard the work may be, we must finish it on time .无论这工作多么难，我们必须按时完成。
(2)however作副词时是插入语，可放在句首、句中或句末，往往用逗号和其它部分隔开。如:
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However, we still look into the matter later.不过我们以后要调查这件事。
He was ill, however, he decided to go.他病了，然而他仍决定要去。
(3)He said that it was so, he was mistaken, however.他是这样说的，可是他错了。
6.movie“电影，电影院”，常用于美国英语中，英国英语中。如:
a movie fan电影迷，a movie star电影明星，a movie house电影院，moviegoers常看电影者，go to the movies=go to the cinema=go to see a film去看电影
7.mail是美国英语作名词是“邮政，邮递，邮件”，英国英语用post。作动词是“邮寄”。如:
测试要点:
(1)by mail通过邮寄 如:I sent her a dictionary by mail.我寄给了她一本字典。
(2)作不可数名词时常和a lot of , much, a large amount of连用，表示大量的信件。如:
There was much mail last week.上周邮件很多。
(3)作可数名词时常与定冠词the连用。如:
The ship sank and the mails were lost .船沉了，邮件全丢失了。
(4)作及物动词用，如:He mailed /posted a parcel last month.他上个月寄了那个包裹。
8.reason作可数名词是“理由，原因，道理”。如:
These are our reasons for doing it .这就是我们干此事的理由。
You have no reasons to get angry.你没有道理生气。
作不可数名词是“理智，理性，理解力，情理”。如:
There is a great deal of reason in his advice.他的劝告中有许多道理。
作动词是“推理，推论，评理”。如:
reason with sb for/against为了赞成或反对……和某人评理。
测试要点:
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(1)the reason作主语其后的表语从句中用that连接。如:The reason why we are late is that our car did not come.那就是我们要你来的原因。(注意不要选why)
(2)the reason后的定语从句的连接词可以是why, that或者省略。如:That?s one of the reasons (why, that, ×)I asked you to come .那就是我要你来的原因。
(3)reason的形容词为reasonable。如:His words sound reasonable.他的话听起来有道理。
(注意不要用reasonably,因为sound为系动词要求形容词作表语。)
9.explain作及物动词和不及物动词是“解释;
说明
关于失联党员情况说明岗位说明总经理岗位说明书会计岗位说明书行政主管岗位说明书
”。其名词为explanation.
测试要点:
(1)explain后不能紧接双宾语，应用:explain sth to sb。如:She explained the reason to ne carefully.她认真地向我解释了原因。(注意不要用:explain sb sth)
(2)explain后可以接that, how, why等引起的从句。如:
Please explain to me how this sentence is read .请给我解释一下这个句子怎么读。(不要用:explain me how …)
(3)注意explain和explanation在拼写上的变化很大。
(4)explain oneself交待清楚。如:She was made to explain herself at the meeting .
会上要求她交待清楚。
10.character作可数名词是“汉字，字体;小说或者戏剧中的人物角色”。作不可数名词是“性格、品质、性质、特征”。
测试要点:
(1)in character在性格上 The twins are different in character.那对双胞胎的性格不一样。
(2)She is a woman of a firm character.=She is firm in character.她是个意志坚强的人。
(3)She is a woman of character.她是个有个性的人。
`C.单元重点词组扫瞄
1.(1)have some (no, little, much, a lot of , a great deal of )difficulty/trouble+(in)+doing在……有困难 如:They have little difficulty in
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mailing the letter. 他们向国外寄这封信毫不费劲。
(2)have some (no, little, much, a lot of, a great deal of ,great)
difficulty/trouble+with+n.在……有困难如 She has lots of difficulty with her
geography.她学习地理有很大的困难。
2.ask sb for sth向某人要某物，向某人询问某事。如:
He entered, asked for a coffee and sat down.
A student asks his or her parents for money and clothing.
You can write to BBC English and ask for any information you need.
注意:ask after问候，ask out邀请外出
3.more or less或多或少;大体上;差不多
The work is more or less finished.
This train arrived more or less on time.
注意:neither more or less正好，恰如其分
What you said is neither more or less.你说得恰如其分。
4.come about产生;发生=happen, take place
How did these differences come about ?
注意:come across越过，偶然碰见,come after跟踪而来，come alive活跃起来，come along一道来，进展，come around绕道而来
5.the same as; the same…as和……一样
At first, the language stayed the same as the language used in Britain.起初，这语言与英国使用的语言一样。
She is the same age as you.她和你同龄。
6.a great many=a good many=a large/great number of很多，相当多的
注意该词组修饰可数名词，后面有无of的用法请对比下面两句:
A great many books in the library are new.图书室中的很多书是新的。
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A great many of the books in the library are new.图书室的书中有相当一部分是新的。
7.and so on等等
The clothes were red, green, blue, yellow and so on.
They spent their time visiting friends, reading, watching television, and so on.
注意:and so on =and so forth=etc.=and so on and so forth=and the like =and things
8.bring in引来，引进，介绍，收入，领……进来
Stick to the point;don?t bring in things that are not important.紧扣要点，不要把不重要的话题扯进来。
They started to use English, but they also brought in some words from their own
languages.他们开始使用英语，但把他们自己语言中的一些词也带了进来。
Someone wants to see you .Shall I bring him in ?
注意:bring about带来，造成，bring back归还，bring up抚养，呕吐,bring down打落，使……降低，bring out发表，拿出
9.change…into=turn…into把……变成
Please change these sentences into indirect speech.把这些句子变成间接引语。
Heat changes water into steam.加热使水变成蒸汽。
I?d like to change these pounds into dollars.我很想把英镑换成美元。
注意:有时change into是指发生了化学上的变化。
10.over the centuries=in the past few centuries在过去的几个世纪中(注意句子的时态常用现在完成时)
American English has changed over the centuries, too . 在过去的几个世纪里，美国英语也发生变化。
D.大纲规定的单元日常核心交际用语指南
如何突破语言障碍(How to smooth away the language difficulties)
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1.文化背景(Culture Notes)
?作为外语初学者，与外国人交流时，难免有听不懂的时候。此时，最好不要哑口无言，要找一些恰当的话语使交流自然地进行，如必须把下列功能套用语熟烂于心，并朗朗上口:I beg your pardon?/Would you please repeat it ?/Could you say
it more slowly and clearly?/Pardon ?/I?m sorry I know only a little English./ I?m sorry
I don?t quite follow you./How do you pronounce the word ?/How do you spell your
name?/What does“fall”here mean ?/I didn?t catch you./I don?t understand what you mean./May I ask a question ?Could you repeat what you said just now ?……
当对方听到这样的话语时，可能会换一种表达方式或附加一些解释语言以便使你容易地接受。
?在跨文化交际中，语言障碍只是一个方面，如对方使用的词汇你没有学过，对方使用的句型你没有接触过，对方工作的生活状况你不了解，对方所处地域的习俗你一点不知，对方国家的文化背景、人生价值念等你一无所知，那这些都可能直接地影响着你的交际成功与否。
?A:Please get me a drink from the fridge, Tang jing.
B:Pardon ?
A:Please——a drink——fridge.
B:What do you mean by“fridge”.
A:Oh, that?s the short form for“refrigerator”.
B:Oh, you mean“refrigerator”.
A:Yes .
B:Ok, just wait.
E.单元语法学习目标
直接引语变间接引语“四注意”
本单元是学习直接引语和间接引语，有些同学过分拘泥于那些规则，不敢变通，有时造成很大的失误。所以建议同学们从语言实际运用的角度注意以下几个方面:
(一).间接引语即为宾语从句。间接引语是从直接引语转换来的，结构上就是宾语从句。可从以下四种句型去掌握。
1.直接引语是陈述句时，间接引语是由连词that引导的宾语从句，that常可省
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略。主句中的say to sb.常根据需要改为tell sb。
?He said, “I?m a doctor.”?He said(that)he was a doctor.
?She said to me, “I?m studying English these days.”?She told me that she was studying English those days .
2.直接引语是一般问句时，间接引语是由whether(if)引导的宾语从句。主句的
谓语动词多用ask。
?She asked, “Are you preparing for it ?”?She asked whether(if)we were
preparing for it .
如果问句是表示“建议”，可用动词suggest或advise加宾语从句或适当结构来
完成。
?“Shall we meet at the theatre?”he said.
?He suggested that we should meet at the theatre.
?He suggested our meeting at the theatre.
3.直接引语是特殊问句时，间接引语为原来连接代间(副词)引导的宾语从句。
?He asked,“Which one do you like best,”?He asked which one I liked best .
4.直接引语为祈使句时，变成“ask /tell/order等动词+宾词+to不定式”。如直接
引语是let引起的祈使句，改为间接引语用“should+动词原形”。
?He said,“Get everything ready in two hours.”?He asked us to get everything
ready in two hours.
?Tom said, “Let?s have a cup of coffee.”?Tom said that we should have a cup of coffee.
(二)时态转化中的不变。
1.直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理，变为间接引语时时态不变。
?The teacher said to the pupils, “The earth is round.”?The teacher told the pupils
that the earth is round.
2.当引语中有表示某一具体的过去的时间的状语，谓语动词的时态情况不需要
作调整。
?My father said to me ,“I was born in 1945.”?My father told me that he was
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born in 1945.
(三)其它方面转化中的不变
如直接引语要变为间接引语，转述发生在当天、当地的事，直接引语中的come here, tomorrow, this morning, today, yesterday等不必随着改变。
10.He said ,“I?ll come here this evening.”?He said he would come here this
evening.
11.This morning he said ,“I?m leaving for Beijing tomorrow.”?This morning he
said that he was leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
(四)结合实际，灵活使用。
学习语法要结合实际，提高运用语言的实际能力。直接引语变间接引语也要看情况，做到用适当的表达方式准确引述原话。请看下例:如果设A为听者，B和C为第三者，可根据转述者和听者的不同，分别转述为如下的间接引语。
12.He said,“You are in Class Two.”
?He said that I was in Class Two.(A对B、C转述)
?He said that you were in Class Two.(B或C对A转述)
?He said that he(he-指A)was in Class Two.(B对C或C对B转述)
如果说话者转述自己的话，人称也不需变化。
13.I said to her, “I have done my best.”?I told her that I had done my best.
