2007专八真题点评(王长喜0

学英语找长喜页眉写“2007真 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 点评”PARTⅠLISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONSECTIONAMINI-LECTURE左栏WhatCanWeLearnfromArt?I.IntroductionA.Differencesbetweengeneralhistoryandarthistory——Focus——generalhistory：(1)politics,economics,war——arthistory:politicalvalues,emotions,everydaylife,etc.B.SignificanceofstudyMoreinformationandbetterunderstandingofhumansocietyandcivilization.Ⅱ. TypesofinformationA.Informationinhistorybookis(2)objective——facts,butnoopinions.B.Informationinarthistoryissubjective——(3)personalemotionsandopinionse.g.—Spanishpainters’works:misuseofgovernmentalpower—Mexicanartists’works:attitudestowardssocialproblemsⅢ.ArtasareflectionofreligiousbeliefsA.Europe:(4)biblicalstories​​​inpicturesinchurchesB.MiddleEast:picturesofflowersandpatternsinmosques,palacesReason:humanand(5)animalimages​arenotseenasholyC.AfricaandthePacificIslands:Masks,headdressesandcostumesinspecialceremoniesPurpose:toseekthehelpof(6)Godstoprotectcrops,animalsandpeopleⅣ.PerceptionsofArtHowpeopleseeartisrelatedtotheirculturalbackgroundA.EuropeansandAmericans—(7)decoration—expressionofideasB.Peopleinotherplaces—partofeverydaylife—(8)practicaluseⅤ.ArtasareflectionofsocialchangesA.Causeofchanges:(9)influence/interactionofdifferentculturesB.Changes—tribalpeople:effectsof(10)urbanizationonartforms—Europeanartists:influenceofAfricantraditionalartintheirworks—AmericanandCanadianartists:studyofJapanesepainting.中间Goodmorning,today’slectureistheveryfirstofaseriesoflecturesonarthistory,soI’dliketospendsometimediscussingwithyouthefollowingtopic:Whydoweneedtostudyarthistory?Andwhatcanwelearnfromit?Firstofall,I’dsay,ifyoustudyarthistory,thismightbeagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutaculturethanit’spossibletolearningeneralhistoryclasses.Youknow,(1)mosttypicalhistorycoursesconcentrateonpolitics,economicsandwar,butarthistoryfocusesonmuchmorethanthis.Becauseartreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,butalsotheirreligiousbeliefs,emotionsetc.Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestorscanbeprovidedbyart,likewhatpeopledidforaliving,whatkindofdresstheywore,whatceremoniestheyheldetc.Inshort,artcanexpresstheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace,andthestudyofitclearlyoffersusadeeperunderstandingthancanbefoundinmosthistorybooksandenablesustolearnmorethingsabouthumansocietyandcivilization.ThesecondpointI’dliketomakeisaboutthetypeofinformation.(2)Inhistorybooks,informationisobjective,thatis,factsaboutpoliticaleconomiclifeofacountryaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed.Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective.(3)Itreflectspersonalemotionsandopinions.Forexample,FranciscoGoyawasagreatSpanishpainterandalsoperhapsthefirsttrulypoliticalartist.Inhisfamouspainting,TheThirdofMay1808,heshowedsoldiersshootingagroupofsimplepeople.Hisdescriptionofsoldiersandtheirvictimshasbecomeasymboloftheenormouspowerorthemisuseofthispowerthatthegovernmentcanhaveoveritspeople.Over100yearslater,onanothercontinent,thepowerfulpaintingsofMexicanartistsdepictedtheirdeepangerandsadnessaboutsocialproblems.Insummary,throughartyoucanfindapersonalandemotionalviewofhistory.Thirdly,artcanreflectaculture’sreligiousbeliefs.ForhundredsofyearsinEurope,religiousartwasalmosttheonlytypeofartthatexisted.(4)ChurchesandotherreligiousbuildingswerefilledwithpaintingsthatshowedpeopleandstoriesfromtheBible.(5)Bycontrast,oneofthemaincharacteristicsofartintheMiddleEastwas(andstillis),itsabsenceofhumanandanimalimages.ThisreflectstheIslamicbeliefthattheseimagesareunholy.Thus,onpalaces,mosquesandotherbuildings,Islamicartistshavecreateduniquedecorationofgreatbeautywithimagesofflowersofgeometricforms,forexample,circles,squaresandtriangles.Thesameistrueofotherplaces,likeAfricaandPacificIslands.Artalsoreflectsthereligiousbeliefsoftraditionalculturesintheseplaces.Asamatteroffact,religionisthepurposeforthisartandit’s,therefore,absolutelyessentialtoit.TraditionalartinAfricaandPacificIslandsisdifferentfromChristianart.Christianartinfluencespeople’sreligiousfeelingstowardsGod.(6)ButthegoaloftraditionalartinAfricaandPacificIslandsistheinfluenceofspiritualpowers,thatisgodstoenterpeople’slives.Eachtribeorvillagetherehadspecialceremonieswithsongsanddancestomakesurethatcrops,animalsandpeoplearehealthyandincreasinginnumber.Thedancersintheceremonieswearmasks,headdressesandcostumesthattheybelievearenecessarytoinfluencegods.Sothesemasks,headdressesthemselves,arerevelrypartoftheart.Aswesaid,artdependsonculture,differentformsofartresultfromdifferentcultures.Similarly,thewaythatpeopleviewartalsodependsontheirculturalbackground.Thisismyfourthpoint.(7)FormostEuropeansandAmericans,artismainlyfordecoration.Itissomethingonamuseumwallorinaglasscase.Itmakestheirhomesmoreattractive.Peoplelookatitandadmireit:“Oh,whatabeautifulpainting!”Besides,ideasareexpressedinthisart.Thisisawonderfulstatue,andadmiringit,Imightsay:“Itmakessuchastronganti-warstatement.”Butinotherplaces,artisnotconsideredtobeseparatedfromeverydayexistence.(8)Ithasafunction,ithasapracticalroletoplayinpeople’slives.Apersoninatribalsocietymightlookatamaskandsay:“Oh,thisisagoodmask.Itwouldkeepmyhousesafe.”Inbrief,thewayinwhichpeopleenjoyorappreciateartdependsontheirculture.Toconcludemylecture,wecansaythatartisareflectionofvariouscultures.(9)Butatthesametime,wehavetorememberthatartalsoreflectsthechangesinsocietythattakeplacewhendifferentculturesinfluenceoneanother.