交通灯控制逻辑电路设计说明书

交通灯控制逻辑电路设计培优班0704240211陈海欣PAGE/NUMPAGES电气制图及CAD交通灯控制逻辑电路设计0704240211陈海欣简述为了确保十字路口的车辆顺利、畅通地通过,往往都采用自动控制的交通信号灯来进行指挥。其中红灯〔R亮表示该条道路禁止通行；黄灯〔Y亮表示停车；绿灯〔G亮表示允许通行。交通灯控制器的系统框图如图3.1所示。图3.1交通灯控制器系统框图二、设计任务和要求设计一个十字路口交通信号灯控制器,其要求如下：满足如图3.2顺序工作 流程 快递问题件怎么处理流程河南自建厂房流程下载关于规范招聘需求审批流程制作流程表下载邮件下载流程设计 。图中设南北方向的红、黄、绿灯分别为NSR、NSY、NSG,东西方向的红、黄、绿灯分别为EWR、EWY、EWG。它们的工作方式,有些必须是并行进行的,即南北方向绿灯亮,东西方向红灯亮；南北方向黄灯亮,东西方向红灯亮；南北方向红灯亮,东西方向绿灯亮；南北方向红灯亮,东西方向黄灯亮。图3.2交通灯顺序工作流程图2.应满足两个方向的工作时序：即东西方向亮红灯时间应等于南北方向亮黄、绿灯时间之和,南北方向亮红灯时间应等于东西方向亮黄、绿灯时间之和。时序工作流程图见图3.3所示。图3.3中,假设每个单位时间为3秒,则南北、东西方向绿、黄、红灯亮时间分别为15秒、3秒、18秒,一次循环为36秒。其中红灯亮的时间为绿灯、黄灯亮的时间之和,黄灯是间歇闪耀。图3.3交通灯时序工作流程图3.十字路口要有数字显示,作为时间提示,以便人们更直观地把握时间。具体为：当某方向绿灯亮时,置显示器为某值,然后以每秒减1计数方式工作,直至减到数为"0”,十字路口红、绿等交换,一次工作循环结束,而进入下一步某方向的工作循环。例如：当南北方向从红灯转换成绿灯时,置南北方向数字显示为18,并使数显计数器开始减"1"计数,当减到绿灯灭而黄灯亮〔闪耀时,数显得值应为3,当减到"0"时,此时黄灯灭,而南北方向的红灯亮；同时,使得东西方向的绿灯亮,并置东西方向的数显为18。4.可以手动调整和自动控制,夜间为黄灯闪耀。5.在完成上述任务后,可以对电路进行以下几方面的电路改进或扩展。〔1在某一方向〔如南北为十字路口主干道,另一方向〔如东西为次干道；主干道由于车辆、行人多,而次干道的车辆、行人少,所以主干道绿灯亮的时间可以选定为次干道绿灯亮时间的2倍或3倍。〔2用LED发光二极管模拟汽车行驶电路。当某一方向绿灯亮时,这一方向的发光二极管接通,并一个一个向前移动,表示汽车在行驶；当遇到黄灯亮时,移位发光二极管就停止,而过了十字路口的移位发光二极管继续向前移动；红灯亮时,则另一方向转为绿灯亮,那么,这一方向的LED发光二极管就开始移位〔表示这一方向的车辆行驶。三、设计 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 根据设计任务和要求,参考交通灯控制器的逻辑电路主要框图3.1,设计方案可以从以下几部分进行考虑。秒脉冲和分频器因十字路口每个方向绿、黄、红灯所亮时间比例分别为5:1:6,所以,若选4秒〔也可以3秒为一单位时间,则计数器每计4秒输出一个脉冲。这一电路就很容易实现,交通灯控制器由波形图可知,计数器每次工作循环周期为12,所以可以选用12进制计数器。计数器可以用单触发器组成,也可以用中规模集成计数器。这里我们选用中规模74LS164八位移位寄存器组成扭环形12进制计数器。扭环形计数器的状态表如表3.1所示。表3.1状态表t计数器输出南北方向东西方向Q0Q1Q2Q3Q4Q5NSGNSYNSREWGEWYEWR012345678910110000001000001000001110001111001111101111110111110011110001110000110000011001001001001000000100100100100100100100100100100100110010010010010000根据状态表,我们不难列出东西方向和南北方向绿、黄、红灯的逻辑表达式：东西方向绿：黄：红：南北方向绿：黄：红：由于黄灯要求闪耀几次,所以用时标1s和EWY或NSY黄灯信号相"与"即可。3.显示控制部分显示控制部分实际上是一个定时控制电路。当绿灯亮时,使减法计数器开始工作〔用对方的红灯信号控制,每来一个秒脉冲,使计数器减1,直到计数器为"0"而停止。译码显示可用74LS248BCD码七段译码器,显示器用LC5011-11共阴极LED显示器,计数器材用可预置加、减法计数器,如74LS168、74LS193等。手动/自动控制,夜间控制这可用一选择开关进行。置开关在手动位置,输入单次脉冲,可使交通灯在某一位置上,开关在自动位置时,则交通信号灯按自动循环工作方式运行。夜间时,将夜间开关接通,黄灯闪亮。汽车模拟运行控制用移位寄存器组成汽车模拟控制系统,即当某一方向绿灯亮时,则绿灯亮"G"信号使该路方向的移位通路打开,而当黄、红灯亮时,则使该方向的移位停止。如图3.4所示,为南北方向汽车模拟控制电路。图3.4汽车模拟控制电路四、电路简要说明1.单次手动及脉冲电路单次脉冲是由两个与非门组成的RS触发器产生的,当按下K1时,有一个脉冲输出使74LS164移位计数,实现手动控制。K2在自动位置时,由秒脉冲电路经分频后〔4分频输入给74LS164,这样,74LS164为每4秒向前移一位〔计数1次。