现代大学英语精读2课后答案
Lesson One Another School Year --- What For?
II . Vocabulary
1. Practice using the rules of word formation.
1) Examine how the words specialize and simplify are formed. Find out the meanings of the suffixes ―–ize‖ and ―–fy‖.suffixes ―–ize‖, from Greek,
is used to form verbs meaning:
(1) to cause to be, to make
(2) to become
(3) to put into the stated place
suffixes ―–fy‖, from Latin, is used to form verbs meaning: to cause to be, to make.
2) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–ize‖ and vice versa.
capitalize apology
centralize civil
finalize fertile
hospitalize industrial
idealize real
3) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–fy‖
clarify classify identify intensify justify
4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.
(1) fertilize (2) realize (3) summarized (4) criticized (5) purified (6) qualify (7) justify (8) simplified (9) classified (10) terrified 2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.
(1) see to it that (2)do with (3)put you in touch with (4)average out to (5) had no business (6)true of (7)be out to (8)specialized in (9) are stuck (10)are exposed to (11)averaged out to (12)see to it that 3. Choose the right word and put it in the proper form. i 1) tell, said 2) tell 3) talking, saying 4) said, speak/talk 5) said, spoke ii 1) fairly 2)fairly, rather 3) rather
iii 1) sensitive 2) sensible 3) sensible
4. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets. 1) depend on/upon 2)preside over 3)insisted on 4)interfere in/with 5)are longing for/longed for 6)has been concentrated on 7)was agreed on/upon 8)hesitating about/over 9)resort to 10)complaining about, rely on/upon 11)succeeded in
5. Put in the missing words.
(1)varies (2)probably (3)other (4)period (5)reason (6)powers (7)about (8)then (9)take (10)found (11)for (12)mean (13)less (14)are (15)does (16)tend
III . Grammar
1. Complete the following sentence wit one of these ways of expressing
future time, using the verbs in the brackets.
1) will host
2) will have been completed/will be completed
3) shall/will do
4) will work, is held
5) will be
6) is going to be/will be
7) will have (been) moved
8) will be
9) are going to learn
10) are going to work2.
2. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the right emphasizing coordinate conjunctions.
1) Both his sister and brother are lawyers.
2) What they lack is not money but experience.
3) They have come to China not only to learn Chinese, but also to learn about her culture as well.
4) I find the new manager neither easy to get along with nor delightful to talk to.
5) You may either write your essay in your regular exercise book or print
a copy if you do it on your computer.
3. Put in the right preposition from the list below.
1) as, on
2) like
3) out of
4) For/On, along with
5) By/Near, behind, in, with
6) as, in, in, from, to/into, at/from
7) about, to, from, with, near, from, in, in, on, like
8) on/upon, of, round, on, beside, for, by, off, into, under, to, on, on to, under
IV . Written work
Suppose you are the writer and write what you said to the tall student about the purpose of a university in about 130 words.
Sample:
One day back in January of 1940 , a student came to my office and told me that he had come to college to be a pharmacist. He said he didn‘t see why he should read Shakespeare. I tried, to the best of my ability, to explain what a university is supposed to do. I told him that the job of a university was to produce/ turn out specialists is who were at the same time civilized citizens. In other words, the business of a university is not only to help its students acquire knowledge and professional skills, but
also to put them in touch with the great minds of the past. I pointed out that if a person just wanted to be a mechanized savage he had no business being in college.
Lesson Two Maheegun My Brother
II . Vocabulary
1. Practice using the rules of word formation.
1) Complete the following sentences with the words in their proper forms from the list below. Write N (noun) or V (verb).
(1) risks (N)
(2) waste (V)
(3) journey (N)
(4) hit (V)
(5) journeyed (V)
(6) camp (V)
(7) bandaged (V)
2) Study how the compound words―snow-filled‖(para.23) and
―blood-soaked‖(para.29) are formed.
snow-filled (adj.): ___ + ____ (meaning: filled with snow) blood-soaked (adj.) ____ + ___ (meaning: soaked with blood) Put the following phrases into Chinese.
(1) 国营的工厂
(2) 家庭制作的蛋糕
(3) 由衷的感谢
(4) 敌人占领区
(5) 白雪覆盖的田野
(6) 应试教育
(7) 政府所控股份
(8) 贫困的山村
(9) 以学生为中心的方法
(10)裹着糖衣的药片
2( Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in
their proper forms.
1) at the edge of 2) in search of 3) come into focus 4) only too „ to
5) work their way out of
6) blew itself out 7) in his place
8) quite down
9) in search of
10) came into focus
3. Choose the right phrasal verbs in the brackets and put them in proper forms.
1) tore off 2) tore off 3) tore down 4) tearing, away 4. Put the Chinese into English.
1) They have stored all the patients‘ records into the computer.
2) The blind man‘s sad music played at night could move us to tears.
3) She put a wet towel on my forehead to stop my nose bleeding.
4) Each time she came back home, she would first throw her handbag onto the sofa.
5) Never point your finger at the person you are speaking to. 6) The detective followed him to No. 5, Happiness, Street. 7) After he divided us into two groups, Mr. Nelson took one group to the lab.
8) The drover took her to a nearby hospital immediately. 9) The teachers are making a great effort to expose the students to the best of world literature.
5. Put in the missing words.
(1) used (2) around/in (3) variety (4) kept (5) try (6) As (7) ways (8) where (9) outdoors (10) are (11) provide (12) can (13) existed (14) however (15) safe (16) undisturbed (17) reserves (18) among
III . Grammar
1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.
1) before we use the new laptop
2) when it was fine
3) when he heard a familiar voice calling her
4) until his father was killed in an accident
5) before the two countries can reach an agreement 6) when I heard someone downstairs
7) as soon as I heard the strange noise
8) when the letter of admission arrived from Peking University 9) before you can expect a promotion
10) before we arrived there
2. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed, put in a slash―/‖.
1) The, an, /, a, the, the, /, /, /, /, /
2) /, /, The, a, a, /, a, /, /, the, /, /, /
IV . Written work
Answer the question in about 130 words.
How did the boy in the story get in a snowstorm and how did Maheegun come to his rescue?
Sample:
When the boy was walking home after spending the Easter holidays in his cousins‘ place, he got lost in a snowstorm and was trapped in the wild. On the third or fourth day, the boy was in a very dangerous situation: it was terribly cold, and he could hardly find any more wood to build a fire. What‘s more, he cut
his hand by accident, and a wolf followed the bloodspots on the snow and found where he was. Soon another wolf came, and the two of them were only 50 feet away. Just then Maheegun appeared as if from nowhere. He drove off the other two. Throughout the night, Maheegun staye with the boy, watching for any attackers. The next day the search team arrived and took the boy home.
Lesson Three More Crime and Less Punishment
II. Vocabulary
1. Practice using the rules of word formation
1)Examine how the words ―approval‖and ―nontraffic‖are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffix "-al" and prefix
"non-" with the help of a dictionary.
approval: approve + -al
nontraffic: non- + traffic
Suffix "-al", from Latin, is used to form nouns meaning "the act of", e. g.
approve + -al ---- approval (n. ) = the act of approving Prefix "non-", from Latin, usually means "not". 2) Turn the following verbs into nouns by adding "-al" and vice versa. Add more words to the list.
Verb Noun Verb Noun
renew -> renewal arrive <- arrival
deny denial disapprove disapproval
dismiss dismissal propose proposal
refuse refusal withdraw withdrawal
survive survival
3) Add the prefix "non-" to the following words and then put them into Chinese.
(1) 不侵犯 (6)非专业的;非专业人员
(2)不合作 (7)不抵抗
(3) 不存在 (8)不抽烟者
(4) 非小说作品 (9)不
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(5) 不干涉 (10)非暴力
2. Give the opposite of the following.
1) to disapprove 2) uncertainty 3) uncomfortable 4) destruction 5) cheap/inexpensive 6) past
7) rise/increase 8 ) unfeasible/infeasible/impossible/impractical 9) gentle/mild 10) to release
11)minor/unimportant 12) minimum 13) unnecessary 14) powerful 15) unreal 16) to increase
17) to accept 18) to gather/ to collect 19) soft 20) nonviolence
3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.
1) work out to 2) so ... as to 3) due to
4) pay for 5) has charge of 6) was faced with
7) get tough with 8) the other way around 9) works out to/amounts to
10) under (close) supervision
12) works out to 13) under the supervision of 14) amount to 4. Supply three or four verbs/phrasal verbs, or nouns/noun phrases for the following.
1) commit, deter, prevent, punish, reduce (crimes) 2) carry out, conduct, do
3) find, offer, seek, suggest, work out, have
4) carry out, impose, make, present
5) find, gather, give, produce, provide, seek
6) a worker, a class, a proposal, a question, a suggestion, the charge
7) knowledge, experience, strength, weight, speed, permission, approval, admission, advantage
8) a prisoner, a film, a missile, information, news, pain, sb.'s arm, the bird
9) the birth/death/crime rate, one's voice, rent, the interest, the price, the taxes, the standards
10) a debt, cash, rent, the interest, the price, the taxes, the tuition, wages, salary
5. Choose the right word from the bracket and put it in the proper form.
1) cost 2) paid 3) spend 4) convince
5) persuade 6) convinced 7) rejected/refused 8) rejected 9) refuse 10) refused
6. Examine the uses of "fail" and "suggest" in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.
Other possible uses of "fail" and "suggest":
fail: to fail (vi. )
to fail sb.
Suggest: to suggest sth.
to suggest doing sth.
to suggest + that-clause in the subjective mood 7. Give the verb patterns of the underlined part in the sentences below, list other possible verbs, and then, based on the information given, complete the sentences with the words given in the brackets.
Verb patterns: to be + wh-clause
to make + it + adj. + to-infinitive (phrase)
Other possible verbs: consider, feel, find, think One possibility of the sentences;
1) what Robert has decided to do with his money when Robert is going to build a library in his town with his own money
how Robert is going to spend his money next year where Robert is going to build a library with his own money 2) why/how the two leaders finally became rivals 3) why they preached their ideas persistently
4) where we agreed to meet yesterday
5) when I've helped sb. out of difficulty/when I feel really useful/when I feel myself
needed and wanted/when I am respected and loved/when I have the power and money to do sth. worthwhile, etc.
6) feel it necessary to stay with my grandmother and take care of her
7) has made it possible for the central and western parts of China to develop at a much faster speed
8) have found it profitable to invest big money in recycling industrial wastes
9) think it essential to have a highly developed culture if we want to modernize our society
10) consider it important to see our limitations as well as our strengths
8. Put in the missing words.
(1) looked (2) home (3) at (4) a (5) furniture
(6) always (7) later (8) tied (9) the (10) Other
(11) police (12) Carrying (13) line (14) wonder (15) did (16) as (17) led (18) stopped (19) help (20) puzzled (21) down (22) staring (23) It's (24) else (25) me (26) at (27) drove
III. Grammar
1.Combine each pair of the sentences after the model using the words and expressions below.
