大学英语-大学六级模拟557

大学英语-大学六级模拟557 大学六级模拟557 Part ? Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Television Advertisement. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1、电视节目中广告很多 2(广告的利与弊 3(我的观点 On Television Advertisement __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Part ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you.viii have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. HIV Vaccine Feat Leaves More Questions Than Answers Only hours after HIV vaccine researchers announced the achievement of a milestone that has eluded them for a quarter of a century, they began plotting their next steps—and coming back to reality. Their ultimate goal, halting the spread of AIDS, remains far in the future. A Thai and American team had announced early Thursday in Bangkok that they had found a combination of vaccines that provided modest protection against infection with HIV, offering the first proof of principle that the deadly disease could be tamed by teaching the immune system to recognize the virus and defeat it. Scientists around the world hailed the achievement. But by Thursday afternoon, the initial wave of joy had given way to the recognition that many questions will have to be answered before researchers can produce a vaccine that will reliably shield people from HIV. For starters, it could take years to figure out the biological mechanisms that produced the apparent 31 ~ reduction in infections among those given the vaccine treatment. Researchers have never before observed antibodies (抗体) or other molecules in the blood that could block an infection of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Now they will try to figure out whether this combination of vaccines stimulated new molecules, or provoked an unusual blend of ones previously observed. Experts predicted that it would require 2 to 3 years of research to better understand how the vaccine worked, and an additional 5 to 10 years to produce a vaccine that was ready to test in people. Some researchers even wondered whether the apparent reduction in infections was simply a statistical mistake resulting from the small number of HIV cases observed in the trial. The abundance of unanswered questions hasn't sapped the enthusiasm of many HIV researchers. After 26 years of seemingly futile research on vaccines, they have finally made some progress on demonstrating the feasibility of an HIV vaccine, said Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, which largely funded the $120-million study. "This is the first positive signal—modest though it may be—that we have ever got with any vaccine that we have ever tested in humans," Fauci said. But "is it a vaccine that is ready for prime time? No." The Thai trial, which began in 2003, had been laughed at by many critics as a waste of time and money because its two vaccines had produced no benefit in individual trials. But a few researchers speculated that using them together—with one vaccine priming (开始修复) the immune system and the second boosting that response—would be more effective. The primer in this combination is Alvac, made by Sanofi Pasteur, which uses a harmless virus to carry three synthetic HIV genes into the body. :The boost comes from Aidsvax, originally made by VaxGen Inc. and now owned by the nonprofit group Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases. It contains a genetically engineered version of a protein from the HIV surface. The study, led by Dr. Supachai Rerks-Ngarm of the Thai Ministry of Public Health's Department of Disease Control, involved more than 16,000 volunteers in Thailand, all from the general population rather than from a pool of high-risk homosexuals and drug users used in past studies. Half received four priming doses of Alvac and two boost doses of Aidsvax over a six-month period; the other half received placebo (无效对照药) shots. After three years of follow-up, new HIV infections were observed in 74 of the 8,198 people who received the placebo, but in only 51 of the 8,197 given the vaccine, a statistically significant 31% reduction. To the researchers' disappointment, however, the vaccine did not reduce levels of HIV activity in those who became infected after being vaccinated. The trial was carried out in Thailand because the initial research was conducted there and the vaccine was based on the version of HIV that circulates in that country. Full details of the study will be released next month at a conference in Paris, and researchers are eagerly awaiting them. Dr. Salim S. Abdool Karim, an epidemiologist at Columbia University in New York and director of the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa in Durban, said he was particularly eager to know whether people who got vaccinated and stayed healthy had a bigger response from the white blood cells known as cellular T lymphocytes(淋巴球). "A whole range of vaccines were developed on the hypothesis(遐想) that they generated sufficient cellular T lymphocyte responses to prevent infection," he said. "We've never been able to test that hypothesis because no vaccine has worked until now." And if it is not the lymphocytes, then "what kind of compounds were the cells making when you inoculate them with the vaccine?" asked Dr. Spyros Kalams, an HIV immunology researcher at Vanderbilt University in Nashville and director of the HIV Vaccine Trials Program there. "Was it a compound that can kill infected cells? Does it make proteins that stop the virus from replicating?" Researchers now will begin the painstaking work of comparing the blood of those who were vaccinated and resisted infection and those who did not. Then they will look for molecules that are more abundant in the healthy people, Fauci said. Once researchers identify these so-called correlates of immunity, they can begin to look for ways to prompt the body to make them—the key to producing an effective vaccine. The Thai results are "an opening of a door to answer some very important questions," he said. But several scientists cautioned that there was no guarantee the Thai blood samples would reveal the biological secrets of HIV immunity. Surely some of the people who resisted HIV infection were protected by the vaccine, but not all, said Dr. Otto Yang, an immunologist at UCLA's David Geffen School of Medicine. Yang also expressed doubt that a combination of vaccines made the difference in those who benefited. He and others noted that this was the first large study to focus on a low-risk population. Perhaps transmitting the virus through heterosexual sex instead of directly into the bloodstream on an needle gives the immune system a better chance of fighting off infection. Although it is also unclear whether these particular vaccines could be used elsewhere in the world, scientists said that if they could figure out what made this combination work, they could localize the approach to other regions. The dominant HIV strains vary from region to region. At least 33 million people worldwide are infected with HIV and 25 million have died, the World Health Organization said. An estimated 7,500 are infected each day, emphasizing the need for a vaccine. There have been three previous vaccine trials in humans. Aidsvax had previously failed in two large trials halted in 2003; both showed no benefit to recipients. Another trial by Merck & Co. of a different vaccine was halted prematurely in 2007 when researchers found that the vaccine might increase the risk of contracting the virus. 