秒脉冲电路可用晶振或RC振荡电路构成。控制器部分它由74LS164组成扭环形计数器,然后经译码后输出十字路口南北、东西两个方向的控制信号。其中黄灯信号必须满足闪耀,并在夜间时,使黄灯闪亮,而绿、红灯灭。数字显示部分当南北方向绿灯亮,而东西方向红灯亮时,使南北方向的74LS168以减法计数器方式工作,从数字"24”开始往下减,当减到"0”时,南北方向绿灯灭,红灯亮,而东西方向红灯灭,绿灯亮。由于东西方向红灯灭信号〔EWR：0使与门关断,减法计数器工作结束,而南北方向红灯亮使另一方向——东西方向减法计数器开始工作。在减法计数开始之前,由黄灯亮信号使减法计数器先置入数据,图中接入U/和的信号就是由黄灯亮〔为高电平时,置入数据。黄灯灭〔Y=0而红灯亮〔R=1开始减计数。汽车模拟控制电路这一部分电路参考图4。当黄灯〔Y或红灯〔R亮时,则这端为高〔H电平,在CP移位脉冲作用下,而向前移位,高电平"H"从QH一直移到QA〔图中74LS164-1由于绿灯在红灯和黄灯位高电平时,它为低电平,所以74LS164-1QA的信号就不能送到74LS164-2移位寄存器的RI端。这样,就模拟了当黄、红灯亮时汽车停止的功能。而当绿灯亮,黄、红灯灭〔G=1,R=0,Y=0时,74LS164-1、74LS164-2都能在CP移位脉冲作用下向前移位。这就意味着绿灯亮时汽车向前运行这一功能。五、电路逻辑图六、元器件清单PartTypeDesignatorFootprint74LS00U3DIP1474LS05U5DIP1474LS08U12DIP1474LS08U10DIP1474LS08U22DIP1474LS11U13DIP1474LS32U11DIP1474LS74U2DIP1474LS164U23DIP1474LS168AU14DIP1674LS168AU15DIP1674LS168AU17DIP1674LS168AU16DIP164511U19DIP164511U18DIP164511U21DIP164511U20DIP16CAPR3RAD0.1CON2J1RAD0.3DPY_7-SEG_DPDS4DIP18DPY_7-SEG_DPDS3DIP18DPY_7-SEG_DPDS2DIP18DPY_7-SEG_DPDS1DIP18LAMPDS10RAD0.2LAMPDS5RAD0.2LAMPDS6RAD0.2LAMPDS7RAD0.2LAMPDS9RAD0.2LAMPDS8RAD0.2NE555U1DIP8RES2R4AXIAL0.3RES2R5AXIAL0.3RES2R1AXIAL0.3RES2R2AXIAL0.3RES2R6DIP14SW-SPDTS1TO-126SWSPDTS2TO-126SWSPSTS3RAD0.3七、网络表[DS1DIP18DPY_7-SEG_DP][DS2DIP18DPY_7-SEG_DP][DS3DIP18DPY_7-SEG_DP][DS4DIP18DPY_7-SEG_DP][DS5RAD0.2LAMP][DS6RAD0.2LAMP][DS7RAD0.2LAMP][DS8RAD0.2LAMP][DS9RAD0.2LAMP][DS10RAD0.2LAMP][J1RAD0.3CON2][R1AXIAL0.3RES2][R2AXIAL0.3RES2][R3RAD0.1CAP][R4AXIAL0.3RES2][R5AXIAL0.3RES2][R6DIP14RES2][S1TO-126SW-SPDT][S2TO-126SWSPDT][S3RAD0.3SWSPST][U1DIP8NE555][U2DIP1474LS74][U3DIP1474LS00][U5DIP1474LS05][U10DIP1474LS08][U11DIP1474LS32][U12DIP1474LS08][U13DIP1474LS11][U14DIP1674LS168A][U15DIP1674LS168A][U16DIP1674LS168A][U17DIP1674LS168A][U18DIP164511][U19DIP164511][U20DIP164511][U21DIP164511][U22DIP1474LS08][U23DIP1474LS164]NetU17_2U17-2U22-6>八、PCBNetlistNetsreportForDocuments\交通灯控制逻辑电路设计.PCBOn13-Jun-2009at19:41:55GNDSignalLayersOnlyLength:84696milsNetR6_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:21897milsNetS1_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:4182milsNetS1_3SignalLayersOnlyLength:4106milsNetS2_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:2509milsNetU10_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:8905milsNetU10_3SignalLayersOnlyLength:9453milsNetU10_6SignalLayersOnlyLength:10