1) The boy fell off his bike and broke his leg.
2) It rained all day yesterday, so we got nothing done in the fields.
3) The man was so tired that he could hardly put one foot before the other.
4) The old man walked 50 fast that his children found it hard to keep up with him.
5) The man was so badly injured that they took him straight to the hospital.
Or: The man was badly injured and was taken straight to the hospital.
6) I don't think he is so stupid as to give up his present position when jobs are hard to obtain.
7) The professor spoke very fast, 50 (that) none of the students could take complete notes.
Or: The professor spoke so fast that none of the students could take complete notes.
8) We found so much to talk about that it was late at night when we remembered the time.
9) Mr. Hu repeated his remarks in English and French, so that nobody misunderstood
what he said.
10) The man went to meet a girlfriend he had got to know on the Web, but only to find she was his own wife.
11) As it's something urgent, the sooner you finish it, the better. Or: As it's something urgent, please finish it as soon as possible. 12) The medical team must set out immediately, because the sooner they arrive, the more victims they will be able to save. 2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples. 1) Using "as ...as"
(1) Adults love Hans Christian Andersen's stories as much as children (do).
(2) In China, New Concept English is almost as popular as Professor Xu's textbook
English.
(3) Sometimes a journalist's job is as dangerous as that of a policeman.
(4) A society needs farmers and factory workers as much as it needs scientists and
economists.
(5) At 60, he is as eager to learn as he was 40 years ago when he was a college student.
(6) The film wasn't as good as we expected. It was just so-so. (7) He is not doing as well as his parents want him to.
(8) The boys find life at college is not as exciting as they used to think.
(9) The guard spoke as politely as if the boy were a welcome guest.
(10) In old age, a man's life is as calm and peaceful as a river running through a vast plain.
2) Using "more ... than"
(1) Prices have been rising faster than incomes.
(2) Relations between the two countries are better than they were 10 years ago.
(3) Since the end of World War II, the world has been changing faster than before the war.
(4) Today a high school student knows more about the personal computer than scientists did 50 years ago.
(5) The world has become more crowded than it was 50 years ago.
(6) On the whole, people are living a better life than they did 30 years ago.
(7) The sooner you learn from your mistakes, the more you will improve.
(8) The more you learn, the better you will see how little you knew before.
4.Learn to use the passive voice correctly.
1) The sentences tell us about the changes that have taken place in your hometown in the last twenty years or so. Turn each of them into the passive form and write it down in the space below. (1) Most slums have been pulled down.
(2) Quite a lot of decent economical houses have been built for low-income families.
(3) The main streets have been widened, and three
superhighways have been constructed.
(4) The service industry has been steadily developed. (5) Over the years, thousands of jobs have been created in the service industry for the residents.
(6) A lot has been done to improve the environment. (7) Quite a number of factories have been moved out of the city. (8) A lot of money has been spent on education and medical care.
(9) More than 40,000 young people have been enrolled in the universities in the last
three years.
(10) The facilities of our major hospitals have been upgraded. 2) Change the infinitive phrase into suggestions, using the pattern "I think something should be done" or "I suggest (that)
something be done".
(1) TV violence should be strictly controlled.
(2) The police force should be provided with better equipment and training.
(3) Criminals/crimes should be punished more severely when crimes/they are on the
increase.
(4) Those who help the police fight crime should be awarded. (5) Emphasis should be put on rehabilitation instead of on punishment.
(6) Efforts should be made to turn criminals into useful members of society.
(7) Wrongdoers should be given opportunities to start life afresh. (8) Lawbreakers who are willing to turn over a new leaf shoul4 not be looked down
upon.
(9) As long as they behave themselves? released prisoners should no longer be treated as criminals.
IV Written Work
Answer the question in about 130 words.
Do you agree with the author that severe punishment is not the answer to the problem of crime?
Sample:
I don't think that severe punishment is the answer to the problem of crime. But I look at the matter from a different point of view. The author simply believes harsh punishment isn't feasible because it costs too much. My view is that punishment, including harsh measures; is necessary but punishment alone won't help much. It is effective only when governments make effort to wipe out what gives rise to crimes, for example, poverty, inequality, racial hatred, money worship, TV violence, etc. , in short, to remove barriers for less fortunate members of society to better themselves. Punishment can produce good results only when it is combined with effective correctional measures to make law-abiding citizens out of criminals. This is a difficult but worthwhile job. (124 words)
Lesson Four The Nightingale and the Rose
II. Vocabulary
I. Practice using the rules of word formation.
1) Examine how the compound nouns from the text are formed Work out their meanings. Add more words that are formed in the same way.
These compound nouns are formed by noun+noun.
2) Examine how the word "sincerity" is formed. Find out the meaning of the noun suffix "-ty" with the help of a dictionary. sincerity; sincere + -ity
The suffix "-ty", from French, is used to form abstract nouns that refer to the state of having a particular quality or sth. that has that quality.
e. g. certain + -ty —? certainty
Note: "-ity" is a variant form of "-ty".
3)Turn the following adjectives into nouns ending with "-ty" or "-ity" and then vice versa. Add more words to the list. Adjective Noun Adjective Noun
able ability stupid stupidity
active activity capable capability
available availability creative creativity
certain certainty human humanity
cruel cruelty responsible responsibility
curious curiosity original originality
relative relativity possible possibility
probable probability
special specialty
visible visibility
4) Complete the sentence with the words in the brackets in their
noun forms.
(1) construction (8) humanity
(2) Creativity (9) Poverty
(3) motivation (10) ignorance
(4) difference (11) sincerity
(5) investment (12) Politeness
(6) capabilities (13) Curiosity
(7) activity (14) shortness
2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. 1) to freeze 10) to pick/to pull off 2) precious 11) exactly
3) soft 12) true/genuine/actual
4) low/soft/weak 13) foolish/stupid/unwise/dumb/brainless 5) to throw/to toss/to cast 14) to watch over/to look after/to control/to
6) big/gigantic/huge/large preside over/to manage/to direct/to guide
7) to cut/to cut short/to cut off/to destroy 15) to shake/to shiver/to quiver
8) ache/pain 16) to sob/to cry
9)area/field/patch/space/section/lot 17)
miserable/unhappy/pitiful/unfortunate/
sorrowful/ broken-hearted
3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms .
1) blind with 2) pressed, against 3) For want of 4) in return 5) lingered on 6) compared to
7) was fond of, something of 8) Compared to 9) For want of 10) compared to 11) was blue with
4. Put the following into English.
1) to give/hold/have a ball 8) to press the doorbell
2) to give/hold/have/throw a party 9) to sacrifice/give/lay down one's life'
3) to give a press conference 10) to nip the buds 4) to bury the treasures 11) to pierce the heart 5) to bury/cover one's face in one's hands 12) to deny the fact 6) to pluck/pick the flowers 13) to deny the charge 7) to pay the price 14) to fill up the bottle
5. Complete the sentences with the following phrasal verbs of "go" in their proper
forms.
1) go ahead 2) go by 3) went off 4) going up
5) going on 6) went on with 7) gone over 8) going through 9) go into 10) go with, go together
6. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.
1) 清了清(嗓子) 7)细胞
2) 放晴了 8)登机
3)清醒清醒(头脑) 9)董事(委员)会
4)还清(债务) 10)伙食
5)清楚地 11)木板
6)牢房
7. Give the sentence patterns of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then using the patterns, rewrite the sentences that follow.
Sentence patterns: imperative + and + clause
imperative + or + clause
One possibility of the sentences;
1) Read Lu Xun and your mind will include a piece of his. 2) Drink tomato juice for some time and you will not be afraid of seeing blood.
3) Rest for a while and your headache will be gone. 4) Give Jimmy less money, or he will develop some bad habit. 5) Improve the quality of your product, or you will lose your market.
6) Punish these people severely, or illegal trade in wild life will never stop.
7) Take this opportunity, or you will live to regret it. 8) Stop polluting our rivers and lakes immediately, or we will be in deep trouble.
8. Put in the missing words.
(1) lives (2) noticed (3) but (4) or (5) heard
(6) to (7) plant (8) by (9) calmed (10) used
(11) dollars (12) seems (13) slower (14) shopping (15) weekends
(16) be (17) create (18) to
III. Grammar
1. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example. 1) Xiao Fang is the smartest girl I've ever known. 2) This is the most fantastic story I've ever heard. 3) 15,000 yuan is the lowest price we can offer for this laptop. 4) Pearl Harbor is the best American film I've seen for quite a while.
5) Lin is the most easy-going professor I've ever met. 6) The storm last night was the worst I can remember. 7) I think Dialogue is the most thought-provoking talk show CCTV offers.
8) I think Mr. Cui is the wittiest talk show host you can find at the moment.
9) In the 1930s, nursing and teaching were the best jobs capable
women could dream of.
10) These are the most delicious noodles we've had since a long
time ago.
2. Complete the sentences by translating the -Chinese in the
brackets Into English, using "all/everything etc. +a relative
clause".
1) The doctors did all they could
2) I don't always agree with everything he says 3) anything they ask for
4) All he got from a week of hard work 5) All that is written in his wife's letter 6) Nothing the doctors said
7) anything you suggest
8) Something he read in a popular magazine 9) All that can be done is done
10) Anything the artist painted
11) something that never existed before
3. Put in the blanks proper modals listed below. (1) can't (ability)
(2) must (obligation)
(3) mustn't (obligation)
(4) must (obligation) , had to (necessity)
(5) cannot (possibility), can (possibility)
(6) May (permission), can't (permission), might (possibility) (7) can (possibility), must (obligation)
(8) can/may (possibility), must (subject certainty) (9) might (possibility), have to (necessity), can't (possibility) (10) could (possibility), could (possibility), might (possibility) (11) must (necessity), can't (possibility), have to (necessity) Note: According to the Ox ford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, the 2000 edition, there
isn't much difference between "must" and "have to" in American English. The latter is more common, especially in speech. In British English there is a difference between them. "Must" is used to talk about what the speaker or listener wants, and "have (got) to" about rules, laws and other people's wishes. There are no past or future forms of "must".
4. Put in proper prepositions.
1) through 2) over 3) like 4) As, like
5) through 6) Over/In/During, into 7) through 8) over 9) As, from, without, around. As, with, with, to
10) with, for, Besides/Apart from, at, at, between, of, on round/around
5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) Something (that) a witness said during the trial has been bothering me.
2) Many parents mistakenly believe that the more toys children have, the more creative they will be.
3) A house without a book is like a room without a window. 4) He was 50 glad to see his old friend that tears ran down his cheeks.
5) People believe that tomorrow's car will be bigger, faster, and more comfortable than before.
6) Both on land and at sea, helicopters have rescued many people.
7) Jim is intelligent, but not as hard-working as his sister. 8) The most humorous person (that) I've ever met is my teacher of Chinese.