(10)Aspeoplefromtribalsocietiesmovetourbanareas,theirvaluesandbeliefschangeaccordinglyandtheirtraditionalartformsbegintolosetheirfunction.Atthesametime,urbanartistsbegintolearnalotfromtraditionalart.Forexample,AfricanmasksandfigureshadagreatinfluenceonPicasso’sworks.AndmanyAmericanandCanadianartistsstudythesimplicityofJapanesepainting.Theresultisthatastheworldgetssmaller,theartofeachculturebecomesmoreinternational.OK,thisbringsustotheendofourlecture.Ihopethataftertoday’slecture,you’llunderstandbetterthesignificanceofthestudyofarthistory.Artenablesustoknowmoreabouthumanhistory,forexample,people’sviewsandopinionsaboutcertainhistoricalevents,andwhat’smoreimportant,aboutdifferentcultures,theirreligiousbeliefs,perceptionofartetc.右栏1.信息辨认【解析】本题涉及普通历史与艺术史在主要内容上的区别，这在讲座一开始就被提到。原文提到普通历史主要涉及politics,economicsandwar，而艺术史涉及的内容不止于此。根据要求，填入的单词不能超过3个，故 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 为politics,economics,war。原句中的mosttypicalhistorycourses即指generalhistory。2.信息辨认【解析】文章在讲了普通历史与艺术史在主要内容上的差异之后，接着介绍两者所提供信息的不同。根据Informationinarthistoryissubjective可推测本空填objective。录音中的Inhistorybooks,informationisobjective印证了推测。3.信息辨认【解析】演讲者在阐述艺术史信息是主观的(Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective.)时，用了这句话Itreflectspersonalemotionsandopinions.来说明。因此空白处应填personalemotions。4.信息转述【解析】本题所在处针对艺术反映宗教信仰进行具体说明。讲座中首先提到欧洲几百年来唯一存在的一种艺术是宗教艺术，教堂和其他宗教建筑物里挂满了来自圣经的人物和故事的图画。根据考题不多于3个字的要求，将原句中的peopleandstoriesfromtheBible转化为biblicalstories。5.信息辨认【解析】讲座接着谈到在中东，艺术是如何反映宗教信仰的：中东地区艺术的主要特征之一是艺术作品中没有人类和动物形象，这是因为伊斯兰教认为这些图像是亵渎神明的。“这些图像”即指人类和动物形象，因此空缺处应填入animalimages。6.信息推断【解析】在提及中东的艺术之后，演讲者又提到非洲和太平洋群岛地区传统艺术的目的：让众神进入人们的生活(thegoaloftraditionalart…isgodstoenterpeople’slives)，随后对该点进行说明：每个部落或村落都有一些特殊仪式，在这些仪式上，人们穿着特殊服装载歌载舞以感化众神，确保庄稼、动物和人类健康、壮大。综合而言答案为Gods。7.信息辨认【解析】演讲者第四点内容说的是人们对待艺术的方式取决于人们的文化背景。演讲者首先提到“对于大多数欧洲人和美国人来说，艺术主要用于装饰。再者艺术用于 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达思想。”故本空应填decoration。8.信息辨认【解析】演讲者接下来提到“在其他地区，艺术与日常生活不可分割。艺术在人们的生活中有实用功能(hasapracticalroletoplay)。”因此答案为practical。9.信息转述【解析】演讲者最后 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 出艺术是不同文化的体现。紧接着又指出艺术也反映了社会变化，这种变化是随着不同文化之间相互影响而发生的。因而空缺处填influence或interaction。10.信息推断【解析】文章在阐释不同文化相互影响带来变化时给出具体例证：部落人搬到都市之后，他们的价值观和信仰随之改变，传统的艺术形式失去作用，由此推断，都市化进程对原始部落的艺术形式有影响，因此空白处应填urbanization。SECTIONBINTERVIEW【听前预测】由题干中的Nigel，problems，airtravel，suggest，businesstravelers，inexperiencedtravelers，mistakes可以推测，该对话中Nigel向另一位人士谈到了旅客乘飞机旅行碰到的一些问题，并针对商务旅行给出了一些建议，还指出了没有经验的旅客常犯的几个错误等。 W:NigelLingeiseditorofBusinessTravelWeekly.Nigel,thanksforbeingontheshow.Now,whatkindofproblemsdoairlinepassengersfacenowadays?M:Well,[1]mostoftheproblemsarecausedbytheheavyvolumeoftraffic.Youknow,allairportshavealimittothenumberoftake-offsandlandingstheycanhandle.W:Sowhatseemstobetheproblem?M:Allflightsfromabusyairportarriveandleaveatmoreorlessthesametime.If60aircraftarescheduledtotakeoffbetween5p.m.and5:15,andtheairportcanonlyhandle120anhour,thatmeanssomewillalwaysbelatelandingortaking-off.Andiftheweatherisbad,oh,youcanimaginewhatthesituationislike.Sopassengershavetobeloadedintoeachplane,andthentheplaneshavetolineuptotakeoff.W:Sowaitingattheloungeorontheplaneisquitecommon.M:Certainly.Andanotherproblemthat’sverycommonisover-booking.Quiteoftenyouhearanannouncementontheairportloudspeakers:“Wehaveoversoldonthisflightandwouldlikevolunteerstogoonthenextflightout.”[2]Ifyoudecidetovolunteer,youmaygetacashbribeorfree-tripvoucher,butmakesureyougetaguaranteedseatonthenextflight,andafreephonecalltowhoeverismeetingyouontheotherend.Andworsestill,youarrivewithconfirmedreservationandyoudiscoveryou’vebeenbumpedofftheflight.W:Presumably,ifyouchoosetotravelatoff-peaktimes,therearefewproblems.M:Well,therearenooff-peaktimes.AllflightsseemtobefullexceptSaturday.Idon’tquiteunderstandwhythisisso.Youknow,ifthereisapublicholiday,thingsarelikelytobeespeciallybusy.Thespecialfaresystemsontheairline’scomputersencouragemorepeopletoflyonlesspopularflightsandthismeansthatasaresultallflightsareequallyfull.W:So,whatadvicewouldyougivetobusinesstravelers?M:I’dsay“Avoidbigairportsifyoucan”.[3]Thereasonistherearetoomanyflightsthere.Then,remembernottocheckyourbaggageifyoucanhelpit.Anotherthingis“Bepreparedfordelays”.Takesomethingtoeatanddrinkinyourhandluggage.W:Nigel,whatkindofmistakesdoinexperiencedtravelersmake?M:[4]Thefirstmistakebusinesstravelersmakeistotakefartoomuchluggage.Remember,takeonlycarry-onluggage,becauseatmostairports,youcangetawaywithtwosmallbags.W:Oh,Isee.M:[4]Anothermistakepeoplemakeistothinkthatyouhavetopayfullpriceforairtickets.Youshouldfindoutaboutthedifferentticketoptions.Forexample,anRTWfarecansaveupto40%onnormalfare.W:Excuseme,whatisRTW?M:RoundtheWorld.[5]Forexample,ifyou’regoingtoAustraliafromtheUSA,youcouldgooutviaSingapore,andcomebackviaNorthAmerica.Andanotherwaytosavemoneyistoseeifthetickettoadestinationbeyondit’scheaper.Forexample,aticketfromAmsterdamfromLondontoNewYorkmaybecheaperthanonestraightfromLondontoNewYork.W:Oh,that’sveryusefulinformation.M:[4]Andanothermistakeistogoawayfortoolong.Mostpeople’sefficiencyandenergystarttofalloffaftertwoweeksaway.Somyadviceis“Keepyourtripshort”,onlygofortwoweeksandneverforalongerthanthree.[5]Anotherpointis“Don’texpecteverythingtogoaccordingtoplan”.Youneedtolearntoexpecttheunexpected.Theremaybeatyphooninsummeroryourtaximaybreakdownonthewaytotheairport.Inotherwords,don’tbeoptimisticaboutplansanddon’tscheduleimportantmeetingstoocloselytogether.Youneedtoallowtimefordelaysandbreak-downs.W:Yeah,thisissomethingtravelershavetorememberwhentheyplantheirtrips.M:Andanotherthing,gettoknowagoodtravelagentandmakesurehegivesyouthebestpossibleservice.[5]Takediscountsforexample,agoodtravelagentcangetfirst-classticketforthepriceofbusiness-class.Thisisbecausehedoesenoughvolumeofbusinessandhecangetdiscountswithairlinesonhisownbehalf.Heshouldpassthemontoyou.Somakesureheindeeddoes.W:Ithinktheworstpartofatripishavingtotravelovernightorbeingstuckforaweekendinsomedreadfulplace.Arethereanywaysavoidingthat?M:Yes.