Unit8 Firstaid

新高二Unit8 New words: 1.1)aid & help 相同点: a)aid –vt. to give support to; 援助；帮助 =help to aid/help sb with sth.(money) b)aid—n. help; support; assistance帮助，援助 come / go to one’s help/ aid = come/ go to the help/ aid of He went to the aid of the hurt man. with the aid/help of 不同点： a)必须用aid first aid 急救 hearing aid 助听器 b)必须用help help sb.(out) My father helped me out with money when I needed it. help sb. (to) do sth. Could you help me（to）lift the box? *can’t help doing 情不自 *can’t help/ choose but do 不得不 I couldn’t help crying. I cannot help but admire his courage. We cannot choose but wait. *help oneself (to)=take for oneself (to) 取用；窃用；侵吞 L1.“Can I have a drink?” “Help yourself.” L2.The money was on the table and no one was there, so he helped himself to it. L3.Help yourself to a drink. 改错： 1）The dictionary will help you improving your English. 2) I can’t help but laughing. 3) I can’t help laugh. 4) Under the help of the neighbors the fire was at last brought under control. 5) Please help you to eat some fish. 2)assist vt.=help 帮助；支援 (比help 正式 more formal than help) it is suggests that the person being assisted is also doing part of the work.表示受帮助的人也做一部分工作，帮助者主要是起辅助作用。 assist sb in doing sth assist sb with sth I can’t push the car on my own—will someone help / assist (fml) help me? If someone is in difficulties, you help (not assist) them.如果有人陷于困境，你去help而不用 assist 他们。 His job consists of helping old people who lives alone. He helped/ assisted her in building the house. 3)give/ lend sb. a hand 帮助；帮忙 Tom , could you please lend me a hand? 4)do one’s bit 尽本分；做自己应做的工作 I’ll do my bit to protect animals. 5)do sth. for 帮忙做 Could you please do the washing up for me? I’m too busy. 6)do sb a favor 帮某人一个忙 Could you please do me a favor? 2.drown—vi 溺死 vt.使淹死；淹没 die by drowning be drowned by 被。。。淹没 There are many streets and houses drowned by the floods. 3.bleed/bled/ bleeding—v. 1)vi. to lose blood 流血；出血 Your nose is bleeding. My heart bleeds for(=I feel very sorry for) those poor unhappy children.. (比喻)对那些不幸的穷孩子我心里感到难过。 2）vt. to make (sb.) to pay too much money 榨取某人的钱财；敲某人的竹杠： He bled them for every penny they had. 4.choke –vi. 1)struggle to breathe or (cause to) stop breathing 窒息；使停止呼吸 Water went down his throat and he started to choke.水进入喉咙，他开始噎住了。 I choked him to death.我把他扼死了。 2）fill（a pace or passage） completely 阻塞(同 up; with连用) The roads were choked up with traffic.路上交通阻塞。 The pipe was choked with leaves.管子被树叶堵住了。 5.ink—n.[u] colored liquid for writing write in ink write with a pencil / in pencil/ in English 6.electrical—concerned with or using electricity an electrical engineer 电机工程师 an electrical fault 电力故障 electric – producing or worked by electricity 发电的；电的；电动的 an electric clock/light / an electric fan / electric power 电力 electrify /electrified /electrifying –v.使带电 electricity -n. [u] 7.calm—adj. n. 1)free from excitement; quiet; untroubled 镇定的；无忧无虑 Even after the accident she was calm. 2)(of weather) not windy 平静无风 (of water) not rough;; smooth（水）静的；无风浪的： After the storm it was calm.风雨过后，天气平静。 The sea was calm. 海上风平浪静。 calm—v. to make calm （使）平静下来；（使）沉着： She calmed her child by giving it some milk. calm down –become or make calm变平静 The excited girl quickly calmed down. It is difficult to calm my brother down. 8.panic--sudden uncontrollable fear or terror恐慌，惊慌 There was a panic when the fire started. 火烧起来的时候曾引起一片惊慌。 panic/ panicked/panicked—vt.vi feel panic 使感到恐慌(at) The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns. The thunder panicked the house. 9.1)response n. 回答，答复 answer reply make/ give no response/answer/reply (to one’s question) He made/gave no response to/answer to/reply to my question. I said good morning to him but he gave/made no answer. have no answer/reply/response to… I’ve had no answer/reply/response to my letter. 我还没有收到对我那封信的答复。 in response/reply (to)回答，响应，作为反应 She laughed in response/reply to his jokes.他的笑话引得他大笑。 He neither said nor did anything in reply/response. in answer to 作为回答，听（接）到。。。后就。。。，响应 In answer to my shouts people ran to help.人们听到我的喊声后跑来帮忙。 2)v. respond to/reply to/ answer sth. Would you respond to / reply to/answer my question? They still haven’t responded to/reply to/ answer my letter. I spoke, but he didn’t answer/ reply/ respond. 10.conscious –adj. 1)神志清醒的，有意识的，有知觉的unable to think，feel, awake He hurt his head in the accident, but he is still conscious. 2)(of/that)knowing; understanding自己知道的；自己察觉的 be conscious of He was very conscious of his shortcoming. Peter isn’t conscious of his bad manners. Are you conscious of what the other students thought of her. be conscious that Jane is always been conscious that she annoys people. 琼总是很清楚她使人不快。 He was conscious he must do all this. 3)intentional 故意的 a conscious decision to do something 故意要做某事的决定 11.slight---adj. 1)not great; not considerable 微小的；不足道的 a slight pain/ improvement 2)not strong looking; thin 脆弱的，纤细的 a slight old lady 3)in the slightest =not at all =not a bit =not in the least 一点也不 ---Do you mind if I open the door? ---Not in the least. not a little =very 12.sudden –adj. 突然 all of a sudden suddenly all at once 立刻 at once/immediately/right away/without delay 13.honor---n. 1)in honor of=to show respect to为向。。。表敬意，为庆祝。。。；为纪念= in memory of They held a party in honor of the visiting president. 为向来访的总统表示敬意他们举行了欢迎宴会。 They named the city Washington in honor of the first president. 2)one to be respect by the others荣誉；光荣[u] a man of honor 光荣的人 fight for the honor of one’s country 3)something that brings pride or pleasure被引以为荣的人和事（同a/an连用） It is an honor/a shame to do sth. It’s a great honor to have the President visiting our town.总统访问我们的城市是我们十分荣幸的事。 He is an honor/ a shame of his family. 14.explanation --.explaining[c; u] give an explanation of He is giving an explanation of how the machine works. explain sth. to sb. Can you explain this to us? explain to sb. that/why/ how He explained to me how the machine worked. Text: 1.Make sure that the electric wires are safe and that children can’t reach them make sure –find out whether sth is definitely so,弄清楚，核实或查明谋事物 make sure of sth / doing sth You’d better make sure of the time and place. Can you make sure of success? make sure that I think the gas is turned off, but I’d better go and make sure of it. Before you leave the lab, make sure that the door is locked. 2.reach—v. 1)reach out (one’s hand) for sth =stretch out one’s hand伸手去够 reach out ( to sb/ sth ) 向。。。伸出手 He reached his hand out for the book I offered him. He reached for his gun. We must reach out to those in need. 我们应该伸出援助之手 帮助有困难的人。 2)go as far as(sb/sth/ a place);get to; or arrive at到达（某处）；传到（某人）手中/耳朵里 The rescuers reached him just in time. The news only reached me yesterday. 3)achieve; attain 达成，（某事物）；达到；获得 reach a speed of 500 mph reach a conclusion, decision… You’ll know better when you reach my age. 4)延伸 vi. The woods reach as far as the river. n. beyond/out of/within (one’s) reach 手不能及/伸手可及 The self is so high it is well out of/ beyond my reach. 3.catch fire 着火 sth. catch fire （动作） be on fire (状态) a fire break out (动作) 放火 sb. set fire to set sth. on fire have sth. on fire 熄火 sb. put out a fire （动作） (a fire) be out （状态） go out (动作) 生火 make a fire build start 点火 light a fire / a candle / match / cigarette 开火 open fire fire v. 1) fire a gun fire at the animal 2) 解雇 be fired/ be dismissed 4.upside down颠倒着；倒转着 Please put your paper upside down. inside out He wore his soaks inside out. 5.count –v. 1)say the m\numbers one by one数（数目） He counted the books and found there were 50. Let’s count the votes. 2)include 包括；算在内 There are six people in my family, counting my parents. Let’s not count that game. 3)have value, importance 有价值；起作用；重要 Every minute counts. It is not how much you read but what you read that counts. 重要的不是你读了多少，而是你读的是什么。 4)consider; regard 认为；看作 On the whole she counted herself a fortunate woman. Shelley counted this experience a part of his education. 6.keep/bear in mind 记住；不忘记 remember牢记；不忘 memorize记住；记在心中 learn/ know by heart Please bear/keep in mind the instruction I’ve given you. 7.life—n. 1)生活 a)[u](泛指一般生活) She cared but little social life. Which do you prefer, town life or country life? way of life How do you find life in a big city? b)[c](表某种方式的生活) I know that he lives a very hard life. They have very busy lives. 2)生命；性命 a)[u](泛指) How did life begin? Is there any life on the planet Mars? Life depends on air, food and water. b)[c] Many people lost their lives. They gave their lives for the country. 3)一生[c] give one’s life to devote one’s life to He gave his life to the study of language. Some people spend their lives in idleness. *all one’s life 一生，一辈子 All my life I have tried to be an honest man. *between life and death生命垂危；生命处于危险之中 The little sick girl lay all night between life and death until her fever was gone. *bring to life 使苏醒；使复苏 They brought the swimmer back to life. *come to life 苏醒过来；恢复生气 Everybody thought he was drowned but he came back to life. *save one’s life *lose one’s life 8.recommend vt. 1)推荐；赞扬 （praise）： recommend sth./sb. recommend sb. sth. recommend sb for / as Which restaurant do you recommend? Perhaps you can recommend me another hotel. They recommended her for the job./as a good lawyer.他们推荐她做这件工作。/赞扬她是个好律师。 2)suggest; advise 建议 recommend doing sb to do that （should ） do I recommend buying this dictionary. you to buy this dictionary. that you should buy the dictionary. I recommend you to follow your doctor’s advice. He recommended (my) buying new types. I recommend that everyone should buy the dictionary. 3)make sb/sth attractive (指性质)使诱人，使有吸引力 *recommend sb/sth to 向。。。推荐，使。。。得到好感 Your plan has little to recommend it. This hotel has nothing to recommended it (to travelers) except that it’s cheap. 这家旅馆除了便宜以外没有什么长处能吸引人（游客）的。 9.1）first of all—as the first thing 首先；第一 first, firstly First of all let me thank you for your present. 首先让我感谢你的礼物。 First of all let me say a few words about our plan. There are two reasons. Firstly I have no evidence whatever that the original document has been destroyed. 理由有二，首先，我没有证据证明那份原始文件是否已被消除。 2) above all—most important of all首先；最重要的 Never waste anything, but above all never waste time. He does well in all his subjects, but, above all, in mathematics. I want to buy a modern, beautiful house, above all in a quiet place. But above all tell me quickly what I have to do. 3)to start with/to begin with 首先 We can’t go, to begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we are busy. 我们不能去。第一，天太冷；另外，我们正忙着。 4）at first—at the beginning 开始（通常是指某事发生刚开始的情况，但后来却发生了变化，甚至相反。 At first we didn’t like him but now we do. 5)after all 6)at all 7)in all 10.scenery, view, scene, sight 1)scenery指景色的总称,尤指郊野的自然景色,乡村的景色,若从美的观点来看就叫scenery. the beautiful of the Great Lakes美国五大湖的漂亮的景色[u] The driver stopped now and again so that we could enjoy the scenery.司机一再把车子停下来,让我们饱览沿途的风景. 2)view --is the part of scenery that can be seen from one place. view是scenery的一部分,也就是从某个地方所能看得到的景色. There’s a fine view of the mountains from our hotel window.从旅馆的窗子往外看,我们能看到山峦的美景. 3)scene –can mean the same as view, but a scene is more likely to include people and movement, scene在意思上可和view一样但scene (场面)大都包括人和动作在内 a happy scene of children playing in the garden . The boats in the harbor make a beautiful scene. 港湾里的轮船构成了一幅美丽的景象. 4)sight –景象,景物,风景,名胜 the familiar sight of the mailman going along the street. 邮递员沿着大街走的常见景象. We’ll take you to see the sights when you’re in New York. 你到纽约后我们带你去看名胜. 11. on the way a)(状语)在去。。。