namestoriesppt教学课件

Lesson2NameStoriesPeriod2清华附中外语高二备课组GivennameSurnameFamilynameMainIdeaWhendidpeopleinEnglandfirststartusingsurnames?Whydidpeoplestartusingsurnames?WhatarethedifferenttypesofEnglishsurnames?TheoriginsofEnglishSurnamesAsongothissurnamefromhisfatherbyadding“s”or“son”tohisfather’sgivenname.Somesurnameswereformedfromaperson’sjobSometimespeopletookplacenames,suchasthenameoftheirvillage.Father’snameOccupationLocationTheoriginsofEnglishSurnamesFather’sgivennameJackSon’ssurnameJacksonWilliamWilliamsa.b.c.Apersonwhoworkswithmetaliscalledsmith.TheoriginsofEnglishSurnamesTomBakerJohnSmithAndyCookAmanwholivedbythewoodmightbecalledJack________.ApersonwholivedonthetopofanearbyhillmightbecalledJohn__________.WoodHillTheoriginsofEnglishSurnamesWesternNamesDoyouknowwherewesternfirstnamescomefrom?Doyouknowwhichnamesarepopulartoday?Jacob,Mary,RebeccaandSarahMartinLutherKing,Jr.AlexandreDumas-AlexandreDumasFilsChineseNamesWhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouseetheseChinesenames?Whatkindsoftrendscanbeseeninthenames?纳兰容若上官婉儿，司马相如，东方朔秦桧，卜世仁，刘红专，王建国，蔡国庆抱琴，司棋，侍书WritingWriteanamestoryUnit4PygmalionVocabularyandexpressions…anexpertinphonetics,convincedthatthequalityofaperson’sEnglishdecideshis/herpositioninsociety.一位语音学专家，认定一个人的 英语 关于好奇心的名言警句英语高中英语词汇下载高中英语词汇 下载英语衡水体下载小学英语关于形容词和副词的题 水平决定这个人的社会地位。(1)convincedvt.tocausetobelieverorfeelcertain;topersuade说服；使相信，说动（某人）我们说服了他坐火车去，不要搭飞机去。______________________________________Weconvincedhimtogobytrainratherplane.(2)(be)convinced+of短语/that从句意思是“坚信…”;“确信…”。例如：我确信他有罪。_______________________________=__________________________________.(3)convince(vt.)sb+of短语/that从句，“使…坚信…”;“使…确信…”。Iamconvincedofhisguilt.Iamconvincedthathewasguilty.我不认为她的强作欢颜能使她父亲相信她在那个小孤岛上过得开心。Idon’tthinkherforcedsmile____________________________________________________onthatsmalllonelyisland.willconvinceherfatherthatsheliveshappily2.Agentlemanpassesandhesitatesforamoment.hesitate:vi.犹豫;踌躇Shehesitatedtohurtthechild‘sfeelings. 她不想伤害孩子的感情。IhesitatedabouttakinghissideuntilIknewthewholestory. 我在完全了解事实真相后，才打消顾虑，支持他的立场。3.Nowdon’tbetroublesome,there’sagoodgirl.troublesome:带来麻烦的;使人心烦的Thisnaughtyboyisreallytroublesome. 这个淘气的男孩子真是惹人烦。Mycoughisrathertroublesometoday. 我今天咳嗽得很难受。4.Disappointedattheoutcome,butthinkingitisbetterthannothing.outcome:n结果;效果Thenecessaryoutcomeofawarisafallinproduction. 战争带来的必然结果就是生产力下降。Don'ttrytosecond-guesstheoutcome. 不要猜测结果.5.Iain’tdonenothingwrongbyspeakingtothatgentleman.我跟那位先生说话,又没做什么坏事呀。▲ain’t是不规范的语言,相当于amnot,isnot,hasnot,havenot.①Weain’tcoming.我们不来了。②Theyain’tgotit.他们没有那玩意儿。▲nothingwrong中的wrong是形容词作后置定语,修饰nothing。形容词修饰不定代词时,必须置于不定代词之后。①There’ssomethingwrongwithmywatch.我的表出毛病了。②Pleasecomeearlier.Somethingimportantwillbeannounced.请早点来,有重要的事情要宣布。③Isthereanythinginteresting?有什么有趣的事吗？6.indisguise意为“乔装”(1)我以为你是便衣警察。Ithoughtmaybe________________________(2)这位皇帝喜欢微有私访。_______________________________________.联想：inneedof意思是“需要”。他需要理发了__________________________.inneed　意思是“在困难（穷困）中”。