同时，在变化时直接引语中有多种句型时，要根据实际灵活地运用，这样英语的表达才能更准确。
14.He said, “Will you do it ?”and I said ,“Yes .”?He asked if I would do it and I
said that I would.
二.学海导航
【学法指要】
如何破解与汉语意义相反的特殊回答
请看下面两道考题:
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1.——You haven?t been to Beijing, have you?
——. How I wish to go there!
A. Yes , I have B. Yes, I haven?t C. No, I have D. No, I haven?t
2.——Please don?t make a noise.
——___.I?ll be as quiet as a mouse.
A. Yes, I won?t B. No, I won?t C. No, I will D. Yes, I will
这两道题的答案分别为D和B。做这类题目时，首先要知道Yes后只能接肯定形式，No后只能接否定形式。如第1题中的B、C，第二题中的A、C，无论在任何情况下是不存在的;其次要知道这类题目的回答与汉语意义相反，即将Yes译成“不”，表示反对对方观点，“NO”译成“是的”，表示支持对方观点;最后根据语境揭示判断正确答案。
与汉语意义相反的特殊回答主要出现在下面三种情况。
(一)出现在陈述部分否定，疑问部分肯定的反意问句中。例如:
1.——You won?t go there by bus, will you ?
——No, I won?t .I?ll just walk.是的，我不会，我将步行。
2.——You never fall asleep in class, do you ?
——Yes, I do sometimes.不，我有时睡。
(二)出现在否定的祈使句或陈述句的对话中。例如:
3.——Please don?t be late for class.
——No, I won?t . I will be as early as possible.是的，我不会，我要尽可能地早到
4.——I hope you weren?t ill.
——No, Jeanne, I wasn?t ill.是的，让娜，我没病。
(三)出现在对否定的一般疑问句的回答中。例如:
5.——Didn?t you have a good time at the meeting ?
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——Yes, a very good time.不，玩得很痛快。
6.——Can?t you remember doing the silly thing ?
——Yes, I can. I regret having done it.不，我记得，干了这件事我后悔。 【针对训练】
请根据语境提示选出正确答案。
1.——Tom doesn?t like dancing, does he ?
—— ,but he used to .
A. yes, he does B. Yes, he doesn?t C. No, he does D. No, he doesn?t
2.——The book isn?t easy for Jack to understand, is it ?
—— .His foreign language is far better than expected.
A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn?t C. I don?t think D. Yes, it does
3.——You didn?t go to the concert, did you ?
—— .I ought to have gone.
A. Yes, I did B. No, I didn?t C. Yes ,I didn?t D. No, I did
4.——Shouldn?t we invite more people to the dance ?
—— .A small dance is the most fun.
A. Yes, we should B. No, we should
C. Yes, we shouldn?t D. No,we shouldn?t
参考答案:1——4DABD
【妙文赏析】
A Story About Four People
This is a story about four people named Everybody, Somebody, Anybody and
Nobody. There was a very important job to be done, and Everybody thought that
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Somebody would do it. Anybody could have done it, but Nobody did. Somebody got
angry about that because it was Everybody?s job. Everybody thought that Anybody
could do it, but Nobody realized that Everybody wouldn?t do it. It ended up that
Everybody blamed(责备)Somebody when Nobody blamed Somebody when Nobody
did what Anybody could easily have done.
关于四个人的故事
这是一个关于“人人”“有人”“任何人”和“没有人”四个人的故事。有一项很重要的工作要做，“人人”认为“有人”将做这项工作，“任何人”能完成这项工作，但“没有人”做这项工作。“有人”对此生气了，因为它是“人人”的工作。“人人”认为“任何人”能做这项工作，但“没有人”认识到“人人”不愿做这项工作，其结果是当“没有人”做了“任何人”能很容易完成的工作时，虽然“没有人”责备“有人”，但“人人”却责备“有人”。
【思维体操】
介词用法比较精选精练
在下列每组句子的空格处填入一个正确的介词。
1.(1)Do you know the difference the two verbs?
(2)The two words are different the Chinese meaning.
(3)The word“past”is different the word“passed”.
2.(1)Ted cut the apple half.
(2)Ted cut the apple halves.
3.(1)It?s very kind you to help me with my studies.
(2)Our neighbour is always king us .
4.(1)The teacher is writing a piece of chalk.
(2)The teacher is writing red ink.
(3)The teacher is writing a piece of paper.
(4)The teacher is writing an old friend of his.
(5)The teacher is writing a letter an old man who can?t write.
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5.(1)Meat does not keep good hot weather.
(2)Our teachers are always good us students.
(3)The girl is good drawing animals.
(4)Fresh air is good your health.
6.(1)We had learned 1,000 words the end of last term.
(2)We have the final examination the end of every term.
(3)They all passed the entrance examination the end. 7.(1)The teacher is rather strict his pupils.
(2)The teacher is rather strict his work.
8.(1)Paper can be made wood.
(2)Wood can be made paper.
(3)The chairs and tables can be made wood.
(4)The football team is made twenty players and a coach. 9.(1)The children are waiting the railway station their mother.
(2)The children wait their sick mother hand and foot. 10.(1)Henry dropped in Mr Crossette yesterday evening.
(2)Henry dropped in Mr Crossette?s yesterday evening. 答案
1.between,in,from 2. in,into 3.of ,to 4. with,in,on,for 5. in,to,at,for
6.by,at,in 7.with,in 8. from,into ,of ,up 9.at,foron 10. on,at 三.智能显示
【心中有数】
美国英语和英国英语在拼写上的差别探微
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1.词尾-or与-our的区别就是英式拼写为-our结尾，但美式拼写为-or。如:
colour=color,favour=favor喜爱，labou=labor劳动，
neighbour=neighbor,honour=honor
2.词尾英式拼写为-re，但美式拼写为-er。如:
centre=center,metre=meter
3.词尾英式拼写为-ce，但美式拼写为-se。如:
defence=defense保卫，licence=license护照，practice=practise实践，练习
4.英式拼写中词尾要双写，但美式拼写中不双写。如:
traveller=traveler,travelling=traveling,travelled=traveled
5.英式中的动词以-se结尾，但美式中以-ze结尾。如:
organise=organize组织,realise=realize认识到
6.下面的这些难以归类，前者为英式拼写，后者为美式拼写:
cheque=check支票，tyre=tire轮胎，grey=gray灰色，luggage=baggage行李， cigarette=cigaret香烟，axe=ax斧子，plough=plow犁，programme=program节目，程序，
storey=story楼层。
【动脑动手】
从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1.——What will Jimmy do next Sunday ?
——He plans_____fishing.
A. to go B. to go to C. going D. going to
2.——How about going for swimming this Sunday ?
——_____very much.
A. I?ll like it B. I?d like C. I?ll like to D. I?d like to
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3.Tom is strong,_______his brother is weak.
A. when B. though C. however D. while
4.I don?t know how the result comes____.
A. about B. on C. out D. over
5.MissShut, who teaches us ____English language, is _____European.
A. the ;an B. the; a C. 不填;an D.不填;a
6.She didn?t find the word____to pronounce.
A. easily B. is easily C. easy D. to be easy
7.I?m going to buy the same dictionary ____you bought .
A. like B. as C. that D. if
8.——Shall I explain it again ?
——Yes, Please. I couldn?t quite what you said.
A. agree with B. know about C. think of D. follow
9.Could you ___how to use the new computer ?
A. explain me B. explain to me C. explain for me D. talk to me
10._____he was interested in medicine, but now he wants to practise____.
A. First;drawing B. At first;drawing C. First;to draw D. At first,;to draw
11.In our hometown, people grow wheat, rice ,cotton,____.
A. and so on B. on and on C. for example D. so far
12.The English_____their language with them when the travelled to other
countries.
A. brought B. carried C. took D. taught
13.Have you any trouble _____this problem ?
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A. in B. of C. with D. to do
14.It takes ____hard work to finish the experiment.
A. a great many B. a good many C. a number of D. a lot of
15._____English is a bit more difficult to master than _____English.
A. Speaking;writing B. Speaking;written
C. Spoken;writing D. Spoken;written
【答案与简析】1.选A。plan to do“打算干”和go fishing“去钓鱼”的结合。2.选D。当接受别人的邀请时常用:I?d like/love to。意思是“很乐意”。3.选D。因为是两个不同对象比较，while含有对比性。4.选A。 5.选B。6.选C。句型为:find+…+形容词+to do。形容词作宾语补足语。7.选B。the same…as“和……一样”(暗指同一类)，the same…that“和……一样”(暗指同一个)。8.选D。从再需要解释可知是用follow表示“明白，听懂”。9.B。explain sth to sb。10.选B。first“首选”，at first“起初，开始时”，practise+-ing。11.A。and so on =etc.=and so forth。12.选C。bring去带……，carry运载……，take随身携带。13.选C。
have…trouble/difficulty+(in)+ing=have…trouble/difficulty+with+名词。“在……有困难”。该句型中习惯上不用to do。14.选D。A、B、C都修饰可数名词。D可修饰可数和不可数名词。15.选D。spoken Enlish口语英语，written English书面英语。 【创新园地】
用间接引语将下列对话改写成短文。开关已给出，请续写。(Y——Yang Mei;S——Sara)
Y:Good morning, Sara. I?m Yang Mei.
S:Good morning, Yang Mei. Nice to meet you.
Y:Now we are in the same class. I come from China. I just learned a little English.
I have some problems in pronouncing some of the words in English.
S:No, you are doing well. I can follow you.
Y:Thank you.
S:What are you going to do at the weekend ?
Y:I?m going to see a film. Will you go with me ?
S:Yes, with pleasure.
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Sara and Yang Mei were new students in the same class at school in America. Before class they had a talk. First, they said“Hi”…
SEFS1A
Unit 3
创新园地答案
Sara and Yang Mei were new students in the same class at school in America. Before class they had a talk, First they said“Hi”to each other. Then Yang Mei told Sara she came from China and she knew only a little English. She also said she had some problems in pronouncing some of the words in English. Sara said Yang Mei was doing
fine and she could understand what she said. Yang Mei was thankful. Sara asked what she was going to do at the weekend. Yang Mei was going to see a film and asked Sara to go together.
