初中宾语从句及练习题答案

宾语从句：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。 宾语从句三大考点：时态、语序、引导词 宾语从句的时态： （1）如果主句是现在时，那么从句可以根据需要选择任意时态； 练：我记得他昨天给了我一本书； I remember that he _______ (give) me a book yesterday. 他告诉我他明天要动身前往纽约了； He tells me that he ____________(leave) for New York tomorrow. 我发现他正在看别人的信件。 I find that he ___________(read) others’ letters. （2）如果主句是过去时（某种时态），那么从句一般要用过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时） 练：他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛； He told me that he __________(take) part in the high jump. （3）如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时； 练：老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转 Our teacher told us that the earth ________(travel) around the sun 宾语从句的引导词： 引导词 引导词的作用 例句 that 本身无意义，只起连接作用，在口语中可省略； He said (that) Kate was good at swimming. what, which, who,whose等连接代词 在从句中作一定的成分，如主语、宾语、定语等； I don’t know what they are going to do. He asked me whose book this was. when(表时间)，where(表地点)，why(表原因), how(表方式)等连接副词 在从句中作状语 Could you tell me where you are from? if/ whether 意为“是否”，不作句子成分，但不能省略； He asked me whether / if Miss Gao was a teacher.       1、当宾语从句是由陈述句转化而来时，用that引导，口语中往往省略； “She is a good girl,”the teacher tells us. →The teacher tells us _______ she is a good girl. 【注意】引导词that用于下列情况时不能省略； （1）当宾语从句的主语是that时； 例：He says that that is a useful book. （2）当从句前有插入语时； 例：It says, on the car, that it is made in China. （3）当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时； 例：I’m afraid that if you lost the book, you must pay for it. （4）当有两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可以省略外，其余从句中的that都不可以省略； 例：He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much. 2. 把一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，用whether 或if引导； 练： “Are you from Japan?” he asked me. →He asked me __________ I _______(be) from Japan. “Do you like watching TV?” he asked me. →He asked me__________ I ______(like) watching TV. 【注意】 a. 一般情况下，whether和if可以互换。但是以下三种情况只能用whether. ①当宾语从句中出现了 or not时  例：Let me know whether you can come or not. ②当在介词之后，做介词宾语时 例：I’m thinking of whether I should go fishing ./ It depends on whether it will be sunny tomorrow. ③当与不定式连用时 例：I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. / I’m not sure whether to play basketball or go home. b. if 在宾语从句中，意为“是否”，等同于whether； 在条件状语从句中，意为“如果”，时态遵循“主将从现”； 3、把特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，连接词就用原来的特殊疑问词，但一定要注意用陈述语序； 练：When did he leave for Japan? Could you tell me? → Could you tell me _______ he _______(leave) for Japan? Who is our English teacher ? Do you know? →Do you know_____our English teacher_____ 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语动词；把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时，要特别注意从句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序； 【注意】：将助动词did/do/does, will, be,情态动词提到主语前，则成为疑问语序，变成宾语从句后，要将疑问语序变为陈述语序，要将助动词去掉，情态动词回归到主语之后，动词之前； 练： What’s Kate’s e-mail address? Do you know? →Do you know ________ ________ email is? Where is he going?  I want to know. →I want to know where _______ _______ going? 二、典型例题 1. —Could you tell me____? —Talking about festivals. A. how they are playing    B. what they are doing    C. where they are going    D. why they are practicing. 2. If you can’t find the place, I will show you_____. A. what it is    B. what it was    C. where it is    D. where it was 3. —Can you tell me ______? —He lives in Shanghai. A. where Mark lives    B. where does Mark lives    C. where Mark lived    D. where did Mark lived 4. —Do you know_____? —Sure. On August 5th, 2016. A. when will the 31st Olympic Games open    B. where will the 31st Olympic Games open C. when the 31st Olympic Games will open    D. where the 31st Olympic Games will open 5. —Could you please tell me______. —At 8:00 pm. A. when will the train leave    B. when the train will leave C. where the train will go    D. where will the train go 6. —Could you tell me ______ at this time last weekend? —I was studying for the exams. A. what you were doing      B. what were you doing  C. how were you doing      D. how you were doing 7. —Can you tell me______ to London? —Sure. Next month. A. when you will travel    B. when will you travel    C. when you travelled      D. when did you travel 8.—Do you know_______? —For a month. A. how long will she be away      B. how long she will be away C. how often will she go there      D. how often she will go there 9. —I’d like to know______. —Maybe in the forest. A. whether we will go camping    B. where we will go camping C. whether we will go camping    D. where will we go camping 10. —I can’t decide______ on vacation. Any advice? —What about Hainan? It’s warm in winter.