[5]Wecanbreakorstopoverinamorerelaxingorlivelyplace.It’softenavailableatspecialcheapweekendrate.Variousairlinesandhotelchainsofferthese.[5]Andit’salwaysmorepleasanttostayanightinahotelthanonaplaneevenifyoutravelbusiness-class.W:Yes.OK,thankyou,Nigel,foralltheusefulinformationandadvice.M:Pleasure! 1.AccordingtoNigel,mostproblemsofairtravelarecausedby[A]unfavorableweatherconditions.[B]airports’handlingcapacity.[C]inadequateticketingservice.[D]overbooking.【解析】选[B]。录音一开始女士在介绍完男士后就问男士“乘飞机的旅客如今都面临着什么样的问题”，男士回答说“大多数问题是由交通流量大造成的”。接着进一步阐释说“所有的机场对飞机的起飞和降落次数设限”。这说明机场有限的吞吐量给旅客带来了问题，故[B]为答案。2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedascompensationforvolunteersforthenextflightout?[A]Freeticket.[B]Freephonecall.[C]Cashreward.[D]Seatreservation.【解析】选[D]。男士在讲述over-booking的问题时提到：如果你主动提出乘坐下一趟航班，你会获得acashbribeorfree-tripvoucher，但你要确保在下一趟航班上getaguaranteedseat…andafreephonecall。[A]、[B]、[C]均有所提及，[D]Seatreservation“座位预订”未提到，故答案选[D]。【点睛】此题需要注意对话中对volunteers获得的权力的列举，同时注意选项对原文的转述。3.WhydoesNigelsuggestthatbusinesstravelersavoidbigairports?[A]Becauseallflightsinandoutoftherearefull.[B]Becausethevolumeoftrafficisheavy.[C]Becausetherearemorepopularflights.[D]Becausetherearemoredelaysandcancellations.【解析】选[B]。男士在给出商务人士应避免去大型机场的建议后紧接着解释说…therearetoomanyflightsthere，[B]与此同义，故为答案。【点睛】[B]项是对原文信息的同义转述，同义转述项为答案。4.AccordingtoNigel,inexperiencedtravelersarelikelytomakethefollowingmistakesEXCEPT[A]bookingonlesspopularflights.[B]buyingticketsatfullprice.[C]carryingexcessiveluggage.[D]planninglongbusinesstrips.【解析】选[A]。抓住题干关键词inexperiencedtravelers和mistakes，听音时注意辨认有关信息。男士提到没有经验的旅客犯的第一个错误是带太多行李，排除[C]；第二个错误是认为必须购买全价票，排除[B]；第三个错误是旅行太长时间，排除[D]；[A]未提及，故为答案。5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?[A]Thepossibilityofdiscountsdependsonatravelagent’svolumeofbusiness.[B]Longerflightstothesamedestinationmaybecheaper.[C]Itisadvisabletoplaneverydetailofatripinadvance.[D]Arrangingforstopoverscanavoidovernighttravel.【解析】选[C]。男士在说明借助RTW不需要购买全额机票时，举了一个例子：如果从美国去澳大利亚，可以选择中途经新加坡的飞机，这样可以省钱，[B]符合此意，排除。男士提到一个好的旅行代理商能够以商务舱的价格拿到头等舱的机票，这是因为他的业务量大，故[A]说法正确，排除。男士最后提到可以选择在中途停留，在旅馆过夜比在飞机上过夜更舒适，[D]正确，排除。答案选[C]，[C]与录音中的“Don’texpecteverythingtogoaccordingtoplan”相矛盾。【点睛】[C]中的planeverydetail说法太绝对，一般情况下绝对项不是答案。SECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTNEWSITEMONE【听前预测】由[A]与[D]选项中均出现的traincrash可以预测，本则新闻可能涉及一起火车碰撞事故。 6.WhathappenedonMonday?[A]Atraincrashoccurredcausingminorinjuries.[B]Investigatorfoundoutthecauseoftheaccident.[C]Crewsrescuedmorepassengersfromthesite.[D]Acommutertraincrashedintoabuilding. Thedeathtollroseto74onTuesdayinJapan’sdeadliestrailcrashindecadesascrewspulledmorevictimsfromthewreckage.Investigatorsfocusedonwhetherexcessivespeedorthedriver’sinexperiencehadcaused[6]thetraintoderailandslamintoanapartmentbuilding.The7-carcommutertraincarrying580passengerslefttherailsMondaymorninginAmagasaki,asuburbofOsaka,about250mileswestofTokyo,itinjuredmorethan440people.6.