例如：我们应该帮助贫困的人。______________________________________.youwasapolicemanindisguise.Heisinneedofahaircut.　Theemperorlikedtravellingindisguise.Weshouldhelpthoseinneed.　7.Hereyouare(handsoverthepapercoveredinwriting).给你(他把写满字的纸递过来)▲handover移交;让与；交给某人照料①Thecaptainwasunwillingtohandoverthecommandofhisship.船长不愿移交军舰的指挥权。②Thethiefwashandedovertothepoliceman.小偷被交给警察处理。handdown传给handon传递handsup举手handout分给,分发Itiscertainthathewill____hisbusinesstohissonwhenhegetsold.A.takeoverB.thinkoverC.handoverD.goover▲coveredinwriting为过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于定语从句which/thatiscoveredinwriting.①Theconcertgivenbyhimwasagreatsuccess.由他举行的音乐会很成功。②ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe18thcentury.最早为外语教师而写的英语课本出现在18世纪。③Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinvillages,hadneverseenatrain.他们当中的一些人生长在农村,从未见过火车。④Themeetingheldyesterdayprovedtobeasuccess.昨天开的那次会议证明很成功。1)Someofthesuspects______refusedtoanswerandkepttheirmouthsshut.questioningB.beingquestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned2)Youwillfindtheword“psychology”______under“P”inanydictionary.havelistedB.tobelistedC.listingitselfD.listed3)Theamountofmoney______fortheseriouslysickchildwassooncollected.toneedB.neededC.needingD.whichneeded4)Allcars______nowadaysareequippedwithsafetybelts,_____arehelpfultodrivers.A.beingproduced;theyB.tobeproduced;whichC.produced;whichD.produced;they8.mistakenadj.错误的；不正确的ThereyouareandyoucomefromthewestendofLondon,borninLissonGroveifI’mnotmistaken.你呀,要是我没弄错的话,你是伦敦西边的人,出生在森格罗佛。Iassureyou’remistaken.我确信你错了。Inthatidea,you’remistaken.那样说来你错了。Theteacherhasamistakenopinionofthispupil.老师对这个学生有不对的看法。Bobhasamistakenideathattomorrowisaholiday.鲍勃想错了,他说明天是假日。Amistakenpersonshouldadmithiserror.犯错的人应承认自己的错误。mistaken用作形容词,在句中作表语或前置定语。作表语时,常为bemistakenabout…对某事持错误的见解。mistake为其名词形式或动词形式。mistake…for…把……错认为9.WhatifIwas?如果我是又怎样呢？此句为省略句。原句为:WhatifIwasbornin…?Whatif…意思为“要是……又会怎样？”。10.Simplyphoneticsstudiedandclassifiedfrompeople’sownspeech.classify:vt.编排;分类;归类Simplyphoneticsstudiedandclassifiedfrompeople’sownspeech.只是学了点语音学,把人们的发音区分一下而已。Suchpeopleshouldbeclassifiedasmiddlepeasants.这样的人应该被分类为中等农民。Inthepost-office,mailisclassifiedaccordingtotheplaceswhereitistogo.在邮局,邮件是按其邮往何方分类的。Sheclassifiesasoneofthegreatestactressesofourtimes.她被认为是我们这个时代的最伟大的女演员之一。classify既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,作及物动词时,表示“分为……”,常构成beclassifiedinto“被分成……”,beclassifiedas“被分为……”;作不及物动词时,表示“属于……类”。classifiedadj.表示“分类的,机密的”;classificationn.“分类、类”。完成句子1.Peoplewhoworkinlibrariesspendalotoftime_________(分类)books.2.Ifyoulookinthe________(分类的)partofthetelephonebookyou’llfindplentyofhotels.classifyingclassified11.Buttheybetraythemselveseverytimetheyopentheirmouths.但每次一张嘴说话，他们就原形毕露。betrayoneself无意中露出本性；背叛相当多的人面对金钱的诱惑便原形毕露。_________________________________Whentemptedbymoney.Quitealotofpeoplewillbetraythemselvesbetray（1）vt.giveawayormakeknown泄露（秘密）她不会把他的秘密泄露给我。他向所有的朋友透露了这个消息。