Unit 15 Healthy Eating教学
案例
全员育人导师制案例信息技术应用案例心得信息技术教学案例综合实践活动案例我余额宝案例
(一)单元双基学习目标
?. 四会单词和词组:
pain , in (the) future , be rich in , contain , fat ( n . ) , soft drink , score , scores of ,
discuss , discussion , at the end ( of )
三会单词和词组: examine , ripe , advise , patient , energy , weight , put on weight , westerner , cause , unhealthy , lose weight , suggestion
?. 交际英语:
人人都希望自己身体健康，工作顺利，生活愉快。人体就像一部机器，机器需要
经常保养才能不停地正常运转，不出故障;人也需要营养合理的饮食、充足的睡
眠、必不可少的休息与娱乐。倘若你为了省钱省时间而终日凑合着吃东西;倘若
你为了挤出更多的时间对付艰苦的学习而挤掉了睡眠时间;倘若你为了多打工赚
钱，几乎舍弃了所有的休息与娱乐;那么，生病就在所难免。万一人生了病就需
要去医院诊断出故障的原因，这时就需要和医生打交道，下面是常用到的语句。
医生用语:
1. What can I do for you ? / What was the matter ? / What's the trouble ?
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2. Does it hurt here ? / It's nothing serious . / Let me examine you . / Take this medicine three times a day . / And I advise you not to do …
3. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest . / You'd better have a good rest . / You'll be well soon .
4. Show me your tongue . / Stick out your tongue . / Did you cough much ? / Fortunately , you only have the flu (流感) . / You'll have to be hospitalized (住院) .
5. How long have you been like this ? / Well , let's see . Open your mouth and say "ah ". / Keep warm and don't catch cold .
病人用语:
1. I've got a pain ( cough , headache , toothache ) . / I don't feel well . / There's something wrong with … . / This place hurts . / I feel a great pain here . / I feel dizzy
(头晕) . / I took some medicine last night , but they didn't help . / Doctor , please give me an examination .
2. I've had my temperature taken . I indeed have a fever . / I was hot and cold by turns .
3. I don't feel well , doctor . / I hope it won't last long . / I don't feel like eating anything .
4. I have a sore throat ( 喉咙痛) and my chest hurts . / It started bothering me
yesterday afternoon . / I feel hot and feverish . / I'm aching all over .
5. I've been losing sleep . / My whole body feels weak . / I've lost my voice . / My ears are ringing , and my cheeks burning . / I feel a pain in my left leg .
?. 语法重点:进一步学习提出建议和忠告的句型。
1. I advise you (not) to do … / you'd better (not) do … / I suggest that you (should)
do … / Why not do … / Why don't you do …
2. It's better to be absolutely sure , even if it does take a bit more time and trouble .
3. Well , if I were you , I would spend about four days sightseeing in Beijing and two or three days in Shanghai for shopping .
4. Let me give you a bit of advice , if you don't mind . Stop smoking or at least cut down on it . Watch your diet and …
5. How / What about doing some shopping here ?
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6. I think we'd better send for a doctor .
7. Well , if you go on the way you have , you're only going to make things harder for
yourself .
8. Yes , I suppose so . / Yes , I certainly will . / That's a good idea . / Yes , but don't
you think … ?
(二)单元重点词汇点拨
1. contain 作及物动词是"包含;包括;能容纳，能装入"
Sea water contains salt .
This auditorium will contain 3,000 people .
〖点拨〗
(1) contain 和 include 虽然都有"包含"的意思，但 contain 可用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分，而 include 则只是包含一部分。试对比: The parcel contained a dictionary . 那包裹里装的是一本字典。
The parcel included a dictionary . 那包裹里也包括了一本字典。 The tour includes a visit to Paris . 这次旅行包括游览巴黎。
The basket contains a variety of fruits . 这篮子装有各种水果。
(2) including 可以作介词连接介词短语。试比较:
Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth , including my mother . Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth , my mother included . 可以这样说，include 着重"被包含者只是整体中的一部分"。contain 着重"内有"。 2. advise 作及物动词是"忠告、劝告、建议"
The doctor advised a soft diet . 医生建议进软食。 〖点拨〗
(1) advise + doing
He advised getting plenty of sleep and eating good meals .
(2) advise sb to do 建议某人干……。advise sb not to do sth = advise sb against doing
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建议某人不要干
The teacher advised us not to read carelessly . = The teacher advised us against
careless reading .
对比:The teacher advised our reading carefully . (动名词复合结构) (3) advise that + 主语 + (should) do
She advised that he spend his holidays in Heinan .
对比:(误)Sharon suggested me to ask Dr Yang for help . (对)Sharon advised me to ask Dr Yang for help .
(对)Sharon suggested / advised that I should ask Dr Yang for help . (对)Sharon suggested / advised my asking Dr Yang for help . (对)I was advised to ask Dr Yang for help by Sharon .
(4) advice 是不可数名词，表达"一条建议"用:a piece / bit / word of advice 。 3. score (比赛的) 得分;(单复数相同)二十
The score at the end of the game was 5 to 4 against the visiting team . 比赛结果为 5 比 4 ， 客队败北。
What's the score now ? 现在比分是多少 ,
〖点拨〗
(1) scores of 许多，大批
The exhibition has scores of visitors every day .
(2) score 前有数词时，score 用单数，其后的 of 常省略。但在代词或者起定语作用的指示代词及物主掉次前的 of 不能省略。
Three score of them are League members .
Three score of those eggs are his .
She has two score (of) eggs . (这种情况下最好不用 of )
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4. discuss 作及物动词是"讨论，议论"。名词形式是 discussion 。 I've something of great importance to discuss with you .
After careful discussion the two parties reached an agreement on this matter . 〖点拨〗
(1) discuss 后直接接名词、疑问词 + to do ，不接 about / on 。但discussion 后可以接about 。
(错)We have discussed about the problem .
(对)We have discussed the problem .
(对)We have had a discussion about the problem .
(2) discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论……
We will discuss the changes of our school with them later .
(3) discuss freely 自由讨论，discuss fully / thoroughly 充分讨论，discuss keenly 激烈讨论，under discussion 在讨论中，have a long discussion about / on sth 对……进行长时间的讨论， a heated / hot discussion 热烈的讨论。
5. suggestion 建议
Your suggestion is very helpful .
〖点拨〗
(1) 含有suggestion 的主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句中主句谓语用 should 型虚拟式。
We agree to his suggestion that the book (should) be published once more . (2) suggestion 的搭配有:make a helpful / timely suggestion 作出有益(适时)的建议。act on / at one's suggestion = act on / at the suggestion of sb 按照某人的建议做。
(3) suggestion , advice 和 opinion
advice 多指根据自己的学识和经验提出来的供人参考的意见。suggestion 指为改进工作、解决问题而提出的建议，比 advice 委婉。opinion 是日常用语，指对某事的观点、想法。另外，advice 是不可数名词。
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Advice is seldom welcome . (谚语) 忠言逆耳。 In our opinion , these trees must be cut down at once . We have decided to pay more attention to their suggestions . (三)单元词组思维运用
1. at the doctor's 在诊所
At the doctor's you can have your eyesight tested . 2. visit a doctor = see a doctor 看医生，看病，就诊 He had to visit a doctor because of his heart trouble . 3. a piece of bread 一块面包
4. a bit 有点儿(修饰形容词)
These apples are a bit green . 这些苹果有些生。 5. have a good rest 好好休息一下
6. in four hours' time 四小时后，四小时内
Take two pills now and two more in fours' time . They will arrive in two hours' time .
7. a diet of 一种……的食物
Every person needs water and a diet of healthy foods . 8 . different kinds of 不同种类的
There are different kinds of moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Day . Different kinds of book ( = Different kinds of books = Books of different kinds ) are
on show in the book fair .
9. in calories 以卡来计算
The energy is measured in calories . 这种能量以卡来计算。
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10. be asleep 睡者(强调状态)。fall asleep 睡着(强调动作) 11. burn up 烧掉，烧毁;消耗掉。
While you are walking , your body is burning up 100 calories an hour . If the satellite returns to the earth too fast , it burns up on the way . The house burned up before the firemen got there .
12. as much as 像……那样多;多达;到达……的程度。as much as 用于不可数的物体，而 as many as 则用于可数的物体。该结构还可以变化为:as much + 不可数名词 + as 或者 as many + 可数名词 + as 的形式。
Here is a bottle of ink . You may use as much as you need .
The average distance of the sun from the earth is as much as 150 million kilometres . 太阳与地球的平均距离达一亿五千万公里。
You should rest as much as possible .
In the countries of Black Africa , there are as many as 700 languages . When working there , she could earn as much as 500 dollars a week . He is strong enough to carry as much as 200 jin .
13. be considered (to be ) + 名词或者形容词"被认为是……"
14. be rich in 含有大量的;充满
This kind of fish is rich in vitamins A and D .
A large stretch of land rich in coal is called a coal field .
注意其反义词组是:be low in 含量低。be high in 含有大量的…… 15. too much 过于多的(修饰不可数名词、作主语、作宾语、作表语)。而much too修饰形容词和副词。
She gets up much too early , because she has too much work to do every day . 16 . take exercise 运动;锻炼
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You need to take more exercise if you want to keep healthy . She ate too much and did not take any exercise .
17. put on weight 增加体重;发胖。lose weight 减少体重。 Too many sweets and not enough exercise will make you put on weight . To the great joy of her , she has lost much weight . 18. in the form of 以……的形式
He made the suggestion in the form of a question . All sounds travel in the forms of waves .
Water exists in the form of ice , snow , steam , etc. 19. one person in ten = one-tenth = one person out of ten 十分之一的人 注意区别:ten to one 十有八九，有可能
20. by the age of 在……岁前;不超过……岁。by 在这里相当于 before 。
She had had three children by the age of 35 .
He had been in the army for two years by the age of 18 . 注意:at the age of 在……岁时。试对比:
She married at the age of 30 .
She had been married by the age of 30 .
21. put … in order 把……按照顺序排列好
22 . value for money 合算，花钱值得
23 . scores of 几十的，大量的，许多的(修饰可数名词) 24 . value of money 合算，花钱值得
25 . lose weight 减少体重
26 . die from heart illnesses 死于各类心脏疾病
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高二 Unit 17 Life in the future
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework exercises.