2、 According to Paragraph 1, we can learn that ______. A. scientists have made certain achievements in HIV vaccine B. HIV vaccine has been proved successful ultimately C. HIV vaccine has been proved useless D. HIV has already been decoded and defeated 3、 The achievements for HIV vaccine has been given discount because ______. A. it causes a number of questions to answer B. it can't effectively protect people from HIV C. it can't be recognized by the people D. it is proved ineffective in treating HIV 4、 The researchers are now trying to figure out ______. A. whether observed antibodies can block the infection of HIV B. whether the combination of vaccines stimulates new molecules C. whether the combination of vaccines can work well D. whether the combination of vaccines could be tested in normal people 5、 The researchers had taken the Thai trial to be more effective by ______. A. injecting one vaccine for the immune system B. injecting two vaccines to boost the responses C. injecting one vaccine for the immune system and another to boost the responses D. putting three synthetic HIV genes into the body 6、 The researchers were disappointed because ______. A. the vaccines haven't shown any effect on volunteers in Thailand B. the vaccines didn't stop the HIV infection on those who were vaccinated C. the vaccines were strongly rejected by the people in Thailand D. the vaccines' effects is waiting to be verified at conference in Paris 7、 According to Dr. Salim, which of the following statement is true? A. Some people who got vaccinated kept healthy. B. A number of effective vaccines were developed just on the hypothesis. C. The hypothesis for vaccines has never worked well until now. D. The white blood cells are the root cause of HIV infection. 8、 The researchers are looking afterwards for ______. A. the proteins to stop HIV virus B. the blood of those who were vaccinated C. the blood of those who were not vaccinated D. the molecules that are more abundant in healthy people 9、 Verifying the correlates of immunity is the key to______. 10、 The vaccine made by Merck & Co was halted in that it might______. 11、 This passage tells the breakthrough of HIV vaccine leaves us______. Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 12、 A. Mike can't pass the exam. B. Mike doesn't need to study at all. C. Mike should get some fresh air in the morning D. Having a good rest will help Mike with the exam. 13、 A. Take the wallet to the reception desk. B. Look for the owner of the wallet in the company. C. Ask the receptionist for help. D. Put the wallet back in the elevator. 14、 A. Professor Smith will help Mary to take the course simultaneously. B. Mary will probably postpone taking the course of statistics. C. Mary will require taking the accounting course first. D. Mary will take the course of Professor Smith. 15、 A. To try playing a new game. B. Not to worry about his grades. C. To spend more time on his studies. D. To teach them how to play the games. 16、 A. He is not interested in the competition. B. He doesn't know if the super girl was successful. C. He can't follow the state competition. D. He thinks the super girl of last week was eliminated. A. In a library. B. In a cinema. 17、 C. In a literature class. D. In a history class. 18、 A. She will be absent in the next class. B. She will help the professor hand out the course outline. C. She will copy the outline by herself. D. She will go to the office of the professor. 19、 A. Her brother wants to rent a room with another person. B. Her brother can take the man to the picnic. C. Her brother wants to share his room with another person. D. Her brother wants someone else to go to the picnic with him. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 20、 A. In a company. B. In a studio. C. In a classroom. D. At the woman's home. 21、 A. How to get successful in a job interview. B. What qualities a good interviewee should have? C. The importance of an interview. D. How to do well in a job? 22、 A. The behavior of the interviewee. B. The character of the interviewee. C. The tone of the interviewee. D. The appearance of the interviewee. 23、 A. Because it shows your politeness. B. Because it gives you another chance to emphasize your advantages. C. Because it will remind the interviewers of you. D. Because it is one of the ways you ask for the result of the interview. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. A. Write comments on the others' works. B. Give advice to each 24、 other. C. Write poems. D. Publish new works. 25、 A. He met her once on the campus. B. He met her in the publishing house. C. He saw her name in the campus literary review. D. They are both in the Students' Union. 26、 A. She will give lectures to them. B. She will persuade more professors to join the group. C. She will talk out her own experiences of publishing. D. She will list more people who might join the group. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 27、 A. Reformers' suggestions. B. The coming of a large population from Europe. C. The expansion of industrial cities. D. The requirement of specific populations. 28、 A. Women and men studied in the same classes. B. The amount of time spent on formal education was limited. C. New regulations were imposed on nontraditional education. D. Most places required children to attend school. 29、 A. Different groups needed different kinds of education. B. Special programs should be set up to modernize students. C. Women should stay at home. D. More women should be involved in education and industry. 30、 A. More goods were produced than needed. B. Less goods were produced than needed. C. Immigrant women couldn't enjoy the right of educational. D. Immigrant women raised a lot of children. Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 31、 A. Grassland for animals. B. A land covered with trees. C. A steep slope of a hill. D. A land with fertile soil. 32、 A. To forbid grazing on marginal lands. B. To plant more trees on marginal lands. C. To establish good ground cover. D. To graze animals rotationally. 33、 A. Supporting the soil. B. Providing shade for animals. C. Loosening soil structure. D. Protecting the soil from wind and rain damage. Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 34、 A. To honor women pioneers. B. To encourage the students to pursue their dreams. C. To honor the September 11 attack. D. To make more heroes. 35、 A. Because many of the boys in single parent families are raised by their mothers. B. Because many boys like the stories of women pioneers. C. Because boys are more negative than girls. D. Because many of the boys are from minority populations. 36、 A. The quantity of single parent family in America. B. The push of Maria Brennan. C. The September 11 attack. D. The requirements of four schools. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just beard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. When shopping online, it is important to bear a few basics in mind. Not only will these help keep you safe but they will also 37 you find the best bargains possible, regardless of what you're looking to buy. The Internet is a completely different marketplace from live, face-to-face transacting, and this poses certain 38 problems. Firstly, make sure you know you can trust the seller. If you're buying from a private individual through an independent selling platform like an online 39 site, make sure you check their 40 score or ratings to determine whether or not they are reliable. 