__________________________________.Hebetrayedthenewstoallhisfriends.（2）vt.tobedisloyalorunfaithfulto出卖；背叛他的最好的朋友背叛了他.__________________________________Hisbestfriendbetrayedhim.他背叛祖国，向敌人投降了._________________________________.Hebetrayedhiscountrytotheenemy(3)tobeasignof(sth.Onewouldliketohide)显露；显示他的脸显露出他很生气。____________________________________betray+n.+to出卖，背叛betray+n.+(tobe)/-that表示“无意中显示，暴露”名词形式betrayal如anactofbetrayal背叛的行为Hisfacebetrayedthathewasangry.Don’tstopeverytimeyoucometoawordorphraseyoudon’tknow.你遇到一个你不会的单词或词组不要每次都停下来。You’rewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.你想什么时候来我们都欢迎。HecalledtoseemethefirsttimehecametoNanjing.第一次他来南京就打电话来看我。Nexttimeyoucome,you’llseehim.下次你来的时候就看见他了。有些表示时间的短语可引导时间状语从句，如：theinstant,themoment,theday,theyear,each(every)time,nexttime,thefirst(second…)time等。1)Theminute_____hesawher,hefellinlove.A.whenB./C.thatD.which2)_____Icomeheisreading.WhileB.EverytimeC.ThelastD.After3)BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we_____inEuropefortwoweeks.A.shallstayB.havestayedC.willhavestayedD.havebeenstaying4)ThemomentI_____her,Iknewsomething_____wrong.A.haveseen;goneB.hadseen;hadC.saw;wasD.see;hadgone12.Nowoncetaughtbyme…一旦由我来教,……Whenfinished,thehomeworkwashandedin.作业一完成就交上了去。Althoughtired,hecontinuedclimbing.尽管很累,但他仍继续爬着。比较：Whilebeingoperated,themachinesentoffalotofsmoke.机器被操作时,冒出许多烟。以once,if,as,unless,when,though,although引导的状语从句,若从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句中谓语动词为be+v.-ed形式,或从句中主谓结构为itis(was)+adj.时,则从句结构可以直接由以上连词加v-ed或adj.代替。1)Whenfirst______tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced2)_____,thevitaminCinthemwillbedestroyed.IfvegetablesarecookedtoolongIfcookedtoolongIfcookingtoolongIfbeingcookedtoolong3)Thisisanillnessthatmayresultintotalblindnessifleft______.A.beinguntreatedB.untreatedC.nottreatingD.nothavingtreated4)Askhimgotakeyouhome_____possible.A.atB.whileC.ifD.ifthey13.condemnvt.谴责(1)condemnsb./sth.谴责某人/某事大部分人谴责任何形式的暴力行为。___________________________________.(2)becondemnedtodeath/besentencedtodeath被判死刑那个罪犯被判处死刑。__________________________________(3)condemnsb.todosth.判处某人服…刑他的病使他被迫一直呆在床上。___________________________________Mostpeoplecondemnanysortofviolence.Thecriminalwascondemnedtodeath.Hisillnesscondemnedhimtobeinbedallthetime.14.But,sir,(proudly)onceeducatedtospeakproperly,thatgirlcouldpassherselfoffinthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassador’sgardenparty.可是,先生(自豪地),一旦那个女孩被教会说正确的英语,她就能够在三个月后由一位大使举办的舞会上冒充一位女公爵。这是一个复合句,从句为oncesheiseducatedtospeakproperly的省略形式。▲passoff…as…冒充①ShepassedherselfoffasanAmerican.她冒充是美国人。②Hepassedhissecretaryoffaswife.他把秘书冒充他的妻子。passoff停止;顺利地举行;躲开passby走过;不理会passon传递passthrough通过,穿过她冒充自己是位有经验的演员。______________________________________.Shepassedherselfasanexperiencedactress.passoff逐渐消失；不加理会；（进展）顺利passaway去世passdown/on把…传给后世passout昏过去；失去知觉pass…onto把…传递给passthrough通过；穿过15.acquaintancen.相识;了解Ihavesomeacquaintancewiththelanguage.我懂得这门语言.__________________________________Imadehisacquaintancelongago.