全新版大学英语第二版综合教程4课后答案

全新版大学英语〔第二版〕综合教程4TextA课后练习答案UnitOneFightingwiththeForcesofNaturePartIITextAVocabulary1)alliance2)atthecostof3)stroke4)limp5)minus6)regions7)eclarations8)siege9)raw10)bidehistime11)havetakentheirtoll12)inthecaseof2.1)isfacedwith2)getboggeddown3)ispressingon/pressedon4)dragon5)getby6)dineout7)havecutback8)getthrough3.1)Therapidadvanceingenetherapymayleadtotheconquestofcancerinthenearfuture.2)Productioninmanyfactorieshasbeenbroughttoahaltbythedelayedarrivalofrawmaterialsduetothedockworkers’strike.3)Sarahasmadeuphermindthatherleisureinterestswill/shouldnevergetinthewayofhercareer.4)Obviouslythereporter'squestioncaughttheforeignministeroffguard.5)Theintroductionoftheelectroniccalculatorhasrenderedtheslideruleoutofdate/obsolete.1)Beingfacedwithanenemyforcesmuchsuperiortoours,wehadtogiveuptheoccupationofbigcitiesandretreattotheruralandmountainousregionstobuildupourbases.Unityiscrucialtotheefficientoperationofanorganization.Failuretoreckonwiththisproblemwillweakenitsstrength.Inmanycases,workmaybebroughttoahaltbyconstantinternalstruggleinanorganization.TheRedArmyfoughtaheroicbattleatStalingradandwonthedecisivevictoryagainsttheGermans.Infact,thisbattleturnedthetideintheSecondWorldWar.Duringthisfamousbattle,theSoviettroopswithstoodtheGermansiegeandweakenedtheGermanarmybylaunchingaseriesofcounterattacks.II.MoreSynonymsinContext1)DuringtheFirstWorldWar,battlesoccurredhereandthereovervastareas.SomeofthemostdramaticfightingtookplaceinthegloomytrenchesofFranceandBelgium.2)Elizabethmadecarefulpreparationsfortheinterviewandherefforts/homeworkpaidoff.3)1spenthourstryingtotalkhimintoacceptingthesettlement,butheturnedadeafeartoallmywords.Pneumoniahadseverelyweakenedherbody,andIwonderedhowherfragilebodycouldwithstandtheharshweather.III.UsageButoftenitisnotuntilwefallillthatwefinallylearntoappreciategoodhealth.Aricholdladylaydeadathomefortwoweeks—andnobodyknewanythingaboutit.It'ssaidhedroppeddeadfromaheartattackwhenhewasatworkDon'tsittooclosetothefiretokeepwarm—youcouldeasilygetburned,especiallyifyoufallasleep.Inthosedayspeoplebelievedinmarryingyoungandhavingchildrenearly.LittleTomwasunabletositstillforlongerthanafewminutes.ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze1.1.invasion2.standintheway3.conquest4.catching...offhisguard5.launching6.declaration7.campaign8.dragon9.reckonwith10.bringing...toahalt2.1.allow2.reckoned3.highly4.forecasts5.rapidly6.instant7.delivery8.advantage9.observing10.powerfulII.Translation1)Mr.Dohertyandhisfamilyarecurrentlyengagedingettingtheautumnharvestinonthefarm.Wemustnotunderestimatetheenemy.Theyareequippedwiththemostsophisticatedweapons.Havingbeencutofajob/Nothavinghadajobfor3months,Philisgettingincreasinglydesperate.Sam,astheprojectmanager,isdecisive,efficient,andaccurateinhisjudgment.Sincethechemicalplantwasidentifiedasthesourceofsolution,thevillageneighborhoodcommitteedecidedtocloseitdownatthecostof100jobs.Theoffensivehadalreadylastedthreedays,butwehadnotgainedmuchground.Ourtroopsengagingtheenemyatthefrontwerefacedwithstrong/fierce/stiffresistance.Thedivisioncommanderinstructedourbattaliontogetaroundtotherearoftheenemyandlaunchasurpriseattack.Todoso,however,wehadtocrossamarshlandandmanyofuswereafraidwemightgetboggeddowninthemud.Ourbattalioncommanderdecidedtotakeagamble.Westartedundercoverofdarknessandpressedoninspiteofgreatdifficulties.Byastrokeofluck,thetemperatureatnightsuddenlydroppedtominus20degreesCelsiusandthemarshfrozeover.Thankstothecoldweather,wearrivedatourdestinationbeforedawnandbeganattackingtheenemyfromtherear.Thisturnedthetideofthebattle.Theenemy,caughtoffguard,soonsurrendered.UnitTwoSmartCarsVocabularyI.1.1)expansion2)automated3)vapor4)takecontrolof5)hazards6)satellite7)vibrated8)magnetic9)bunched10)intheair11)got/wasstuckin12)approximately2.1)sendout2)standupfor3)passfor4)wereclosinginon5)startingup6)wentthrough7)fillout8)fallinto3.1)…incorporatesallthelatestsafetyfeatures2)…twotreestenfeetapart3)…awardinglucrativecontractstohisconstructionfirm4)…theprototypeofanewmodelbeforetheysetupafactorytomakethecars.5)…arecorrelatedinallracialgroups4.1)theapplication,remote,hasturnedintoareality,arepoisedto2)thatvibrate,candetect,frequency3)lanes,aremountedin,alerta,hazardII.WordFormationClippedWords:kilokilogrammemomemorandumgymgymnasiumlibliberationdocdoctorvetveterinarianpreppreparatoryautoautomobilefluinfluenzaBlends:MedicaremedicalcareemailelectronicmailcomsatcommunicationssatellitenewscastnewsbroadcastskyjackskyhijackEurodollarEuropeandollarbrunchbreakfastandlunchtelecasttelevisionbroadcastOxbridgeOxfordandCambridgeIII.Usage1.swimmingpool2.drawingboard3.enrichedMiddleEnglish4.disturbingchange5.fullydevelopedprototype6.Cannedfoods7.workingpopulation8.puzzlingdifferencesComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze1.1)computerized2)startup3)bepoisedto4)alert5)hazards6)monotonous7)takecontrolof8)steer9)lane10)decrease11)calculate12)eliminate13)gettingstuckin14)mounted15)detect16)vapor2.1)generates2)related3)revolutionized4)enabled5)opportunities6)overall7)manufacturing8)dependent9)interact10)fatalitiesII.Translation1.1)Therewasanunusualquietnessintheair,exceptforthesoundofartilleryinthedistance.2)TheexpansionofurbanareasinsomeAfricancountrieshasbeencausingasignificantfallinlivingstandardsandanincreaseinsocialproblem.3)Theresearchshowsthatatmosphericcarbondioxidelevelsarecloselycorrelatedwithglobaltemperatures.4)Thefrequencyofthebusservicehasbeenimprovedfrom15to12minutesrecently5)Thediverstoodontheedgeofthedivingboard,poisedtojumpatthesignalfromthecoach.2.Automobileshave,sincetheirinvention,revolutionizedtransportation,changingforeverthewaypeoplelive,travel,anddobusiness.Ontheotherhand,theyhavebroughthazards,especiallyhighwayfatalities.However,todaytheapplicationofcomputertechnologyandelectronicsensorsindesigningandmanufacturingcarsmakesitpossibletoeliminatemostoftrafficaccidents.Forexample,electronicsensorsmountedinyourcarcandetectalcoholvaporintheairandrefusetostartuptheengine.Theycanalsomonitorroadconditionsbyreceivingradiosignalssentoutfromorbitingsatellitesandgreatlyreduceyourchancesofgettingstuckintrafficjams.Unit3JobInterviewTextOrganizationParagraphsMainIdeasParas1-6:Anill-preparedcollegegraduatefailedhisinterview.Paras7-27:Fourpiecesofadviceonbeingasuccessfulinterviewee.Paras28-31Makeyourowntracksinwhateveryoudo.2.Suggestions1)Preparetowin.2)Neverstoplearning.3)Believeinyourself,evenwhennooneelsedoes.4)Findawaytomakeadifference.Examples1)MichaelJordan2)a90-year-oldtennisplayer3)thefour-minutemile,theNewYorkMarathonandtheVietnamveteran.4)aNewYorkcabdriver.LanguageSenseEnhancement1.