Unit 5_2 Health—Text A Subhealthy State 新理念大学英语 课件

大学英语新理念综合教程来永春2011-7 UnitFiveHealth—TextASubhealthyState I.TeachingObjective1.Enjoyaninterestingshortpassageaboutwhiteningteeth.2.Learnthenewwordsandexpressions.3.Reciteusefulexpressionsinthetext.II.TeachingMethod：CommunicativeApproach,Task-basedlearningandWritingonblackboardIII.Keypoints：Importantpoints:ReadingComprehensionofTextADifficultpoints:1Usefulphrasesandexpressions2Importantwords3.DifficultsentencesI.Revision1.Theteacherguidesthestudentstoreviewwhattheylearnedlastperiodbyaskingthemsomequestions.2.Theteacherchecksthestudents’assignment.II.Lead-inSubhealth\doesnotinvolveorgandysfunctionbutimpliesgradualbodilydeterioration(whichisoftenreferredtoas“thethirdstate”or“graystate”).Itisastatebetweengoodhealthandillnesses.Itiscloselylinkedtoyourphysicalwell-being,psychologicalstate,aswellasimbalancesinsocialrelationshipsandenvironment-relatedhealthproblems.Peoplewithsubhealthoftensufferfromfatigue,neck/backaches,stressoverload,excessiveanxiety,sleepingdisordersandaddictivehabits.I.ReadingComprehension1.Whatissubhealth?Subhealth,alsocalledthethirdstateorgreystate,isexplainedasaborderlinestatebetweenhealthanddisease.2.Whatcausessubhealth?Subhealthisbelievedtobecausedbythestresspeopleundergointheireverydaylives.3.Whatarethesymptomsofsubhealth?Doyouthinkyouhaveeverbeensubhealthy?Symptomsincludealackofenergy,depression,slowreactions,insomnia,agitation,poormemory,orsometimesshortnessofbreath,sweatingandachinginthewaistandlegs.4.Ifyouwanttofeellesslikevictims,whatshouldyoudo?---toformgoodlivinghabits---toalternateworkwithrest---toexerciseregularly,andtakepartinopenairactivities---toeatlesssaltandsugarandeatmorefreshvegetables,fruits,fish---itisnotgoodtoeattoomuchatonemeal5.Accordingtotheauthor,howshouldwetackleourworkandlifesoasnottobeinsubhealth?Doyouagree?Whyorwhynot?Theauthorthinkweshouldknowthatworkisnotallofthelife.Lifeandworkareanintegralwhole.wehavemanyrolesinourlifeandwehavemental,emotional,spiritualandphysicalneeds.Taketimetoconsiderourpersonalrolesasfather,mother,confidant(密友),daughter,son.Honorourneeds,createcalmnessinourdayandrenewourspirit.Focusingoncultivatingmorebalanceinourlifecanhelpourworkimprove.II.AnalyzethetextASubhealthyState1.Thenconsiderthis,youmightbeinastateofsubhealth.Subhealth,alsocalledthethirdstateorgreystate,isexplainedasaborderlinestatebetweenhealthanddisease.borderlinen.linethatmarksaborder边界线;国境线;分界线e.g.Theborderlinebetweeninformallanguageandslangishardtodefine.口语和俚语之间的分界线是很难确定的。I'mnotsurewhethertopasshimorfailhim;he'saborderlinecase.我拿不定主意给他及格还是不及格，他处于两可的情况下。2.Thisisbelievedtobecausedbythestresspeopleundergointheireverydaylives.undergov.experienceorendure(sthunpleasantorpainful)经历,经受（不愉快的或痛苦的某事物）Youmayhavetoundergodisappointmentandfailurebeforeexperiencingsuccess.你在尝到成功的滋味之前,也许得忍受失望与失败。Allthefreshmenwillundergoamedicalexamination.所有新生都将接受体格检查。3.AccordingtoaninvestigationbytheWorldHealthOrganization,over45percentofsubhealthypeopleworkinmanagementpositionsaswellasstudentsaroundexam-time.