我很久以前已经认识他了.______________________________使某人了解makeone’sacquaintance/maketheacquaintanceofsb.结识某人befamiliarwith/beacquaintedwith对…熟悉acquaintsb.with16.ahandfulof一把，少数的（人）我给了那个男孩一把糖。______________________________________我们邀请了12人，但只有几个人来。___________________________________________Igavetheboyahandfulofsweets.Weinvited12,butonlyahandfulofthemcame.abasketfulabagfulofamouthfulofapocketfulof一篮子一书包一口一袋17.inamazement惊讶地当她撕烂那张 合同 劳动合同范本免费下载装修合同范本免费下载租赁合同免费下载房屋买卖合同下载劳务合同范本下载 然后仍掉的时候,我们都惊讶地望着她。_______________________asshetoreupthecontractandthrewit.Wewatchedinamazement使我惊奇的是，我得了一等奖。____________________________________toone’samazement使某人惊奇的是TomyamazementIgotthefirstprize.1.Thesadnewsamazedhimverymuch.Hewas______________thenews.2.Amazingly,shekilledherhusband.___________thatshekilledherhusband.3._____________________,shekilledherhusband.muchamazedatItisamazingToour/theiramazement18.Afortune!fortune:n.机会；运气；大笔的钱ThesetwobrothersdecidedtogotoAmericatotrytheirfortunes. 这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。Hedreamedofmakingafortune. 他梦想发大财。19.Generallyspeaking,peoplearemorepolitetothosewhotheythinkareofhighersocialclass.总的来说，人们对那些他们认为属于较高社会阶层的人更礼貌一些。(1)本句中的of表示”从属”关系。例如：物以类聚，人以群分。Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.(2)beof+形容词+抽象名词=be+副词+与该抽象名词同根的形容词。例如：我所说的非常重要。WhatIsaidisofgreatimportance.=WhatIsaidisveryimportant.可用于以上结构的抽象名词及相对应的形容词有：ability-able,help-helpful,importance-important,interest-interesting,significance-significant,use-useful,value-valuable20.superiorsuperior作为形容词有两大用法：1)作为普通形容词，意为“傲慢的”。例如：我讨厌他那傲慢的态度。____________________________Ihatehissuperiormanner.2)作为暗含比较级的形容词，意为”较高级”、“较好的”、“较…为优秀的”。由于superior本身隐含着比较意义，因此不能在前面再加more。在与另一事物进行比较时，与之搭配的介词要用to,不能than。例如：约翰逊的数学比王先生好。Johnson________________Mr.Wanginmathematics.与superior用法相同的词还有inferior,senior,junior,prior等。比…优越，不屈服于besuperiorto低于beinferiorto比…年长beseniorto比…年轻bejuniorto例如：青铜不如金子。_______________________他比我小很多岁。________________________bymanyyears.我母亲在结婚前曾经是电工。__________________,mymotherwasanelectrician.issuperiortoBrassisinferiortogold.HeisjuniortomePriortohermarriage21.intermsof有两个意思:一个意为“根据”、“依照”；另一个意为“以…的措辞”。例如：让每一个孩子根据自己的兴趣爱好选择书籍阅读。Leteachchildread_______________________________他对你的工作大加赞赏。Hereferredtoyourwork__________________________intermsofhisowntastesandchoices.intermsofhighpraise.1.HenryHigginsandColonelPickeringaresittingdeepinconversation.亨利·希金斯和皮克林上校下坐着专心地谈话。deepin意为“专心于”,“全神贯注于”，“深陷于”等,后接名词。汉译英(1)埋头工作(2)沉思着deepinworkdeepinthought(3)债台高筑(4)专心读书deepindebtdeepinone’sbook(s)2.IratherfanciedmyselfbecauseIcanpronouncetwenty-fourdistinctvowelsounds;butyouronehundredandthirtybeatme.我很欣赏自己，因为我能发24个明显的元音，但你能发130个音却击败了我。pronounce:v.发…的音,宣告,断言Idon'tknowhowtopronouncethisword. 我不知道这个单词怎么发音。Thecourtpronouncedagainstmyclaimtotheland. 法庭宣判不承认我对这片土地的权益。fancy1)vt.想像，设想Wecannotfancyalifewithoutelectricity.我们不能设想生活中没有电。Shefanciedshesawsomeone,buttherewasnoonethere.他觉的好像听见有人在跟踪。2)vt.爱好，喜欢Whatdoyoufancyforsupper?晚饭你喜欢吃什么？　3)vt.