41 if you happen to buy from an online company, or branded website, make sure they are 42 and carry secure ordering facilities. That way, you're less likely to get 43 off by some unscrupulous seller, or to suffer from credit card 44 At the end of the day, 45 , so make sure you have something concrete to suggest the seller's reliability before handing over your details. Overall, 46 Furthermore, provided you ensure the reliability of the seller, you can pick up some great shopping deals without too much research work or hassle. 47 ; regardless of the products you want to buy. Part ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. There are more than 300 millions of us in the United States. and sometimes it seems like we're all friends on Face book. But the sad truth is that Americans are lonelier than ever. Between 1985 and 2004, the number of people who said there was no one with whom they discussed important matters tripled, to 25 percent, according to Duke University researchers. Unfortunately, as a new study linking women to increased risk of heart disease shows, all this loneliness can be detrimental to our health. The bad news doesn't just affect women. Social isolation in all adults has been linked to a series of physical and mental ailments, including sleep disorders, high blood pressure, and an increased risk of depression and suicide. How lonely you feel today actually predicts how well you'll sleep tonight and how depressed you'll feel a year from now, says John T. Cacioppo, a neuroscientist at the University of Chicago and coauthor of Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need .for Social Connection. Studies have shown that loneliness can cause stress levels to rise and can weaken the immune system. Lonely people also tend to have less healthy lifestyles, drinking more alcohol, eating more fattening food, and exercising less than those who are not lonely. Though more Americans than ever are living alone (25 percent of U.S. households, up from 7 percent in 1940), the connection between single-living and loneliness is in fact quite weak. "Some of the most profound loneliness can happen when other people are present," says Harry Reis, professor of psychology at the University of Rochester. Take college freshmen: even though they're surrounded by people almost all the time, many feel incredibly isolated during the first quarter of the school year with their friends and family members far away, Cacioppo says. Studies have shown that how lonely freshmen will feel can be predicted by how many miles they are from home. By the second quarter, however, most freshmen have found social replacements for their high-school friends. Unfortunately, as we age, it becomes more difficult to recreate those social relationships. And that can be a big problem as America becomes a more transient society, with and increasing number of Americans who say that they're willing to move away from home for a job. Loneliness can be relative: it has been defined as an aversive (反感的) emotional response to a perceived discrepancy between a person's desired levels of social interaction and the contact they're actually receiving. People tend to measure themselves against others, feeling particularly alone in communities where social connection is the norm. That's why collectivist cultures, like those in Southern Europe, have higher levels of loneliness than individualist cultures, Cacioppo says. For the same reason, isolated individuals feel most acutely alone on holidays like Christmas Eve or Thanksgiving, when most people are surrounded by family and friends. 48、 From the first paragraph, we can learn the problem with America is that ______. 49、 For all grown-ups, isolation from society can lead to ______. 50、 Which two problems does loneliness cause? 51、 Studies have indicated that the loneliness a freshman will suffer can be predicted by ______. 52、 Lonely people can easily become lonelier because they tend to ______. Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One The Obesity is a national health crisis, one that—quite literally—weighs on us all. It costs lives. It costs dollars. And in the context of our current health-reform debate in Washington, it's time we took action, as a nation and as individuals, to address this cost. While infectious disease was a disaster recently as our grandparents' generation, chronic disease is killing us and harming our well-being—and obesity is the root cause. The growth in obesity is strongly linked to heart disease, hypertension, and the explosion of diabetes that our country is currently experiencing. These and other chronic diseases account for 7 out of every 10 deaths each year and are the leading cause of death and disability in the U.S. They are also responsible for more than 75 percent of the nation's health-care spending. Year after year, more Americans have become obese or overweight, now representing one third of the population. One in five 4-year-olds are obese, contributing to the fact that for the first time ever, children may have a shorter lifespan than their parents. But the obesity crisis isn't simply a health crisis; it is also an economic crisis—and the mount that it costs us in terms of lost lives, lost productivity, and lost dollars is staggering and deserves attention from our national leaders, and from us. Obesity accounts for nearly 10 percent of what the U.S. spends annually on health care and is linked to about one third of the increase in domestic health spending since the mid-1980s. It is a huge cost driver in Medicare and Medicaid—so even if you or your family members are not obese, you, like the rest of us, are paying for this crisis. Were obesity at 1987 levels, Medicare spending would be $ 40 billion per year lower than it was in 2006. A University of Florida study found that health-care spending for 65-year-old men of normal weight was 6 to 13 percent less over the remainder of their lifetime than those who were overweight or obese. At a time when Americans are on tight budgets and Congress is struggling to "find" savings to pay for health-care reform, it's easy to see why we need to make changes. Policy changes in Washington are a critical part of the solution. We need common-sense reforms in our health system (such as lowering co-pays on preventive care and offering programs to help overweight Americans), in our schools (such as reinstating physical education and requiring school lunches to meet nutritional standards), in our workplaces (such as offering tax credits to employers that offer wellness benefits and encourage health inside and outside of the workplace), and in our communities (such as ensuring that all Americans have access to a place to be physically active and purchase healthy foods). 53、 According to the passage, the Americans nowadays fire faced with ______. A. the same ailment afflicted their grandparents' generation B. higher death rate caused by infectious diseases C. the problems caused by obesity D. lowering Midicare budgets compared to their grandparents' generation 54、 What can we learn about obesity? A. The children are certain to live shorter lives than their parents because of obesiity. B. Obesity is the main cost driver in Midicare. C. Obesity imposes an economic burdon upon Americans. D. Those obese Americans are paying for the cost of obesity. 