远辉教育英语秋季班 第一讲
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
T:Elaine S: Tel:62379828
一、【重点语法】
1.一般过去时的一般疑问句:
1)动词是行为动词时,在句首加助动词did. Did they finish their work at four?
Yes, they did.\ No, they didn’t.
2).有be动词时,把be动词提前
Were there three cups of tea on the table just now?
2、一般过去时的规则动词及不规则动词的变化规则
1)规则动词
1 直接加ed:work—worked
2 以e结尾的单词,直接加d:live ---lived taste-tasted
3 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed:study---studied
4 以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed:enjoy ---enjoyed
5 以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed: stop---stopped
2)不规则动词
Am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said go-went, have-had, come-came, can-could give-gave, speak-spoke, get-got, eat-ate, take-took
3、一般过去时的特殊疑问式
1).动词是行为动词时: 疑问词+did+主语+动词原形……?
They finished their work at four.
A B
对划线部分提问: A: What did they do at four?
B: When did they finish their work?
Exercises(练习):
1. They went to park by car yesterday.
________ _________ they __________ to park yesterday?
2. They did their homework yesterday evening.
________ did they_________ yesterday evening?
3. Her sisters flew kites in the park last Friday.
________ did her sisters _________kites last Friday?
2).有be动词时: 疑问词+ was/were+主语+其他?
Jack was in the classroom just now.
A B
对划线部分提问: A: Who was in the classroom just now?
B: Where was Jack just now?
1. Mary and Peter were in Beijing five days ago.
________ ________ Mary and Peter five days ago?
2. There were four teachers in the office.
_______ ________ teachers _______ there in the office?
3. He was a policeman last year.
_______ ________ he in the past?
4. Mike was a teacher in the past.
________ _________ a teacher in the past?
4、复合不定代词(副词)的构成及用法
构成:由some, any, no, every分别加上-body, -thing, -one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词;
用法:
thing
one
body
where
Any
anything
anyone
anybody
Anywhere
Some
something
someone
somebody
Somewhere
No
nothing
No one
nobody
No where
Every
Everything
Everyone
Everybody
everywhere
(1)不定代词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。 There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes reading.
(2)some-不定代词,通常用于肯定句中;any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。
Someone is calling me.
There isn’t anyone else there.
Could you give me something to eat?
(3)形容词修饰不定代词时,通常要放在不定代后。 There is something delicious on the table.
选择
题
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:
( ) 1. I’m hungry. I want ______ to eat.
A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
( ) 2. -Do you have ______ to say for yourself? -No, I have ______ to say.
A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. anything; nothing
( ) 3. Why not ask ______ to help you?
A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none
( ) 4. There’s ______ with his eyes. He’s OK.
A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing
6. I phoned you last night, but ________ answered it.
完成句子:
1. My vacation was great! (对划线部分提问) was your vacation?
2. I went to summer camp during my holiday. you during your holiday?
3 They stayed at home on vacation. _______. _______ they _______ on vacation?
4.昨天天气凉爽,所以我们决定去海滩。
Yesterday the weather was cool, so we ________ ________ _________ to the beach.
5.因为坏天气,我们不能看到下面的任何东西。
Because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see .
选择:
( ) 1. —The story is so amazing! It’s the most interesting story I’ve ever read.
—But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by ______.
A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody
( ) 2. She listened carefully, but heard ______.
A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing
5、反身代词讲解
英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示:
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himselfherselfitself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
Themselves
用在某些固定短语当中。
如: look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己
teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学 enjoy oneself玩得高兴,过得愉快
help oneself to sth请自用??(随便吃/喝些??)
注意:
1. 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。
如:我自己能完成作业。
(误)Myself can finish my homework..
(正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
2 反身代词表示“某人自己”,不能表示“某人的东西”,因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时,须要用one’s own.
如:我用我自己的蜡笔画画。
(误)I’m drawing with myself crayons.
(正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.
【练一练】:
1. Those girls enjoyed ____ in the party last night.
A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself
2. Help ____ to some fish, children.
A.yourself B. your C. yours D. yourselves
3. The film ____ is very fun.
A. it’s B. itself C. it D. its
4. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now.
5. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday.
6.They tell us they can look after_________ very well.