2 Ask the Ss a few random questions to revise future time and introduce the topic of
the unit. For example: What lessons do you have this afternoon / tomorrow? Are you going to do anything special this evening? What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow? What are you going to do on Saturday evening? Are you planning to do
anything on Sunday?
Step 2 Presentation
SB Page 25, Part 1. Ask questions about the picture, and get Ss to tell you what they think is happening. Teach the new words majority, goods, industry. Read the introduction aloud.
Step 3 Reading
Say Now read the dialogue silently and find out this information: What is being planned at this company? Allow the Ss a few moments to carry out the task. Check the answer. (A new factory may be built.) See if the Ss can guess the meaning of out of work.
Step 4 Dialogue
Speech Cassette Lesson 65. Play the tape of the dialogue for the Ss to listen and follow. Go through the dialogue briefly and make sure the Ss understand it. Ask questions like these: What are people at the company talking about? Who is going to make the decision? Why does the company need to build a new factory? What is the difficulty? Why do some people want the new factory to be built? Why are some people against the new factory? Explain that may have plans expresses uncertainty about the future. Play the tape again. This time the Ss listen and repeat. Then let the Ss practise the dialogue in pairs. You may wish to ask one pair to act the scene in front of the class.
Notes:
a People have been talking of it a lot recently.:
Note the Present Perfect Continuous Tense to express an activity which started in the
past and is still continuing.
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b I simply don„t know. = I honestly don?t know.
c Right now = At this moment
d The problem is … it. = Finding land for building the new factory is a problem ( i.e. difficult).
e The majority of people = Most people
f a number of people = quite a lot of people
g out of work = do not have jobs
h But some people … built on. = Some people do not want them to build a factory on good farm land. Note the structure not want something to be done.
i I can see the problem. = I understand the problem.
j is likely to happen = will probably happen
k It„s quite likely: Quite emphasizes likely and increases the possibility.
Step 5 Practice
SB Page 25, Part 2. Demonstrate how to make sentences from the table, then get a few
Ss to make example sentences. Then let the Ss do this exercise in pairs. At the end get Ss to write down 5 sentences from this table in their exercise books.
Step 6 Workbook
Wb Lesson 65, Exx. 1 - 4.
After Ex. 1 is done orally, get the Ss to write the answers in their exercise books.
Both Exx. 2 and 3 should be done in pairs first. Then check the answers with the class. Get Ss to translate the sentences into Chinese and ask them to think if they will be able to put them back into English. Pay attention to the sentence structures.
When doing Ex. 4, warn the Ss not to do word for word translation. Special attention should be paid to the sentence patterns and word order.
Step 7 Consolidation
With a good class you can give the Ss the following phrases and get them to make up
a dialogue. Write these phrases on the Bb.
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I believe you?re right.
What are the problems then?
What do you think is likely to happen?
Write them up on the Bb and demonstrate with a good S how it is possible to make up a dialogue.
A: I think the company will buy more land.
B: I believe you„re right.
A: But it isn?t likely that the manager will make a decision soon.
B: What are the problems then?
With an ordinary class, just practise the dialogue in Part 1 again.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Do Ex. 1 and part of Ex. 4 as written work.
Lesson 66
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework exercises.
2 Revise the dialogue in Lesson 65, paying special attention to intonation. Step 2 Presentation
SB Page 26, Part 1. Teach the new words videophone, fax machine by showing the
class a picture or a Bb drawing, or by translation. Read aloud the question at the head
of the text. Then say Read the passage and tick those subjects that are mentioned in
the text. Allow the Ss enough time to read the text and compare their answers. Answers: All the subjects are mentioned in the text.
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Step 3 Reading
Wb Lesson 66, Ex. 1. Go through the exercise and make sure the Ss know what to do. Let them read the whole passage carefully and choose the best answer to each
question, working in pairs or small groups. Check the answers with the whole class. This is a good time to deal with any language problems. See if the Ss can guess the meaning of new vocabulary such as central, convenient, transport, etc.
Notes:
a Throughout the world = all over the world
b more and more = increasingly
c glasshouses = structures of metal frames and glass that are used for the growing of flowers and vegetables, particularly in colder countries.
d It is possible … 1?.: For example, by raising the temperature, you will increase your heating costs. But you might also increase the yield of your crop. If the extra revenue is greater than the extra costs, then you turn the heating up!
e Lights will go off: Lights will be switched off when an automatic sensing device
notices that a room is unoccupied.
f The idea … many people. = Many people are surprised by the idea that computers can recognize human voices.
g to work out = to calculate
h to work out the best distance between trains. = to work out the safe distance between trains travelling in the same direction along the track. Computers also control the signalling for these trains.
i In the fields of = In the areas of
j It is possible … printed.: Note the structure have something done.
k programs: A program for a computer is spelt -am; programmes for theatres and TV
are spelt -amme.
l worldwide: an adjective or adverb
m The next step is to search = The next thing which you can do is search
Step 4 Reading aloud
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Speech Cassette Lesson 66. Play the tape of the passage for the Ss to listen and follow. Play the tape of part of the dialogue once more; this time the Ss listen and repeat. Pay attention to the sentence stress of longer sentences.
Step 5 Word study
SB Page 27, Part 2.
Note: This part not only covers new vocabulary in the text, but it also provides Ss with more examples of Noun Clauses, the focal structure of the unit. Spend a little time on highlighting this structure to Ss before they begin to have this practice. Say
Look at the first few sentences carefully.
Number 1: The possibility was not mentioned. Which possibility? The possibility that people would have to ____rooms.
Number 2: The answer was not true. Which answer? The answer that the ____ had not been received.
Number 3: The belief was proved in the research. Which belief? The belief that people find it more ___ to shop on Sundays.
Then get the Ss to do this exercise individually, checking their answers in pairs at the end. Note the spelling of well known:
This is well known. (Predicative)
It is a well-known fact. (Attributive)
Answers:
1 share 2 goods 3 convenient 4 industry 5 majority 6 voice 7 central 8 skill 9 labour 10 mail
Step 6 Workbook
Wb Lesson 66, Ex. 2 helps the Ss to learn how to use some of the new words.
Checking the answers, you may get the Ss to translate the sentences into Chinese. Note the inverted order of the first sentence.
Step 7 Consolidation
SB Page 27, Part 3. Do this note-making exercise either in class or for homework. The
aim is to get the Ss to read the text again closely and extract the relevant information. Get the Ss to check their notes in pairs when they have completed this activity.
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Answers:
AREA USE
Farms control the growing conditions of plants
Banks change money; pay bills Houses central computer to control heating and hot
water recognize someone„s voice
Transport work out the best distance between trains operate trains
Education store texts
Health and research keep information records
Industry
Homework
Read the passage again and complete the notes in Part 3. Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Lesson 67
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework exercises.
2 Ask the Ss to tell each other ten ways in which computers will be used in the future
(books shut). Then ask pairs to tell the rest of the class. Write this information up on
the Bb in note form.
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Step 2 Preparation for reading
SB Page 28, Part 1. Get the Ss to talk about the picture. Ask Do you think it?s necessary for the young lady to buy so many clothes? What do you think of the meal these people are having? Is it very expensive or just ordinary? Let them speak out their views. Tell the Ss Today we„re going to read another text about the future. But this writer has different opinions. Read the passage quickly to find the answer to this question: What three things does the writer suggest in this text? (Spend less money; look after your health better; use less energy.)
Step 3 Reading
Now let the Ss read the passage carefully. Go through it with the Ss. Ask some questions: What is wrong with new possessions? How much energy does the USA use? What percent of the world?s population does it have? Deal with any language
problems.
Notes:
a new possessions that they do not need: for example, goods for the house, extra clothes, luxury goods, etc.
b a waste of: Point out the use of waste of in this expression
c Many people, both young and old, are against this expensive way of life. = Many
young and old people do not agree with this way of living.
d the basic needs of the world„s population should be satisfied = the basic needs should be provided for
e Possibly ... it is now. = At present some countries are much wealthier than others. It
is possible that in future the wealth will be distributed more equally.
f Take health for example. = Consider health for example.
g They do this: refers to the previous sentence
h An electric hair drier blows out hot air so that you can dry your hair more quickly after washing it.
Step 4 Discussion
SB Page 28, Part 2. Prepare for this discussion by writing these phrases on the Bb, which were practised in Lesson 65.
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will (not)
may (not)
is (not) likely to
It is possible that ... will (not)
It is (not) likely that ... will (not)
Put the class into groups of four. Join a good group and demonstrate how you can discuss the first question, using the phrases on the Bb. Develop the discussion so that people do not just make isolated sentences, but agree or disagree with each other and give reasons for their opinions.
Step 5 Language study
SB Page 29, Part 3. Highlight the structure of the example sentences in the same way as you did in Lesson 66, Step 5. Say Books open. Sentence 1. The idea surprises many
people. Which idea? The idea that computers Will recognize human voices. Sentence 2. The possibility is often discussed. Which possibility? The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home.
Read through the example sentences and get the students to translate them into Chinese.
Step 6 Practice
SB Page 29, Part 4. Explain that Ss have to translate the part in Chinese into English. In order to make sure that every S has to make an effort, get Ss to write out their
translations individually in their exercise books. They can then check them in pairs.
Answers:
that the majority had voted for the plan/programme
that the meeting was delayed/would be delayed
that the transport of the goods cost too much
that the drawings had arrived by mail
that the company will make a greater effort
that the prices of cars will go down
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Step 7 Practice
SB Page 29, Part 5. Explain to the Ss that when they have completed this word puzzle, they will discover ten hidden words that run either vertically or horizontally. Make
sure that they search the texts for the words rather than refer to the list of new words at the back of the SB. Get Ss to do as much as they can individually. Then at the end they can help each other to complete the puzzle.
Answers:
Step 8 Workbook
Wb Lesson 67, Exx. 1 - 3.
For Ex. 1, the Ss are required to form questions with the given words first and then do
questions and answers in pairs. Finally check the answers with the class.
For Ex. 2, let the Ss work individually first. Then get them to complete the sentences and put them into Chinese.