的路上 on the way home/ back/ from work/ to school b)(表语)正在走向： He is well on his way to becoming an officer of the company. He is on the way to success. c)(表语)即将运到；即将到来 The new machine you ordered is on its way. Christmas is on the way; we are in November already. Better weather is on the way. 同：be upon sb. 逼近，临近 The water is upon us. The Christmas holiday is upon us. Almost at once, the winter was upon them. *all the way 全程，一直 ask the way 问路 by the way 顺便说 by the way of 取道，经由 have a long way to go 还要走很远的路，还要作很大的努力 in a (one)way 在某种程度上，就某个意义来说 in no way 怎样也不；一点也不 in one’s way=in the way of 碍事，妨碍 in that/ this way 这样 in…way 以。。。方式 lose one’s way迷路 make one’s way 到某地，（向某地）走去 way of life 生活方式 12.unless, until 1)You will succeed in the end ___ you up half way. A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless 2) ---Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? ---Yes. He had never praised him ___ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when 3) Don’t be afraid of asking for help ___ it is needed. A. unless B. since C. although D. when 4) 13..make things worse *make matters worse 使情况更糟 I realized that anything I could say would only make matters worse. *to make matters worse 更糟糕的是 To make matters worse, he had no money and no job. *worse still更糟糕的是 He may be late. Worse still, he may not come at all.. 14.give / do first aid 15.common; usual; ordinary; normal 1)common:普通的；常见的。强调经常发生，司空见惯，不显赫或不特别，可修饰人或物。也可指共同的，共存的。 He wasn’t a hero, just a common man. Train accidents are far too common. The two have nothing in common. Smith is a common name in Britain. Giving small children some money as a gift during the Spring Festival is a common ___ in China, which may seem strange to foreigners. A. sense B. practice C. custom D. habit 2)usual—通常的；惯常的；惯例的。强调依照某人的常例来判断，有“遵守常规”之意。 He made the usual mistakes which all beginners make. He wore his usual blue uniform. That morning he came earlier than usual. 3)ordinary—普通的；平常的；平凡的。强调等级和类属方面或者普通。指人时，该词指既不显赫也不低贱；指物时指品质或质地一般水平。有“平庸无奇”之意。 His abilities were hardly above the ordinary.他的能力平常。（并不出色） He wore an ordinary uniform. (强调不是礼服或并不华丽的衣服) It was an ordinary lunch of soup and a sandwich. 4)normal:正常的；合乎标准的；强调在正常情况下应有的。。。 This heavy traffic is normal for this time of day. 37℃ is the normal temperature of the human body . normal school 16.situation; condition; state; position; 1)situation— a)a position or condition at the moment; state of affairs处境，形势，局面，情况[c] in a … situation 处于。。。处境 I’m in a difficult situation. 我目前处境困难。 the international situation / the economic situation / the political situation / financial situation b)位置[c] Describe the situation of your school. c)a job She found a situation. There are the “Situations Wanted” advertisements in the newspaper. 2)condition—n. a)状况，状态[u]可与a/an 连用 the condition of….的状态 The astronauts soon got use to the condition of weightlessness. 宇航员很快就习惯于失重状态了。 You can’t travel in that condition. His clothes is in a shabby condition./state. b)the state of general health 健康状况；适用状况[u] in condition 身体很好 out of condition 身体不好 in good condition 完好无损 He is out of condition. The car is in good condition. Her condition is improving. (= She is getting well.) c)条件[c] （生活工作，气候等条件） weather conditions working conditions living conditions under …conditions I want to go on with my work under proper conditions. on condition that =if I’ll come on condition that (=if) John is invited too. 3)state a)状态，情况，状况[c] =condition in a … state 处于。。。状况 His business is in a good state. The state of the clothes indicated too clearly that he had been playing foot ball. a state of mind 心情 She could not understand John’s state of mind. b)国家 4）position – a)状况，状态[c] （通常用单数）=condition, state in a … condition By telling her that , you’ve put me in a very difficult position. b)位置；方位 We can find our position by looking at this map. PAGE 爱学啦高中学习网 www.ixuela.com 海量资源等你下载