【解析】选[D]。信息辨认题。听音时注意题干关键词Monday。新闻提到“周二…调查人员将集中调查是超速行驶还是司机缺乏经验导致了列车出轨并冲入一幢公寓楼，这列通勤列车周一早晨离开轨道…”，因此[D]很好地概括出了周一早晨发生的事故。新闻一开始提到“在日本几十年来最严重的火车碰撞事故中死亡人数升至74人”，故[A]中的minorinjuries与此矛盾；调查人员还在调查火车脱轨原因，故[B]错误；[C]项与录音一开始提到的crewspulledmorevictimsfromthewreckage相矛盾，故排除。NEWSITEMTWO【听前预测】浏览题干可以预测，该新闻涉及G20峰会的议题以及对G20的介绍。 7.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTontheagendaoftheG20meeting?[A]Iraqdebts.[B]WTOtalks.[C]Financialdisasters.[D]Possiblesanctions.8.TheG20isa(n)________organization.[A]international[B]European[C]regional[D]Asian [7]20oftheworld’stopeconomiespromisedtohelpIraqloweritsdebtandtohelprestartglobaltradetalksaftera2-daymeetinginMexicoonMonday.Officialsfromthegroupof20,G20Nations,alsodiscussedthepossibilityofsanctioningcountriesthatrefusedtocooperateinthefightagainstterrorism.Possiblesanctionswerenotoutlinedatthemeeting.Inadeclarationreleasedattheendofthemeeting,ministerscalledonWorldTradeOrganization,WTOmembers,torestartthetradetalksthatcollapsedinKankoonlastmonth.Nationsmustquicklyreenergizethenegotiationprocess,recognizingthatflexibilityandpoliticalwillfromallareurgentlyneeded,itsaid.G20ministersalsotalkedaboutthepossibilityofcreatingaVoluntaryCodeofConducttogovernnegotiationsbetweencreditorsandcountriesonthevergeofdefaultingondebt.Thecodewouldoutlinethestepsthatshouldbetakentopreventafinancialcrisis.Createdin1999toavoidfinancialdisastersandtokeeptheglobaleconomystable,[8]theG20ismadeupoftheEuropeanUnionand19othercountriesincludingAustralia,Brazil,China,JapanandtheUS.7.【解析】选[C]。信息辨认题。新闻一开始提到G20在结束了两天的会议之后，承诺helpIraqloweritsdebtandtohelprestartglobaltradetalks，并且G20的官员也讨论了thepossibilityofsanctioningcountries…，因此[A]、[B]、[D]均属G20峰会的议题，答案选[C]。8.【解析】选[A]。信息推断题。录音最后提到G20由欧盟和其他包括澳大利亚、巴西、中国、日本和美国在内的19个国家组成。由此可见G20几乎涵盖各大洲国家，因而是一个国际性的组织，[A]为答案。NEWSITEMTHREE【听前预测】由题干关键词UNCharter，wentintoeffect，role可以预测，该新闻是对联合国宪章的介绍，其中包括对联合国宪章生效的时间和宪章的作用的介绍。 9.TheUNCharterwentintoeffectafter[A]itwassignedbythe50originalmembercountries.[B]itwasapprovedbythefoundersandothermembercountries.[C]itwasapprovedbythefoundingmembers.[D]itwassignedbythefoundingmembers.10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheroleoftheCharter?[A]TheCharteronlydescribespowersoftheUNbodies.[B]TheChartermainlyaimstopromoteworldeconomy.[C]TheCharterisatreatyaboveallothertreaties.[D]TheCharterauthorizesreformsinUNbodies. TheUnitedNationscelebratedthe60thanniversaryofitsCharteronMonday,thespeakersaddressingtheUNGeneralAssembly.UNSecretaryGeneralKofiAnnansaidtheUNhadbothsuccessesandfailuresincarryingoutthepledgesintheCharter.TheUNCharteristheconstitutionoftheorganization.ItwassignedinSanFranciscoonJune26th,1945bythe50originalmembercountries.