If there is time, take up Ex. 3.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Write down the questions in Ex. 1.
Lesson 68
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Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework exercises.
2 Get the Ss to tell each other ten things that they think will/may/may not happen in the future. To prepare for this, write the phrases on the Bb that you used in Lesson 67, Step 4. Remind them of the topics which they discussed in groups in Lesson 67, Part 2. When they havefinished, get pairs of Ss to tell you one thing each. Write them on the Bb in complete sentence form, asking for any corrections that are necessary as you do this. When you have finished, get the Ss to copy these sentences into their exercise books.
Step 2 Preparation for listening
SB Page 30, Part 1. Wb Listening, Unit 17. Tell the Ss This whole unit has been about the future. Now we?re going to listen to a news broadcast for the year 2035. Then read
the introduction aloud. Read aloud the task in Ex. 1 and make sure the Ss understand what to do.
Step 3 Listening
Listening Cassette Unit 17. Do each exercise in turn. Play the tape, then let Ss discuss their answers in pairs. Play the tape again if necessary, then check the answers with the whole class.
Listening Text
You are going to listen to a news broadcast for Saturday, the 14th of April, 2035. There are three news stories.
Here is the news for Saturday, the 14th of April.
The first group of Chinese tourists have returned from the moon. A group of 25 tourists landed last night at the Space Research Centre in Qinghai Province. They had been in space for one week. Their trip included a visit to three different places on the moon. Each of the tourists paid one and a half million yuanfor the trip.
A new speed record has been set for the underground railway that joins Chengdu and Xi„an. The railway was completed last year. Yesterday a train reached a speed of 821 kilometres per hour. The train was carrying 1,200 passengers. The journey of 842 kilometres took one hour and eleven minutes.
A new type of lemon tree for cold countries has been developed by the Agricultural Research Service of Liaoning Province, where research work has been going on for
seven years. The new lemon tree will be grown in cold parts of China. Normal lemon
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trees are killed when the temperature falls below 0? Centigrade.
Answers:
Ex. 1: agriculture, tourism, transport
Ex. 2: 1 Qinghai 2 Chengdu and Xi?an 3 Liaoning
Ex. 3: 1 One week; One and a half million yuan; the moon
2 821kph; 1200; 842 km; 1 hr 11 minutes
3 A new lemon tree; can grow in cold countries; 7 years
Step 4 Checkpoint
Go through Checkpoint 17. Revise Noun Clauses, referring to the grammar notes at the back of the Students„ Book. Practise the useful expressions and deal with any language points that you or the Ss wish to raise.
Note: The Noun Clause structures practised in Book 2 are complex structures. In current English many of these structures are only occasionally used in careful writing
by educated native speakers. It is therefore not realistic to expect Ss to produce these structures orally or in writing. However, they should be given practice in completing sentences and making sentences from a table, as in the type of exercises included in
the textbooks.
Step 5 Test
Use this exercise on Noun Clauses. Get the Ss to write down 5 sentences from each of these two tables. If it is necessary, make one.
The reason why his voice was unknown.
sounded different
The idea why she refused surprised us.
his request
The news that the boy won was clear.
the gold medal
that my uncle
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made us sad.
was dead
that computers will surprises
recognize our voices everybody. I agree with that space travel
will be cheaper.
I don?t agree the opinion that nothing
with will change.
I don„t like the idea that computers will
control our lives.
I can understand the possibility that computers will
bility recognize our
voices.
I can?t understand that trains will
have no drivers.
Step 6 Writing
SB Page 30, Part 2. The aim of this activity is to check progress and to see whether the
Ss can write accurately about the future at the sentence level. Ask Ss for examples for
the first two sentences. Then get Ss to complete these sentences, either in class or for
homework. There are no fixed answers for this exercise.
Step 7 Writing
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SB Page 30, Part 3. The aim of this activity is to check progress and to see whether the Ss can write a connected paragraph on a given topic. They should also be able to organize their material into a logical sequence, and to join sentences together. Do as much preparation in class as you think necessary for your particular class. If your Ss need a lot of help, follow this procedure:
Ask for suggestions from the class and write their ideas on the Bb. Get Ss to practise
their paragraph orally in pairs, paying attention to ways in which they can link sentences together. Get the Ss to write the paragraph in their exercise books. Sample paragraph:
Our village, which has a population of 12;000 people, is close to a big river. In the
central part of the village there is a railway station. This is very convenient if we want to travel to the nearest big town to do some shopping. Outside the village there is a park by the river, where we often go in summer. In the evenings families sit on the
grass, while the children play, because it is too hot to stay inside.
Step 8 Workbook
Wb Lesson 68, Exx. 1 - 3.
Do the first sentence to show how to join a pair of sentences into one. Then get the Ss to practice in pairs. Check the answers with the class and write them down on the Bb. Translate them into Chinese making sure the Ss understand them. Do Ex. 2 in the same way as Ex. 1.Ex. 3 is a writing exercise. If there is no time, you may ask your Ss to do it later as revision work.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Finish writing the passage “My home village” or “My hometown”.
Do Ex. 2 as written work.
Unit 13 Albert Einstein 教案
一.教学目标
?单词和词组:
四会 go on with the First World War would wide right(n.) L.50 peace work out stick (vi.) stick to ruler L.51 course(n.) L.52 communist professor L.49
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三会 scientific darkness shy content lead to discovery L.50 cheque human right prove
bent respect leading sadness take sides(in) L.51 fuel advance advanced mathematics
education L.52 further education technical Albert Einstein Alexander Bell L.49 二会 the Nobel Prize bookmark L.50 Swiss Hitler Jew L.51 ?日常交际用语:
Is it…? No, it's not him/her Is he/she…?
Who is he/she? What did he do? It must be him/her
?语法:
学习名词性从句作语的用法。
二、重点与难点分析
第一部分:重点词组应用
1. be content with
You should be content with what you have.
Farmers are very content with their life at present.
He was very content to have this second-hand car.
2.lead to
Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
The test is bad because it leads to incorrect learning.
This idea in teaching might lead to a new method.
3.prove
In order to prove the servant's honesty she left a bag containing some money on the
table.
On the long journey he proved himself to be an amusing company. Perhaps this book will prove of some use to you in your studies.
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4.work out
We must work out a better method of saving paper. Mary worked out a beautiful design for a sweater.
He settled down at the desk to work out the difficult math problem. 5.stick to
If you stick to the truth, you have nothing to fear.
I stick to what I said yesterday.
He never sticks to anything for very long.
6.respect n./v
Children are taught to respect their parents and teachers. You should always show respect to old age.
If you don't respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 7.take sides(in/with)
Switzerland refused to take sides in the two World Wars. Everybody in the office takes sides in the argument. Despite my friendship with Frank, I tried not to take sides with him in his brother.
8.advance v./advanced adj.
I signed him to keep away, but he continued to advance. He was considered as an advanced worker.
May I advance my opinion on the matter?
He read widely among the most advanced thinkers of his age. 第二部分:课文难句分析
1.All through his life Einstein was content to spend most of his time alone, although
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he married twice and had lots of close friends.
虽然他结过两次婚，也有许多亲密的朋友，但是在他整个一生中，他愿意单独度过他的大部分时间。
Content在句中是形容词，意为:高兴;心满意足。可构成be content to do sth.或be content with sth.
He is never content with small success.他从不对微不足道的成功表示出满足。 After Mr. Black retired, he was content to live in the country.
布莱克先生退休后，心满意足地住在乡下。
Content还可用作及物动词，意为:使……满足。例如:
A quiet life and beautiful music contented Einstein.
安静的生活和美妙的音乐使爱因斯坦十分满足。
2.The period between 1905 and 1915was an important one for Einstein;he began the
research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics.
1905年到1915的这段时间，对爱因斯坦来说是一个重要的时期，他开始进行了使他在物理学方面获得新发现的研究工作。
Lead to 意为:引起;造成;导致。其中to是介词，后面接名词、代词或-ing形式。例如:
Different opinions among young people can sometimes lead to arguments。 有时，年轻人往往因不同观点引起争论。
3.It was said that he found in music the peace which was missing in a world full of
wars and killings.
据说，他在音乐中找到了平静，这种平静在一个充满战争与杀戮的世界上是没有的。
It is /was said+that clause 是一种常见的结构，意为:据说……，意思相当于People say/said+that clause.
在he found in music the peace中，表示地点的状语in music前置，放在动词found与宾语the peace之间，主要是为了使句子结构更紧凑，并使which was missing in
a world…这一定语从句能紧跟着它所修饰的先行词the peace.
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Full of意为:充满。在句中作定语，修饰前面的名词world.再如: People full of energy are fit for the job.精力充沛的人才适合干这项工作。 4.Such was Albert Einstein ,a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist. 爱因斯坦就是这样一个人，一个纯朴的人，一位20世纪最伟大的科学家。 句中such作代词，当such作代词时，多作主语，指上面说的情况。谓语动词根据情况采用单数或复数形式。
Such was the situation we were facing.这就是我们所面对的形势。 Such were his words! 这就是他所说的话。
5.He worked out just how much the light would be bent ;he could also work out how
far the stars would appear to have moved.
他计算出了光线将会弯曲的程度;他还能把恒星看上去移动了距离也计算出来。 短语动词work out表示“算出;解(题);估计出;制定;想出;理解;弄懂”等意义。例如:
The math problem is so difficult that nobody in our class can work it out. 这道数学题太难，我们班上没人算得出。
The area can easily be worked out if you know the length and breadth. 如果你知道其长度和宽度，这块地方的面积很快就能估计出来。 We must work out our plan as soon as possible.我们必须尽快制定我们的计划。 Tell me where you are going and I'll work out the nearest route.
告诉我你去哪儿，我给你想出最近的路线。
I can't work out the meaning of this poem.我弄不懂这首诗的意思。 Nobody can work out how the fire started.没人能搞清楚这场火是怎么着起来的。 6.But Einstein stuck to his opinion and went on with his research.