9) I don't believe an old man of 80 could be so strong as to knock down a door.
10) All that the people want are lasting peace and social progress.
IV. Written Work
Describe how the Nightingale built a red rose out of music in about 150 words.
Sample:
When the moon rose, the Nightingale set her breast against the thorn of (he Rose-tree. She sang of the love between a boy and a girl and a white rose blossomed. The Tree urged the Nightingale to press closer against the thorn to finish the rose before dawn. The Nightingale did as she was told and the thorn went deeper. She sang of the passion in the soul of a man and a "woman and the rose turned pink. The Tree told the Nightingale to press still closer because the heart of the rose remained white. She obeyed. She sang of the love that was perfected by death but did not die in death. Throughout the night, the Nightingale sang. Her song grew louder and louder while her pain became bitter and bitter. Finally the thorn reached her heart and she died, but the rose was finished. It was red all over, petal and heart. (155 words)
Lesson Five Say Yes
II. Vocabulary
1. Practice using the rules of word formation
1) Examine how the words "statistics" and "basic" are formed. Find out the meanings of the suf-fixes "-ics" and "-ic" with the help of a dictionary.
The suffix "-ics", is used to form nouns. It means " the scientific study or use of sth. "
The suffix "-ic", its variant form, "-ical" is used to form adjectives, meaning ―of or concern-‖
2) Translate the following into English giving both the noun and the adjective. Add more words to the list.
NounAdjective
A
数学mathematics mathematical
统计学statisticsstatistic
经济学economicseconomic(cal)
物理学physicsphysical
政治学politicspolitical
力学mechanicsmechanical
3) Translate these sentences. Observe how adjectives are used as verbs in the following sen-ences .
(1) 他们正在洗碗碟，他妻子洗，由他擦干。
(2)他等着让听众逐渐安静下来。
(3)不公正的事一旦发现就该纠正。
(4)列车在驶近目的地时逐渐慢了下来。
(5)他开始谢顶。
(6)你不该虚度光阴。
(7)我假期一直在忙这本新课本。
(8)年轻人想找机会改善自己的地位很自然。
(,)一旦脑子气糊涂，真理就不见了。
(,,)救护队冒着风浪危险去接近沉船(
(,,)这些药片只能减轻一些痛苦，治不了你的头脑(
4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) logical(2) poetic(3) romantic, realistic(4) optimistic (5) dramatic(6) cynical(7) Economics, statistics(8) classics (9) periodical(10) typical
,)Give the verb form of the following nouns
(1) appreciate(2) argue(3) breathe(4) congratulate(5) consider (6) demonstrate(7) pressure(8) repeat(9) suppose(10) explain (11) admit(12) compare(13) contribute(14) debate(15) estimate (16) produce(17) prosecute(18) supervise(19) explode(20) certificate
(21) civilize(22) penetrate
2. Recast the sentences, replacing the underlined parts with the
expressions listed below in their proper forms.
1)has come up with
4)for the sake of our children
6)make it up to him
8)blurred the things ahead out
2) broke up3) came to my aid
5) out of concern for him
7) our population has grown at a slow rate
9) out of pity10) come up with
3. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) As2) in 3) with4) on5) of6) up (or without a preposition) 7) out/along 8) at 9) away 10) with, for 11) in, up 12) about, at 4. Supply two or three verbs/phrasal verbs/for the nouns/noun phrases.
1) draw/take
2) take/use
3) demonstrate/develop
4) demonstrate/show
5) knit/pinch/raise 82
6) demonstrate/show/muster
7) consider/go on with/put forward/ repeat/support/win 8) do/dry/pile/hold
9) achieve/bring about/feel/ have
5. Choose the right word and put it in the proper form. 1) (1) tone(2) tune(3) tone
2) (1) problem(2) question(3) problem(4) problem/question(5) problem
3) (1) terrible(2) terrific(3) terrible
4) (1) ashamed2) shameful(4)shameful
6. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part, and then using the pattern, complete the sentences listed below. Verb pattern: vt. + n. /pron. + to-infinitive (phrase) used as adverbial of purpose
7. Put in the missing words.
(1)mixed
(5)what
(9)in
(13)called
(17)fact
(2) was/is
(6) since
(10) which
(14) characters (18) different
(3) introduced/invented
(7) known
(11) although
(15) includes
(4) cook
(8) something (12) the
(16) aspect
III. Grammar
1. Practice ―the way…‖
Rewrite these sentences using " the way ..." as shown in the examples, inserting an appropri-ate adjective where necessary. (1) The professor is respected for the way he treats all his students.
(2) All those who knew Jim were impressed by the brave way he faced his incurable disease.
(3) The way the stranger looked at me made me uncomfortable.
(4) The way the man used a screwdriver showed that he couldn't be a carpenter.
(5) Watch your teacher's lips carefully and say the word the way she does.
(6) I agree with what he said, but I can't tolerate the rude way he said it. 84
(7) The sincere way these children help one another shows, in a way, what human relations should be like.
(8) People are anxiously watching the way things will work out in their country.
(9) The public was surprised by the dramatic way they settled the dispute between labor and management.
(10) The frank way the policeman discussed the case with the criminals' parents convinced them that they should cooperate. (11) From the awkward way he walked, I could tell that something was wrong with his leg.
(12) The cautious way they talked showed that they were keeping something from her.
2. Practice noun clauses beginning with wh-words. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.
(1) how dictionaries are made
(2) what was wrong with the car
(3) how much he loved his father
(4) how deep it was
(5) when and where the conference would be held
(6) why she returned to China at age 72/the age of 72 (7) why I voted against building any more nuclear power stations
(8) what we're going to do in the next five years. (9) how we occupied/entered/gained access to overseas markets (10) where you're wrong
3. Rewrite the sentences using the―with + noun + preposition phrase/participle/adjective‖ construction
1) The professor walked into the classroom with a few books under his arm.
2) The guard was sleeping in a chair with a gun in his hand. 3) Under the bridge, the police found a man lying dead, with a knife in his chest.
4) He walked out of the boss's office with his head held high. 5) When a guest arrived, the hostess greeted him/her politely, with a smile on her face.
6) In September, the school came to life again, with children
playing and running on the play-ground.
7) With the Mid-autumn Festival only a month away, shops are promoting their moon cakes.
8) With their children grown up and gone, the old couple sometimes feel lonely.
9) With all the packing finished, the family could now sit down and have some tea.
10) With a big bag on her shoulder, the old woman moved slowly in the snow.
4. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed put in a slash‖/‖
1) A, a, /
2) the, an, a, /
3) A, /, The, /, /, a, /
4) /, /, /, /, /, the, the, /, a, the/a, a, a, the, /, a, a 5) /, a, a, a, The, the, a, /, /, a. The, the, The, a, the, the, the, the,
the, the, the
IV. Written work
Answer the question in about 130 words: What have you learned about the married life
of the couple ?
Sample:
The couple are probably in their late 50's or early 60's, and they have been married for thirty years. They thought they love each other and know each other well. But like many other cou-ples, they actually have some serious disagreements on some important issues, which sometimes make them feel like strangers. The wife is a woman of principle. She can not tolerate racism for example. So when her husband shows his racist attitude toward blacks she is very upset. They start arguing. The husband tries to please his wife finally by pretending to have changed his view. But she refuses to be footed. Once again, they feel like strangers to each other. The story shows that racism can exist in subtle ways and that for a successful marriage husband and wife should share the basic values. (136 words)
Lesson Six The Man in the Water
II.Vocabulary
1. Practice using the rules of word formation.
1) Examine how the words "immovable" and "incapable" are formed. Find out the meanin of the prefixes " im-" and "in-" with the help of a dictionary.
The prefix "in-" meaning "not", e.g.
in- + capable -- incapable = not capable
The prefix "im-", a variant form of "in-", is often used before words beginning with b, m and p. e.g.
im- + possible -- impossible = not possible
2) Turn the following words into the opposite by adding either " im-", "in-" or "un-". Add more
words to the list.
(1) unable (2) inadequate (3) unavailable (4) unavoidable (5) imbalance (6) unbelievable (7) uncomfortable (8) incompetent
(9) incomplete (11) uncounable (12) incredible (13) incurable
(15) unequal (16) informal (17)
unfortunate (18) unimportant
(19) unjust (20) immaterial (21) immeasurable (22) impatient
(23) imperfect (24) impersonal (25) unpleasant (26) unpopular (27) impossible (28) insignificant (29) invaluable (30) invisible
3) Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets in their proper forms.
(1) creativity (2) imagination (3) achievement (4) original (5) beginning
(6) wisdom (7) present (8) silent, happiness (9) fails (10) Confidence
(11) sunny, brightness
2. Give the opposites of the following.
1) employer 2) to unfasten 3) evil 4) unidentified 5) interested 6) immovable 7) impersonal 8) irresponsible 9) selfishness 10) particular
11) shallow 12) to undress 13) incompletely 14) to deny 15) bridegroom
16) cheap 17) clever
3. Completely the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.
1) known as 2) accounts for/is responsible for 3) stick in, mind 4) refer to 5) came to the conclusion 6) On behalf of 7) care, about 8) account for 9) refer to
10) was responsible for, account for
4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) as 2) to 3) to 4) In, under 5) out of 60 at, at, at
7) against 8) to 9) to 10) In, of 5. Put the Chinese into English. 1) air crash
2) human nature/human character 3) tail section of the airplane 4) chunks of ice
5) flotation ring
6) seat belt
7) cultural clash
8) Flight 911
9) mechanical failure
10) injured people
11) harsh remark
12) distinction of good and evil 13) presidential monument
14) classic circumstance/typical situation
15) universal character
16) acknowledged hero
17) emotional impact
18) a moment of high traffic 19) enduring wonder
20) Air Florida
21) in the line of duty
22) in a mass casualty
6. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. 1) hit the bridge 8) losing the fight
2) risked their lives 9) lowered the interests
3) fasten your seat belt 10) make a clear distinction 4) make stupid remarks 11) freezes the water
5) test their loyalty 12) regret this move
6) made a beautiful speech 13) tested this medicine 7) challenge death
7. Complete the sentences, using the idiomatic expressions of ―hand‖ listed below.
1) off hand 6) out of my hands
2) on the other hand 7) on our hands
3) give him a free hand 8) in the hands
4) got the upper hand 9) On the one hand, on the other hand 5) out of hand
8. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.
(5) 漆黑 (6)投 (7)一起(1) 按 (2) 熨烫 (3) 加劲干 (4) 搭
使劲 (8) (按)磅(卖) (9) 猛锤 (10) 剧烈的跳动 (11) 英镑
(12) 奇怪 (13) 零(工) (14) 单(日)
9. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part in the sentence below, list other possible verbs, and then put the Chinese into English, using the pattern and the verbs in the brackets. Verb pattern: vt. + n. /pron. + preposition + n. /pron. /gerund (phrase) Other possible verbs: accuse, assure, charge, cheat, convince, cure, deprive, inform, per?suade, rob, save, suspect, trick, warn, etc.
