中考英语时态总结

中考英语时态总结Anny时　　　态一、定义：在英语中，发生的　　　　　　　动作要用不同的动词形式来 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 　　　　　示，这每一种不同的形式就叫做时态。不同时间动词的5种形式V-ingV-原V-三单V-edV-pp.V-动词不定式现在进行时be(am/is/are)+doing过去进行时be(was/were)+doing一般现在时S+be(am/is/are)+其他S+V/Ves+其他一般过去时S+be(was/were)+其他S+Ved+其他现在完成时have/has+done一般将来时s+be(am/is/are)+goingto过去将来时s+be(was/were)+goingto过去完成时had+done二、时态的种类：初中常见的8种时态一般现在时　　一般过去时现在进行时　　过去进行时　　　　现在完成时　　一般将来时　　过去完成时　　现在完成进行时　Findthemistakesandcorrectthem1.Icarryedanumbrellayesterday.2.Doesyouruncleseeafilmlastweek？3.Theydon’tclimbthehillyesterday.4.Katedidn’tplayedbadmintonyesterdaymorning.5.Wegotothemuseumlastmonth.×carried×Did××didn’tdidn’tplay×went　　1.TomandMary___________(come)toChinalastmonth. 2.Mike_________________(notgo)tobeduntil12o’clocklastnight.SoI_______(get)uplate. 3.Mary__________(read)Englishyesterdaymorning. 4.There_________(be)noonehereamomentago. 5.I___________(call)Mikethismorning. 　　 camedidn'tgoreadwascalledgot6.Ilistenedbut___________(hear)nothing. 7.Tom___________(begin)tolearnChineselastyear. 8.Lastweekwe_________(pick)manyapplesonthefarm. 9.Mymother_____________(notdo)houseworkyesterday. 10.ShewatchesTVeveryevening.Butshe_______________(notwatch)TVlastnight. heardbeganpickeddidn'tdidn'twatch概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：1.一般现在时态(TheSimplePresentTense)表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或状态。do/does(三单)everyday,always,usually,often,sometimes,onSundays,threetimesaday,etc我一到达那儿，就会给你写信。——————————————————————一般现在时的注意点:1、表客观事实或普遍真理Theearth_____(go)roundthesun.2、在when,assoonas,until,after,before等到引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llgoonapicnic.goes如果明天不下雨，我们将去野营。———————————————————I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgetthere.概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：2.一般过去时态(TheSimplePastTense)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态V+edyesterday,justnow,last…,thismorning,…ago,etcS+be(was/were)+其他一般过去时的注意点:1、当没有明显的时间状语时,描述几个相继发生过的动作　Ialwaysgotuptoolate,washedmyface,hadaquickbreakfastandhurriedtoschool.2、since从句中常用一般过去时Youhaven’tchangedmuchsincewelast______(meet).met概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态tomorrow,inthreedays，this…,next…,soon,etc.1.will/shall+do2.am/is/aregoingto+do3.am/is/are+doing3.一般将来时态(TheSimpleFutureTense)Lookatthedarkclouds,it_________rain.Tomorrow_______beAprilFool’sDay.一般将来时的注意点:willisgoingto4.现在进行时态(ThePresentContinuousTense)概念：常用时间状语：表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作now,listen,look,rightnow,thesedays,atthismoment,etcam/is/are+doing构成形式：现在进行时的注意点:表达状态、感情和感觉的动词不能用进行时。如：中know,be,want,think,see,hear,like,hope,love,have在表达时，切记不要忘了be动词。am/is/aredoing概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：5.过去进行时态(ThePastContinuousTense)表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生的动作。was/were+doingatthistimeyesterday,fromseventoninelastnight,,atthatmoment,etc.过去进行时的注意点:在when,while引导的时间状语从句中,表示主从句中两个动作同时发生时,用过去进行时表示.1.Whenmyfathergothome,I_____alettertomyfriend.(2008宁波中考)writeB.amwritingC.wroteD.waswriting2.______Jimwasmakingapaperplane,hisbrotherwasdoinghomework.While较长的动作概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：6.现在完成时态(ThePresentPerfectTense)发生在过去且对现在仍有影响的动作,强调对现在的影响.have/has+donealready,yet,never,ever,just,before,once,twice,etcfor…,since…,sofar,inthepastfewyears,bynow,etc现在完成时的注意点:1.havebeento,havebeenin和havegoneto的区别2.短暂性动词和持续性动词1).Tom____never____toAmerica2).----IsTinaathome?----Sorry,she________Shanxi,andshe________thereforthreedays.译下列句子：３、这本书他买了一年了4、这本书他借了三天了。5、我们离开广州六年了。Hehasboughtthisbookforayear.Hehashadthisbookforayear.Hehasborrowedthepenforthreedays.Hehaskeptthebookfor3days.WehaveleftGuangzhoufor6years.WehavebeenawayfromGuangzhoufor6years.