55、 The study at a University of Florida indicated that ______. A. people of normal weight enjoyed longer lifespan than obese people B. the overweight people at 65 lost more on health-care over the rest of their lives C. the overweight people would cost 6~ to 13~ more than normal people D. the overweight people paid more health-care insurance than normal people 56、 Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. It is necessary to reform health system to help overweight Americans. B. It is necessary for students to strengthen their body and eat healthy food. C. It is possible for American workers to have health care for free. D. It is possible for all Americans to take part in physical activities and buy healthy food. 57、 From the passage, we can infer that ______. A. the government has made some critical policy changes B. the government has encountered budget problem in health-care reform C. the government requires the schools to meet nutritional standards D. all Americans have realized the importance of losing weight Passage Two In recent years the potential of information technology to enhance teaching and learning has been demonstrated in virtually every discipline(学科). At the same time, most faculty have become comfortable using word processing programs, e-mail, and the World Wide Web, and a wider range of user-friendly software has become available. The 1998 National Survey of Desktop Computing and Information Technology in Higher Education revealed that the percentage of college classes using technology continues to increase, with 44.4 percent using e-mail and 36 percent using presentation handouts. These fairly common uses of technology in the higher education classroom, however, still do not capitalize on the real power of technology to make available real-world situations, aid visualization, facilitate collaborative activity among students, support analysis and synthesis of information, simulate complex environments, and provide continual feedback. These "deeper" uses of technology require conceptualizing the teaching and learning process in a different way and envisioning new instructional approaches that might assist students in attaining course goals. Educational research reveals that new knowledge grows out of the process of relating new ideas to what we already know and exploring the interrelationships among ideas; new knowledge is not transmitted but is created by the learner. Also, knowledge is constructed by learners as they attempt to make sense out of their experiences and test their own understanding against that of others, notably those of teachers or more advanced peers. Technology can enhance learning by fostering the active processing and application of new ideas and by providing opportunities for students to engage in dialogue about ideas with their peers outside of class time. Subsequent research at Western Michigan University also highlighted the importance of these factors. Faculty members on that campus were surveyed to identify factors that might influence the use of new instructional technologies. The most important factor identified was the need to be certain that technology would enhance student learning. Other important social factors were compatibility (兼容性) with the disciplines, advantages over traditional instruction, increased student interest, information on materials in the discipline, compatibility with existing course materials, and support from higher administration, chairpersons, and deans. Faculty were also asked to rate the importance of various incentives to use technology. Not surprisingly, released time, student and clerical support, and stipends were important incentives. In addition, however, faculty noted the importance of knowing that their efforts would contribute to promotion and tenure(任期) and would be recognized by the university community. 58、 From the first paragraph, we can infer that ______. A. only 44.4% faculty are comfortable using word processing programs and e-mail B. 36% faculty are comfortable using desktop computing and information technology C. most faculty are familiar with information technology and the use of it is on the rise D. technology in higher education has penetrated into every discipline 59、 Which of the following does NOT belong to "deeper" uses of technology according to the passage? A. To get information from World Wide Web. B. To aid visualization facilitate collective activity among students. C. Aid visualization and simulate complex environments. D. Support analysis and synthesis of information. 60、 According to the writer, new knowledge may come from A. relating new ideas to old ones B. advanced learners' ideas C. what we have already known D. making sense out of experiences 61、 For what purpose does the writer cite the subsequent research made at Western Michigan University? A. To provide evidence for how new knowledge is produced. B. To show the university's progress in using technology. C. To elaborate on the factors influencing the use of new instructional technologies. D. To tell that new knowledge can be enhanced by technology 62、 What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Teachers welcome the imposition of technology uses. B. Higher administration's support is the most critical to the use of instrumental technologies. C. The teacher using instrumental technologies may have longer tenure. D. The instrumental technologies are easy to use. Part ? Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits the passage. Then mark the corresponding Fetter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Mars fascinates scientists because of its similarity to Earth, and it fascinates the public because our myth of "Martians" is a vision of life beyond Earth. The Mars 62 continues with the launch of a robot vehicle by UK scientists. It's part of a project to build an "autonomous robotic scientist" to 63 the Martian surface and is key to the European Space Agency's 2011 ExoMars 64 . The six-wheeled vehicle housing a myriad of scientific 65 and detectors is the Mars rover, nicknamed "Bridget". Astrium, an EADS company, are 66 the ExoMars rover prototype and coordinating its 67 with other UK-based institutions. Searching for a 68 similar to that found on Mars, the team took the rover to El Teide National Park in Tenerife. Lester Waugh, leading the EADS Astrium team, explains, "The rover's not waterproof so the conditions need to be dry as any moisture affects the way the sand 69 under the wheels." Solar panels will supply power and radioisotope(放射性同位素 ) heater units will help it withstand the cold on Mars. The team is optimizing the performance of the wheels, suspension, the drive system, 70 it doesn't dig itself in on tricky terrain. Taking 71 to twenty minutes for radio signals to reach Earth demands a powerful 72 system to allow the rover to operate 73 so they are also developing next generation computer software 74 . The rover will land on Mars packed to capacity 75 scientific gadgets designed to be as light and as small as possible. The 76 development time is essential for rigorous testing, as Waugh explains," 77 we put things in space we have to make sure that they'll 78 the radiation environment, the 79 of heat and cold. Our science 80 is crucial, and malfunctions may affect that. The more science we get back the better 81 there is for spending more money on planetary exploration." 63、 A. risk B. adventure C. travel D. advancement 64、 A. explore B. explode C. exploit D. deplore 65、 A. delegation B. assignment C. undertaking D. mission 66、 A. instruments B. facilities C. appliances D. apparatus 67、 A. researching B. developing C. proceeding D. inventing 68、 A. skills B. techniques C. technologies D. achievements 69、 A. territory B. terrain C. field D. land 70、 A. reacts B. responds C. reflects D. reflexes 71、 A. thus B. however C. so D. but 72、 A. up B. over C. off D. down 73、 A. aviation B. pilot C. guidance D. navigation 74、 A. merely B. only C. simply D. solo 75、 A. capacities B. abilities C. capabilities D. power 76、 A. of B. to C. in D. with 77、 A. extended B. expanded C. intended D. spanned 78、 A. Before B. After C. When D. If 79、 A. live B. survive C. revive D. survey 80、 A. extremes B. extracts C. terminals D. radicals 81、 A. productivity B. activity C. product D. produce 82、 A. justifiability B. justification C. rationalization D. modification Part ? Translation Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 83、 In making such models, wonderful skill is called for, ______ (也需要透彻了解植物的结构). 