1) Have you informed his family of his health condition? 2) The story of the leading character in the play reminded me of my childhood.
3) He died shortly after he had cheated his uncle of his property. 4) She believes that massage can cure her of her headache. 5) The police presented convincing evidence to accuse him of killing his own father.
6) Finally we convinced him of the problems that would crop up.
7) On my way home, I helped to catch a thief who had robbed an old man of his wallet.
8) Robert was suspected of being involved in the plot. 10. Put in the missing words.
(1) learn (2) joined (3) taught (5) so (6) had
(7) When (8) would (9) That‘s (10) of (11) come
(12) wrote (13) fell (14) tree (15) eager (16) Tears (17) as (18) an (19) every (20) at (21) happened (22) not (23) right
III. Grammar
1. Complete each of the sentences with an indefinite pronoun beginning with any/some/every/no, add ―‘s‖ or ―else(?s)‖ where necessary.
1) anybody/anyone, somebody/someone, everybody/everyone, nobody/no one
(1) somebody (8) no one else
(2) anybody (usually in questions)
(9) No one
somebody (when you expect a "yes" answer)
(10) anyone
(3) anybody else's (11) anyone
(4) Everybody (12) nothing, Nothing (5) everyone, Nobody (13) Everyone, nothing (6) anyone (14) someone else (7) someone (15) Everyone, no one 2) anything, something, everything, nothing (1) nothing (2) everything
(3) something (when "yes" is expected) /anything
(4) nothing (5) anything (6) something, anything
(7) something (8) nothing (9) everything
(10) nothing (11) everything (12) anything
(13) Something, anything (14) something (15) nothing 3) Put in indefinite pronouns beginning with any/some/every/no. This is a story about four people called Everybody, Somebody, Nobody, and Anybody. There was an important job to be done and Everybody was asked to do it. But Everybody knew Anybody could do it as it was not so difficult and thought that Somebody really ought to do it. As it turned out Nobody did it and Everybody was very angry because Nobody had done what Anybody could have done and Somebody should have done. 2. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using a that-clause.
1) that time is running out (object clause)
2) The fact that he is somebody's relative (appositive clause) 3) that people need (relative clause)
4) that a university put its students in touch with the best of what the human race has achieved (predicative clause)
5) that Beijing had won the bid to host the 2008 Olympics (appositive clause)
6) That anyone would believe such nonsense (subject clause) 7) that women are not as intelligent as men (appositive clause) 8) that quite a number of parents don't like the way their teenage children are dressed (apposi?tive clause)
9) that reflects his love of freedom and movement (relative clauses)
3. Answer the questions on the four heroes in the disaster, using modals. Give as many answers as you can.
Samples:
1) No, he wasn't. He didn't have to do so. It wasn't his job dragging drowning people out of water.
2) He just thought he had to/should go into the water to save a fellow human being.
3) No, he hadn't. He had never thought he would do such a thing before the disaster.
4) They said it was their duty and that any other team would have done the same.
5) According to Usher's and Windsor's description, he must have been in his 50s.
6) He must have been an ordinary man and passenger. He must have behaved like anybody else on board. He must have
fastened his seat belt as he was told. He might have panicked and must have wished to survive.
7) He must have been aware of the consequence. The helicopter team found him alert and in control.
8) He must have acted on his beliefs, principles and moral standards.
9) He must have been a man of great moral strength. 10) The man could have been saved if more helicopters had been employed. He might have been pulled out of the water if he had been stronger and persisted a little longer.
4. Put in the correct form of the verbs in the brackets. 1) examined, concluded? had been
2) had been watched/were watched, were captured
3) told, had been selected, didn't take, was joking 4) is sent, received, changed, stored, did not change, were invented, have quickly changed/ have been quickly changing 5) getting, is/has been, to write, send, using, takes, has already taken over
6) have, suggests, are designed, to sell, are, to do, have, cook, prepared
5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) Everyone in our class went to the international book fair.
2) Every one of their new products became popular soon after it was launched.
3) The Chinese Delegation expressed the hope that the two sides would soon stop fighting in the area.
4) I suggest that you first read the novel on which the film is based. Or: I suggest that you first read the novel the film is based on.
5) I don't like the way (in which) he speaks to his patients. 6) Is there anyone in the office?
7) I think it was the director's fault, and nobody else is responsible for the disaster.
8) Has anyone got anything important to say?
9) Li Ying can't be in the library. I saw her going to the sports ground just a moment ago.
10) People don't need to understand how their brain works to be able to talk, write, etc.
IV. Written work
Describe the plane crash briefly in about 130 words, with emphasis on the behavior of ―the man in the water‖
Sample;
On Wednesday, due to bad weather, a jet plane of Air Florida crashed soon after it took off from Washington National Airport.
The plane hit a bridge at a moment of high traffic and then dropped head-on into the river. Six of the passengers at the back of the plane had survived the crash and found themselves struggling in the cold water. A helicopter was sent to their rescue. It picked up five of the survivors. The other one had sunk before the helicopter came back for him. The man could have lived if he hadn't again and again given the chance of survival to others. His behavior brought millions to tears. In what he had done at a time of life and death they saw the strength of the human spirit in an ordinary man. (136 word)
Lesson Seven The Greatest Invention
1. Practice using the rules of word formation.
1) Examine how the words ―socialism‖ and ―warmth‖ are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffixes ―-ism‖ and ―-th‖
with the help of a dictionary.
The suffix ―-ism‖, from Greek, is used to form nouns which
often refer to a belief based on a particular principle or the teachings of a particular person.
The suffix ―-th‖, is often used to form nouns.
2) Turn the following into words ending in the suffix ―-ism‖ and
then give their meaning. Add more words to the list. communism internationalism
environmentalism Marxism
fascism nationalism
feudalism racism
idealism realism
industrialism socialism
sexism
3) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) Faith (2) depth (3) width
(4) Truth (5) strength (6) Health
(7) warmth (8) Wealth (9) death, birth
(10) length, width, depth
2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. (1) to alter (2) satisfied (3) to cry out
(4) very dangerous (5)passable/tolerable/satisfied/acceptable/fair (6) to control (7) intellect/mental power/wisdom (8) to complete (9) marvelous/outstanding/excellent/great (10) tragedy (11) distinction (12) essential
(13) result (14) in the same way
(15) uncommon/queer/odd/strange (16) circumstance (17) in fact/as a matter of fact (18) thoughtful (19) sensible (20) entirely/fully
3. Complete the sentences with expressions listed below in their
proper forms.
1) get rid of 2) let, loose 3) turned out
4) But for 5) is capable of 7) aimed at, spurred, on 8) If only 9) aiming at 12) appealed to
4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) as 2) on 3) with, to
4) as, on 5) about 6) at
7) to 8) off 9) of, with
10) with 11) on, with 12) into
5. Put the following into English:
1) to give an example 2) to make progress
3) to spread germs 4) to make an invention
5) to show me the whole process 6) to grip him
7) to drive him 8) to make an invention
9) to destroy that country 10) to fulfill their aspiration 11) to dominate the world 12) to put into the Port of Dalian 6. Choose the right word or expression and put it in the proper form.
1) (1) alive (2) live(adj.)/living (3) live(adj.) (4) living 2) (1) able (2) capable (3) capable
3) (1) examine/check (2) inspect (3) check (4) check (5) examine
7. Examine the uses of ―offer‖ and ―work‖ in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words, and then make sentences after the models.
Other possible uses of ―offer‖ and ―work‖:
offer: to offer sth.
To offer to do sth.
Offer(n.)
work: to work sb./sth.
Other idiomatic expressions: to work on, to work out, to work out to, to work one‘s way, etc.
8. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part in the sentence below, list other possible adverbs, and the using the pattern, put the Chinese into English.
Verb pattern: be ， adv.
Other possible adverbs: away, back, here, off, in, on, out, there, through, up
1) Where are you off to?
2) Mr. Baker is out for a little stroll.
3) How long have you been back from Thailand?
4) They are not up yet.
5) Why are the lights on in broad daylight?
6) The film is still on. It won‘t be over until 10 o‘clock.
7) The car exhibition has been on for two weeks. 8) Li Yan is away for a meeting in Wuhan. 9) Please put all these magazines back when you‘re through.
10) My mother is not in. She‘s on night shift at the office. 9.Put in the missing words
(1) stopped (2) wondering (3) done (4) suggested (5) where (6) occurred (7) knowing (8) was (9) blocked (10) who (11) up (12) don‘t
(13) out (14) again (15) work
III.Grammar
1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in
brackets.
1) as many economists had expected 2) As a scientist points out
3) as an epic of the Tibetan people 4) as natural disasters go
5) as both their families had hoped 6) as the Venice of China
7) as a walking dictionary of our class 8) as everybody knows
9) as gifts
10) as scientists have proved
2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples. 1) It isn‘t easy to find a qualified person for the position.
2) It tales patience to deal with complaints from difficult customers.
3) It upset her to see many of the tree destroyed. 4) It would be wonderful if you and your family could visit Beijing next summer.
5) It must be exciting to report on sport events such as the World Cup and the Olympics.
6) It helps a person a lot in the job market to have the three skills – driving, good English and the ability to use a computer. 7) It pleased Dr. Wu to see that his research was being carried on by dedicated young people.
8) It takes courage to ask what other people regard as ―stupid‖
questions.
9) It‘s a pity that they‘ve decided to cancel the trip.
10) It‘s necessary to show your ID to the guard at the entrance whenever you want to enter the building.
3. Complete each pair of the sentences as shown in the example. 1) The soil on which the road was laid was sandy.
2) Last summer we visited the cave in which the Peking Man was discovered.
3) All members of the cast are expected to read the novel on which the film is based.
4) Every Spring Festival, he goes to see the peasant family with whom he worked 30years ago.
5) He said that he would keep forever the with which he had signed the first contrast for his company.
6) The little town, from which many scientists have sprung, is much reported by the media.
7) Zero degree centigrade is the freezing point at which water turns to ice.
8) The Braille system is the main method by which blind people all over the world read.
9) Ms Li, from whom my sister took piano lessons three years ago, has started a school of her own.
10) The type of PC you should buy depends on the purpose for which the PC is used.
4. Put in connectives.
1) while 2) that 3) until 4) while, and 5) if 6) when, but, that 7) that , as if 8) where, how, what 9) how, why 10) and 11) When, so, than, if, now(that) / since
12)When, if, unless, so that
IV. Written Work
Write a paragraph of about 130 words, commenting on the two approaches to scientific research.