(1)checkedwith(2)interview(3)grill(4)clippings(5)berightfor(6)followup(7)indicating〔8〕hand-delivered(9)prepared(10)prospectiveVocabularyI.1.1)rude2)physically3)structure4)madeadifference5)blurted(out)6)chuckling7)measurable8)prospective9)preparations10)sparkled11)tookacrackat12)partner2.1)goafter2)lookbackat/on3)beputup4)stoodfor5)buildin6)followup7)behookedupto8)closedup3.1)grilledheraboutwhereshehadbeenallnight2)beyondCinderella’swildestdreamsthatshecouldonedaydanceintheKing’spalace3)willbeinreaders’handssoon4)doyourhomeworkbeforegoingonaninterview.5)wasintheneighborhoodof150dollars.4.1〕applicants,veteran,theprospective2〕Fromhisstandpoint,hasmadeeveryendeavortogoafter3)asthesayinggoes,tohaveacrackat,barelyII.WordswithMultipleMeanings1.behave2.usedtoavoidrepetition3.Clean4.getalong5.perform/complete6.perform/complete7.study8.beenough9.beacceptableIII.Usage1.Thereissomuchtosayanditishardtoknowwheretobegin.OK,I’lltalkaboutmyselffirst.2.Thankyouverymuch,John,foryourbeautifulChristmascard.Bytheway,Ihavesomethinghereforyou.3.Thenewcomputerlanguagecanbequiteeasilyunderstoodbyanyonewhocanreadthedailynewspaper.Now,whyisthisanadvantage?4.I’mgoingtoworkouttheoutlineandwillletyouknowhowitgoes.Bytheway,IwillseeyouinFebruary,asIplantoattendyourseminarinShanghai.5.OK,yougotthejob.Now,howtomaximizeyourprofitswithaslittleeffortaspossible?6.ChrisisbackfromAustralia.Incidentally,thosepicturesyousentmearewonderful.ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze1.(1)prospective(2)AsIseeit(3)relevant(4)beforehand(5)endeavor(6)structure(7)partners(8)Respond(9)takeacrack(10)fromthestandpoint(11)makeadifference(12)followup2.(1)encouraging(2)inquiry(3)doneyourhomework(4)samples(5)references(6)advice(7)preparing(8)seriously(9)probably(10)exhibitII.Translation1.1)Despitetheinadequatelengthoftheairstripinthisemergencylanding,theveteranpilotmanagedtostoptheplaneaftertaxiingforonlyashortwhile.2)Grilledbythereporters,themoviestareventuallyblurted(out)thatshehadundergonetwoplasticsurgeries.3)Wehavethetechnologyandourpartnerhasthecapital.Workingtogether,we’llhavethefutureinourhands.4)IfIhadknownbeforehandthatyouwouldbringsomanyfriendshome,Iwouldhavemadebetterpreparations.Yousee,Ihavebarelyenoughfoodanddrinksforasnack.5)Peoplegavegenerouslyuponlearningthatnewschoolroomswithstrongerstructuresweretobebuiltintheearthquake-strickenarea.2.Wellbegun,halfdone,asthesayinggoes.Itisextremelyimportantforajobapplicanttodohishomeworkwhileseekingemployment.Frommystandpoint,whetherornotonehasdonehishomeworkclearlymakesadifferenceinhischanceofsuccess.Ihaveafriendwhoisearningsomewhereintheneighborhoodof100,000dollarsayearsinalargecomputersoftwarecompany.Hetoldmethatfromhisownexperiencethedecisionmakerswhointerviewprospectiveemployeeslikepeoplewhoarewellprepared.Thosewhomakenoendeavortolearnasmuchabouthisprospectiveemployeraspossibledon’thavemuchofachanceofsuccess.Unit4VocabularyI.1.advantageous;letalone;witnessing…vanishing;landmark;entitled;displace;Established;patriotic…strengthen;contradictions;aspires;divorced;pendulums2eto;dozedoff;belivedin;wassetapart;takein;sucksin;cleanup;turnaway3.1)makesno/littledifferencewhetherwegotherebytrainorbybus2)overtakenGeneralMotorsastheworld’sbiggestcarmaker3)atoddswithhiswifeovermoneymatters4)beenattheforefrontofnanotechnologyresearch5)letalonecookameal4.a)isincreasingly…toaccelerate…theirinvestmentb)economy…makeanearnest…domestic…strikeabalancebetweenc)ahandfulof…beendorsedby…onalargescaleII.WordFormationWTO世界贸易组织GDP国