【选择题】
1. Hi, Judy. — Hi, Jason. Come in. Make ________ at home.
A. yourself B. us C. yourselves D. you
2. Mum often warns the boy ________ swim ________ in the sea because it’s dangerous.
A. don’t, alone B. not, by himself C. not to, by himself D. not to, lonely
3. Yesterday I saw ________ enjoy ________ in the park.
A. her, hers B. they, them C. She, herself D. them, themselves
4. It was not good for the mother to leave her little son all by ________.
A. yourself B. himself C. herself D. itself
5. Mary makes all ______ dresses.
A. herself B. herself’s C. hers D. her own
二、【短语精讲】
1. arrive不及物动词,意为“到达”。arrive in 表示到达较大的地方,如国家、省、市等;arrive at 表示到达较小的地方,如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。
e.g. The books will arrive tomorrow. 这些
书
关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf
明天到。
We arrived in Beijing yesterday. 我们昨天就到北京了。
I arrived at the train station very early. 我很早就到了火车站。
eg:I (到达) school at 8:00 o’clock yesterday.
2. decide意为“决定,决心”。
decide to do sth. 意为“决定去做某事”。
They _____ ______ ______the museum.他们决定去参观博物馆。
3. try意为“尝试,试图,设法,努力”。
e.g. She is trying my bicycle. 她正在试骑我的自行车。
try doing sth. 尝试着做某事,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力。
e.g. I tried calling him,but no one answer.
我试着给他打电话了,但是没人接听。
try to do sth. 尽力、设法去做某事,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付出一定的努力设法去完成。
e.g. I'm trying to learn English well. 我正尽力把英语学好。
a. I ______ ______ him, but no one answered. 我试着给他打电话了,但没有人接听。
b. I’m ______ ______ ______ English well. 我正尽力把英语学好。
4. enjoy及物动词,意为“喜爱,欣赏,享受……的乐趣”,其后接名词、代词或者动词作宾语。
e.g. Do you enjoy your job? 你喜欢你的工作吗?
enjoy doing sth.=like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事
e.g. I enjoy reading books.我喜欢读书。
enjoy oneself 意为“玩得高兴,过得愉快”,相当于have a good time或have fun。
e.g. Peter enjoyed himself at the party last night.彼得在昨晚的聚会上玩得很开心。
5. because of 介词短语,意为“因为,由于”,后可接名词、代词、动名词,其后不能接句子。
e.g. He can’t take a walk because of the rain.因为下雨,他没能散步。
because 连词,意为“因为”,后接句子。
e.g. I didn’t buy the T-shirt because it was too expensive.我没有买这件T恤,因为它太贵了。
6.what 及 how引导的感叹句
感叹句巧解:感叹句要看后面,即看形容词后的东东,
1) 若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数,就用what a/an;是不可数名词或可数名词复数,只用what。
2)若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Tom’s等等乱七八糟的东西,想都不用想,直接用how就OK了。如:
例句1:What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊!
/ \
形容词 单数名词
例句2:What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊!
/ \
形容词 复数名词
例句3:What cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊!
/ \
形容词 不可数名词
例句4:How good the boy is! 这男孩多好啊!
/ \
形容词 乱糟糟
★★★ 若没有形容词,而出现副词或是句子,直接用how.
例:How well he plays the guitar! 他吉他弹得多好啊!
/
副词 (what不可以修饰副词,看到副词直接用how)
How time flies!
How fast Liu Xiang runs
【练习】
1).________ difficult homework we had yesterday!
2).________cute dog it is!
3).________ interesting the story is!
4).________ bad the weather in England is!
7.Why not 为什么不带呀?(P8)
why not意为“为什么不呢”,一般用在疑问句中,表示提建议;why not后面需跟动词原形。
注:“Why not + 动词原形?” 相当于“Why don’t you+ 动词原形?”
a. Why not go to the party with me? =Why don’t you go to the party with me?为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢?
b. _____ _____take a walk? = _____ ______ _____ take a walk? 为什么不去散步呢?
8. so…that…/ such…that…(如此…以致)引导的结果状语从句
so+adj./adv.+that so+adj.+a/an+单数名词+that such+(adj.)+复数名词或不可数名词+that such+a/an+adj.+单数名词+that
注:1)当名词前面有many, much, little, few修饰时,用so而不用such。
2)so…that句型的否定形式可用简单句too…to或not…enough to代替。