(1)accordingto根据,按照;取决于;据...所载;据...所说e.g.Pleasearrangethebooksaccordingtosize.请按大小将书分类。Hewillbepunishedaccordingtotheseriousnessofhiscrime.他将据其罪行的轻重受到处罚。AccordingtotheBible,Adamwasthefirstman.据《圣经》记载,亚当是人类始祖。(2)aswellas可作副词，介词以及连词。作并列连词时，连接两个相同的成分，如主语、谓语、宾语、 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 语和状语等，表示“除…之外、不仅…还…、既…又…、不但…而且…、同、和、并、也”之意。1)连接名词或代词e.g.Inexaminingaproblem,weoughttoseethewholeaswellastheparts.探讨问题时我们不仅要看到局部，也要看到全局。Inmanyinstances,itisnecessarytoconsidertherateatwhichworkisdoneaswellasthetotalamountofworkdone.在许多情况下，既要考虑所做的功的总量，也要考虑做功的效率。AaswellasB用作句子的主语时，谓语动词须同A保持数的一致。e.g.Thegirl,aswellastheboys,haslearnedtoride.除了这些男孩子外，这个女孩也学会了骑马。Aluminum,aswellasmostmetals,isagoodconductor.铝和大多数金属都是良导体。2)连接动词aswellas后跟动词时，该动词通常用动名词的形式。Heavysmokingrunsawaywithyourmoney,aswellasbeingbadforyourhealth.抽烟抽得多，既浪费钱，又对健康不利。Hehashislicensetakenaway,aswellasbeingfinedfivepounds.他不仅被罚了五英镑，还被吊销了执照。如果aswellas连接的是两个简单动词形式，它和第二个动词实际上起着插入语的作用，那么，第二个动词则是限定动词，即与主语保持人称和数的一致。e.g.Heworks,aswellassleeps,intheroom.他既在这间房里睡觉，又在这里工作。Hemakes,aswellassells,shoes.他既卖鞋，也做鞋。如果第一个动词用于复合谓语（是分词或不定式），那么aswellas后的动词应取相应形式，但不定式一般不带to。e.g.Wearerepairingtheroof,aswellaspaintingthewalls.我们既油漆墙壁，又修理屋顶。aswellas位于句首时，后面的动词则须用动名词形式：Aswellasbreakinghisleg,hehurthisarm.他不但摔断了腿，而且也伤了胳膊。3)连接形容词e.g.She’scleveraswellasbeautiful.她不但漂亮，而且聪明。Thechildislivelyaswellashealthy.孩子既健康又活泼。4)连接介词短语或从句e.g.Weshalltravelbynightaswellasbyday.我们将日夜兼程。Weneedairwhenweareasleepaswellaswhenweareawake.我们不仅在醒着的时候需要空气，在睡着的时候也需要空气。5)在表达“不但…而且…”的意义时，“AaswellasB”结构的侧重点在A；“notonlyA…but(also)B”和“AandBaswell”结构的侧重点在B。e.g.Thehousehasabackdooraswellasafrontdoor.=Thehousehasnotonlyafrontdoorbutalsoabackdoor.不过，aswellas语气不如notonly…butalso强，其语意也不及后者明朗清楚，有时甚至毫无“侧重”可言Therestillremainsalotofproblemsforustoinvestigateaswellassolve.仍有许多问题有待我们去调查、解决。4.Symptomsincludealackofenergy,depression,slowreactions,insomnia,agitation,poormemory,orsometimesshortnessofbreath,sweatingandachinginthewaistandlegs.lackvt.(通常不用于被动语态)缺少;没有e.g.Idon'tseemtolackanything.我好像什么也不缺。vi.需要;缺少;不足;没有(+for)e.g.Theylackedfornothing.他们什么都不缺少。n.欠缺;不足;没有(+of);缺少的东西;需要的东西e.g.Hecannotbuyitbecauseofhislackofmoney.他因缺钱买不起这个。Waterisalackofthisregion.这个地区缺水。alleviatev.tomake(sth.)lesssevere;ease减轻;缓和e.g.Thedoctorgaveheraninjectiontoalleviatethepain.医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。5.Medicalexpertsareofferingsomeadvicetoalleviatepainsandletpeoplefeellesslikevictims.victimn.person,animalorthingthatisinjured,killedordestroyedastheresultofcarelessness,crimeormisfortune被伤害、杀害或毁灭的人、动物或事物e.g.Shewasthevictimofaroadaccident.她是一场交通事故的受害者。Hefellavictimtothedaggerofanassassin.他死于刺客的刀下。6.Theyconsiderthekeytopreventingandrecoveringfromsubhealthistoformgoodlivinghabits,alternateworkwithrest.alternatev.cause(thingsorpeople)tooccurorappearoneaftertheother;arrangebyturns使（事物或人）交替发生或出现;轮流安排.e.g.Ourbossalternateskindnesswithseverity.我们的老板时而和蔼,时而严厉。Forthenextfewdayshealternatedbetweenhopeandfear.其后几天中他时而满怀希望,时而充满恐惧。