84、 It is quite necessary to ______ (把我们课堂上学习的东西应用到实践当中). 85、 Only when he saw the score in the exam ______ (他才意识到应该奋起直追了). 86、 It is imperative that the government ______ (吸引跟多资金投入汽车业). 87、 Since last year, Professor Wang ______(研究取得了重大进展). 答案: Part ? Writing 1、On Television Advertisement Nowadays, turning on television, (1) it is inevitable for you to see a numerous of advertisements. Different people hold different views towards those advertisements. Some think we need these information while others (2) find them annoying. In fact, TV advertisements do bring us some benefits. To begin with, those advertisements (3) keep us informed of the information of various products and enable more choices of (4) products of a kind. Besides, it is advertisement fee paid by the manufacturers that makes TV programs available to us inexpensively. However, on the other hand, advertisements may also bring much trouble. Some advertisements may exaggerate the effect of the products to attract consumers' attention and there are even false advertisements which aim at (5) illegible money making. And the breaking of the program that we are enjoying is really boring sometimes. In my opinion, advertisements should be broadcast selectively and television stations are responsible for the authenticity of TV advertisements. (6) Standardized advertisement broadcast can make us better enjoy TV programs. [审题] 本文是一篇六级考试中常见的议论文，要求考生就“电视广告”这个话题展开论述。根据题目要 求，考生应首先描述电视广告泛滥这一现象，然后分析其利弊，最后阐明自己的观点，提出建议或做 出总结。 [写作提纲] 一、电视广告繁多，人们意见不同(a numerous of，advertisements，different views) 二、分析电视广告的利弊 1(使我们了解产品信息，多样选择(keep informed of，more choices) 2(广告费用赞助我们喜爱的电视节目(advertisement fee，programs) 3(不实广告及虚假广告不正当牟利(exaggerate，false，illegible) 4(广告打断电视节目令人烦恼(breaking，boring) 三、提出建议 电视台有责任确保广告的真实性，并 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 广告播报(truth，standardizeD [解析] (1)it is inevitable to“…是不可避免的”，为亮点表达。 (2)find... annoying“认为…是恼人的”。 (3)keep us informed of“使我们了解情况”。 (4)... fa kind“同类的…”。 (5)illegible money making“不正当得利”。 (6)standardized advertisement broadcast“规范化的广告播放”。 Part ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 2、A [一点即通] 根据题干关键信息Paragraph 1定位到原文第一段第一、二句:Only hours after HIV vaccine researchers announced the achievement of a milestone that has eluded them for a quarter of a century，they began plotting their next steps—and coming back to reality，Their ultimate goal，halting the spread of AIDS， remains far in the future(可知HIV疫苗研究者宣布艾滋病疫苗防治方面有了里程碑式的重大突破，但 离成功阻止艾滋病蔓延还有很长的路要走，故选A项。 3、A [一点即通] 根据题干关键词achievements for HIV vaccine定位到原文第二段第一句:... the initial wave of joy had given way to the recognition that many questions will have to be answered before searchers... 可知在HIV疫苗可以有效预防艾滋病前 还有很多的问题需要解决，故选A项。 4、B [一点即通] 根据题干关键词figure out定位原文第三段第二句:Now they will try to figure out whether this combination of vaccines stimulated new molecules， or provoked an unusual blend of ones previously observed(可知研究者要弄清 楚两种疫苗联合是否可以激活新的分子或刺激产生不寻常的混合体，故选 B项。 5、C [一点即通] 根据题干关键词Thai trial定位原文第五段第二句:But a few researchers speculated that using them together—with one vaccine priming the immune system and the second boosting that response—would be more effective(可知研究者推 测第一支疫苗启动免疫系统，第二支疫苗提升反应，因此两者结合起来更有效。故选C项。 6、B [一点即通] 根据题干关键词disappointed定位原文第七段第一句:To the researchers’ disappointment， however，the vaccine did not reduce levels of HIV activity in those who became infected after being vaccinated(可知研究者发现，在注射疫 苗后感染HIV的人身上疫苗并没有降低HIV病毒的活性，故选 B项。 7、A [一点即通] 根据题干关键词Dr. Salim定位到第八段:Dr. Salim S. Abdool... said he was particularly eager to know whether people who got vaccinated and stayed healthy had a bigger response from the white blood cells known as cellular T lymphocytes(可知Salim医生想知道接种疫苗并且保持健康的人的白细胞可能反应更强烈，也 就是说，有一些人接种了疫苗，并且保持了健康，故选A项。 8、D [一点即通] 根据题干关键词looking for定位原文第九段最后一句:Then they will look for molecules that are more abundant in the healthy people(可知研究者要寻找 健康人特有的大量的分子，故选D项。 9、producing an effective vaccine [一点即通] 根据题干关键词verifying correlates of immunity定位到第十段第一句: Once researchers identify these so-called correlates of immunity，they can begin to look for ways to prompt the body to make them— the key to producing an effective vaccine。可知找到所谓的免疫相关性是研发出有效的疫苗的关键。 10、increase the risk of contracting the virus [一点即通] 根据题干关键词vaccine made by Merck & Co定位到原文最后一段最后一句: Another trial by Merck & Co(of a different vaccine was halted prematurely in 2007 when researchers found that the vaccine might increase the risk of contracting the virus... 可知该公司的疫苗被停产是因为其疫苗可能会增加病毒收缩的危险。 11、more questions than answers [一点即通] 全文讲述了HIV疫苗的初次成功带给人们惊喜，同时研究者发现还有很多问题， 其中进行的一些实验中也有些问题亟待解决。由本文的题目可得答案。 Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A 12、D [听力原文] . M: Mike said he's going to stay up all night studying for his geography exam tomorrow morning. W: Wouldn't he be better off getting a good night sleep so he'll feel fresh in the morning? Q: What does the woman mean? [一点即通] 女士反问男士，晚上睡个好觉第二天上午精神饱满，是不是更好一些。可见女士认 为好好休息一下将对Mike第二天上午的考试很有好处，故选D项。 13、A [听力原文] M: On my way up to our company I found this wallet in the elevator. What do you think I should do? W: As far as I am concerned, there is no other option than to take it to the receptionist. The lost-and-found box's there. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? [一点即通] 女士说没有比把钱包送到前台接待处更好的办法了，并且建议放到失物招领的箱子 里。故选A项。 14、B [听力原文] W: Mary wants to take statistics this year, but according to the requirements, she has to take the accounting course first. M: She may ask Professor Lee Smith if she could take them simultaneously. But I think all he can do is to say no. Q: What can you learn from the conversation? [一点即通] 女士提到，根据规定，玛丽必须先选会计学;男士认为玛丽可以询问李?史密斯教 授能否同时选修两门课，但李?史密斯教授也只能给以否定回答，因此玛丽可能会推迟选修统计学。 故选B项。 15、C [听力原文] M: I'm getting worried about our son. All he talks about these days is the games and all he does is practice. W: His grades will fall for sure. Let's have a talk with him when he's back and talk some sense into him. Q: What are the speakers probably going to tell their son? [一点即通] 男士提到儿子最近沉湎于玩游戏，女士认为这肯定会使他的成绩下降，应该在儿子 回来后给他讲讲道理。可见这对父母是想让他们的儿子多花点时间学习，而非游戏。故选C项。 16、B [听力原文] W: Do you know whether the super girl of last week was promoted to the state competition or got eliminated? M: Actually, I haven't been following her progress this week. Q: What does the man imply? [一点即通] 男士回答，他这个周根本就没关注超级女生的比赛进展情况，可知他根本就不知道 那名超级女生是否顺利晋级全国比赛。故选B项。 17、A [听力原文] W: Could you please tell me where I can find Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe? M: Sure. It should be over there with all the novels. They are arranged alphabetically by group. Q: Where is the conversation probably taking place? [一点即通] 男士询问《鲁滨逊漂流记》的所在，女士回答它与其他的小说按字母序分组放在那 边。由此推断，对话可能发生在图 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 馆，故选A项。 18、D [听力原文] W: Excuse me, Professor Anderson. I was absent from the last class and I heard that's when you handed out the course outline. Do you have an extra copy? M: I don't have anyone with me now. But there may be a few left in my office. Why don't you stop by after the class? Q: What will the woman probably do? [一点即通] 男土回答可能有剩余的课程大纲放在办公室里(并建议女士下课后顺便去办公室去 取，因此女士可能会去男士的办公室。故选D项。 