×××短暂性动词不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用,必须转变成持续性动词常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变arrive/come/gotodiebecomeaborrowLeave/movebuyopenjoinstart/beginfinish/endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedinbeinbedeadhavekeepbeaway/beoutbeabein/amemberofbeopenbeonbeoverhaveacoldbeupknowbeoutbeclosedbeawakebeasleep/sleepbeinterestedinExercisesHisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)MyteacherhasjustleftNanjing.(for3days)Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years.Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9:00a.m.Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold.MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days3.常见句型主句(现在完成时)+since从句(一般过去时).Itis+一段时间+since从句(一般过去时).Itisthreedayssincetheyborrowedthatbook.Theyhavekeptthatbookforthreedays.概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：7.过去完成时:(ThePastPerfectTense)haddonebytheendoflastyear,by,before+过去的时间点；由when,before,after,bythetime等引导的状语丛句中，表示主句的动作发生在从句之前。表示在过去某一时刻前已完成的动作。也称“过去的过去”Exercises1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_______(arrive),yet?3.Tome____never_______(beto)China.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.havehadarrivedhasbeentohasseensaw4.Ithassnowed______twodays.Everythingiscoveredwithsnow.5.Wehavecleanedtheclassroom______halfanhour.6.Wehavestudiedatthisschool____2003.forforsince过去完成时的注意点:用于宾词从句中，当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时,一定要注意宾语从句中的时态变化。Hesaidthathe_________thefilmmanytimes.hadseenImyhomeworkbeforeIplayedcomputergames.hadfinshedAfterImyhomework,Iplayedcomputergames.hadfinshedbefore,after连接两个过去的动作，第一个动作用haddone.before+2nd/after+1st考点解析一、对一般现在时考查1．考查其基本概念：一般现在时通常表示习惯性的、反复发生的动作。通常与表示频度的副词如often,sometimes,usually,always,occasionally等和时间状语如intheevening,atnight,twiceamonth,everyday/week/month/year,onSundays等连用。一般现在时可表示主语的特征、能力或状态以及普遍真理。【考例】Thewomanandherhusband__________inthesameoffice.[广东省]A.work           B.works          C.isworking      D.hasworkedA2．考查一般现在时的替代用法：在由when,after,before,until,till,assoonas,theminute/second/moment,thenexttime等引导的时间状语中或由if,so/aslongas,once,evenif,although,whether…or…,incase,whatever,whenever,wherever等引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。【考例】--I'msorrythatJohnisout.--Pleaseaskhimtocallmeassoonashe______________.[成都市]A.returned         B.returns       C.willreturnB二、对一般过去时的考查一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。它常与表过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,lastnight,theotherday,justnow,then,twodaysago,in,atthattime等。 有时句子中虽然不含表示过去时间的状语，但根据语境可判断动作或状态已经发生，而且与现在没有任何联系，也需用一般过去时。【考例】一Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday?一I________basketballwithmyfriends．[北京市]Aplay    Bplayed    Cwillplay    D．amplayingHisfamily        thezoolastweek.[吉林省]A.visit          B.amvisiting   C.visited       D.willvisitBC一Mr.Green，____you____ThreeLanesandSevenAlleys(三坊七巷)lastSunday?一No．butI'llvisitthemnextweek.  [福州市]A．will；goto     Bhave；beento   Cdid；goto     D．have；gonetoC三、对一般将来时的考查一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或状态。一般将来时有多种表达法：1．begoingtodo表示计划、安排或有迹象表明要发生的事情。2．“shall/will+do”单纯表示将来，不含计划、安排之意；有时表示主语的临时决断。3．beabouttodosth表示马上就要发生某事，通常不与时间状语连用，常用于beabouttodo...when...结构,表示“正要……突然……”。4．某些主要用于表示动作转移的动词，如：come,go,leave,start,arrive,meet,move,sail,begin,fall,marry,publish,see,stay等，用现在时表示将来时，指的是按计划安排或时刻表要发生的事。5．“beto+动词原形”表示预先安排好的计划或约定。6．祈使句+or/and+一般将来时态的并列句”句型中I   theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow．A.willreturn     Breturned    Chavereturned   Dreturn[北京市]--Mum,whatareyoudoing?--Yourunclehascome.I_______putanextraforkonthetable.[太原市]A.will                 B.have                C.wouldAA--Lookatthenoisykids!--Haven'tyouheardthesaying"Whenthecatisaway,themice________."?[河南省]A.play            B.played          C.areplaying      D.willplayD四、对现在进行时的考查现在进行时表示目前正在进行的动作或目前所处的状态。有些动词常用现在进行时态表示按计划或安排即将发生的事情。