7.Nutritionexpertspointoutthatitisnotgoodtoeattoomuchatonemealbecauseit’sunhealthyinthedigestivesystem.itisnotgoodtoeattoomuchatonemeal:句中的it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语。it作形式主语时，并无实际语义，只是为满足语法上的需要，避免句子头重脚轻。用形容词或形容词短语作表语时，要注意两种情况。1)下列形容词：kind,good,nice,clever,wrong,right,foolish,wise,unwise,stupid,rude,careless,cruel,brave,naughty,polite,selfish等词作表语时，不定式前常可加一个由of引起的短语，来说明不定式指的是谁的情况。形容词表示不定式逻辑主语的特征，即形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品行等。Itwasfoolishofyoutoleaveschool.你中途退学，真是傻瓜。Itwasbraveofhertospeakoutinpublic.她能当众大声讲话，真勇敢。2)其他形容词作表语，常见的形容词有：necessary,hard，important,difficult,easy,possible，common等。Itisnecessarytouseashort-waveradiotopickuptheprogrammes.必须用短波收音机才能收到节目。如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前加for＋名词或代词＋todosth.(for后的宾语不能作句子的主语)。名词或代词作不定式的逻辑主语，即表示不定式所指动作的执行者。在此句型中，形容词只对不定式行为者作某种描述，而不涉及其品行。Itisnothardforonetodoabitofgood.对于一个人来说做点好事并不难。It’scommonforleavestofallfromthetreesinthefall.秋天树叶从树上落下是件常事。8.Anyhow,workisnotallofthelife.anyhowadv.carelessly随随便便，杂乱无章的,无论如何，总之。Thebookswerelyingontheshelfanyhow.书散乱地堆在书架上。Anyhow,youcantry.无论如何，你应该试试。…workisnotallofthelife.句中的notall是部分否定，表示"并非都…"、"不是所有的都…"Notallmencanbemasters.并非人人都能当头头。Idon'twantboththebooks.我不是两本书都要。Noteveryonelikesthisbook.并非人人都喜欢这本书。Both(the)windowsarenotopen.两扇窗子并不都开着。III.DoExercises(i)Choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassage.1.()Ifthedoctorsaidthatyouwereinthesubhealth,itmeansA.youwereverysickB.youwerebetweenhealthandunhealth.C.youwerewellD.youwereunhealthy2.()Subhealthisprobablycausedby.A.stressB.virusinfectionC.hungerDtiredness3.()WhichoneisNOTthesymptomofsubhealth?A.Lackofenergy.B.Poormemory.C.Shortnessofbreath.D.Diarrhoea.4.()Ifyouwanttorecoverfromsubhealth,youshouldNOT.A.formgoodlivinghabitsB.alternateworkwithrestC.exerciseregularlyD.sleeplateandgetuplate5.()Ifyouwanttobehealthy,youshould.A.eatalotatonemealB.eatmoresaltandsugarC.eatmorefreshvegetables,fruitsandfishD.eatmoremeat.(ii)Fillintheblankswiththegivenwordsorexpressionsfromthetableabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Youmayhaveto_________disappointmentandfailurebeforeexperiencingsuccess.2.Lastandmostimportant,chickenhasahigh_________value.3.Hefella_________tohisownavarice(贪财，贪婪).4.Wemust_________increasingourhomemarkets.5.Thisremarkseemedto_________herguest.6.Theriotcanbeconsideredan_________ofpoliticalinstability.7.The_________intotheaccidentwascarriedoutbytwopolicemen.8.Thedoctorgaveheraninjectionto_________thepain. 9.Subhealthisagrayperiodbetweenhealthyconditionsandunhealthyconditions,withitstypical_________ofbeinglackinginvitality,easytocatchcold,difficulttofallasleep,etc.10.Thearmsandlegsare_________partsofahumanbody.HomeworkTranslatethefollowingfromEnglishintoChinese.Healthisfarmoreimportantthanwealthandwisdom.Goodhealthenablesustoenjoyourlifeandachievewhatwehopeforinourcareer.Onthecontrary,poorhealthtendstodepriveusofourinterestineverythingaroundus.Howtostayhealthyconcernseveryone,thoughwehaveadvancedmedicine.Whenwediscussthis,somefundamentalprinciplesshouldbebroughtinmind.