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精编提纲式作文1.对立观点式A.有人认为X是好事,赞成X,为什么?B.有人认为X是坏事,反对X,为什么?C.我的看法。SomepeopleareinfavoroftheideaofdoingX.Theypointoutthefactthat支持X的第一个原因。Theyalsoarguethat支持X的另一个原因。However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.TheyconsideritharmfultodoX.Theyfirmlypointoutthat反对X的第一个理由。Anexamplecangivethedetailsofthisargument:一个例子。Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinktheadvantagesofXoverweighthedisadvantages.Inadditiontotheabove-mentionednegativeeffectsitmightbringabout,XalsomayX的有一个害处。2.批驳观点式A.一个错误观点。B.我不同意。Manypeoplearguethat错误观点。Bysayingthat,theymean对这个观点的进一步解释。Anexampletheyhavepresentedisthat一个例子。〔AccordingtoasurveyperformedbyXonagroupofY,almost80%ofthem赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响〕。Theremightbesomeelementoftruthinthesepeople’sbelief.Butifweconsideritindepth,wewillfeelnoreservationtoconcludethat与错误观点相反的观点。Thereareanumberofreasonsbehindmybelief.(以下参照辩
论文
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的议论文写法)。3.社会问
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〔现象〕式A.一个社会问题或者现象。B.产生的原因C.对社会和我们生活的影响D.如何杜绝。〔如果是问题的话〕E.前景的预测。Nowadays,thereexistsanincreasinglyserioussocial/economic/environmentalproblem.(Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic).Accordingtoasurvey,调查内容
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这种现象的情况。〔或者是一个例子〕。Thereareacoupleofreasonsboomingthisproblem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。Xhascausedsubstantialimpactonthesocietyandourdailylife,whichhasbeenarticulated〔表达〕inthefollowingaspects.参照辩论式议论文的写法。AdozenofmeasuresaresupposedtotaketopreventXfrombringingusmoreharm.参照辩论式议论文的写法。Basedontheabovediscussions,Icaneasilyforecastthatmoreandmorepeoplewill……..写作模板——图表式作文Itisobviousinthegraph/tablethattherate/number/amountofYhasundergonedramaticchanges.Ithasgoneup/grown/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears(asXvaries).Atthepointof〔接近〕X1,Yreachesitspeakvalueof…(多少).Whatisthereasonforthischange?Mainlythereare…(多少)reasonsbehindthesituationreflectedinthegraphic/table.Firstofall,…(第一个原因).Moreimportantly,…(第二个原因).Mostimportantofall,…(第三个原因).Fromtheabovediscussions,wehaveenoughreasontopredictwhatwillhappeninthenearfuture.Thetrenddescribedinthegraph/tablewillcontinueforquitealongtime(ifnecessarymeasuresarenottaken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).写作模板——辩论式议论文模版1Somepeoplebelieve(argue,recognize,think)that观点1.Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat观点2.Asforme,Iagreetotheformer/latteridea.Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,论据1.Moreimportantly,论据2.Mostimportantofall,论据3.Insummary,
总结
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观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.模版2PeopleholddifferentviewsaboutX.Somepeopleareoftheopinionthat观点1,whileotherspointoutthat观点2.AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latteropinionholdsmoreweight.Foronething,论据1.Foranother,论据2.Lastbutnottheleast,论据3.Toconclude,总结观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.模版3Thereisnoconsensus[kən'sensəs]一致ofopinionsamongpeopleaboutX〔争论的焦点〕。Somepeopleareoftheviewthat观点1,whileotherstakeanoppositeside,firmlybelievingthat观点2。AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latternotion〔观念〕ispreferableinmanysenses.Thereasonsareobvious.Firstofall,论据1。Furthermore,论据2。Amongallofthesupportingevidences,oneisthestrongest.Thatis,论据3。Anaturalconclusionfromtheabovediscussionisthat总结观点。Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测常用句型:1. 表示原因1〕Therearethreereasonsforthis. 2〕Thereasonsforthisareasfollows. 3〕Thereasonforthisisobvious. 4〕Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek. 5〕Thereasonforthisisthat... 6〕Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat... 例:Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife.Firstly,people’slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved.Secondly,mostpeoplearewellpaid,andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike.Lastbutnotleast,moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife.注:如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子。如:Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourlife.Therearethreereasonsforthis.这样写可以防止套用中的表达失误。 2.表示好处 1〕Ithasthefollowingadvantages. 2〕Itdoesusalotofgood. 3〕Itbenefitsusquitealot. 4〕Itisbeneficialtous. 5〕Itisofgreatbenefittous. 例:Booksarelikefriends.Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter,andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons.Therefore,readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous. 3.表示害处 1〕Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages. 2〕Itdoesusmuchharm. 3〕Itisharmfultous. 例:However,everythingdivides〔导致〕manychangesineducation. 例:Somechangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears.Themajorreasonsforthesechangesarenotfartoseek.Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleareswitchingfromgraintomeatforprotein,andfromfruitandvegetabletomilkforvitamins. 7.表示事实、现状 1〕Wecannotignorethefactthat... 2〕Noonecandenythefactthat... 3〕Thereisnodenyingthefactthat...4〕Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin. 5〕However,that’snotthecase. 例:Wecannotignorethefactthatindustrializationbringswithittheproblemsofpollution.Tosolvetheseproblems,wecanstartbyeducatingthepublicaboutthehazards〔危害〕ofpollution.Thegovernmentonitspartshouldalsodesignstricterlawstopromoteacleanerenvironment. 8.表示比拟 1〕ComparedwithA,B... 2〕IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV. 3〕Thereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthem. 例:Comparedwithcars,bicycleshaveseveraladvantagesbesidesbeingaffordable.Firstly,theydonotconsumenaturalresourcesofpetrol〔石油〕.Secondly,theydonotcausethepollutionproblem.Lastbutnotleast,theycontributetopeople’shealthbygivingthemduephysicalexercise. 9.表示数量 1〕Ithasincreased〔decreased〕from...to... 2〕Thepopulationinthiscityhasnowincreased〔decreased〕to800,000. 3〕TheoutputofJulyinthisfactoryincreasedby15%comparedwiththatofJanuary. 例:Withtheimprovementofthelivingstandard,theproportion〔比例〕ofpeople’sincomespentonfoodhasdecreasedwhilethatspentoneducationhasincreased. 再如:Fromthegraphlistedabove,itcanbeseenthatstudentuseofcomputershasincreasedfromanaverageoflessthantwohoursperweekin1990to20hoursin2000. 注:“Fromthegraphlistedabove,itcanbeseenthat〞见句式12。考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起,便可较好地写出2002年6月CET-4、6短文写作的第一段。 10.表示看法 1〕Peoplehave〔take,adopt,assume〕differentattitudestowardssth. 2〕Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem. 3〕Peopletakedifferentviewsof〔on〕thequestion. 4〕Somepeoplebelievethat...Othersarguethat... 例:Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsfailure.Somebelievethatfailureleadstosuccess. Everyfailuretheyexperiencetranslatesintoagreaterchanceofsuccessattheirrenewedendeavor.However,othersareeasilydiscouragedbyfailuresandputthemselvesintothecategory〔种类〕oflosers. 再如:Doluckynumbersreallybringgoodluck?Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonit. 注:一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始,考生应掌握这一写作方法。 11.表示结论 1〕Inshort,itcanbesaidthat... 2〕Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows. 3〕Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthat... 例:Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthatexaminationisnecessary,however,itsmethodshouldbeimproved. 注:例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句;例句3那么多用文章结论段的第一句。 12.套语 1〕It’swellknowntousthat... 2〕Asisknowntous,... 3〕Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedabout. 4〕Fromthegraph〔table,chart〕listedabove,itcanbeseenthat... 5〕Asaproverb〔谚语〕says,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.例如:Asiswellknowntous,itisimportantforthestudentstoknowtheworldoutsidecampus. Thereasonforthisisobvious.Nowadays,thesocietyischanginganddevelopingrapidly,andthecampusisnolongeran“ivorytower.Ascollegestudents,wemustgetintouchwiththeworldoutsidethecampus.Onlyinthiswaycanweadaptourselvestothesocietyquicklyafterwegraduate. 再如:Doesitpaytobehonest?Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedaboutanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonit.