周恩来

null 敬爱的周总理 敬爱的周总理null 在波澜壮阔的中国历史长河中，在富饶广阔的神州大地上，数千年来，曾经涌现出了一批批叱咤风云、扭转乾坤的英雄豪杰。他们如夜空中的群星，交相辉映，璀璨夺目。岁月的流逝，冲刷不掉他们的英名；朝代的兴废，也改变不了他们不朽的功绩。他们是我们民族的精英、祖国的脊梁。其中共和国最优秀的总理周恩来是最灿烂耀眼的星辰之一，不管历史如何变迁，这都是毫无疑问的。 前 言null 毛泽东的第一军事助手周恩来nullZhou Enlai, the son of wealthy parents, was born in Jiangsu, China, in 1898. He was educated in a missionary college in Tianjin before studying at a university in Japan. He moved to France in 1920 where he helped to form the overseas branch of the Chinese Communist Party. He also lived in Britain and Germany before returning to China in 1924. 陆军军官学校陆军军官学校nullAs members of the Communist Party Mao Zedong, Zhu De and Zhou Enlai adapted the ideas of Lenin who had successfully achieved a revolution in Russia in 1917. They argued that in Asia it was important to concentrate on the countryside rather than the towns, in order to create a revolutionary elite. 红军时期的周恩来 红军时期的周恩来 nullZhou Enlai also worked closely with the Kuomintang and was appointed deputy director of the political department of the Whampoa Military Academy. With the help of advisers from the Soviet Union the Kuomintang gradually increased its power in China. Its leader, Sun Yat-sen died on 12th March 1925. Chiang Kai-Shek emerged as the most important figure in the organization. 1937年周恩来在武汉1937年周恩来在武汉nullHe now carried out a purge that eliminated the communists from the organization. Those communists who survived managed to established the Jiangxi Soviet. The nationalists now imposed a blockade and Mao Zedong decided to evacuate the area and establish a new stronghold in the north-west of China. nullnullIn October 1934 Mao, Zhou Enlai, Lin Biao, Zhu De, and some 100,000 men and their dependents headed west through mountainous areas. The marchers experienced terrible hardships. The most notable passages included the crossing of the suspension bridge over a deep gorge at Luting (May, 1935), travelling over the Tahsueh Shan mountains (August, 1935) and the swampland of Sikang (September, 1935). nullnullThe marchers covered about fifty miles a day and reached Shensi on 20th October 1935. It is estimated that only around 30,000 survived the 8,000-mile Long March. When the Japanese Army invaded the heartland of China in 1937, Chiang Kai-Shek was forced to move his capital from Nanking to Chungking. He lost control of the coastal regions and most of the major cities to Japan. 1946年、和国际友人在一起 1946年、和国际友人在一起nullIn an effort to beat the Japanese he agreed to collaborate with Mao Zedong and his communist army. During the Second World War the communist guerrilla forces were well led by Zhu De and Lin Biao. As soon as the Japanese surrendered, Communist forces began a war against the Nationalists led by Chaing Kai-Shek. 周恩来在《中苏友好同盟互助条约》等条约与协定签字仪式上周恩来在《中苏友好同盟互助条约》等条约与协定签字仪式上nullThe communists gradually gained control of the country and on 1st October, 1949, Mao Zedong announced the establishment of People's Republic of China. Zhou Enlai became prime minister and foreign minister. In 1954 he headed the Chinese delegation to the Geneva Conference. The following year he advocated Third World unity at the Bandung Conference. 中国的总管家周恩来 中国的总管家周恩来nullAs a result of the failure on the Great Leap Forward, Mao retired from the post of chairman of the People's Republic of China. His place as head of state was taken by Liu Shaoqi. Mao remained important in determining overall policy. In the early 1960s Mao became highly critical of the foreign policy of the Soviet Union. 和毛泽东在一起和毛泽东在一起nullHe was for example appalled by the way Nikita Khrushchev backed down over the Cuban Missile Crisis. Mao Zedong became openly involved in politics in 1966 when with Lin Biao he initiated the Cultural Revolution. On 3rd September, 1966, Lin Biao made a speech where he urged pupils in schools and colleges to criticize those party officials who had been influenced by the ideas of Nikita Khrushchev. nullnullMao was concerned by those party leaders such as Liu Shaoqi, who favoured the introduction of piecework, greater wage differentials and measures that sought to undermine collective farms and factories. In an attempt to dislodge those in power who favoured the Soviet model of communism, Mao galvanized students and young workers as his Red Guards to attack revisionists in the party. null周恩来与邓颖超周恩来与邓颖超nullMao told them the revolution was in danger and that they must do all they could to stop the emergence of a privileged class in China. He argued this is what had happened in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin and Nikita Khrushchev. Zhou Enlai at first gave his support to the campaign but became concerned when fighting broke out between the Red Guards and the revisionists. nullnullIn order to achieve peace at the end of 1966 he called for an end to these attacks on party officials. Mao remained in control of the Cultural Revolution and with the support of the army was able to oust the revisionists. null 第一次亮相国际舞台，周恩来所带来的绝对是超乎想象的精彩 1954年日内瓦会议上的周恩来nullAlthough he continued to be attacked by the Red Guards Zhou Enlai survived in power and was the main architect of the Détente policy with the United States and met Richard Nixon in China in February 1972. Zhou Enlai died in Beijing on 8th January 1976. 睡眠最少的领袖睡眠最少的领袖nullWhen I was a little boy,when I heard much about the things of prime minister zhou,half of me felt surprised ,and half of me felt proud. This is such a person who nearly owned all the great characters of our people of China. I can’t describe my feeling that how did he develop like that in that difficult time.nullOr I can only explain that there are reasons when things happened. And no matter how great the contribution he made to make our people independent,and our country strong and flourishing , and our people live freedom and happy and satisfactory,the most important things we should and can get from him is his inspirit fortune. nullWe can get the things that make us get along with others than before ,do things more studious(勤奋的)，and understand the meaning of our life deeply from every thing about him. And light around our loving premier zhou.null 周恩来的外交智慧 周恩来的外交智慧1972年2月周恩来在北京机场，欢迎美国总统尼克松访华1972年2月周恩来在北京机场，欢迎美国总统尼克松访华总理站在那里象青松一样，尼克松飞奔过来和他握手 null乒乓外交null1972年9月周恩来同日本内阁总理大臣田中角荣会谈1972年9月周恩来同日本内阁总理大臣田中角荣会谈 中日邦交 中日邦交 重义守信的谦谦君子 重义守信的谦谦君子一身正气两袖清风一身正气两袖清风 人民永远怀念您---周恩来 人民永远怀念您---周恩来 周恩来纪念馆 周恩来纪念馆 null null 最完美的组合 最完美的组合null