【新步步高】2017版高考英语外研版（全国）一轮复习 话题四 (一）文化艺术—真题精练

【新步步高】2017版高考英语外研版（全国）一轮复习 话题四 (一）文化艺术—真题精练 话题四 文化艺术 第一节 真题精练 5年真题拓展训练(1) 真题深度阅读训练 StepOne 真题体验(2015?全国??阅读理解C) SalvadorDali (1904,1989) wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirati onfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings， sculptures， drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces， mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL’EnigmesansFinfrom1938，worksonpaper， objects， andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist’sshowmanqualities. ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning， theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain. TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(无 限)(“Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge，contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus: amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhistheatre-museuminFiguer as，”explainsthePompidouCentre. Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作) withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid，Spain， andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg，Florida. 28(WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDaliaccordingtoParagraph1? A(Optimistic. B(Productive. C(Generous. D(Traditional. 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。短文首段介绍了艺术家Dali的作品。由“...with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings～sculptures～drawings and more.”一句可知～Dali的作品众多～是一个多产画家。故答案为B。 29(WhatisDali’sThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe? A(Oneofhismasterworks. B(Asuccessfulscreenadaptation. C(Anartisticcreationforthestage. D(OneofthebestTVprogrammes. 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段“...the visitor will find the best pieces～most importantly The Persistence of Memory.”可知～该作品在Dali的最佳作品中是最重要的～由此可知它是Dali的杰作之一。 30(HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali? A(Bypopularity. B(Byimportance. C(Bysizeandshape. D(Bytimeandsubject. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段末句“The exhibition follows a path of time and subject...”可知～Dali的作品是按时间和主题进行布展的。故选D。 31(Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto? A(Artworks. B(Projects. C(Donations. D(Documents. 答案 A 解析 词义猜测题。最后一段强调了对主要作品进行了精选(the fine selection of the major works)～又点明contributions来自其他机构～所以可推断出contributions应该属于works的范畴。故选项A正确。 StepTwo 信息句与长难句 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 1((28题信息 句)ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonali tywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings，sculptures，drawingsandmore. 分析:句子的主干为: ThePompidouCentreisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonality;介词短 语withanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings，sculptures，drawingsandmore在句中作状语，是一个with，宾语，宾补的复合结构。anexhibition在逻辑上和bring有主谓关系，因此用现在分词作宾补。 翻译:巴黎的蓬皮杜艺术中心正在用一个汇集了多达200多幅画、雕塑、绘画和更多展品的展览向这位艺术家和他的人格魅力 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示尊重和钦佩。 2((29题信息句)Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces，mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory. 分析:介词短语Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibition在句中作地点状语，句子的主干为:thevisitorwillfindthebestpieces。 翻译:在展览会上的作品和杰作中，游客会发现最好的作品，其中最重要的是“持久的记忆”这幅展品。 3((31题信息句)Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作) withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid，Spain，andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg，Florida. 分析:句子的主干为:Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdone，主干后面含有两个并列状语，inclosecollaborationwith...和withcontributionsfrom...。 翻译:那些精美的被挑选出的重要作品是通过与西班牙马德里的MuseoNacionalReinaSofia公司进行密切合作来完成的，也来自于其他机构的捐献，如佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的萨尔瓦多达利博物馆。 StepThree 深度阅读与拓展训练 ?.任务型阅读——篇章结构 ?.任务型阅读——判断正(T)误(F) 1(ThePersistenceofMemoryisconsideredasSalvadorDali’smostimportantwork.(T) 2(ThePompidouCentreshowedSalvadorDali’sworksonitsown.(F) 3(TheexhibitionhasnothingtodowithDali’spersonality.(F) StepFour 知识积累 1(showrespectfor对„„表示尊重;表示尊敬 2(onexhibition展览 3(mostimportantly最为重要的是;最重要的是 4(workon从事于„„;继续工作 5(outoffocus失焦;离焦;模糊;焦点没对准 6(incollaborationwith与„„合作 真题精选对应训练 (2015?