Uncertainty Avoidance(不确定性规避)UncertaintyAvoidance(不确定性规避)AccordingtoHofstede(1998),uncertaintyavoidancereferstothelackoftoleranceforambiguityanduncertaintyandtheneedforformalrulesandhigh-levelorganizationalstructure.UncertaintyAvoidanceincludestwoforms:LowuncertaintyAvoidanceHighuncertain...
UncertaintyAvoidance(不确定性规避)AccordingtoHofstede(1998),uncertaintyavoidancereferstothelackoftoleranceforambiguityanduncertaintyandtheneedforformalrulesandhigh-levelorganizationalstructure.UncertaintyAvoidanceincludestwoforms:LowuncertaintyAvoidanceHighuncertaintyAvoidanceLowUncertaintyAvoidance低度不确定性规避Culturesoflowuncertaintyavoidancehavelessconcernaboutambiguityanduncertaintyandhavemoretoleranceforavarietyofopinions.(U.S.,Canada,GreatBritain…)HighUncertaintyAvoidance高度不确定性规避Culturesofhighuncertaintyavoidancehavealowtoleranceforuncertaintyandambiguity.(France,Japan…)1.Thereisastrongwinglingnesstolivedaybyday.2.Peoplehavelowlevelofstress.lowThereisgreateranxietyaboutthefuture.Peoplehavehighlevelofstress.highPeoplearemorerisk-taking.Onehopesforsuccess.lowPeoplearelessrisk-taking.Failureisfeared.high1.Superordinatesmaysay“Idon’tknow.”2.Lessformalorganizationalstructuresaredesired.lowSuperordinateshavealltheanswers.Formalorganizationalstructuresaredesired.highLowUncertaintyAvoidanceHighUncertaintyAvoidanceLessemotionalresistancetochangeMoreemotionalresistancetochangeLittleloyaltytoone’semployerMoreloyaltytoone’semployerInitiative)ofsubordinatesisencouragedInitiativeofsubordinatesisdiscouragedDifferencesaretoleratedDifferencesaredangerousSometimesrulescanbebroken.Rulescanbebroken.Somecharacteristicsofbusinessculture.lowhighhighlowlowhighTheScoreofUncertaintyAvoidanceIndex上中下(50,70)InfluenceEachcountryhaseachculture,wecannottreatanycountriesatthesameattitude.Inthebusiness,aAmericanclerkwillneverunderstandwhystaffshouldstayinthesamecompanyforallhis/herlife.Sotherewillbeconflictbetweenthembecausethatiscultureinfluencethatnoteveryculturecanbeadapttoanotherculture.Inaword,influenceisinevitable.
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