Sample:
The parable raises the question of what purposes science and technology should serve and criticizes two wrong approaches to scientific research. The military of the unnamed Caribbean country wanted to dominate the whole Caribbean by letting loose a plague capable of destroying whole nations. They tried to make a talented scientists invent a deadly germ. However, the scientist worked just for wonder, and not for use. He worked on the germ for some time until another fancy idea attracted him. He wanted to create an artificial blade of grass, and nothing could turn him away from this, not even the threat from the military, who finally had him executed. It should be an interesting debating topic what a scientist should work for. Should scientists care about the social consequences of their work? (132 words)
Lesson Eight Psychologically Speaking
II. Vocabulary
1. Practice using the rules of word formation.
1) Examine how the words ―forehead‖ and ―childish‖ are
formed. Find out the meaning of the prefix ―fore-‖ and the suffix
―-ish‖ with the help of a dictionary.
The prefix ―fore-‖, from Old English, is used before nouns and verbs to mean ―before (in space, time and condition); front; preceding; and superior‖.
The suffix ―-ish‖, from Old English, is used to form adjectives meaning
a. somewhat, rather:
e.g. dark (adj.) ， -ish à darkish (adj.) = rather dark, somewhat dark
b. like or similar to:
e.g. child (n.) ， -ish à childish (adj.) = like a child c. about:
e.g. thirty (n.) ， -ish à thirtyish (adj.) = about thirty years old d. relating to the people or language of : e.g. British, English, Irish, Swedish
2) Add the prefix ―fore-‖ to the following words and vice versa. Give their meanings.
forefront 最前方 cast
foremost 最初的,最重要的 father
forerunner 先驱者 man
foresee 预见(v.) finger
foresight 预见(n.),深谋远虑 taste
3) Change the words into adjectives that end in the suffix ―-ish‖.
Give their meanings.
greenish, grayish, reddish, selfish, foolish, bookish girlish, boyish, womanish, thirtyish, sixtyish, Scottish 4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) childish (2)selfish (3) yellowish (4) Spanish (5) bookish (6) foreseen (7) forefathers (8) foreman (9) forecast
2. Give the opposite of the following.
1) at home 12)sophisticated
2) previously 13) calm
3) uncivilized 14) ordinary/ normal
4) unconventional 15)temporary/brief/short-lived/passing 5) real/ true/ genuine 16) simple/ modest
6) to lift/ remove 17)to persist/to allow/to encourage 7) cheerful/ happy/ joyous 18)modern/civilized 8) to unpack 19)improper/unacceptable
9) unenthusiastic/ half-hearted/ disinterested 20)connected/linked
10) imperfect 21) unsympathetic/unconcerned/cold 11) kindly-hearted/insensitive/unfeeling
3. Complete the sentences, using the expressions listed below in their proper form, and then make a sentence with each of them. 1) was ashamed of 2) at a great cost
3) decided on 4) opens my eyes to
5) in some measure
4. Put the following into English, using appropriate expressions from the text.
1) He looks like a man of one hundred years old, but nobody knows for certain.
2) Don‘t beat about the bush. Out with it. What do you want?
3) I don‘t have a clue why they decided to go separate ways.
4) We have to prepare our people for a possible killer earthquake in the next year or so, and the sooner the better. 5) He is still fooling around. It seems that he is going to hang around his parents‘ neck for the rest of his life.
6) Due to circumstances over which he had no control, he only had four years of schooling and had to work to support his family.
7) Later he regretted having run off with his boss. 8) We can‘t live in a fool‘s paradise. We can also be their target of attack.
5. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences
using phrasal verbs of ―work‖.
1) just work for 2) working for 3) is still working on 4) had worked as 5) can be worked out 6) (should)work in 7) work 8) will work out
6. Give meaning of the underlined words in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts. 1)一套 2)定时 3)固定的 4)收费 5)指控 6)负责
7)药品 8)毒品 9)(下药)麻醉
7. Examine the uses of ―do‖ and ―lead‖ in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words, and then make sentences after the models.
Other possible uses of ―do‖ and ―lead‖:
do: to do sb./sth. (no) good/harm…
to do sb./sth. justice/ honor…
to to some miles
to do (vi)
lead: to lead sb. to do sth.
to lead to
to lead + to + sth.
8. Give the pattern of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then rewrite the sentences, using the patterns and the information gven.
Sentence patterns: It is/There is + no + use +gerund (phrase) There is no + point + gerund (phrase)
Other possibility of the sentences:
1) It‘s/There is no use denying the fact.
2) It‘s/There is no use talking to. He doesn‘t know anything.
3) It‘s/There is no use trying to persuade him to quite smoking. He won‘t listen.
4) It‘s/There is no use cutting interest rate any further.
5) It‘s/There is no use asking me. I know no more than you do.
9. Put in the missing words.
(1) often (2) celebrations/parties (3) attentive (4) religious (5) occasions (6) manners (7) as (8) formal 9) close (10) will (11) interrupt (12) hear
(13) ourselves (14) adjustments (15) fail (16)considered III. Grammar
1. Practice using conditional clauses. Complete the conditional sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets. (1) if you don‘t have your ID with you (2) if you ask her (for help)
(3) if you explain it to him (4) if you don‘t hurry
(5) if they‘ve finished (6) if you phone while I‘m out
(7) if I don‘t have anything particular to do (8) if he can find
time
(9) if a fire breaks out (10) if you want to travel abroad 2. Combine the pairs of sentences as shown in the examples. 1) While in prison Vingo wondered if it was possible for him to start a new life.
2) On his way home Vingo was eager to know if the community would accept him.
3) Vingo wasn‘t sure if his wife would forgive him.
4) He asked himself again and again if he should return to his own country after all these years.
5) Before he returned he wanted to find out if his songs were still popular in his home country.
6) He wasn‘t sure if it was a sensible decision to return at his age.
7) He wondered if his childhood friends would recognize him. 8) He wondered if the house where he had been born was still standing.
9) He was often asked if he was better off abroad. 10) He was often asked if he was ever prejudiced against, famous as he was, on account of the color of his skin. 3. Put appropriate determiners or indefinite pronouns in the blanks from the list.
A few, many, some, nobody, a lot of, anything, something, every, much, a little, a few/some
4. Study the different notions that the prepositions ―to‖ and ―for‖ express and learn to use them.
1) find out the notion ―to‖ and ―for‖ in each sentence.
In all these sentences, ―to‖ have the underlying meaning of direction.
a. used to indicate direction, as in (1) and (6)
b. used to indicate a feeling, as the first ―to‖ in (2)
c. used to indicate a relationship, as the second ―to‖ in(2)
d. meaning ―concerning‖, as in (3)
e. used to indicate one‘s opinion, as in (4)
f. meaning ―destined to do sth.‖, as in (5)
In these sentences ―for‖ has two underlying meanings of 1) purpose, reason 2) time.
a. used to show purpose, as in (7), (8), (14), (15), (18), (22) b. meaning ―what something is intended for‖, as in (9)
c. in an idiom, meaning ―without doubt‖, as in (10)
d. used to show a reason/reasons, as in (11), the second ―for‖ in (16), (19)
e. meaning ―in order to help sb./sth.‖, as in (12)
f. in an idiom, meaning ― you really don‘t know‖, as in (13)
g. in a set phrase, meaning ― as long as one lives‖, as the first ―for‖ in (16)
h. in an idiom, meaning ―best in the ling run‖, as in (17)
i. in an idiom, meaning ―as far as it (nature) is concerned‖, as in (21)
j. meaning ―employed by‖, as in (23)
k. meaning ― as a representative‖, as in (24)
l. used to show length of time, as in (25)
2) Choose the right preposition for the blanks.
(1) in (2) into (3)out of (4) out of
(5) from (6) Through (7) through, at (8) for, for (9)To, through (10) For, through (11)like, to (12)To (13) As (14)as (15)as, in (16) like
(17) like (18) like
5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) If I were your age, I would go back to school. 2) As a wise man points out, life has a value only when it has something valuable as its object.
3) If it rains tomorrow, the football match will be put off. 4) The nurse went into the ward to see if the patient wanted anything.
5) At that time I wasn‘t sure if I would succeed in getting him to join us.
6) I‘m sure you would have done the same if you had been there.
7) I‘d like to read the essay from which the passage is taken.
Or: I‘d like to read the essay the passage is taken from.
8) I wonder if they‘ve received our message.
9) Alice told somebody about it, but we don‘t know who.
10) When he was taken to the hospital, his brain had died though his heart had not. There was little the doctors could do. 6. Written work
Write a summary of the text in about 130 words.
Sample:
Eve Kent and her boyfriend decided on an experimental marriage. She told her mother they were leaving that very night. Eve also said that she didn‘t think her parents‘ marriage was happy and that she wasn‘t sure if her father still loved her
mother. What Eve said upset Mrs. Kent. Just then, a man called. He was a psychologist and a brother of Mrs. Kent‘s first husband who had been killed in World War I. Mrs. Kent asked him what she should do to prevent her daughter‘s experimental
marriage and to find out if her husband still loved her. Professor
Waring suggested playing a trick. When Eve came with her father, the professor introduced himself as Mrs. Kent‘s former husband who hadn‘t been killed and had come to take his wide
away. (132 words)
Lesson Nine Quick Fix Society
1. Practice using the rules of word formation.
1) Examine how the words " supermarket" and " pre-digest" are formed. Give the meaning of the prefixes ―super-― and
―Pre-― with the help of a dictionary.
The prefix "super-", from Latin, means "more, larger, greater or more powerful than usual", e. g. superman, superhighway. The prefix "pre-", also from Latin, means "before, in front of", e. g. preview, pre-war.
2) Match the words in Column I with its corresponding meaning in Column II.
(l)g (2) h (3) f (4) d (5)c (6> a (7) e (8) i (9) b
3) Form new words by adding the prefix " pre-" to the following and then translate them into Chinese.
(1)史前的 (7)序言
(2)事先已定的 (8)工业化之前的
(3)预先安排的 (9)未成熟的;时机未到的
(4)预防(措施) (10)邮资已付的
(5)先决条件 (11)学前的(儿童)
(6)预熟的(食物) (12)战前
4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets.
(1)precautions (2)Supernatural (3)superficial (4)superstar (5)pre-game
(6)preface (7)premature (8)supervise(9)predetermined(10) predicts, super-continent
5) Give the adjective forms of the following nouns and verbs.
(1) attentive (2) convenient(3) favorite/favorable(4) impatient(5) informative
(6) massive (7) medical (8) musical (9) personal (10) symbolic (11) truthful/true (12) weighty (13)devoted (14)
movable/moving/moved (15) pervasive
4. Put in appropriate prepositions or adverbs.
1) out/up, as 2) down 3) up 4) away 5) On， with 6) with 7) out
8) in, of 9) into, out 10) in
5(Put the following into English and vice versa.