重庆?阅读理解E) Thevaluesofartisticworks，accordingtoculturalrelativism(相对主义)， aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.Suchaview，however， failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies. HistoryhaswitnessedtheendlessproductionsofShakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls， asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries.Uniqueworksofthiskindaredifferentfromtoday’spopu larart， eveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.Theyhavesetthemselvesapartintheirtimelessappealandwillprobablybeenjoyedforcenturiesintothefuture. Ina1757essay，thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause “thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform(不变的) inhumannature，” thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.Worksofthistype，hebelieved， spoketodeepandunvaryingfeaturesofhumannatureandcouldcontinuetoexistovercenturies. Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart.Forexample， evolutionarypsychologyisbeingusedbyliteraryscholarstoexplainthelong-lastingthemesandplotdevicesinfiction.Thestructuresofmusicalpiecesarenowopentoexperimentalanalysisasneverbefore.Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreationbyagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist. 52(Accordingtothepassage，whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelativism? A(Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues. B(Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks. C(Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions. D(Itexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld. 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一句可知相对主义文化是地方社会和经济状况的反应。故选择C。 53(InParagraph2，theartistsarementionedinordertoshowthat. A(greatworksofartcangobeyondnationalboundaries B(historygivesartworksspecialappealtosetthemapart C(popularartsarehardlydistinguishablefromgreatarts D(greatartistsareskilledatcombiningvariouscultures 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段列举的三个例子可以看出艺术作品是没有国界的。故选择A。 54(AccordingtoHume，someworksofartcanexistforcenturiesbecause. A(theyareresultsofscientificstudy B(theyestablishsomegeneralprinciplesofart C(theyarecreatedbytheworld’sgreatestartists D(theyappealtounchangingfeaturesofhumannature 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据题干中的Hume可将答案锁定在第三段。该段主要引用哲学家大卫?休谟的话来说明艺术作品的价值所在。D项的unchanging features与本段最后一句中的unvarying features匹配～其中unchanging是unvarying的同义词。故选D项。 55(Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage? A(AreArtisticValuesUniversal? B(ArePopularArtsPermanent? C(IsHumanNatureUniform? D(IsCulturalRelativismScientific? 答案 A 解析 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了艺术作品是永恒受欢迎的～因此其价值也是共同的。 5年真题拓展训练(2) 真题深度阅读训练 StepOne 真题体验(2015?全国??阅读理解C) Morestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagapyear (间隔年)beforegoingtouniversity.Itusedtobecalledthe“yearoff”betweenschoolanduniversity.Thegap-yearphenomenonoriginated(起源) withthemonthsleftovertoOxbridgeapplicantsbetweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenextacademicyear. Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentryuntilnextyear， accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbytheUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService(UCAS)( Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear.TonyHigginsfromUCASsaidthatthestatisticsaregoodnewsforeveryoneinhighereducation. “Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith，andcomplete， theirchosencourse.Studentswhotakeagapyearareoftenmorematureandresponsible，”hesaid. Butnoteveryoneishappy.OwainJames，thepresidentoftheNationalUnionofStudents(NUS)， arguedthattheincreaseisevidenceofstudenthardship—youngpeoplearebeingforcedintoearningmoneybe forefinishingtheireducation.“Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversityupto,15,000indebt.Itisnotsurprisingthatmoreandmorestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneytosupporttheirstudyforthedegree.NUSstatisticsshowthatover40%ofstudentsareforcedtoworkduringtermtimeandthefigureincreasesto90%duringvacationperiods，”hesaid. 