但是爱因斯坦坚持他的意见，继续不断地进行他的研究。
短语动词stick to 作“坚持(意见、看法、真理等)”解，有“执意不改变”(refuse
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to change)的含义。Stick to 中的to 是介词，后跟名词或代词。例如:
No matter what you say, I shall stick to my plan.不管你说什么，我会坚持我的计划。
If you stick to the truth, you have nothing to fear.如果你坚持真理，则没有什么可害
怕的。
I stick to what I said yesterday.我坚持我昨天所说过的话。
Stick to 还表示“坚持干某事”;“忠于;保持好关系”等。例如:
No matter what happens, Fred always sticks to his friends.无论发生什么事，弗雷德
都忠于朋友。
I'll stick to you through thick and thin.我将和你同甘苦，共患难。
高二 Unit 17 Life in the future
Lesson 65
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework exercises.
2 Ask the Ss a few random questions to revise future time and introduce the topic of the unit. For example: What lessons do you have this afternoon / tomorrow? Are you going to do anything special this evening? What do you think the weather will be like
tomorrow? What are you going to do on Saturday evening? Are you planning to do anything on Sunday?
Step 2 Presentation
SB Page 25, Part 1. Ask questions about the picture, and get Ss to tell you what they think is happening. Teach the new words majority, goods, industry. Read the introduction aloud.
Step 3 Reading
Say Now read the dialogue silently and find out this information: What is being planned at this company? Allow the Ss a few moments to carry out the task. Check the
answer. (A new factory may be built.) See if the Ss can guess the meaning of out of work.
Step 4 Dialogue
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Speech Cassette Lesson 65. Play the tape of the dialogue for the Ss to listen and follow. Go through the dialogue briefly and make sure the Ss understand it. Ask
questions like these: What are people at the company talking about? Who is going to make the decision? Why does the company need to build a new factory? What is the difficulty? Why do some people want the new factory to be built? Why are some people against the new factory? Explain that may have plans expresses uncertainty about the future. Play the tape again. This time the Ss listen and repeat. Then let the Ss practise the dialogue in pairs. You may wish to ask one pair to act the scene in front of
the class.
Notes:
a People have been talking of it a lot recently.:
Note the Present Perfect Continuous Tense to express an activity which started in the past and is still continuing.
b I simply don„t know. = I honestly don?t know.
c Right now = At this moment
d The problem is … it. = Finding land for building the new factory is a problem ( i.e. difficult).
e The majority of people = Most people
f a number of people = quite a lot of people
g out of work = do not have jobs
h But some people … built on. = Some people do not want them to build a factory on good farm land. Note the structure not want something to be done.
i I can see the problem. = I understand the problem.
j is likely to happen = will probably happen
k It„s quite likely: Quite emphasizes likely and increases the possibility.
Step 5 Practice
SB Page 25, Part 2. Demonstrate how to make sentences from the table, then get a few Ss to make example sentences. Then let the Ss do this exercise in pairs. At the end get Ss to write down 5 sentences from this table in their exercise books.
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Step 6 Workbook
Wb Lesson 65, Exx. 1 - 4.
After Ex. 1 is done orally, get the Ss to write the answers in their exercise books. Both Exx. 2 and 3 should be done in pairs first. Then check the answers with the class. Get Ss to translate the sentences into Chinese and ask them to think if they will be able
to put them back into English. Pay attention to the sentence structures.
When doing Ex. 4, warn the Ss not to do word for word translation. Special attention
should be paid to the sentence patterns and word order.
Step 7 Consolidation
With a good class you can give the Ss the following phrases and get them to make up
a dialogue. Write these phrases on the Bb.
I believe you?re right.
What are the problems then?
What do you think is likely to happen?
Write them up on the Bb and demonstrate with a good S how it is possible to make up
a dialogue.
A: I think the company will buy more land.
B: I believe you„re right.
A: But it isn?t likely that the manager will make a decision soon.
B: What are the problems then?
With an ordinary class, just practise the dialogue in Part 1 again.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Do Ex. 1 and part of Ex. 4 as written work.
Lesson 66
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Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework exercises.
2 Revise the dialogue in Lesson 65, paying special attention to intonation.
Step 2 Presentation
SB Page 26, Part 1. Teach the new words videophone, fax machine by showing the class a picture or a Bb drawing, or by translation. Read aloud the question at the head
of the text. Then say Read the passage and tick those subjects that are mentioned in the text. Allow the Ss enough time to read the text and compare their answers.
Answers: All the subjects are mentioned in the text.
Step 3 Reading
Wb Lesson 66, Ex. 1. Go through the exercise and make sure the Ss know what to do. Let them read the whole passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question, working in pairs or small groups. Check the answers with the whole class. This is a good time to deal with any language problems. See if the Ss can guess the meaning of new vocabulary such as central, convenient, transport, etc.
Notes:
a Throughout the world = all over the world
b more and more = increasingly
c glasshouses = structures of metal frames and glass that are used for the growing of
flowers and vegetables, particularly in colder countries.
d It is possible … 1?.: For example, by raising the temperature, you will increase your heating costs. But you might also increase the yield of your crop. If the extra
revenue is greater than the extra costs, then you turn the heating up!
e Lights will go off: Lights will be switched off when an automatic sensing device notices that a room is unoccupied.
f The idea … many people. = Many people are surprised by the idea that computers
can recognize human voices.
g to work out = to calculate
h to work out the best distance between trains. = to work out the safe distance between trains travelling in the same direction along the track. Computers also control the
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signalling for these trains.
i In the fields of = In the areas of
j It is possible … printed.: Note the structure have something done.
k programs: A program for a computer is spelt -am; programmes for theatres and TV
are spelt -amme.
l worldwide: an adjective or adverb
m The next step is to search = The next thing which you can do is search
Step 4 Reading aloud
Speech Cassette Lesson 66. Play the tape of the passage for the Ss to listen and follow. Play the tape of part of the dialogue once more; this time the Ss listen and repeat. Pay
attention to the sentence stress of longer sentences.
Step 5 Word study
SB Page 27, Part 2.
Note: This part not only covers new vocabulary in the text, but it also provides Ss with more examples of Noun Clauses, the focal structure of the unit. Spend a little
time on highlighting this structure to Ss before they begin to have this practice. Say Look at the first few sentences carefully.
Number 1: The possibility was not mentioned. Which possibility? The possibility that people would have to ____rooms.
Number 2: The answer was not true. Which answer? The answer that the ____ had not been received.
Number 3: The belief was proved in the research. Which belief? The belief that people find it more ___ to shop on Sundays.
Then get the Ss to do this exercise individually, checking their answers in pairs at the end. Note the spelling of well known:
This is well known. (Predicative)
It is a well-known fact. (Attributive)
Answers:
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1 share 2 goods 3 convenient 4 industry 5 majority 6 voice 7 central 8 skill 9 labour 10 mail
Step 6 Workbook
Wb Lesson 66, Ex. 2 helps the Ss to learn how to use some of the new words.
Checking the answers, you may get the Ss to translate the sentences into Chinese.
Note the inverted order of the first sentence.
Step 7 Consolidation
SB Page 27, Part 3. Do this note-making exercise either in class or for homework. The
aim is to get the Ss to read the text again closely and extract the relevant information.
Get the Ss to check their notes in pairs when they have completed this activity.
Answers:
AREA USE
Farms control the growing conditions
of plants
Banks change money; pay bills
Houses central computer to
control heating and hot
water recognize someone„s voice
Transport work out the best distance
between trains operate trains
Education store texts
Health and research keep information records
Industry
Homework
Read the passage again and complete the notes in Part 3.
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Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Lesson 67
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework exercises.
2 Ask the Ss to tell each other ten ways in which computers will be used in the future (books shut). Then ask pairs to tell the rest of the class. Write this information up on the Bb in note form.
Step 2 Preparation for reading
SB Page 28, Part 1. Get the Ss to talk about the picture. Ask Do you think it?s necessary for the young lady to buy so many clothes? What do you think of the meal these people are having? Is it very expensive or just ordinary? Let them speak out their
views. Tell the Ss Today we„re going to read another text about the future. But this writer has different opinions. Read the passage quickly to find the answer to this question: What three things does the writer suggest in this text? (Spend less money;
look after your health better; use less energy.)
Step 3 Reading
Now let the Ss read the passage carefully. Go through it with the Ss. Ask some questions: What is wrong with new possessions? How much energy does the USA use? What percent of the world?s population does it have? Deal with any language problems.
Notes:
a new possessions that they do not need: for example, goods for the house, extra clothes, luxury goods, etc.
b a waste of: Point out the use of waste of in this expression
c Many people, both young and old, are against this expensive way of life. = Many young and old people do not agree with this way of living.
d the basic needs of the world„s population should be satisfied = the basic needs should be provided for
e Possibly ... it is now. = At present some countries are much wealthier than others. It is possible that in future the wealth will be distributed more equally.
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f Take health for example. = Consider health for example.
g They do this: refers to the previous sentence
h An electric hair drier blows out hot air so that you can dry your hair more quickly after washing it.
Step 4 Discussion
SB Page 28, Part 2. Prepare for this discussion by writing these phrases on the Bb, which were practised in Lesson 65.
will (not)
may (not)
is (not) likely to
It is possible that ... will (not)
It is (not) likely that ... will (not)
Put the class into groups of four. Join a good group and demonstrate how you can discuss the first question, using the phrases on the Bb. Develop the discussion so that
people do not just make isolated sentences, but agree or disagree with each other and give reasons for their opinions.
Step 5 Language study
SB Page 29, Part 3. Highlight the structure of the example sentences in the same way as you did in Lesson 66, Step 5. Say Books open. Sentence 1. The idea surprises many people. Which idea? The idea that computers Will recognize human voices. Sentence 2. The possibility is often discussed. Which possibility? The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home.
Read through the example sentences and get the students to translate them into Chinese.
Step 6 Practice
SB Page 29, Part 4. Explain that Ss have to translate the part in Chinese into English. In order to make sure that every S has to make an effort, get Ss to write out their
translations individually in their exercise books. They can then check them in pairs.
Answers:
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that the majority had voted for the plan/programme
that the meeting was delayed/would be delayed
that the transport of the goods cost too much
that the drawings had arrived by mail
that the company will make a greater effort
that the prices of cars will go down
Step 7 Practice
SB Page 29, Part 5. Explain to the Ss that when they have completed this word puzzle,
they will discover ten hidden words that run either vertically or horizontally. Make
sure that they search the texts for the words rather than refer to the list of new words at
the back of the SB. Get Ss to do as much as they can individually. Then at the end
they can help each other to complete the puzzle.