内生产总值自动出纳机增值税Computer-aideddesignInformationtechnology信息技术InternationaldirectdialingMusictelevision音乐电视InternationalOlympicCommitteeVeryimportmentperson贵宾，大人物激光CPUIII.Usage1)Anunusualpresent,abookonethics,wasgiventoHenryforhisbirthday.2)Thereason(hegave)thathedidn’tnoticethecartilltoolatewasunsatisfactory.3)Football,hisonlyinterestinlife,hasbroughthimmanyfriends.4)Cloninghadbeenraisedasapossibilitydecadesago,thendismissed,somethingthatseriousscientiststhoughtwassimplynotgoingtohappenanytimesoon.ComprehensiveExercisesClozeacademics…networking…avarityof…growthvanish…facilitate…endorsing…outlook…sweepingaside…patritic…erasing…strikeabalanceaided…effectsdistances…connected…invested…features…prevailingqualitatively…volume…DistinguishingTranslation1.1)DuetohispessimisticoutlookontheEuropeaneconomy,JohnhasmovedhisassetsfromEuropetoelsewhere.2)Ilikehiringyoungpeople.Theyareearnestlearnersandcommittedtowork.3)Unlikehergirlfriendswhocentertheirlivesontheirchildren,Marycaresmoreaboutherpersonalgrowth.4)Whyisitthataconsiderablenumberofcolleaguesareatoddswithyou?5)TheChinesegovernmenthasintroducedavarietyofpoliciestostrengthencooperationwithdevelopingcountries.2.GlobalizationhasgreatimplicationsforyoungChinese.Forexample,youngfarmersaremovingonalargescaletourbanareastolookforjobs.Andforthoseyoungpeoplewhoaspiretostudyabroadorworkinforeign-investedenterprises,Englishhasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Atthesametime,aconsiderablenumberofoverseasChinesestudentshavereturnedhomeinrecentyears,fortheyholdanoptimisticoutlookforthelong-termgrowthoftheChineseeconomy.TheInternethasstrengthenedthelinksbetweenChineseyoungpeopleandthoseelsewhere.Theyfollowthelatesttrendandcopyforeignfashions.Someofthemdon’tseemtocarefortraditionalChinesevirtues,letalonecarrythemforward,whichhasgivenrisetoworriesthatthetraditionalChineseculturemightonedayvanish.Unit5NeverjudgebyappearancesTextOrganizationl.PartParagraphsMainIdeasPartOneParas1-9OnThanksgivingDay1943,asayoungcoastguardsmanatsea,thewritercameupwiththeideaofexpressinghisgratitudetopeoplewhohadhelpedhimbefore.PartTwoParas10-16Thewriterwrotethreethank-youletterstohisfather,theRev.Nelsonandhisgrandmother.PartThreeParas17-23Thewritergotthreelettersinreply.PartFourParas24-26Thewriterwisheseveryonetofindthegoodandpraiseit.Languagesenseenhancement1.decades2.undergoing3.haddonewrong4.welcomereassurance5.appreciated6.broughtback7.relatives8.accomplish9.consume10.representingVocabularyI.1.1)sprinkled2)inturn3)reversed4)repay5)atsea6)traditional7)statement8)longedfor9)insecret10)unloaded11)weep12)underway2.1)stretchout2)makeout3)hopefor4)turns(it)over5)putaway6)bringsback7)gotto8)goabout3.1)Assuppliesoftraditionalfuelsdiminish,peopleareworkingtoincreasetheuseofsolarenergy.Weaccordhighprioritytomeetingthechallengesofeconomicandenvironmentaldevelopmentintheregion.Whileitistruethatchildrenoftodayareexposedtomoreinformationthanwerechildrenofthepast,itdoesnotfollowthattheyautomaticallybecomemoresophisticated.SincesheborrowedthosebooksfromthelibraryshehasbeenimmersedinBritishhistoryandculture.EverythingchangedinaflashonJune1,2000whenhelostbothlegsinaserioustrafficaccident.4.1)I'dliketoexpressmysincerethankstoeveryonewhohasbeensoconsiderateofmywell-being.Myheartisfilledwithgratitudethatwordscannotexpress.Aftereveryoneassembledontheplaygroundamidthenoiseandexcitementofthespectators,ourcoachagainimpressedonustheneedtodoourbestinquestofexcellence.EverythingIsawinmyhometownwasmarvelous.Icouldhardlybelievethatithadundergonesuchswiftchangesthroughcultivatingfruits,vegetables,flowersandtherestinthepastfewyears.II.Collocation1,fondof2.sickof3.thoughtfulof4.confidentof5.consciousof6.criticalof7.guiltyof8.ashamedof-III.UsageToknowwhatpeoplereallythink,payregardtowhattheydo,ratherthanwhattheysay.Itiscooperation,ratherthanconflict,thatwillenableyoutoachieveyoursuccess.Annmadestudentsthinkforthemselvesratherthantellingthemwhattothink.IthinkI'llstayathomethiseveningratherthango/goingout.Mostpeoplearecontenttoletperfectdayshappenatrandomratherthanplan/planningforthem.ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze(A)1)atsea2)Turningover3)reverse4)gotto5)repay6)gratitude7)assembled8)immersedin9)unloading10)swift(B)1)instead2)possessions3)richer4)breath5)cherish6)special7)specific8)shining9)miracles10)giftII.Translation1.1)Grandmatookitforgrantedthatfoodpriceswouldsoar,sosheboughtalotofrice.2)Icanquoteyouseveralinstancesofherdedicationtoscience.3)The1980ssawthestartoftheswiftdevelopmentofsomespecialeconomiczonesinChina.4)Tensionbetweenthetwocountriesstemmedinpartfromthelatestspyaffair.5)Peterhasworkedinalawfirmformanyyears.Youcanconsiderhavinghimasyourlawyertoactonyourbehalfwhenyouneedlegalhelp.2.AmidtheatmosphereofThanksgiving,ratherthanjoininghisfriendsincelebrationoftheholiday,Georgewasimmersedinthediarylefttohimbyhisfather,whodiedatseaafterhecompletedtwosuccessivetripsaroundtheworld.ThediarybroughtbackeverymomentGeorgehadspentwithhisfatherandmanyofthespecificthingshisfatherdidonhisbehalf.George'sfatherusedtoimpressonhimtheneedtoundergoallkindsofhardshipinquestofexcellence.Healsotaughthimthatnothingintheworldcouldbetakenforgranted.Eventoday,GeorgestillremembershowhisfatherwouldquoteAesop'sfamoussaying"Gratitudeisthesignofnoblesouls"andtellhimtoaccordthegreatestimportancetoit.Unit6ThePaceofLifeTextOrganization1PartOneParas.1-11Theauthorgivesthreereasonswhywefeelsotime-pressedtoday.PartTwoParas.12-18Noteveryoneistime-stressed,andinthecaseofAmericanstheyhaveactuallygainedmorefreetimeinthepastdecade.PartThreeParas.19-23Theperceptionoftimefaminehastriggeredavarietyofreactions.PartFourParas.24-28Theauthorpinsdownthecrux(症结)oftheproblemandputsforwardaremedyforthestresswefeel.TextOrganization22)Theaircraftcreatesahighdemandfortime-consumingjourneysthatweneverdreamedof.3)Thewashingmachine,contrarytoourexpectations,multipliesthehoursspentonwashingandironing.4)Insteadofmakingourliveseasier,technologygoessofarastocramextraworkintoourleisuretime.5)Technologyproducesthenewburdenofdealingwithfaxes,e-mailsandvoicemails.6)TechnologyeatsfurtherintoourtimebyforcingustohandlesoftwareglitchesoncomputersandfillingourheadswithuselessinformationfromtheInternet.Vocabulary11)appliances2)comparative3)multiply4)distribution5)prosperity6)decorate7)famine8)largequantitiesof/alargequantityof9)streamline10)fax11)pointedthewayto12)bewilderedVocabulary21)eatinto2)clingto3)standout/stoodout4)wearsaway5)setabout6)switchoff7)willbeturnedloose8)pouredinVocabulary3isforecasttobebelowaveragenextyear,whichatthemomentis4percent.toenterthebuildingandfindthebabygirlprovedfutileasrescuersweredrivenoutbytheheatandflames.wasurgedtodivertsomeofitsattentionfromexpandingproductionandgetmoreinvolvedwithissuesofmarketdemand.canreallyeatheavilyintoyourprofitswhenyouaresellingsuitsat￡900anddressesat￡2,000.hastoiledendlesslyovertheexercisemachineforthelasttwentyyearsinordertokeepherbodyinshape.Vocabulary4reactionto;discontent;provokedConvention;evadingtax;theconfinesofaburden;arealwaysonthego/seemforeveronthego;tocopeII.ConfusableWords1.1)nervousness2)tension3)stress;stress4)tension2.1)honorary2)Honorable3)honorable4)honorary5)honorable6)HonoraryIII.UsageDealingwiththeextinctioncrisisisnosimplematter.Isitsensible,wemayask,tospendlargesumsofmoneytosavesomespecies–beitanelephantoranorchid–inanationinwhichalargeproportionofthepopulationislivingbelowthepovertyline?Thisnewtechnologycouldbeusedanywherelargenumbersofpeopleneedtobequicklyscreened---atairports,trainstations,busterminalsorbordercrossings.However,expertssuspect,thereisalsotheriskthatpeoplewilllearntofoolthemachinethesamewaytheytrytofoolpolygraphreadingsbycontrollingtheirbreathortakingdrugstorelaxthemselves.Withahighpercentageofmarriagesendingindivorce,oftenduetofinancialdifficulties,youwouldsaythatmoneyisabigfactorinmakingagoodmarriage.But,believeitornot,itisn’tmoneythatensuresyouahappymarriage;itisyourphilosophyoflifethatdoes.NotalltherisksontheInternetaresexual,youknow.Sitespromotingviolencearejustaclickaway,andmayincludeinstructionsformakingbombsandotherdestructivedevices.Cloze(Text-related)1)switchoff2)obliged3)onthego4)cope5)shortage6)largequantityof7)pouringin8)bynature9)fraction10)futileCloze(Theme-related)advantage2)wisely3)faithfully4)wakingincludes6)schedule7)sticking8)priorities9)set10)respectTranslationTheyareexploringthenewfrontiersofmedicalscienceinanattempttofindremediesforincurablediseases/curesfordiseasesthatarebeyondremedysofar.Heruniqueteachingmethodsapart,MsWilson,mymathteacher,nevertriedtocramknowledgeintomyhead.TheregularweatherforecastbytheCentralTVStationkeepsusupwiththechangesofweatherwhereverwegoonatrip.Theappallingexplosionstartedabigfireandcausedthepartialcollapseofthebuilding.Inthemodernworld,therearemorewaysthanevertowasteawaytime,andallkindsofdistractionsareeatingintoourprecioustime.2.Todayweareunderconstantpressuretoworklongerhours,toproducemore,andtopossessmore.Lotsofpeopleholdthewrongperceptionthathappinessliesinworkinghardandearningwell/goodmoney.Manywomentodayfeelthesamestresstoworkandgetaheadand,atthesametime,tonurturetheiroffspringandshouldertheburdenofdomesticresponsibilities.Researchshowsthatworkaholismtendstodistanceusfromourimmediatefamilies.Itforcesustotoillongerandlongerhours,leavingaminutefractionofourtimetobephysicallyandemotionallyavailabletoourlovedones.Intimacyamongfamilymembersisdoomedtodieintheprocess.Unit7VocabularyI.11)divined2)nerves3)solidarity4)sacred,mourn5)coated6)perish7)hijack8)grief9)farewell10)takerevengeon11)revolves,revolves12)denounced2drop…off2)appliedfor3)wentoff4)aregainingon5)bringdown6)blottedoutthinkbackon8)picking…at3broughtdowntheAmericanhousingmarketin2021whatwillhappenafterhissonstepsintoshoesnotinthemoodtogooutlongbeforethemarketbegantoshowsignsofweaknessmournthelossofthetranquillifewehadinthecountryside4intheaftermathof,toblotout,thetragicarmed,atdusk,accomplices,explosive3)inthespaceof,noillusionIIalittleof2.afew,mostof/manyof3.much4.few5.many6.manyof7.muchof8.little9.fewof10.someIII.AstheboygrewolderShesingsasbeautifullyasanightingale/singslikeanightingaletheydon’tsee