9.Whatdowelearnaboutthegapyearfromthetext? A(Itisflexibleinlength. B(Itisatimeforrelaxation. C(Itisincreasinglypopular. D(Itisrequiredbyuniversities. 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔 年)(..”和第三段中的“That is a record 14.7% increase...”可知间隔年越来越受学生们的欢迎～所 以选C项。 10.AccordingtoTonyHiggins，studentstakingagapyear. A(arebetterpreparedforcollegestudies B(knowalotmoreabouttheirfuturejobs C(aremorelikelytoleaveuniversityindebt D(haveabetterchancetoentertopuniversities 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Students who take a well?planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with～and complete～their chosen course...”可知～采用间隔年的学生对所选择的课程 更加满意～更可能完成所选课程～故A项正确。 11.HowdoesOwainJamesfeelaboutthegap-yearphenomenon? A(He’spuzzled. B(He’sworried. C(He’ssurprised. D(He’sannoyed. 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段的首句“But not everyone is happy.”和下文内容可推断～Owain James认为间隔年现象从一个侧面反映了目前大学生上学压力大、费用高的现状～因此他感到 担忧。 12.WhatwouldmoststudentsdoontheirvacationaccordingtoNUSstatistics? A(Attendadditionalcourses. B(Makeplansforthenewterm. C(Earnmoneyfortheireducation. D(Preparefortheirgraduatestudies. 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.”和最后一句可知～大多数学生会充分 利用间隔年打工挣钱攒学费。 StepTwo 信息句与长难句分析 1(Thegap-yearphenomenonoriginated(起源) withthemonthsleftovertoOxbridgeapplicantsbetweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenext academicyear. 分析:本句的主干为:Thegap-yearphenomenonoriginatedwiththemonths。过去分词leftover作后 置定语，修饰themonths。months与leftover在逻辑上存在着被动关系。 翻译:间隔年现象起源于牛津大学的申请人在十一月份入学考试和下一学年的开始之间的几 个月的时间差。 2(Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentr yuntilnextyear， accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbytheUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService (UCAS)( 分析:本句的主干为:25,310studentshaveputofftheirentry;who引导一个定语从句，修饰 25,310students;过去分词短语providedby...在句中作定语，修饰statistics，二者在逻辑上存在 被动关系。 翻译:大学和大学招生服务提供的大学入学统计数据表明，今年已有考入高等教育机构的25310名学生推迟了他们的入学， 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 在明年入校。 3((9题信息句)Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear. 分析:现在分词短语takingagapyear作后置定语，可以转换为定语从句:whotakeagapyear。 翻译:参加间隔年入学的学生人数增加了14.7%，这是一个创纪录的人数的增加。 4((10题信息句)Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith，andcomplete，theirchosencourse. 分析:whotakeawell-plannedyearout是一个定语从句，修饰先行词Students;过去分词chosen作定语，修饰course，course与动词choose在逻辑上是被动关系。并列连词and连接并列谓语。 翻译:采用间隔年的学生对所选择的课程更加满意，更可能完成所选课程。 StepThree 深度阅读与拓展训练 任务型阅读——篇章结构 StepFour 知识积累 1(everbefore以前 2(usedto过去常常 3(originatewith来自„„，源于„„ 4(putoff延期;脱去(衣、帽等) 5(accordingto根据 6(thenumberof„„的数量 7(besatisfiedwith满意 8(upto多达;直到;在于„„;能胜任 9(indebt欠债 10(increaseto增加到 真题精选对应训练 (2015?北京?阅读理解D) Technologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectseveryaspectoflife, mostlyforthebetter.However, socialchangesthatarebroughtaboutbynewtechnologyareoftenmistakenforachangeinattitudes. Anexampleathandistheinvolvementofparentsinthelivesoftheirchildrenwhoareattendingcollege.Surveys(调查) onthistopicsuggestthatparentstodaycontinuetobe“very”or“somewhat” overly-protectiveevenaftertheirchildrenmoveintocollegedormitories.Thesamesurveysalsoindicatethattherateofparentalinvolvementisgreatertodaythanitwasagenerationago.Thisisusuallyinterpretedasasignthattoday’sparentsaretryingtomanagetheirchildren’slivespastthepointwherethisbehaviorisappropria te. However, greaterparentalinvolvementdoesnotnecessarilyindicatethatparentsarefailingtoletgooftheir“adult”children. Inthecontext(背景) ofthisdiscussion, itseemsvaluabletofirstfindoutthecauseofchangeinthecaseofparents’involvementwiththeirgrownchild ren.Ifparentsofearliergenerationshadwantedtobeintouchwiththeircollege-agechildrenfrequently, wouldthishavebeenpossible? Probablynot.Ontheotherhand, doesthepossibilityoffrequentcommunicationtodaymeanthattheurgetodosowasn’tpresentagenerationa go? Manystudiesshowthatolderparents—today’sgrandparents—wouldhavecalledtheirchildrenmoreoften ifthemeansandcostofdoingsohadnotbeenabarrier. Furthermore, studiesshowthatfinancesarethemostfrequentsubjectofcommunicationbetweenparentsandtheircollegechildren.Thefactthatcollegestudentsarefinanciallydependentontheirparentsisnothingnew; norarerequestsformoremoneytobesentfromhome.Thisphenomenonisneithergoodnorbad; itisafactofcollegelife, todayandinthepast. Thankstotheadvancedtechnology, weliveinanageofbetteredcommunication.Thishasmanyimplicationswellbeyondtherolethatparentsseemtoplayinthelivesoftheirchildrenwhohaveleftforcollege.Butitisusefultobearinmindthatallsuchchangescomefromthetechnologyandnotsomeimagineddesirebyparentstokeeptheirchildrenundertheirwings. 