A
1) frozen rice 2) homemade pudding 3) musical excerpts 4) lifestyle/ways of life 5) a mass movement 6) subtle changes 7) the latest best seller 8) routes of choice 9) express mail 10) personal relationships 11) every level of our life
B
1) 提倡妇女解放运动 2)去南极探险 3)不顾事实 4)(去
银行)存款 5)返程
6)接触生活的表面 7)(车)速过快失控 8)代替化学品 9)
走不同的路线 10)乘飞机
6. Choose the right word or expression and put it in the proper form.
1) (1) trips (2) trip (3) voyage (4) journey (5) touring 2) (1) insisted (2) persist (3) persist (4) insist
3) (1) thinking about (2) think, of (3) think,over (4) thinking of
8. Give the verb patterns of the underlined parts In the sentences below, list other possible relative adverbs or pronouns, and then put the Chinese Into English.
Verb patterns: vt. + wh-word + to-infinitive (phrase) vt. + n. /pron. + wh-word + to-infinitive (phrase)
Other possible relative adverbs or pronouns: what, when,
where, which,who
1) Only Li Jun knows how to get in touch with him.
2) They are all very nice. We'll discuss which to choose this afternoon.
3) I was shocked to hear that, and for a moment, I didn't know what to say to him.
4) Mrs. Zhang is teaching how to combine classical Chinese dances with modern dances.
5) There, the soldiers learned how to survive in the wilderness. 6) The general manager hasn't decided whether to take him on. 7) She asked me to find out who to turn to if her computer goes wrong.
8) Joan didn't tell us when to start out/set out.
9) He asked the teacher what to do next. The teacher asked him to continue observing the fish.
10) As soon as I got into the room, somebody came to show me where to sit.
9. Put in the missing words.
(I) return (2) born (3) when (4) take (5) for/on/with (6) through (7) had (8) decided (9) tired (10) hoping (11) in (12) As (13) just (14) had (15) addition
(16) entirely (17) place (18) many (19) changed
More Work on the Text
Grammar
2. Complete the statements or questions using the gerund or the Infinitive form of the verb in brackets.
1) to live 2) Living, living 3) arguing 4) to watch 5) pretending 6) to perform 7) trying 8) Settling down 9) feeling 10) to apologize 11) to pass 12) making and keeping 13) to have 14) listening 15) knowing
3. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using attributive modifiers.
1) something important to say 2) ever built in Beijing 3) known as a land on wheels 4) as well-informed of Beijing opera as Anna
5) called the fifth generation of Chinese directors 6) living and working overseas/abroad/in foreign countries 7) with a big nose and big hands 8) sitting in the corner 9) to play center forward (AmE) /central forward (BrE)on the university team
10) anything particular to do
4. Complete the sentences by putting the verbs in the right tense form.
1) is having 2) is teaching/teaches, was
3) has been, has, has happened 4) had developed, dreamed 5) has grown 6) has been/was
7) has gone, won't be 8) went, was happening
9) had gone/went through, read 10) has never heard, has been, was
11) has learned, is, is, prefers, wants, is, has overcome 12) was showing, said, am going to tell, is, said, is, is blowing
5. Put in articles or other determiners where necessary. If nothing is needed, put in a slash "/".
1) any, the, the, a, /, a, a, /, /, /, other
2) The, a, his, the, some, his, /, /, this, the, that, the 3) One, an, an. The, her, the? her
4) The, his, his, the, some, his, the, his, his, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, his, a, the, the
More Work on the Text
Written Work
1. Summarize, in about 120—130 words, the three
characteristics of a quick-fix society. You are expected to begin with a definition of a quick-fix society.
2. Do you think people in China have more or less adopted this quick-fix lifestyle ? (Answer the question in about 130 words.)
Samples:
1. A quick-fix society is one where people are concerned more about what they can achieve quickly than about what can benefit them in the long run. In such a society, people are eager to get quick results in every aspect of life. For example, for things they can't afford now, hey use their credit cards. Second, people want to get everything done quickly, they hate to wait, and they don't like to do anything that takes time but is good for them in the long run. Finally, as people have lost sight of their long-term interest and are satisfied with the superficial, they no longer want to do things thoroughly. So they read condensed books and listen to excerpts of great works of music. (121 words)
2. I think to a certain degree this quick-fix idea has also affected our way of doing things. For example, this lifestyle has created a huge market for books such as "Students' Guide" and "Teacher's Manual" where the answer key to exercises in textbooks is provided, and major issues are summarized or "digested". Students who depend heavily on such books actually don't learn as much as those who work on their own and think for themselves. Also, family relationship has been weakened
because, more often than not, contacts between parents and adult children are maintained chiefly through the telephone. When they occasionally get together, they either go to a restaurant for dinner or have frozen semi-prepared food, so they are deprived of the fun in making Chinese dumplings together. (128 words)
Lesson Ten The Richer, the Poorer
1. Practice using the rules of word formation
1) Examine how the word " transform" is formed. Find out the meaning of the prefix " trans-" with the help of a dictionary. The prefix "trans-", from Latin, is used before roots or words meaning "across,
through, beyond or complete change".
2 ) Match the words in Column I with their corresponding meanings in Column II.
(1) c (2) a (3) g (4) h (5) d (6) f
(7) i (8)j (9) k <10) e (11) b
3) Turn the following into verbs by adding suffixes or prefixes enable brighten
dramatize darken
enlarge endanger
specialize tighten
encourage lighten
economize glorify
classify qualify
intensify simplify
notify unify
purify identify
justify
4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) transportation (2) transplant (3) transitional (4) transform (5) dramatize (6) enlarged
(7) sweeten (8) endangered (9) lighten
(10) transferred (11) summarize
4. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.
1) are better off 2) had put your mind to 3) go about 4) added up to 5) save for 6) marveled at 7) above all 8) by comparison 9) have anything to do with 10) adds up to 11) go about 5. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs of "keep"
1) keep her on 2) keep on 3) keep AIDS from 4) Keep out of it 5) keep it up/keep at it 6) keep off 7) keep up with 6. Put the nouns/noun phrases listed below in the proper place to
form collocations.
1) terms 2) attention 3) business 4) children 5) his anger, her attempts
6) the furniture 7) errands 8) her embrace, Humiliation 7. Give the meaning of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.
1) race 比赛
2) hard on sb. 对某人过于为难
3) hard cash 现金
4) hard 很难的;terms 条件
5) passage 行程;航程;旅费
6) passage 通道
7) passage 文章的一段
8) race种族
9) race 跑步比赛
8. Examine the uses of "catch" and "persuade" in the sentences below, 'list other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.
Other possible uses of "catch" and "persuade":
catch: to catch sth. (the disease, the flu, the train, the bus, one's words,, etc. )
to catch sb. doing sth.
idiomatic expressions: "to catch up", "to catch on", etc. persuade: to persuade sb.
to persuade sb. to do sth.
9. Give the verb pattern of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then put the Chinese into English.
Verb pattern: vi. + prep. + n. /pron. + to-infinitive (phrase) 1) I think you'll have to depend on your. own efforts to overcome the difficulties.
2) We have arranged for.you to speak to university students during your visit.
3) The conference called on us to pay special attention to the growing gap between the rich and the poor.
4) The students appealed to the school authorities to improve their living conditions.
5) You can rely on her to find the best solution. 6) More and more people are pleading with their government to stop the bombing.
10. Put in the missing words.
(1) older/elder (2) took (3) second (4) felt
(5) once (6) have (7) started/began (8) To
(9) stay/live (10) job (11) agreed (12) first
(13) for (14) family (15) the (16) before (17) By (18) because (19) US (20) much
(21) point (22) American (23) retain/keep (24) birth (25) does (26) China
More Work on the Text
Grammar
2. Put in the blanks correct adverbs of frequency. 1) ever 2) constantly 3) always 4) usually 5) all the time 6) normally 7) seldom 8) frequently 9) Occasionally 10) never
3. Learn and use ways of expressing purpose. 2) Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English.
(1) for pleasure, not for money
(2) To stay alive
(3) to relax a bit
(4) so as to have trees around them instead of buildings (5) so that children can understand
(6) so as not to disturb other guests
(7) so as not to be recognized
(8) In order not to put on weight
(9) To avoid any mistake
(10) in order that you can make your arrangements (11) for their child to go to college
(12) for every student to finish the exam
4. Put the correct connective in the blanks where necessary. When nothing is needed put in a slash ―/‖
1) that or / 2) Whatever 3) what 4) unless
5) before 6) While 7) as 8) As long as
9) what 10) where 11) where 12) until
13) as if 14) so that
5. Put in right prepositions.
1) by 2) by, from 3) with, since, in 4) from, without, out of，
with/of
5) In, In, for, like 6) for, with, at, into 7) about, as, about 8) in, by. Because of, for, for
6. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) The man -who came to see Xiao Liu yesterday is his cousin. 2) In those days, the man was happier than he had ever been in his life.
3) The farmers didn't stop working until darkness fell. Or; The farmers worked until darkness fell.
4) I'm not going to the grocery store today unless you want some
milk or something.
Or: I'll go to/m going to the grocery store today if you want some milk or something.
5) The family are constantly complaining about one another. 6) Is there any place nearby -where/in -which I can get my laptop fixed quickly?
7) When questioning the driver who caused the accident, the police was quite sure that the driver wasn't telling the truth. 8) Even if I had the money, I wouldn't buy such an expensive thing.
9) Seeing is believing.
10) It is important for college freshmen to plan their time so that they don't waste it.
More Work on the Text
Written Work
Write a paragraph of about 130 words on either of the topics. 1. Compare the two sisters' lives.
2. What do you think were Lottie's regrets in old age ? Samples:
1. Neither Lottie's nor Bess's life is anything for me to envy. For Lottie, life was all work and no play. All her life, she saved, and saved for the peace of mind in old age. As she believed that "a
job in hand was worth two in the future", she gave up her dream of college. She remained single simply because she wouldn't give up a well-paying job. When she realized what she had missed in life it was a little too late. Bess's life was the opposite: all play and no work. She enjoyed life, but never thought of sharing the burden of making a living, first with her parents, later with her husband. When her husband died and she was penniless, she had to depend on Lottie. (130 words) 2. In old age Lottie might have two major regrets. First, it was wrong not to follow her instructors' advice to go to college. In her high school years，she, worked and saved for her dream of
college. Unfortunately, because of her short-sightedness, she quit school in the last year for what she thought was a good job. Second, she expected to marry and have a family, as young women normally do. But again, fear of losing her pay made her hesitate when she had the opportunity. As her goal was to save for her old age, she lived stingily and never had people come to her house. So she had no friends. When she retired at age 60, she was lonely and couldn't adapt to life without work. (120 words)
Lesson Eleven You Have to Get Me Out of Here
II. Vocabulary
1. Practice using the rules of -word formation. 1) Examine how the word "marriage" is formed and then turn the following into words that end with "-age" and vice versa. Add more words to the list.
The suffix "-age", from Latin, is used to form nouns, linkage mile
postage bag
package pass
storage band
tonnage cover
footage short
coinage carry
2) Examine how the word "critical-care" is formed. Give the meaning of the compound words.
(1)大规模行动 (6)劣质产品
(2)长期的
合同
劳动合同范本免费下载装修合同范本免费下载租赁合同免费下载房屋买卖合同下载劳务合同范本下载
(7)高速公路
(3)短期的效应 (8)蓝领工人
(4)门户开放的政策 (9)热水瓶
(5)高风险的投资 (10)强硬方式
3) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) passage (2) package (3) bandage (4) shortage (5) coverage (6) luggage (7) long-term (8) small-scale (9) high-risk (10)
high-tech
2. Give the opposite of the following.
1) backward 10) imperfect/bad/poor 19) wasteful/lavish 2) to dirty 11) absence 20) to fire/to dismiss 3) to let go/to loosen/to relax 12) irreparable 22) rich 4) to hide/to conceal/to cover 13) smooth/flat 23) intolerable 5) strong/tough 14) to unite/to join/to bind! 24) generous/unselfish
6) to pay attention to/to notice 15) flat/gradual 25) generous/kind
7) final/last 16) to distrust 26) unsettled 8) to shorten 17) discomfort 28) clear/definite 9) to come to 18) to discourage
3. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the expressions listed below.
1) cared for 2) a matter of 3) see, through 4) wears off 5) took, off 6) passed out
7) look, in the eye 8) wore off 9) saw, through 10) a matter of 11) distracted, from 12) attached to 4. Give verbs or phrasal verbs that often go with the following nouns.
For example:
1) get, give, grab, have, see, seize, stand, take, win 2) arrange, continue, enjoy, go on, guide, have, make, plan 3) get, give, have, issue, lose, renew
4) announce, carry out, change, discuss, draw up, fulfill, have, make, work out
5) take, run, increase, reduce, face, involve
6) learn, test, develop, acquire, exhibit, show, improve, need 7) make up, change, cross, enter, know, speak, lose 8) bear, gain, pick up, put on, lose
9) discuss, do, get down to, go into, go out of, launch, mean, start
10) make, seek, tell, spend, cost
11) cause, feel, bear, endure, have, reduce, relieve, kill, suffer from
12) change, ease, encounter, experience, handle, stabilize 5. Choose the right word and put it in the proper
1) (1) missing (2) lost (3) missing
2) (1) Shake (2) trembled (3) shivering (4) trembled 3) (1) shone (2) shimmering (3) gleaming (4) glowing (5) gleaming
6. Examine the uses of ―bear‖ and ―help‖ in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences
after the models.
Other possible uses of "bear" and "help" :
bear: to bear sth. (responsibility, consequences, burden, cost, etc. )
to bear to do sth.
help: to help sb.
to help to do sth.
to help sb. with some job
to help sb. to some food
can't/ couldn't help doing sth.
7. Give the verb pattern of the underlined parts in the sentences below. List other possible adjectives, and then using the pattern, put the Chinese into English.
Verb pattern; be + adj. + to-infinitive (phrase)
Other possible adjectives: afraid, amazed, ashamed, astonished, delighted, determined, dis-
appointed, pleased, relieved, satisfied, shocked
1) We are delighted to be invited to their wedding ceremony. 2) He was quite satisfied to get the job.
3) The foreign friends were astonished to hear that the bridge was completed in two years.
4) He was disappointed to learn that the committee didn't adopt
his proposal.
5) The authorities were afraid to see the railway workers on strike.
6) I'm ashamed to have failed the test again.
7) Mrs.Taylor was relieved to learn that her husband was safe. 8) He was angry to see his boy scream at his mother. 9) He was amazed to find his room wide open.
10) Everybody believes that the truth will be sure to come out soon.
10. Put in the missing words.
(1) where
(2) drinking
(3) later
(4) hated
(5) against
(6) taken (7) could (8) and (9) a (10) giving
(11) pointing (12) want
(13) true (14) alcohol (15) continued
(16) hard (17) there (18) people (19) miss
III. Grammar
1. Turn the verbs in brackets into the right form (proper tenses and the right voice). Add a modal where one is needed.
1) hit, sank, was, had ever traveled, was carrying, had taken on, tried, were
2) arrived, had gone down, picked up, had been, were saved, hadn't lived, lost
3) was, were
4) had prepared, had believed, could sink, had thought, would be, had followed, had supplied, had not yet received, had they practiced, had not even dressed, hit, were sleeping 5) had already received, struck, did not change, was, came, sent, had sent, had just gone, did not hear
6) changed, are, don't go, watch, work, should never happen 2. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets, using a pattern as shown in the examples.
1) the boy's getting stronger and stronger
2) the best organized Asian Games they had ever attended 3) as carefully as if it were a precious treasure
4) his face turned as white as a sheet of paper
5) as intimately as if they had known each other for years 6) He drove faster and faster
7) a more self-confident man (than he is)
8) the greater the problem of management
9) As the income of Chinese families grows/increases
10) any more delicious food than the roast Beijing duck 11) the more mistakes you will make
12) a country (that is ) more determined to host the Olympic Games than theirs
13) With the day of the 2008 Olympic Games drawing nearer and nearer
14) theatre better than this one
15) The higher one's position (is)
3. Combine each pair of the sentences, using a participle phrase as shown in the examples.
1) Walking along the canal one day, he ran into an old friend of his.
2) Sitting in the corner of the classroom, she couldn't hear the teacher clearly.
3) Not knowing the man was the new director, the guard stopped him.
4) Filled with confidence, the new teacher walked onto the platform and began her first les?son.
5) Feeling for the switch in the dark, he touched something hot and screamed.
6) Armed with water hoses, the police set out to meet the demonstrators.
7) Determined to stay on their land, the farmer and his wife refused to join their children in the city.
8) Moved by the little girl's devotion to her parents, people decide to help her.
9) Not satisfied with a minor prize, Xiao Han made up his mind to go for the top prize next year.
10) Heated by the fireplace, the room was nice and warm. 4. Choose the right proposition for each blank.
1) from 6) through/throughout 11) in, to
2) off 7) Out of 12) of, in, against
3) from 8) into 13) Over, in, into
4) into, off 9) out of 14) in
5) in, to 10) With, behind 15) After, into, by
IV Written work
Answer either question in about 120—130 words.
1. What made it possible to save not only Katie's life but also her almost severed leg ?
2. Describe Katie's accident, rescue and treatment. Samples
1. Katie's presence of mind plus her knowledge of self-rescue and critical care played the most important role. She directed her own rescue and told Ric to tie her injured leg to stop the
bleeding and to get her down the mountain. Ric's devotion was as great as Katie's own effort. With Katie in his arms, he struggled down the trail, fighting fear, sickness at the sight of Katie's injured leg and exhaustion, and carried Katie to a field of rock where they got into a truck. Finally, the emergency-medical system worked so efficiently. At 3:30, Katie was picked up by the truck. She was then rushed to a medical center where she was given emergency treatment. At about 5! 00, a helicopter arrived to take her to a hospital. (129 words)
2. At about 2:30, sitting on a steep slope, Katie was badly injured in a rock-slide. Her left leg was almost severed. She remembered her motto: "Face the fear, know what you have to do and do it. " She told Ric to help stop the bleeding. Next, she told Ric to take her out of the place. Ric did what Katie told him and carried her in his arms down the mountain. Luckily, at about 3s 30, they were picked up by a truck. Then two policemen and several volunteer emergency-medical technicians rushed them to a medical center where Katie was given an injection. At about 5!00, a helicopter came and took her to a hospital. Within three hours after the accident, Katie was safe in the care of experienced medical people. (131 words)
Lesson Twelve Confession of a Miseducated Man
II Vocabulary
1. Practice using the rules of word formation
7) Examine how the words "miseducated" and "citizenship" are formed. Find out the meaning of the prefix "mis-" and the suffix "-ship" with the help of a dictionary.
The prefix "mis-", from Old English, means " badly, wrongly or the opposite of". The suffix "-ship", from Old English, is used to form nouns.
2) Turn the following into nouns that end with the suffix "-ship". Add more words to the list.
citizenship membership fellowship relationship
kinship statesmanship leadership
3) Turn the following into verbs that start with the prefix "mis-" and vice versa. Add more words to the list.
misfire mispronounce misguide mistreat mislead
mistrust misprint misuse
inform spell interpret take place understand
4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) mistaken (7) mistreated
(2) misunderstand (8) Membership
(3) misused (9) leadership
(4) misspelled (10) statesmanship
(5) misread (11) full scholarship
(6) mislead
5) Give the noun forms of the following verbs or adjectives.
(1) combination (9) pursuit (9) pursuit (2) comprehension (10) reference (10) reference (3) dependence (11) requirement (11) requirement (4) inspiration (12) response (12) response (5) instruction (13) variation/variety(13) variation/variety
(6) occurrence (14) comparison (14) comparison (7) possession (15) curiosity (15) curiosity (8) preference (16) depth (16) depth
2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in
their proper forms.
1) respond to 8) in terms of, in terms of 2) protect, against 9) gives way to
3) take in 10) act on
4) all but 11) turned out
5) acted on 12) wipe out
6) wipe out 13) responded to
7) turned out
14) given way to , given way to, given way to, all but 3. Put the following into English.
1) to meet/to satisfy needs 7) to visualize the result 2) to occupy space 8) to alter the balance
3) to bypass the law 9) to remove the tariffs
4) to grasp the meaning 10) to pursue a faith
5) to respect the difference 11) to possess certain faculties 6) to foresee the future 12) to concern human welfare 4. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using idiomatic expressions of "out of".
1) out of curiosity 2) out of jealousy 3) Out of fear 4) out of work 5) out of control 6) out of breath 7) out of danger 8) out of fashion 9) out of sight 10) out of his mind 11) out of shape 12) out of balance 13) out of focus 14) out of practice
5. Examine the uses of "concern" in the sentences below. List other Possible uses of the word, and then make sentences after the models.
Other possible uses of "concern":
to concern oneself with/about
to be concerned with (said of a story or a book) to be concerned about
to express/show concern for sth. /sb.
6. Give the meaning of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the mean?ings are different in different contexts.
(1) apply 适用于 (7) course 过程
(2) apply 申请 (8) course 一道菜
(3) order 顺序 (9) scale 规模
(4) orde 命令 (10) scale
天平
(5) order 叫菜 (11) scale
等级
(6) course 过程 (12) scale 鱼鳞
7. Give the verb pattern of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then make sentences? using the pattern and the information and words given.
Verb pattern: vt. + n, /pron. + adj.
Other possible verbs: believe, consider, feel, get, keep, paint, prove, think
One possibilities of the sentences;
1) The pain was soon gone. It proved the medicine effective. 2) We have painted the ceiling white and the walls light green. 3) Please leave me alone. I'll be all right soon. 4) He considered the situation most favorable to us. 5) At first we didn't believe it possible.
6) She felt herself unworthy of the praise.
7) You should keep the information you give up to date. 8) They released the young man because they found him innocent.
9) Praise makes good men better and bad men worse, (proverb) 10) Nancy's roommates all think her hardworking.