Answers:
Step 8 Workbook
Wb Lesson 67, Exx. 1 - 3.
For Ex. 1, the Ss are required to form questions with the given words first and then do questions and answers in pairs. Finally check the answers with the class.
For Ex. 2, let the Ss work individually first. Then get them to complete the sentences
and put them into Chinese.
If there is time, take up Ex. 3.
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Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Write down the questions in Ex. 1.
Lesson 68
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework exercises.
2 Get the Ss to tell each other ten things that they think will/may/may not happen in the future. To prepare for this, write the phrases on the Bb that you used in Lesson 67, Step 4. Remind them of the topics which they discussed in groups in Lesson 67, Part 2. When they havefinished, get pairs of Ss to tell you one thing each. Write them on the Bb in complete sentence form, asking for any corrections that are necessary as you do this. When you have finished, get the Ss to copy these sentences into their exercise books.
Step 2 Preparation for listening
SB Page 30, Part 1. Wb Listening, Unit 17. Tell the Ss This whole unit has been about
the future. Now we?re going to listen to a news broadcast for the year 2035. Then read the introduction aloud. Read aloud the task in Ex. 1 and make sure the Ss understand what to do.
Step 3 Listening
Listening Cassette Unit 17. Do each exercise in turn. Play the tape, then let Ss discuss their answers in pairs. Play the tape again if necessary, then check the answers with the whole class.
Listening Text
You are going to listen to a news broadcast for Saturday, the 14th of April, 2035.
There are three news stories.
Here is the news for Saturday, the 14th of April.
The first group of Chinese tourists have returned from the moon. A group of 25 tourists landed last night at the Space Research Centre in Qinghai Province. They had been in space for one week. Their trip included a visit to three different places on the moon. Each of the tourists paid one and a half million yuanfor the trip.
A new speed record has been set for the underground railway that joins Chengdu and
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Xi„an. The railway was completed last year. Yesterday a train reached a speed of 821 kilometres per hour. The train was carrying 1,200 passengers. The journey of 842 kilometres took one hour and eleven minutes.
A new type of lemon tree for cold countries has been developed by the Agricultural
Research Service of Liaoning Province, where research work has been going on for seven years. The new lemon tree will be grown in cold parts of China. Normal lemon trees are killed when the temperature falls below 0? Centigrade.
Answers:
Ex. 1: agriculture, tourism, transport
Ex. 2: 1 Qinghai 2 Chengdu and Xi?an 3 Liaoning
Ex. 3: 1 One week; One and a half million yuan; the moon
2 821kph; 1200; 842 km; 1 hr 11 minutes
3 A new lemon tree; can grow in cold countries; 7 years
Step 4 Checkpoint
Go through Checkpoint 17. Revise Noun Clauses, referring to the grammar notes at the back of the Students„ Book. Practise the useful expressions and deal with any language points that you or the Ss wish to raise.
Note: The Noun Clause structures practised in Book 2 are complex structures. In
current English many of these structures are only occasionally used in careful writing by educated native speakers. It is therefore not realistic to expect Ss to produce these structures orally or in writing. However, they should be given practice in completing sentences and making sentences from a table, as in the type of exercises included in the textbooks.
Step 5 Test
Use this exercise on Noun Clauses. Get the Ss to write down 5 sentences from each of these two tables. If it is necessary, make one.
The reason why his voice was unknown.
sounded different
The idea why she refused surprised us.
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his request
The news that the boy won was clear.
the gold medal
that my uncle
made us sad.
was dead
that computers will surprises
recognize our voices everybody. I agree with that space travel
will be cheaper.
I don?t agree the opinion that nothing with will change.
I don„t like the idea that computers will
control our lives.
I can understand the possibility that computers will
bility recognize our
voices.
I can?t understand that trains will
have no drivers.
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Step 6 Writing
SB Page 30, Part 2. The aim of this activity is to check progress and to see whether the Ss can write accurately about the future at the sentence level. Ask Ss for examples for the first two sentences. Then get Ss to complete these sentences, either in class or for
homework. There are no fixed answers for this exercise.
Step 7 Writing
SB Page 30, Part 3. The aim of this activity is to check progress and to see whether the Ss can write a connected paragraph on a given topic. They should also be able to
organize their material into a logical sequence, and to join sentences together. Do as much preparation in class as you think necessary for your particular class. If your Ss need a lot of help, follow this procedure:
Ask for suggestions from the class and write their ideas on the Bb. Get Ss to practise their paragraph orally in pairs, paying attention to ways in which they can link sentences together. Get the Ss to write the paragraph in their exercise books. Sample paragraph:
Our village, which has a population of 12;000 people, is close to a big river. In the central part of the village there is a railway station. This is very convenient if we want to travel to the nearest big town to do some shopping. Outside the village there is a park by the river, where we often go in summer. In the evenings families sit on the grass, while the children play, because it is too hot to stay inside.
Step 8 Workbook
Wb Lesson 68, Exx. 1 - 3.
Do the first sentence to show how to join a pair of sentences into one. Then get the Ss
to practise in pairs. Check the answers with the class and write them down on the Bb. Translate them into Chinese making sure the Ss understand them.Do Ex. 2 in the same way as Ex. 1.Ex. 3 is a writing exercise. If there is no time, you may ask your Ss to do
it later as revision work.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Finish writing the passage “My home village” or “My hometown”.
Do Ex. 2 as written work.
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高三 Unit 19 New Zealand
Lesson 73
Step 1 Revision
Check the homework exercises.
Step 2 Presentation
SB Page 37, Part 1. Find out how much the Ss know about New Zealand by asking a few rapid questions around the class.
Where is New Zealand? (East of Australia.)
How many islands is New Zealand made up of?
(Two large ones.)
What is the capital? (Wellington.)
What money is used in New Zealand? (NZ dollar.)
Name one sailor who landed on New Zealand several centuries ago. (Captain Cook.)
Introduce the new word Maori. Ask Ss where they think the Maori came from, but do
not give them the answer. Note that the plural form of Maori is the same as the singular form.
Step 3 Reading for general understanding
Read aloud the two general comprehension questions. Allow the Ss enough time to read the text and write down the answers. Put them in pairs to discuss their answers, then check the answers with the class. (1 Polynesia/Oceania and Europe, mainly Britain. 2 Kindergartens, customs, way of life, the marae, the meeting house, family life, special days — huis, weddings, conferences, deaths and burials.)
Step 4 Reading
SB Page 38, Part 4. Let the Ss read the whole passage carefully again and answer the questions, working in pairs or small groups. Check the answers with the whole class. Answers:
1 Maori history was handed down from one generation to another.
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2 They brought diseases; the settlers fought the Maori over land rights.
3 Maori are encouraged to use their own language; there are Maori kindergartens; Maori as a language is taught in many schools and universities; you can study Maori
studies at university.
4 Family life continues to be important; they meet at the marae; they teach children how to behave at the marae; they have huis.
Notes:
a Aotearoa: pronounced / au„ tearoa /
b Oceania: the name for the collection of about 25,000 islands in the Pacific away
from the Asian mainland. It is divided into Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia.
c the sweet potato: this is not related to the potato. The sweet potato is a native of the New World tropics, as opposed to the potato which prefers a temperate climate. The
sweet potato is the most important of all the tropical root crops, and is rich in vitamin A.
d settled = built their homes in
e kindergartens: from the German for children (Kinder) and garden (Garten). The
kindergarten system of infant education was designed by Friedrich Froebel in 1837.
f the spirit = the spirit of the dead person, which is believed to continue living after that person?s death
g share their memories of the dead person = talk about their memories of the dead
person, the things they did, the conversations they had together, etc.
Step 5 Reading aloud
Speech Cassette Lesson 73. Play the tape of the passage for the Ss to listen and follow. Play the tape of part of the passage once more; this time the Ss listen and repeat. Pay
attention to stress and intonation, and the sentence stress of longer sentences.
Step 6 Reference
SB Page 38, Part 2. Get the Ss to do this exercise
in class or for homework.
Answers:
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1 Polynesia
2 Aotearoa
3 New Zealand
4 Europeans (mainly British)
5 battles between the settlers and the Maori over land rights
6 New Zealand‘s
7 Maori families
8 the marae
9 Maori children
10 the three days following the death of someone
Step 7 Note making
SB Page 38, Part 3. Get Ss to do this exercise individually, so that every S has to make an effort to re-read the text and extract the relevant information. If it is done in class,
get Ss to check their notes afterwards in pairs. Alternatively, if you wish, you can set this exercise for homework. In that case, get Ss to check their notes in pairs at the beginning of the next lesson.
Suggested notes:
Maori name of the country: Aotearoa Maori name of the meeting place: marae
Maori name of a special day: hui Date when the first person arrived: 950 Areas
where settlers came from: Europe (mainly Britain), Oceania
Step 8 Workbook
Wb Lesson 73, Exx. 1 - 2. Get the Ss to do Ex. 1 individually so that everyone will
revise the text and make an effort. Then call out some Ss to read the complete
sentences. For Ex. 2, draw a map of the world on the Bb or use an OHT(overhead transparency) to show the map. Then get Ss to put the names of oceans and continents in the right places. Make sure that the Ss know how to pronounce the names correctly.
Homework
Read the passage again. Tell Ss to complete the notes in Part 3, and do Part 4 if these
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tasks have not been completed in class.
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
If you like, you can ask the Ss to look in the school library for some more information about New Zealand and to tell the class about it next lesson.
高三 Unit 4 Lesson 16
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework exercises.
2 Write these nouns on the Bb and ask Ss to write down the irregular plurals:
policeman child person goose mouse ox (policemen children people geese mice oxen)
Step 2 Preparation for listening
SB Page 24, Part 1. Wb Listening, Unit 6. Tell the Ss We‘re going to listen to an interview about food crops. Then read the introduction aloud and read through the
question in Ex. 1 and make sure the Ss understand what to do.
Step 3 Listening
Listening Cassette Unit 4. Do each exercise in turn. Play the tape, then let Ss discuss
their answers in pairs. Play the tape again if necessary, then check the answers with
the whole class.