感叹语气，表示惊奇Fancyseeingyou!Iamsurprised!想不到会见到你！真是出乎意料！4)n.想像，设想，爱好That’sonlyyourfancy.那只是你的想像而已。　Ihaveafancyforfishing.我只有钓鱼的爱好。3.Showherin,MrsPearce.showin带或领……进来Showherin,MrsPearce.皮斯太太,领她进来。Heshowedmeintoabedroom.他把我领进一间卧室。Heshowedmeout.他把我领了出去。showsb.in领某人进来,其反义词为:showsb.out领某人出去。show构成的短语有:showsb.around领某人参观某地;showoff炫耀;showup出现,来到某处;揭露;显得好看1.Heledmearoundtheschoolandvisiteditforthreehours.He______me______theschoolforthreehours.2.Shepraisedproudlyhernecklaceinpublic.She__________hernecklacebeforethepublic.showedaroundshowedoff4.Thisisabitofluck.这有点幸运。　abit;slightly;butnotvery;alittle　有点儿，稍微Couldyouturndowntheradioabitplease?你把收音机音量稍微调低点好吗？　It’sabitcoldtoday.今天有点冷。5.She’stheonewesawtheotherday.theotherday前几天Sheistheonewesawtheotherday.她是我前几天看到的那个。Ihadratheranoddexperiencetheotherday.前几天我有一次奇怪的经历。theotherday“前几天”,表示过去的时间,故句中时态用一般过去时。对比其他时间的表达法:oneday“一天”。用于过去时或将来时;someday“某一天”,只用于将来时;justnow“刚才;就在现在”,用于过去时(刚才),用于现在进行时(就在现在);intime按时;迟早”,用于过去时(按时),用于将来时(迟早)6.Takeheraway!takeaway带走,取走Sheisnouseatall.Takeheraway.她没什么用处。把她带走。Thechildwastakenawayfromschool.那孩子辍学了。Thebadnewstookawayallherpleasure.这条坏消息将她的快乐一扫而光。takeaway除了具有“带走、取走”的意义外,还有“使停学、使消失、减去”等意义。由take构成的短语有:takeafter长得像;takeapart拆开;takeas看作;takefor错认为;takein吸收,欺骗;takeup拿起,从事takeoff起飞,脱(衣服),成功;takeover接管(权利);7.Butshe’llneedtobecleanedfirst.她得先把自己洗干净了。needtobedone表示“某事需要被做”,可与needdoing互换,主语可以是人,也可以是物。在needdoing中,need作及物动词,后面跟动词-ing,表达被动含义,类似用法的动词还有want,require等。同义转换(1)Thesedesksneedrepairing.Thesedesksneed_______________.(2)Yourdirtyshoesneedtobewashed.Yourdirtyshoesneed____________.toberepairedwashing8.I’dneverhavecomeifI’dknownaboutthisdisgustingthingyouwantmetodo…我要是早知道你们想对我做这种可恶的事,我决不会来。此句是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”形式，主句中的谓语动词用would/could/should/might+have+过去分词形式。单项填空Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewe_____him.A.wouldhavetelephonedB.musthavetelephonedC.wouldtelephoneD.hadtelephonedAdisgusting: a.令人厌恶的；令人反感的Hisdeceitisdisgusting;hetookeverybodyin! 他的欺诈手段令人憎恶，弄得人人上当！That'sdisgusting. 真讨厌。9.Sheisinneedofboth.inneedof需要It’llbehowtoteachhergrammar,notjustpronunciation.She’sinneedofboth.是怎样教她语法,而不仅仅是发音。她两者都需要。inneedof需要……,为介词短语,后跟名词或代词。其同义词为inwantof,inneed穷困。英语中类似结构有:inchargeof负责;insearchof搜寻;inhopeof希望;inhonorof纪念infavorof有利于;inspiteof尽管;incaseof以防万一;inplaceof代替。10.Butyoucan’toverlookthat!overlook:v.俯看,远眺,忽视；不理会Theyoverlookedtheenormousrisksinvolved. 他们忽略了暗含的巨大危险。Myroomoverlookedthegarden. 我的房间俯瞰花园。Itwasaslightoverlookonmypart. 这是我的小疏忽。11.…fadeoutastheygooffstagetogether.他们一块下舞台时……消失。fadeout(声音、画面)逐渐模糊、渐淡Whenyouturnonatransistorradiothesoundcomesonimmediately;whenyouturnoff,itfadesoutgradually.打开半导体收音机时,声音立刻响起；关闭时,声音慢慢消失。fadeout指声音的减弱;fadeaway主要指自然界、记忆力的渐渐消失;表声音的渐渐消失时,fadeout,fadeaway,dieaway可通用同义表达1.Hisvoicebecameweakerandweaker,andfinallydiedaway.Hisvoice__________.Hisvoice________.fadedawayfadedout2.Thesoundofthefootstepsfadedaway.Thesoundofthefootsteps_________.Thesoundofthefootsteps_________.diedawayfadedout