IV型超敏反应
解说词译文:
Harmful effects produced by the mechanisms of cell-mediated immunity are referred to as delayed hypersensitivity.
由细胞免疫途径造成的有害作用被称为迟发型超敏反应。
Delayed hypersensitivity is mediated by Th1 cells, also called TD cells, and is responsible for contact dermatitis, tissue damage in a variety of infectious disease, and rejection of tissue grafts.
迟发型超敏反应由Th1细胞介导，也被称为TD细胞，引起接触性皮炎，传染性疾病中的组织
损伤和移植排斥反应。
A contact hypersensitivity such as poison oak dermatitis is initiated be contact with the antigen, which is also called the allergen.
接触性皮炎，如毒漆藤皮炎，是从接触抗原开始的，就是那个也被叫做变应原的东西。
During contact, a small molecule from the plant, called a hapten, binds to carrier protein in the host.
接触中，被叫做半抗原的，来自植物的一种小分子，与宿主的载体蛋白结合。
The carrier protein with bound hapten is ingested by a macrophage and the hapten-peptide is then presented on the surface of the macrophage on a Class II MHC.
与半抗原结合的载体蛋白被巨噬细胞吞噬，然后半抗原肽由MHC II类分子提呈于巨噬细胞的
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面。
Th1 cells with T-cell receptors capable of recognizing the hapten-peptide antigen interact with the presented antigen, become activated and increase in numbers.
能够以TCR识别半抗原-肽抗原的Th1细胞与被提呈抗原相互作用，开始活化和增殖。
When the host comes in contact with the allergen a second time, the Th1 cells react with the hapten-peptide being presented on the macrophage and release cytokines resulting in attraction of more macrophages, followed by inflammation and skin lesions.
当宿主第二次与变应原接触时，Th1细胞与巨噬细胞提呈的半抗原肽反应，释放细胞因子，
引起巨噬细胞趋化，接着是炎症和皮肤损伤。
Characteristic skin lesions appear after 24 hours, reaching their peak at 48-72 hours
after this second exposure to the plant.
典型的皮肤损伤出现在再次接触那种植物24小时后，48-72小时后达高峰。
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