[9]IttookeffectonOctober24th,1945afterbeingapprovedbythe5foundingmembers:China,France,theSovietUnion,theUnitedKingdomandtheUnitedStatesandthemajorityoftheothercountriesthatsignedtheCharter.TheCharterisaconstitutionaltreaty;allcountriesthatsigneditareboundbyitsarticles.[10]ItstatesthattheChartercomesfirstaboveallothertreaties.Itsmainpurposesincludethepreventionofnewconflict,buildingpeaceandprotectinghumanrightsandsocialprogress.ThemostimportantchaptersarethesedealingwithenforcementpowersofUNbodies.Theydescribe,forexample,theSecurityCouncil’spowertoinvestigateandmediatedisputes.Theyalsodescribeitspowertoauthorizeeconomic,diplomaticandmilitarysanctionsaswellastheuseofmilitaryforcetoresolvedisputes.TheUN,latelastyear,revealedaproposaltooverhaultheorganization,includingtheSecurityCouncil.ThiscouldbethemostcomprehensiveUNreformsinceitsfoundation.9.【解析】选[B]。信息转述题。录音提到Ittookeffect…afterbeingapprovedbythe5foundingmembers…andthemajorityoftheothercountriesthatsignedtheCharter.题干中的wentintoeffect同义替换了原文中的tookeffect。[B]项中的founders即指foundingmembers，而othermembercountries指othercountriesthatsignedtheCharter，因此[B]项是对原文内容的同义转述，故为答案。10.【解析】选[C]。信息转述题。[A]为绝对项，直接排除。新闻中提到宪章的主要目的有：防止新的冲突、建立和平、保护人权和社会进步，故[B]错误。[C]项符合录音中的…theChartercomesfirstaboveallothertreaties，故选为答案。[D]项录音未提及。PARTⅡREADINGCOMPREHENSIONTEXTA 【语篇分析】议 论文 政研论文下载论文大学下载论文大学下载关于长拳的论文浙大论文封面下载 。本文为S(Specific)—G(General)结构。本文通过举例论证了威尔士国家身份得到了复兴。Para.1—Para.3列举了威尔士语言的复兴并指出权力下放让威尔士有更大的发言权。Para.4列举体现威尔士国家身份复兴的其他例子。Para.5—Para.6借助DyfanJohns之口，总体说明威尔士人的心态正在发生变化。TheWelshlanguagehasalwaysbeentheultimatemarkerofWelshidentity,butagenerationagoitlookedasifWelshwouldgothewayofManx,oncewidelyspokenontheIsleofManbutnowextinct.Governmentsfinancingandcentralplanning,however,havehelpedreversethedeclineofWelsh.[13]RoadsignsandofficialpublicdocumentsarewritteninbothWelshandEnglish,andschoolchildrenarerequiredtolearnbothlanguages.WelshisnowoneofthemostsuccessfulofEurope’sregionallanguages,spokenbymorethanahalf-millionofthecountry’sthreemillionpeople.[14]Therevivalofthelanguage,particularlyamongyoungpeople,ispartofaresurgenceofnationalidentitysweepingthroughthissmall,proudnation.LastmonthWalesmarkedthesecondanniversaryoftheopeningoftheNationalAssembly,thefirstparliamenttobeconvenedheresince1404.[11]TheideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom.Withmostofthepeopleandwealth,Englandhasalwayshadbraggingrights.ThepartialtransferoflegislativepowersfromWestminster,implementedbyTonyBlair,wasdesignedtogivetheothermembersoftheclub—Scotland,NorthernIreland,andWales—abiggersayandtocounter[12]centrifugalforcesthatseemedtothreatentheveryideaoftheunion.[13]TheWelshshowedlittleenthusiasmfordevolution.WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelminglyforaparliament,thevoteforaWelshassemblyscrapedthroughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutoflessthan25percent.Itspowerswereproportionatelylimited.TheAssemblycandecidehowmoneyfromWestminsterortheEuropeanUnionisspent.[13