JackhasneverbeentoDisneylandbefore，buthe____therethissummer．[沈阳市]A．hasbeen．   Bisgoing      Cwent      D．goesB五、对现在完成时的考查现在完成时的用法主要有两点：1．过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常用的时间状语有yet,already,just,ever,never,now,before,lately,recently。2．表示某动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。常用的时间状语有today,thisweek,thesedays,sofar,uptonow,since,eversince,sincethen,bythistime,foryears/ages,foralongtime,severaltimes,in/overthepastfewyears,“since+过去某一时刻”,“for+时间段”等。有时在时间或条件状语从句中，可用现在完成时代替将来完成时。【考例】Hearingthatshe__theentranceexamtotheuniversity，Fudyisthrilled．[青岛市]A．hasfailedin   B.issucceededin  C．isfailedin    D．hassucceedinD——It'sraining!Whendiditstart? 一Idon'tknowexactly．Infact，it_________allthisafternoon.[北京市] A1asts      Bhas1asted   C．1asted      D．will1astB--Areyougoingtoseethefilmwithus? --No,thanks.I_________it.[广东省]A.saw            B.haveseen       C.see             D.wasseeingB--Hello,thisisLilyspeaking. CouldIspeaktoMr.Black?--Sorry.He _________theXuanwuLakePark.[南京市]A.hasbeento       B.wentto          C.hasgoneto      D.willgotoCJane _________.I'mwaitingforher.[成都市]A.cameback        B.hascomeback      C.hasn'tcomebackC6.过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。过去进行时常用来解释某种行为的原因。过去进行时有时也可表示过去将来时。【考例】—DickgavemeanotewhileI____inthelibrary．一Iguesshemadeittosay“sorry”toyou．A．arereading     Bwasreading     Creads      D．willread[黄冈市]B--Icalledyouathalfpastninethismorning,buttherewasnoanswer. --Oh,sorry.I ________withmycousininthesupermarket.[安徽省]A.shop         B.wasshopping C.shopped      D.willshopB1.—Look!Howwonderfulmycaris!Oh,Jack.Whatareyouthinkingabout?Don’tyoulikeit?—I’msorryI______anyremarkaboutitintime.Icertainlythinkit’ssmart.A.wasn’tmaking    B.don’tmake   C.won’tmake        D.didn’tmake2.TofindthestreetwhereIlivedinmychildhoodisnoeasytaskbecausethecity______sorapidlyalltheseyears.A.ischanging        B.haschanged      C.willhavechanged        D.willchange3.He______quitewell,buthehasn’thadtimetoswimsincethissummer.A.willswim      B.haveswum   C.swam           D.swims4.Jimmysaidthathewouldcometopickmeup,buthe____bynow.A.hasn’tturnedup    B.doesn’tturnup    C.won’tturnup        D.hadn’tturnedup5.I’mterriblysorryforbeinglate,butI_____thewrongbus.A.catch         B.hadcaught      C.caught             D.catching7.Thetruth,sir,isthattheoldman_______acrosstheroadwhenmycarhithim.A.wastowalk        B.hadbeenwalking    C.walked          D.waswalking8.Ireallydon’tthinkRosewillbeupset,butIwillgoandseeherincaseshe_____.A.is                  B.does          C.willbe              D.hasbeen9.Thecomputersmadebyourcompanysellbest,butseveralyearsagonoonecouldhaveimaginedtheroleinthemarketsthatthey_________.A.wereplaying          B.weretoplay    C.hadplayed            D.played10.—Kateisinhospital.—Oh,really?I_______.________visither.A.didn’tknow;I’llgoand      B.don’tknow;I’llgoandC.don’tknow;I’mgoingto        D.didn’tknow;I’mgoingto11.—Where_______theguidebook?Ican’tseeitanywhere.—I_______itrighthere,butnowit’sgone.A.didyouput;haveput            B.hadyouput;haveputC.haveyouput;put                  D.wereyouputting;put14.—Doyouliveinthiscity?—No,we______itforholidays.A.justvisit    B.justvisited  C.arejustvisiting  D.havevisited15.—Howistheoldmannow?—Sorry,he______thoughtheydidalltheycouldtosavehim.A.wasdead        B.haddied      C.hasbeendead      D.died16.Thelakewillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures______.A.willbetaken    B.aretaken     C.weretaken  D.hadbeentaken17.I’mafraiditwillbetwomonths______.A.whenIcomeback  B.whenI’llcomeback  C.beforeIcomeback  D.beforeI’llcomeback18.Theworkers_____busilywhenthebosscametolookforsomethinghe______intheoffice.A.hadworked,hadleft  B.wereworking;hadleftC.working;hadleft  D.hadworked;left21.Thenotice______“Nosmoking”.  A.istold    B.reads          C.tells      D.isread