8. Put in the missing words.
(1) experienced(6) had/held (11) frightening (16) door (2) outside (7) on (12) round (17) moving
(3) foreign (8) how (13) at (18) toward
(4) mean' (9) himself (14) stood (19) like
(5) left (10) well (15) where (20) terrible
III. Grammar
1. Practice using infinitives
1) Combine the pairs of sentences using one of the patterns as
shown in the examples.
(1) With a family of five to support, the man has to work 60 hours a week.
(2) It would be a good thing for a language student to know a little of everything?
(3) With t-wo exams to -worry about, I have to work real hard this weekend.
(4) The event provided an opportunity for Chinese and foreign students to communicate with each other.
(5) In order to become a ballet dancer, the girl left for London. (6) It is unreasonable for the teacher to require the students to know all the texts by heart.
(7) There is no reason for parents to worry about their adult children, for they must tackle problems themselves. (8) With a sick child to care for, she had to quit her job. (9) The film crew has been waiting several days for the weather to clear up.
(10) In order to save time they moved to an apartment near their workplace.
3) Join the parts from the two columns to make sentences. (1) + D—> The duty of a doctor is to save the dying and cure the sick.
(2) + A—> It wouldn't hurt him to do a bit of housework. (3) + B—> That's the only way to deal with people like him. (4) + J —> They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet, as a Chinese proverb goes.
(5) + I —> To save every penny for his daughter's education, he gave up his favorite food.
(6) + C—> It's simply impossible for a 12-year-old child to run a company of that size.
(7) + F—> From Professor Jin, I learned how to get information for a research paper.
(8) + E—> To turn down the invitation seems rude.
(9) + H—> Not to strive for success is regarded as a crime against the state in the U. S.
(10) + G—> The manager knows exactly what to do in an emergency.
2. Practice using the anticipatory "it‖
1) Rewrite the sentences using the patterns below. (1) It's important that children should be brought up in a healthy environment.
(2) It turned out that the FBI agent was a spy working for a foreign country.
(3) It's a desirable quality in a sportsman/sportswoman to be
able to accept defeat gracefully.
(4) It sounds impossible that a child of six could write a poem like that.
(5) It is important that both parties should be aware of the risks of such a huge project.
(6) It is a sign of weakness on the part of parents to be unable to say "no" to their children's unreasonable request
(7) It turned out that my high school math teacher was a friend of my father's.
(8) It is quite possible that the pop star will be recognized by his fans on his way to the con?cert hall and therefore be delayed. (9) It was amazing that almost everybody in the town turned out to welcome him. (10) It is an indication of ignorance to believe that some languages are superior to others.
3. Practice using "'not... but... " and "not only ... but (.also),.,". , 1) Combine the pairs of sentences using "not ... but ..." or "not only ... but (a/so) ... ". (1) What children really want from their parents are not material things, but care and attention.
(2) Remember we do not live to eat, but eat to live.
(3) Professor Yuan is well known for his research in physics not only at home but also abroad.
(4) Happiness exists not in riches but in your peace of mind. (5) The university is proud not only of its beautiful campus and good facilities but also of its strong teaching staff. (6) A PC is to be used not as a typewriter but as a multi-purpose electronic machine.
(7) These people came to China not to seek their fortune but to help with her modernization.
(8) To be a good driver, you need not only skills but also the presence of mind to deal with emergencies.
(9) Present at the professor's funeral were not only many of his students but also the Minis?ter of Education herself. (10) The thief robbed them not only of all their money and valuables but also of the pleasure of traveling.
(11) Their problem was not that they lacked up-to-date equipment, but that they didn't know how to use their human resources.
(12) The English director was surprised to find that the Chinese audiences not only under?stood his production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice but also appreciated it.
5. Put in articles or other determiners "where necessary. When nothing is needed, put a slash "/".
1) /, /, the, a, a, The, a, the
2) Some, a, /, the, a
3) /, /, their, the, the, the, /, their, their
4) /, a/any, the, /, these, a, their, the, the, the, every 5) /, /, a, a, the, the, its
6. Identify and correct the mistake in each, of the sentences. 1) By the time we reached the airport, the plane had taken off. 2) Not knowing what to do next, they decided to ask Xiao Li for advice.
3) The longer they stayed in China, the more they appreciated her culture.
4) Looking out of the window, he saw a stranger rushing out of the house.
5) The couple treated the orphan girl as if she were their own daughter.
6) I've never seen a more beautiful sunset than this. Or: I've never seen a beautiful sunset like this.
7) Mobile phones made in China are as good as those of foreign brands.
8) When Katie was thrown into the air, Ric -was still climbing toward where she was.
9) It wouldn't cost much to have your PC upgraded now that the price of CPU has gone down a lot.
10) While Katie was sitting cross-legged on the slope, a big fell right on her left leg.
IV Written Work
The writer believes that the similarities between nations outweigh the differences. Describe his arguments in 120-130 words.
Sample:
The writer first points out that in the vast universe, the human race is something very rare. Of all living things, man alone can think and reason. Whatever the color of their skin, human beings are different from all other forms of life because of their intelligence. In this sense, the differences between peoples are insignificant.
Second, science and technology are turning the world into a global village, where many human activities are being globalized. Besides, since we share one home ---the earth--- and have the same needs for water, food, air, shelter, etc. , all peoples and nations are faced with the same task of keeping nature balanced for human existence. So we should overlook our
differences and work in the common interest of making our
home livable. (128 words) 202
Lesson Fourteen Space Shuttle Challenger
II. Vocabulary and Grammar 1. Give the meaning of the following words in Chinese(
(1)地铁(6)次文化
(2)底土(7)副标题
(3)零度以下(8)小标题
(4)潜水艇(9)进一步划分
(5)次大陆(10)低于标准的
2. Give the meaning of the words in Chinese(Pay special attention to their formation. (1)空调机(8)止痛药
(2)开瓶刀(9)螺丝刀
话听筒 (3)打火机(10)电
(4)电饭锅(11)打字机
(5)掸子(12)真空吸尘器
(6)加热器(13)破冰船
(7)割草机(14)计时员
3. Give words or expressions with similar meanings.
1). Unexpected
2). Clearly/obviously
3). To piece together / to put together
4) useless / vain
5). Unbelievable / remarkable 6). To show / to suggest
7). First / starting
8). Moment
9). Magnificent
10) task / calling
11). Regularly / repeatedly 12). Profit / gain
13). To take up again / to begin with 14). Attack
15). Company
16). To bear / to stand
17). To build / to construct 18). Recently / in recent times 19). To establish
20). To weep / to cry
21). To long for / to desire for 22). Stress
23). Joy
24) friendly / pleasant
25). Sad / awful / terrible
4. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms, and then make sentences with each of the expressions.
1). Served as2) is scheduled for3). Warming up
4). On schedule5). In the event of, serve as6). Build up 6. Put the following into English.
1). To push the button9) to witness the launch
2). To lack capital10). To suffer a failure
3). To relax one‘s guard11). To monitor the process
4). To let out hydrogen12). To abort the plan
5). To load liquid oxygen13). To file profiles
6). To paralyze the traffic14). To confirm the reservation 7). To dictate my impressions15). To hit the street 8). To print the story
7. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs of ―hold‖ and ―pull‖.
1). Held up2). Hold on3). Holding back
4). Hold in5) hold out6). Pull together
7). Pulled into8). Pulled on9). Pull through
8. Give the meaning of the underlined parts in the sentences
below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.
1). Press 出版社7). Mark马克
3). Press conference 记者招待会8) marks记号
3). Pressed on坚持继续前进9). Well加强语气
4). Press按住10) well 井
5). Mark标志11) bitterness 愤怒
6). Mark分数12). Bitter味苦的
9. Put in the right conjunction.
1). As2). While / as3) as4). When5). Before
6). Until7). As8). When, until9). Before10) while 11). Before
10. Practice using relative clauses.
1). The boy sat on the far side of the room, where his mother could easily see him out of the corner of her eye. 2). The woman put two cups of coffee on a table that had a chair on either side of it.
3). The man hurried to the hospital where his son was getting emergency treatment.
4). Many parents complain that quite a number of TV shows lead children to expect things that never happen. 5). There are a number of points we need to clarify before
official talks begin.
6). The year Galileo Galilei died, another great scientist, Isaac Newton, was born.
7). The criticism, ―he has no sense of humor‖, is very commonly heard in Britain, where humor is highly prized.
8). The police did not ask the boy about his family, or anything that would embarrass him.
9). As soon as school was over, the boy rushed to the gate, where his father was waiting to take him home.
10. Happiest of all was the day when Hans Chritian Andersen returned to his hometown nearly 50 yeas after he had left it.
Lesson Fifteen The Riddle of Time
II. Vocabulary and Grammar
1. Translate and give the meaning of the prefix“over”in the
following words(
(1)表演过火 (9)过于明亮的
(2)悬垂的 (10)过期的
(3)使负担过重 (11)海外的
(4)过街天桥 (12)睡过头
(5)水泄不通的 (13)过于小心的
(6)人口过剩的 (14)超重
(7)人浮于事的 (15)大衣
(8)多支付
2. Give the opposite of the following.
1).inaccurate 2). Simple 3). Close / near 4). Out of control
5). External 6). Impossibility 7). Inexact / vague 8). Irregular / unusual
9). Unrepeatable 10). Proven / known 11). To separate / to divide
12). To descend / to go down 13). Safe 14). To disappear 15). Fruitful / effective
16). Harmful / dangerous 17). To unload 18). Invisible
3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.
1). Broke, into 2) regardless of 3). Make of 4). Taken on 5). Divided into 6) looked upon as 7). Resulted from 8). Took on 9). Regardless of 10). Was in for 11). Resulted from 12) divide; into
4. Translate the following phrases into English. 1). To live a happy life
2). To start a new life
3). To sacrifice one‘s life
4). To give one‘s life to
5). To risk one‘s life
6). To save life
7). To lose one‘s life
8). To take one‘s own life
9). To devote one‘s life to the people
10). To affect one‘s life
5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1). Out 2) out of 3) on 4) back 5) out of 6) to 7) in 8) to 9) away 10) to 11) out 12) at 13) over 14) on 15) up 16) at 17) up 6. Rewrite these sentences.
1). All observed arrows of time are said to go in only one direction.
2). They were believed to have sold some of their precious paintings.
3). Humans are thought to have internalized time so powerfully that it has taken on a meaning all its own.
4). She was said to have been the first woman to fly in a space shuttle.
5). No one was reported to have been killed in the fire. 6). The financial aid was know to have saved their company. 7). She was proved to be innocent.
7. Put in the right connective that introduces noun clauses(
1). That 2). Whether or not / if 3). What 4). How, how 5). What 6). How long 7). Why 8). Who 9). Which 10). If 8. Circle the letter of the most likely answer. 1). C 2). D 3) A 4) D 5) B
6). C 7). D 8). B 9). A 10)A
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