Listening Text
Feed the world
A food scientist is discussing the main types of
food crops. (S = Scientist; I = Interviewer)
I: One of the most important food crops in the world of course is rice. Why is it so
important?
S: Well, for one thing, everyone can eat it, and it?s suitable for sick people and young
children.
I: Is it grown all over the world?
S: No. It needs a hot climate and lots of water. So it can„t be grown in cold countries
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or where there is little water. But where the conditions are right, you can grow three
rice crops in a year.
I: Can you live on rice alone?
S: No. It doesn?t contain all the foods a body needs to stay healthy. Also it„s better to eat the whole grain, but in many parts of the wond it?s the custom to remove the
brown outside part of the grain.
I: What about the potato?
S: Well, the potato is a very good food for the human body. So you could live for six months just by eating potatoes. In a year, you would also need to eat a little fat and some fresh fruit to stay healthy.
I: Where are potatoes grown?
S: They can be grown in cold countries, like the north of Europe and up in the mountains of South America, where the potato came from.
I: What about bread?
S: Bread can be made from different grains. It„s an important food in the north of
Europe where it?s cold but also in the Middle East. It„s a very good food, but you need to eat other foods like fresh fruit and vegetables to stay healthy.
I: Are there any other foods we haven?t mentioned?
S: Yes, there„s Indian corn. This came from America, but is now a very important crop all over the world. You need a warm sunny climate to grow maize, but it doesn?t need as much water as rice. Mind you, if you water your maize, you will get a better crop.
I: And we haven„t mentioned noodles.
S: No. Very important! Noodles and pasta are both made from a type of hard grain. The grain is turned into a powder, mixed with water and then formed into different shapes. In Asia and the Middle East these are called noodles and in Italy these are
called pasta.
Answers:
Exx. 1-3:
FOOD CROP GROWING CONDITIONS
rice rice a hot climate and lots of water
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potato potato cold countries
bread grains cold countries, the Middle East
corn corn warm, sunny climate; needs less water than rice noodles hard grain
a type of
pasta
Ex.4: 1 2 Correct
3 Brown rice (the whole grain) is healthier than white rice.
456 Correct
7 Noodles are eaten in the Middle East and pasta is eaten in Italy. Step 4 Checkpoint
Go through Checkpoint 6. Revise Noun Clauses. Practise the useful expressions and
deal with any language points that you or the Ss wish to raise. Step 5 Test
Give Ss the following test on Noun Clauses. Get the Ss to write down five correct
sentences using the tables below:
The problem is who they are going to pay for the goats. The question was where they wanted to keep geese.
where they are going to sell in their cafe.
what he wants to become a butcher or a farmer.
why/how ruined their tractor. It is clear that it costs a lot of money to keep fish. It is true that we shall sell the cows for a lot of money. It is not true that goats damage young trees.
It is likely that anyone will want to buy that hilly farmland. It is unlikely that the cost of food is rising every year. Step 6 Word study
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SB Page 24, Part 2. Teach the new word spoon, preferably by showing the object, or
alternatively with a picture or Bb drawing. Then get the Ss to do this exercise individually. Check the answers at the end. Answers:
1 Wipe 2 mice 3 mountainous 4 filled 5 oxen 6 damp 7 jar 8 celebrate 9 Geese 10 ruined
Step 7 Writing
SB Page 24, Part 3. Read out this sample version while Ss follow in their books so that they can see how to put the phrases together.
China has only 7% of the world?s land, but successfully feeds 22% of the world„s /
world population. It has the largest irrigated area of farmland in the world and grows more than a third of the rice crop. Fish farming is also important. Fresh-water fish can
be produced locally wherever you live. Vegetable waste is used to feed pigs and chickens. Gas is produced from human and animal waste and is used for heating and cooking. In a word, if the rest of the world had fair ownership of land like China, there
would be no more starvation.
Then let them practice orally in groups of four. Finally get them to write their paragraphs either in class or for homework.
Step 8 Workbook
Wb Lesson 16, Exx. 1-3.
The aim of Ex. 1 is to get the Ss to make another effort to consolidate the text. Do this
exercise in the same procedure as Step 7 in TB Lesson 23. Encourage the Ss to talk more freely.
For Ex. 2, the Ss should go over the sentences and get the meaning clear. Do this exercise in pairs fast, then with the whole class.
Ask the Ss to read aloud the sentences in Ex. 3 and put them into Chinese. If there is time, ask them to translate the Chinese into English.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises. Finish the paragraph about agriculture in China.
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Unit17 Nature 自然 【同步教育信息】
一. 本周教学内容:
Unit 17 Nature 自然
二. 教学重点:
1. 词组，词汇，句型
nature, common, alive, increase, similar, deer, do research, at present, year, by year It is hoped
that + 从句。
2. 语法
现在进行时的被动语态
3. 日常用语
关于旅行和为野生动物保护筹集资金的用语
(1)Why are you making this journey?
(2)We are trying to collect the money for a wildlife project. (3)What is the purpose of your new project?
(4)That sounds a great idea.
(5)Good luck with your trip!
三. 重难点解释:
1. Four people are planning a bicycle trip.
四个人正在计划骑自行车旅游。
Why are you making the journey?
你们为什么进行这次旅游,
trip, journey和travel的区别
trip:a journey from one place to another, 指短途旅行 journey:a trip of some distance, usually by land 指陆地旅行 travel:a long distance journey 指长途的特别是海外的旅行 与trip和journey搭配的动词有make, take或go on, 例如: make/take/go on a trip/journey to Venice到威尼斯去旅行。 2. We are trying to collect money for a wildlife project. 我们正在努力为一项野生动物保护计划筹资金。 to collect money for…
为……筹集资金，为……募捐
The Red Cross has collected over 300,000 yuan for the hospital. 红十字会已经为这家医院筹集30多万元。
3. There?s a very important Chinese deer called the milu deer. 有一种非常重要的中国鹿，叫麋鹿。
(1)句中called the milu deer是过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句，修饰Chinese deer。
(2)deer n. 鹿，单、复数同形。英语有些词是单、复数同形的。如:sheep 羊，fish鱼，
Chinese中国人，Japanese日本人等。但fish可以有复数形式fishes，表示不同种类的鱼。
4. We want to give some money to this project so that the number of these deer in China can be
increased.
我们要把一些钱投向这项计划以使中国这些麋鹿的数量能够得到增长。
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(1)这是一个主从复合句。主句是We want to give some money to this project，从句是so that引导的目的状语从句。在目的状语从句中，带有can, could, may, might等情态动词。如:We get up early so that we can catch the early bus.
我们起得早，以便能赶上早班车。
(2)the number of…数目;数量。这个词组做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如: The number of private colleges has increased.
私立大学的数目已增加。
(3)a number of:许多，后接复数名词或代词，表示量大，修饰可数名词。例如: I?ve seen the movie a number of times.
那部电影我已看过多次了。
5. …their number increased year by year.
他们的数量逐年增加。
(1)increase vi, vt:make or become larger in number 增加，增多
The population of this town increased five percent last year.
去年这个城镇的人口增加了5个百分点。
He suddenly increased the speed of the car.
他突然加快车速。
(2)increase作名词时重音在第一个音节上[?inkri:s ];作动词时，重音在第二个音节上[in?kri:s]
(3)year by year:year after year年年
The number increases year by year.数量逐年上升。
类似的词组有:day by day 天天，one by one一个接一个;side by side肩并肩;shoulder by shoulder肩并肩;little by little逐渐地。
6. Until recently, the only milu deer alive in the world belonged to the Duke of Bedford in
England.
直到不久前，世界上仅有的活着的麋鹿是属英国贝德福公爵所有。
(1)until/ till(一直到……为止)可作介词或连词。作介词时，后面常跟名词构成介词短语，用作时间状语;作连词时，引导一个时间状语从句。例如:
He worked until/ till midnight.
他一直工作到午夜。
Let?s wait until/ till the rain stops.
让我们等雨停吧～
[注]until 较till正式，句子置于句首时，多用until。
(2)until/ till 常用于否定句，表示“在……以前”，与before意思相同。 常见句型为:It was not until that…:直到……才……(常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用)例如:
It was not until today that it was made publicly.
那件事直到今天才被公布出来。
7. Scientists are keeping a sick milu deer alive at the center.
科学家们正在该中心喂养一头生病的麋鹿。
(1)alive adj.:have life; not dead 活着的;活的，它是表语形容词，常作表语，也可作后置定语。类似的形容词还有:alone, ill, afraid, awake等，Who?s the greatest man alive?
谁是当今最伟大的人,
(2)living和live[laiv]adj. 作“活着的”;“在世的”解。living即可作定语修饰人或物，也
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可作表语。live只用于物，放在名词前作定语。例如:
The injured man is living.
这负伤的人还活着。
That?s a live bird.
那是一只活鸟。
8. At present, the biggest nature park for milu deer in Chian is the Nanhaizi Milu Park, which is
about 20 kilometers south of Beijing.
目前，中国最大的放养麋鹿的天然公园是位于北京以南20公里的南海子麋鹿园。 (1)这是一个复合句。主句是“the biggest…the Nanhaizi Milu Park”。后面由which引导的一个非限定性定语从句，修饰Park.
(2)at present:now; at this time 现在，目前。例如:
I?m free at present.
现在我有空。
9. At all these centers it is hoped that one day they will have enough animals to set them free
and let them live in the wild again.
在这些研究中心，人们希望有一天他们会有足够的麋鹿可以放回去，让它们重新回到野外生活。
(1)It is hoped that…中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that-clause, 相当于“People hope that…”例如:It?s hoped that the flood will be controlled soon. =People hope that the flood
will be controlled soon.
人们希望洪水会很快得到控制。
(2)类似的结构还有:
It is said that… 据说……
It is believed that… 人们相信……
It is reported that… 据报道……
It is supposed that… 据认为……
(3)set+sb./ sth. free 释放;给某人自由，例如:
They set all the prisoners free.
他们把所有的囚犯都释放出来了。
10. Since then the number of milu deer there has greatly increased.
从那以后，那儿的麋鹿的数量已经大大增加了。
since then “从那时起到现在”，句子用完成时。例如:
Things have not changed very much since then.
从那时起，情况并没有太大的改变。
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