480milsNetU11_3SignalLayersOnlyLength:4421milsNetU11_6SignalLayersOnlyLength:4768milsNetU12_11SignalLayersOnlyLength:2623milsNetU12_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:11890milsNetU12_3SignalLayersOnlyLength:3460milsNetU12_6SignalLayersOnlyLength:2350milsNetU12_8SignalLayersOnlyLength:2863milsNetU13_12SignalLayersOnlyLength:3698milsNetU13_13SignalLayersOnlyLength:10817milsNetU13_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:13488milsNetU13_6SignalLayersOnlyLength:3087milsNetU14_11SignalLayersOnlyLength:2020milsNetU14_12SignalLayersOnlyLength:3299milsNetU14_13SignalLayersOnlyLength:3092milsNetU14_14SignalLayersOnlyLength:2248milsNetU14_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:3447milsNetU14_9SignalLayersOnlyLength:9907milsNetU15_11SignalLayersOnlyLength:2404milsNetU15_12SignalLayersOnlyLength:2528milsNetU15_13SignalLayersOnlyLength:2528milsNetU15_14SignalLayersOnlyLength:2753milsNetU15_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:0milsNetU16_11SignalLayersOnlyLength:2384milsNetU16_12SignalLayersOnlyLength:2508milsNetU16_13SignalLayersOnlyLength:2508milsNetU16_14SignalLayersOnlyLength:2743milsNetU16_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:2688milsNetU17_11SignalLayersOnlyLength:2332milsNetU17_12SignalLayersOnlyLength:2457milsNetU17_13SignalLayersOnlyLength:2457milsNetU17_14SignalLayersOnlyLength:2639milsNetU17_2SignalLayersOnlyLength:0milsNetU18_10SignalLayersOnlyLength:2539milsNetU18_11SignalLayersOnlyLength:2539milsNetU18_12SignalLayersOnlyLength:2539milsNetU18_13SignalLayersOnlyLength:2539milsNetU18_14SignalLayersOnlyLength:3203milsNetU18_15SignalLayersOnlyLength:3413milsNetU18_9SignalLayersOnlyLength:2539milsNetU19_10SignalLayersOnlyLength:2049milsNetU19_11SignalLayersOnlyLength:2049milsNetU19_12SignalLayersOnlyLength:2049milsNetU19_13SignalLayersOnlyLength:2049milsNetU19_14SignalLayersOnlyLength:2840milsNetU19_15SignalLa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总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 与 心得体会 决胜全面小康心得体会学党史心得下载党史学习心得下载军训心得免费下载党史学习心得下载 在本次实验中,我设计出的原理图有39个元器件器件,且经过实验室的实物检测,实验中我选择了在电路图SCH环境中,用同步器Design/UpdatePCB调入PCB元件,这样布局比较合理,然后在这个基础上进行调整,采用自动布线,使布线足够简单为止在Protel软件的学习中,通过老师的课堂讲解,上机实验以及课外对有关资料的借阅,对软件有了初步的理解,虽然这门课程结束了,但是我将继续提高自己在这方面的运用水平,加强理论向实践的转化