19、B [听力原文] M: I feel like going for a picnic by the lake this weekend, but my car is at the garage to be fixed. W: My brother is going too. I think his SUV has room for another person. Q: What does the woman mean? [一点即通] 男士说想去野餐，但是汽车在修理店等待维修，女士回答她他哥哥也要去，并认为 他车上还可以容纳一人，可见女士想告诉男士她哥哥可以开车带男士去野餐。故选B项。 B 20、 [解析] 19-22 M: I'm Jack with human resources consultant Sharon Smith, and (19) this week on our program World master —(20) surviving a job interview! Ms. Smith, what's your advice for an interviewee? W: Well, (21) firstly avoid a flat monotone voice that people sometimes get when they are nervous. Besides, showing your passion and your eagerness to work for that company will add much. M: (20) What should the interviewee do for interview questions? W: Good interviewers will ask you very detailed questions and they'll want to know specifically your role in a particular project. So the key to giving a good answer to an interview question is to do what I call a STAR, S-T-A-R. The S and the T stand for explaining a situation or a task that you were given, the A is the action you took and the R is the results. M: So what you're saying is that you need to be prepared before you walk in the door. W: Right. Go through some mock interviews. Practice in the mirror, answering questions. Go in with three or four things you really want to stress about yourself. Then you can bring those out no matter what question is asked. M: (20) How do you follow up after an interview? W: Please send a thank-you letter or e-mail. Express sincere appreciation for the time that they spent interviewing you. (22) You have an opportunity tore-emphasize some of your strongest qualities and how your skills match their needs. 19. Q: Where does this talk most probably take place? [未听先知] 根据选项中的job，interview， interviewee，interviewer等关键词，可 以推断本段对话可能与面试有关。 [一点即通] 在对话开头男士说本周 World master节目的 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 是…，可推断对话发生在节目 演播室，故选B项。 21、A [解析] Q: What is the conversation mainly about? [一点即通] 在对话开头，男士点出了本次节目的话题是“如何通过面试”，之后提问了几个关于 如何准备面试和面试后的后续跟踪等问题，女士给出详细解答，故选A项。A项中的to get successful in an interview与对话中的 survive a job interview同义。 22、C [解析] Q: What might affect the interview according to Ms. Smith? [一点即通] 在对话开头，女士提到接受面试的人应该避免语调单一，无抑扬顿挫。言外之意是 语调会影响面试效果，故选 C项。 23、B [解析] Q: Why is a follow-up thank-you letter important ? [一点即通] 女士最后指出，面试后的后续感谢信是面试者再次强调自己的优势的机会，故选B 项。 24、B [解析] 23-25 M: Hello. W: Hi, George, it's Angel from creator writing class. M: Oh, hi, Angel, What's up? W: Well, I have a new project I thought you might be interested in. I'm setting up a writers group. You know a support group for people who trying to get published. M: (23) How would it work? W: We get together once a week. I've already applied for a meeting room in the library, and then (23) we share what we were working on and offer each other the advice. M: I could take some advice. I'm working on a short story that would like to get published in the campus literary review. You've done that, haven't you? (24) Didn't I see a poem of yours in the last issue? W: Yes, I was so excited to see finally my work in print. It was my third submission. You just have to keep trying if they turn you down. M: Well I'm sure the group could help me, but I don't know how much I can contribute. I'm really just starting out, doing a lot of work, but I'm definitely still in novels. W: That's OK, I know about you though the comments of your class, and you will be an asset. We are going to arrange more activities to help too. (25) Professor Granger has agreed to sit in on a few sessions and she's also going to make up a list of local professionals who might be willing to spend some time with us. M: Sounds great! You can definitely count me in. 23. Q: What would the writer group members do? [未听先知] 根据三道题各选项，由works， publish，campus，professor，group等关 键词推断该对话可能与学生、教授和出版有关。 [一点即通] 男士询问女士“作家团体”如何进行活动，女士的回答中提到，会员们互相阅读作品， 并相互提意见。故选B项。 25、C [解析] Q: How did Tom get to know Angel? [一点即通] 男士提到他是在上一期的校文学评论上见过Angel的名字，故选C项。 26、D [解析] Q: What will Professor Granger offer to do to help the group? [一点即通] 女士在最后提到，Granger教授同意出席一些会议，而且还会给他们提供一张可能 参加他们会议的本地专业作者的名单。故选B项。 Section B 27、B [解析] 26-29 As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States increased The arrival of (26) a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling. (27) By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened Kindergartens, vocation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants. ( 28 ) Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the needs of specific populations. Immigrant women were one such population. Schools tried to educate young women so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropriate for women was the home. Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women. American education gave homemaking a new definition. In preindustrial economies, homemaking had meant the production as well as the consumption of goods, and it commonly included income-producing activities both inside and outside the home, (29) in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States, however, overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. Thus, the ideal American homemaker was viewed as A consumer rather than a producer. Schools trained women to be consumer homemakers, cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children "efficiently" in their own homes, or if economic necessity demanded, as employees in the homes of others. 26. Q: What made the great expansion of formal schooling possible? [未听先知]根据各选项中的education， reformer，school，population等关键词，判 断本篇短文可能与教育改革有关。 [一点即通] 短文提到，来自南欧和东欧的大量移民对于正规教学的大规模扩张起着很大作用。 故选B项。 28、D [解析] Q: Which of the following is an important change in United States education by the 1920s? [一点即通] 短文提到，到1920年，在大多数州14岁(或超过14岁)以下的教育是强制性的。故 选D项。 29、A [解析] Q: What is the idea of the early-twentieth century education reformers? [一点即通] 短文提到，20世纪早期的改革家建议教育应该与特殊人群的需要相符。故选A项。 30、A [解析] Q: What is the problem confronting America in the earlier twentieth century? [一点即通] 短文提到，在20世纪早期，工业高度发达，物资短缺的问题正在被物资过剩的问题 取代。故A项正确。 31、C [解析] 30-32 (30) "Marginal" lands might have low quality soil. Or they might be on a hillside that rises sharply. Or they might be in an area that gets limited rainfall. In any case, they are the last to be planted under good conditions and the first to be abandoned under bad conditions. But there are uses for marginal lands. Most often they are used as grasslands for cattle, sheep or goats. A farmer might use native grasses or non-native seeds. Either way, it is important to establish good ground cover to avoid the loss of soil through erosion. But using marginal land for grazing is not as simple as it might sound Cattle can damage forage(草料) crops by eating down to the roots. Their weight also crushes the soil. That can make the ground too hard for growing. (31) A way to reduce the damage from overgrazing is to move animals from one field to another. Experts say rotational grazing like this is extremely important for marginal land. Another use for marginal land is for tree crops. (32)Trees help support the soil. They reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain. And they can provide grazing animals with shade from the sun. Studies have shown that white pines grow well on marginal land. They grow fast and provide good quality wood There are slower-growing trees like the black walnut that provide a nut crop as well as wood Marginal lands need care. Failing to take care of them might only make a bad situation worse. But good planning can turn a marginal resource into a highly productive one. 30. Q: Which of the following is a marginal land? [未听先知]根据各选项中韵land，marginal lands，trees，animals，grass等关键词， 推断该短文可能与土地的使用有关。 [一点即通] 短文开头提到边缘性土地土质差，一般位于陡坡处或雨水稀缺处，故选 C项。 32、D [解析] Q: According to the speaker, how to reduce the damage on marginal lands from overgrazing? [一点即通] 短文提到，减轻过度放牧的损害的一个方法是将牲畜从一个地方转移到另一地方放 牧。专家认为这种循环放牧对保护边缘性土地非常重要。故选D项。 33、C [解析] Q: Which of the following is NOT the advantage of planting trees on marginal land? [一点即通] 短文提到，在边缘性土地上种树可以提高土质，减弱风雨土壤对土壤的侵袭，并可 以为牲畜提供阴凉地，但文中没有提到种树可以松土，故选C项。 34、B [解析] 33-35 Four schools around the United States are taking part in a project that honors women pioneers in the arts, sports, media, and other fields. (33)The program is designed to inspire students to pursue their dreams despite difficult odds. The "Empowering America" project has produced around one-minute audio records that are already airing on U.S. radio stations. The audio series is being introduced in schools, along with study materials, to stimulate classroom discussions. The project is going to schools with large minority populations, where some students face added difficulties. (34) Many of these kids are being raised by single parent. Some of them are women. That's why it's so important, not just for the girls to seek positive inspiration from these women, but also the boys, to see the difference that women have made in this world The project oil pioneering women was created by an organization called American Women in Radio and Television. Executive director Maria Brennan says (35) the terrorist attacks of September 2001 gave impetus to the project. The idea was born before September 11, interestingly enough that summer. After the tragedy of September 11, Maria and her colleagues put it all on a fast track to try to get it out there. They felt that the country was at a time where heroes are needed Later they were able to get these records produced, put on CDs, pressed, distributed The stories of pioneering women are reaching students at a critical time, in early adolescence. 33. Q: What's the purpose of the "Empowering America" project? [未听先知] 根据各选项中的women pioneers( students，boys等关键词，推断该短文可 能与学习妇女先锋有关。 [一点即通] 短文开头提到该项目的意图是激励学生们追求自己的梦想，故选B项。 35、A [解析] Q: Why is it important for boys to seek positive inspiration from the women pioneers? [一点即通] 短文提到，许多孩子是由单亲母亲抚养长大的，这是让男孩学习那些女人们的积极 精神的一个重要原因。故选 A项。 36、C [解析] Q: What sped up the project? [一点即通] 短文提到，2001年的9.11恐怖袭击事件促使了这个项目的开展，故选C项。 Section C 37、ensure [听力原文] 36-46 When shopping online, it is important to bear a few basics in mind Not only will these help keep you safe but they will also (36) ensure you find the best bargains possible, regardless of what you're looking to buy. The Internet is a completely different marketplace from live, face-to-face transacting, and this poses certain (37)Inherent problems. Firstly, make sure you know you can trust the seller. If you're buying from a private individual through an independent selling platform like an online (38)auction site, make sure you check their (39) feedback score or ratings to determine whether or not they are reliable. (40)Alternatively if you happen to buy from an online company, or branded website, make sure they are (41)reputable and carry secure ordering facilities. That way, you're less likely to get (42)ripped off by some unscrupulous seller, or to suffer from credit card (43)fraud At the end of the day, (44) you wouldn't hand over money to a stranger in the street in return for a promise to dispatch goods, so make sure you have something concrete to suggest the seller's reliability before handing over your details. Overall, (45)shopping online needn't he a risky business if you take the necessary precautions to protect your identity and credit card details. Furthermore, provided you ensure the reliability of the seller, you can pick up some great shopping deals without too much research work or hassle. (46) Embrace the Internet us a shopping forum, and you too could soon benefit from cheaper shopping with greater selection, regardless of the products you want to buy. [一点即通] ensure意为“确保”。由空格前的will判断此处缺少动词。 38、inherent [一点即通] inherent意为“内在的”。空格前有动词pose后有名词problems，可判断此处 为形容词来修饰后面的名词。 39、auction [一点即通] auction意为“拍卖”。空格前有冠词an及后有名词site，可判断此处为名词或形 容词修饰site。 40、feedback [一点即通] feedback意为“反馈”。空格前有物主代词their及后有名词score(可判断此处 为名词或形容词修饰score。 41、Alternatively [一点即通] alternatively意为“或者”。填写此空时需要注意单词拼写和首字母大写。 42、reputable [一点即通] reputable意为“声誉良好的”。此空跟在系动词be后面。可能为名词或形容词。 43、ripped [一点即通] get ripped off意为“被骗，被敲竹杠”。此空要注意双写p。 44、fraud [一点即通] fraud意为“欺骗，诈骗”。由空前的动词词组suffer from可判断此处为名词。 45、you wouldn't hand over money to a stranger in the street in retain for a promise to dispatch goods [一点即通] 不要相信陌生人承诺会给你发货而在大街上把钱交给他。 [得分点] hand over money to a stranger，promise，dispatch goods。 [第二答案] don't give money in the street to a stranger who promises to dispatch goods( shopping online needn't be a risky business if you take the necessary 46、 precautions to protect your identity and credit card details [一点即通] 如果采取了必要的措施保护好个人身份证和信用卡的详细资料，网上购物就不会有 风险。 [得分点] risky，take precautions，protect identity and credit card details。 [第二答案] if you are careful enough with your identity and credit card details，shopping online won't be a risky business( 47、Embrace the Internet as a shopping forum，and you too could soon benefit from cheaper shopping with greater selection [一点即通] 接受网络将网络作为一个购物场所，在更多的挑选中你很快就会体会到价格上的优 惠。 [得分点] embrace the Internet，cheaper，benefit from，greater selection。 [第二答案] You'll benefit from the cheaper shopping with greater selection when you shop online( Part ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A 48、they are lonelier than ever [一点即通] 根据题干关键词the first paragraph定位到原文第一段第二句But the sad truth is that Americans are lonelier than ever(可知美国人比以前感到更加的孤独 寂寞。 49、a series of physical and mental ailments [一点即通] 根据题干关键词isolation from society(定位到原文第二段第二句:Social isolation in all adults has been linked to a series of physical and mental ailments... 可知成年人与社会的隔离会导致一系列身体和精神上的疾病，如睡眠失调，高血压等。 题干中的grow-up和link to与句中的adult和lead to为同义替换。 50、Rising stress levels and weakening immune system( [一点即通] 根据题干关键词two problems定位到原文第二段第四句:Studies have shown that loneliness can cause stress levels to rise and can weaken the immune system(可知研究发现孤独导致压力上升和削弱免疫系统的两大问题。 51、how many miles they ale from home [一点即通] 根据题干关键词how lonely freshmen定位到原文第三段第四句:Studies have shown that how lonely freshmen will feel can be predicted by how many miles they are from home... 即研究显示大一新生的孤独感可以通过离家的远近距离预测出来。题干 中的indicate与句中的show为同义替换。 52、measure themselves against others [一点即通] 根据题干关键词people，tend to 定位到文章最后一段第二句至末句People tend to measure themselves against others... That's why... For the same reason， isolated individuals feel most acutely alone on holidays like Christmas Eve or Thanksgiving，when most people are surrounded by family and friends(可 知孤立的人之所以更孤独(是因为人们经常把自己跟周围有亲友在侧的人相比。 Section B Passage One 53、C [深度点拨]根据选项关键词the grandparents' generation定位到原文第二段首句: While infectious disease was a disaster recently as our grandparents' generation，chronic disease is killing us and harming our wellbeing—and obesity is the root cause(可知祖父母一代深受传染疾病的危害，而当今的美国人则受慢性疾病折磨…— 肥胖是慢性疾病的根源，故C项正确符合原文。 [避错指导] 当代美国人与他们的祖辈所经受的主要疾病不同，故排除A项;当今美国人高死亡 率不是由传播性疾病、而是由慢性病引起的，故排除B项;根据第四段首句:Obesity... is linked to about one third of the increase in domestic health spending since the mid-1980s. 可知医疗费用越来越高，故排除D项。 54、C [深度点拨] 根据题干关键词obesity定位到原文第三段末句:But the obesity crisis isn't simply a health crisis;it is also an economic crisis—and the amount that it costs us in terms of lost lives，lost productivity， and lost dollars is staggering... 可知肥胖症同时也是经济危机，导致很大的经济支出，故C项符合原文。 [避错指导]根据原文第三段第二句:... for the first time ever，children may have a shorter lifespan than their parents(可知美国的孩子可能，而不是一定会比他们的 父母寿命短(排除A项;根据原文第四段第二句:It is a huge cost driver in Medicare and Medicaid—so even if you or your family members are not obese， you，like the rest of us，are paying for this crisis. 可知肥胖症只是医疗支出的重要(而不是主要) 的推动因素，并且每一个美国人都在为此买单，排除B、D项。 55、B [深度点拨] 根据题干关键词study at a University of Florida定位到原文第四段末句: A University of Florida study found that health-care spending for 65-year-old men of normal weight was 6 to 13 percent less over the remainder of their lifetime than those who were overweight or obese. 可知研究发现体重正常的65岁老 人在余生所花费的医疗费用比肥胖的人花费少6%到13%，故B项符合原文。 [避错指导] A项不是该研究的发现;C项没有说明这一发现的年数范围是65岁;胖人花费的医 疗费用多们，并不意味着他们交的医疗保险费高，故排除D项。 56、D [深度点拨] 根据原文第五段最后一句:... in our workplaces (such as offering tax credits to employers that offer wellness benefits and encourage health inside and outside of the workplace)... 可知美国的雇主只是可能给员工提供健康福利，并没有 提到员工的医疗保险是免费的，故选D项。 [避错指导] 根据第五段的最后一句，可以找到A、B、C项的原文依据。 57、B [深度点拨] 根据选项关键词the government定位原文最后一段第一句:At a time when Americans are on tight budgets and Congress is struggling to “find” savings to pay for health-care reform... 可知国会正在努力筹集医疗改革所需要的资金，由此推 断美国政府在医疗改革中遇到了财政资金短缺的问题，故选B项。 [避错指导] 第五段第二句:Policy changes in Washington are a critical part of the solution(是作者的观点，作者认为政府的政策改变是解决肥胖问题的关键，这只是一种 希望，无法由此推断政府已经做出了政策改变，排除A项;C项也只是作者提出的建议，政府并未统 一规定学校提供的午餐达到营养标准;D项绝对化，如果所有的人都意识到了减肥的重要性，作者就 没有写这篇文章的必要了。 Passage Two 58、C [一点即通] 根据题干关键词first paragraph定位到第一段第二、三句:... most faculty have become comfortable using word processing programs，e-mail，and the World Wide Web... the percentage of college classes using technology continues to increase... 可知大部分教职员工已经习惯使用文字处理程序、电子邮件、万维网等，并且调查证 明信息技术在高等院校的课堂上使用率在继续增加。故C符合原文。 [深度点拨] 由第一段第三节可知，44.4%的老师使用e-mail，36%的老师则在分发的演示讲 义，排除A、B项;由原文第一句可知，信息技术几乎(virtually)在高等教育的各学科中使用，并 非所有的学科都在使用，故排除D项。 59、A [一点即通] 根据题干关键词deeper uses of technology可定位至第二段第一、二 句:...uses of technology... still do not capitalize on the real power of technology to make available real-world situations, aid visualization, facilitate collaborative activity among students, support analysis and synthesis of information, simulate complex environments, and provide continual feedback. These "deeper" uses of technology.. 可知第二句 中的 these "deeper" uses of technology 只待第一句中的 to make available realworld situations, aid visualization, facilitate collaborative activity among students 等。由此可知, B、C和D均为属于深度技术使用，只有A项不属于这一范畴，故选A项。 60、A [深度点拨] 根据题干关键词 new knowledge 定位到第三段第一句:Educational research reveals that new knowledge grows out of the process of relating new ideas to what we already know and exploring the interrelationships among ideas; new knowledge is not transmitted but is created by the learner. 可知新知识 的产生源自与已学知识类比，即已有知识与新想法之间产生联系。故A符合原文。 [避错指导] 在本段中，作者说新知识不是传播(transmit)而来的，而是学习者创造的，因此 可排除B项;只有在将已有知识与新思想类比的时候才能产生新知识，所以排除C项;新思想的产生 不仅要求从经验中提取认识，还要和他人的经验进行类比，故排除D项。 61、C [深度点拨] 根据题干关键词the subsequent research，Western Michigan University定位到第四段第一、二句:Subsequent research at Western Michigan University also highlighted the importance of these factors( Faculty members On that campus were surveyed to identify factors that might influence the use of new instructional technologies(可知在教职工中做调查是为了确定影响教学技术使用的因素， 故C项符合原文。 [避锚指导] 由第一句中的also可知，本段承接了上一段落;these factors指前一段落中提 到的产生新知识的几种渠道，因此容易误选A项，但是由全段内容可知，本段主要探索了影响教学技 术使用的因素，故排除A项。 62、C [深度点拨] 根据题干关键词the last paragraph和选项关键词tenure定位到最后一段末 句In addition， however，faculty noted the importance of knowing that their efforts would contribute to promotion and tenure and would be recognized by the university community(可知教师们非常注重自己(使用教学技术)的努力有助于晋升和任 期，由此推断，使用教学技术的老师可能会得到晋升或延长任期，故选C项。 [避错指导] A在文中没有推测依据，文中只提到上级领导的支持很重要，但没有说是否是使用 教学科技的最关键的因素，排除B项;由末段的种种制约因素可知，教学技术并非易于使用，排除D 项。 Part ? Cloze 63、B [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:火星探险仍在继续。故选B adventure“冒险，探险”。 [避错指导] A risk“风险，危险”;C travel“旅行”;D advancement“前进，提高”。 64、A [一点即通] 动词辨义题。本处意思是:这是探测火星表面的“自动机器人科学家” 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 的一部分。故选A explore“探索，探测”。 [避错指导] B explode“爆炸，爆发”;C exploit“开采;剥削”;D deplore"哀叹，悲痛”。 65、D [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:… 是欧洲太空局2011年的ExoMars“漫游者”任务的关键。D mission“使命，任务”。 [避错指导] A delegation“委派，代表团”;B assignment“分配的任务”;C undertaking“承诺，保证”。 66、A [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:这个配备有众多的科学仪器和探测器的六轮飞行器…。A instrument“仪器，器具，器械”，侧重精密仪器或乐器等。 [避错指导] B facility“设备，设施”，侧重指给工作生活带来便利的工具;C appliance“器具，装备”，通常指需要动力才能操作的家用电器和装置等;D apparatus“仪器;设备，装置”，侧重指成套的仪器、装置。 67、B [一点即通] 动词辨义题。本处意思是:EADS Astrium公司正在研制ExoMars火星漫游者的原型…。B develop“开发，研发”。 [避错指导] A research“(学术)研究;调查”;B proceed“继续进行，着手”;C invent“发”。 明 68、C [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:…融合其他英国研究机构的技术。C technology“科技，技术”。 [避错指导] A skill“技能，技巧”;B technique“工艺，方法”;D achievement“成就，成果”。 69、B [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:为了寻找与火星相似的地形…。B terrain“地形，地势”。 [避错指导] A territory“范围，领土”;C field“田地，领域”;D land“土地”。 70、A [一点即通] 动词辨义题。本处意思是:因为任何湿气都会影响轮下沙土的反作用。A react“反作用，反应”。 [避错指导] B respond“反应，回应”一般指人;C reflect“反映，反射”;D reflex“反射(作用)，本能的反应”。 71、C [一点即通] 逻辑衔接题。本处意思是:探测队正在改进车轮、悬吊和驱动系统的性能，这样漫游车着陆时就不会陷入复杂的地形中。此处需要表示顺承的连词，故选C so“如此，这样”。 [避错指导] A thus表结果前边通常有and，或后接现在分词;B however表转折D but表转折。 72、A [一点即通] 固定搭配题。本处意思是:无线电信号到达地球需要长达20分钟的时间。up to“高达…”。 [避错指导] B，C两项不能与叩构成搭配;D down to意为“直到”。 73、D [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:这就需要一个强大的导航系统。D navigation“导航”。 [避错指导] A aviation“飞行、航空学”;B pilot“领航员”;C guidance“指导;引导”。 74、D [一点即通] 副词辨义题。本处意思是:…允许漫游者独立运作。D solo“单独地，独奏”。 [避错指导] A merely、B only、C simply表示“仅仅，只”，只能放在修饰词前面。 75、C [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:因此，他们也在开发新一代的计算机软件的功能。C capability“功能，性能”。 [避错指导] A capacity“容量;生产力”，B ability“能力，才能”;D power“权力，本领”。 D 76、 [一点即通] 介词辨义题。本处意思是:漫游者将满载着 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 得重量轻、体积小的科学仪器。D with“携带”。 [避错指导] of，to，in都不能表示“携带”的意思。 77、A [一点即通] 动词辨义题。本处意思是:延长的探测时间对于严格的测试非常重要。A extend“延长，延伸，扩展”。 [避错指导] B expand“扩张，膨胀”;C intend“想要，打算”;D span“一段时间，跨度”。 78、C [一点即通] 语义衔接题。本处意思是:当我们向太空发射探测器时…。C when“当…时”。 [避错指导] before，after，if均不符合上下文语义。 79、B [一点即通] 动词辨义题。本处意思是:我们必须确保这些探测器能够经受住辐射环境…。B survive“在…之后仍然生存，从…中逃生”，强调在危险中幸存或逃过劫难。 C revive“复兴，苏醒”;D survey“审视，调查”。 [避错指导] A live“活着”， 80、A [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:…能够经受住辐射环境和极端炎热和寒冷的气候。A extreme“极端，末端”。 [避错指导] B extract“摘录，提取物”;C terminal“末端;终点”;D radical“根部，基础”。 81、A [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:我们的科学效能至关重要，故障可能会影响科学效能。A productivity“生产力，生产能效”。 [避错指导] B activity“能力”;C product“产品，产物”;D produce“产品;农产品”。 82、B [一点即通] 名词辨义题。本处意思是:我们取回的科学样本越多，就越能证明投资更多的财力进行行星探索的必要。B justification“证明，正当的理由”。 [避错指导] A justifiability“可辩明性;合理性”;C rationalization“合理化”;D modification“修改，改变”。 Part ? Translation 83、as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure [解析] ?结构:as well as“也，和…一样”;?词组:thorough knowledge“透彻的了解”。 [拓展] 汉译英翻译技巧的应用。汉语中动词“了解”翻译成英语中名词knowledge，同原句中的skill并列，共同作call for的宾语，避免增加谓语，句子更简洁。 84、apply what we have learned in class to practice [解析] ?为了句子平衡，it作形式主语，不定式真实主语移到后面;?词组:apply to practice“付诸实践”。 [拓展] apply for“申请”，注意与apply to区分 85、did he realize that he needed to catch up [解析] ?only引导状语从句时，主句部分倒装，故在主句中助动词did提前;?词组:catch up“赶上”。 [拓展] catch up后加宾语时，需加介词with。 86、attract more investment into the automobile industry [解析] ?虚拟语气在从句中的应用;?词组:automobile industry“汽车产业”。 [拓展] It is imperative/necessary/essential/important/suggested/advised that... 结构中，从句谓语使用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。 87、has made significant advance in his research …取得进展” [解析] ?现在完成时;?词组:make advance in表示“在 [拓展] since last year是典型的现在完成时的时间标志。其他典型时间标志还有already，recently，for two months，in the past five years等。