67(Thesurveysinformusof. A(thedevelopmentoftechnology B(thechangesofadultchildren’sbehavior C(theparents’over-protectionoftheircollegechildren D(themeansandexpensesofstudents’communication 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“...parents today continue to be „very? or „somewhat? overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories.”可知调查表明现在的父 母在子女上大学之后仍然“非常”溺爱或“有点”过度保护子女。故选C。 68(Thewriterbelievesthat. A(parentstodayaremoreprotectivethanthoseinthepast B(thedisadvantagesofnewtechnologyoutweighitsadvantages C(technologyexplainsgreaterparentalinvolvementwiththeirchildren D(parents’changedattitudesleadtocollegechildren’sdelayedindependence 答案 C 解析 观点态度题。第三段作者指出调查的结果并不一定表明现在的家长对孩子不放手～接 下来的两段作者论述了出现这种结果的真正原因是科技的发展使得交流的手段更丰富～成本 更低廉,第四段最后一句“Many studies show that older parents—today?s grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.”以及 最后一段更是再一次强调了这种观点。故选C。 69(Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage? A(TechnologyorAttitude B(DependenceorIndependence C(FamilyInfluencesorSocialChanges D(CollegeManagementorCommunicationAdvancement 答案 A 解析 标题归纳题。由第一段第二句话得出～这种科技的改变容易被误认为是态度的改变～ 第二，五段具体讨论是科技还是态度的改变～第六段再次明确表示是科技的改变～由此可得 出A项“科技还是态度”作为文章题目最合适。 70(Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage? 答案 B 解析 文章结构题。分析全文可知第一段简单介绍、提出问题,第二段为第一个论点～指出父母在子女生活中参与度较高的现象,第三段是第二个论点～指出通过调查并不能推断出父母未能对子女放手,第四、五段为两个次论点～第一个次论点是科技的进步导致父母对子女生活更多的参与～第二个次论点是子女经济不独立导致父母对子女的生活更多的参与,最后一段 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 得出论点。故选B。 5年真题拓展训练(3) 真题深度阅读训练 StepOne 真题体验(2014?新课标全国??阅读理解C) Oneofthelatesttrends(趋势) inAmericanchildcareisChineseaupairs.AuPairinStamford，Conn.，forexample， sthasgotincreasingnumbersofrequestsforChineseaupairsfromzerotoaround4,000since2004.Andthat’rueallacrossthecountry. “IthoughtitwouldbeveryusefulforhimtolearnChineseatanearlyage，”JosephStocke，themanagingdirectorofacompany，saysofhis2-year-oldson.“Iwouldatleastliketogivehimthechancetousethelanguageinthefuture.”Afteronlysixmonthsofbeingcaredforbya25-year-oldwomanfromChina，theboycanalreadyunderstandbasicChinesedailyexpressions，hisdadsays. LiDrake，aChinesenativeraisingtwochildreninMinnesotawithanAmericanhusband，hadanotherreasonforlookingforanaupairfromChina:Shedidn’twantherchildrentomissoutontheirroots. “BecauseIamChinese，myhusbandandIwantedthechildrentokeepexposedto(接触) shesays. thelanguageandculture(文化)，” “Stayingwithanativespeakerisbetterforchildrenthansimplysittinginaclassroom，”saysSuzanneFlynn，aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren.“Butparentsmustunderstandthatjustoneyearwithanaupairisunlikelytoproducewonders.Completemast erydemandscontinuedlearninguntiltheageof10or12.” ThepopularityofaupairsfromChinahasbeenstrengthenedbytheincreasingnumbersofAmericanparentsw howanttheirchildrentolearnChinese.ItisexpectedthatAmericandemandforaupairswillcontinuetoriseint henextfewyears. 9(Whatdoestheterm“aupair”inthetextmean? A(Amotherraisingherchildrenonherown. B(Achildlearningaforeignlanguageathome. C(Aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren. D(Ayoungforeignwomantakingcareofchildren. 答案 D 解析 推理判断题。由第二段中约瑟夫请了一个25岁的中国女子照顾他两岁的儿子～以此给儿子创造学习汉语的机会～和第三段中一位华侨母亲也以这种方式教育自己的两个孩子～以及第四段中一位语言教授提到的“和说母语的人在一起学习语言比在教室好”等信息可知～aupair指的是负责照顾孩子的外国保姆。故选D项。 10(LiDrakehasherchildrenstudyChinesebecauseshewantsthem. A(toliveinChinasomeday B(tospeakthelanguageathome C(tocatchupwithotherchildren D(tolearnabouttheChineseculture 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。结合第三段的内容可知～她本是一名中国人～但还是请了一位说汉语的保姆来让孩子们学习汉语～再根据她所说的话可知～她这样做的目的是让孩子们接触中国的语言和文化～故选D项。 11(Whatcanweinferfromthetext? A(LearningChineseisbecomingpopularinAmerica. B(Educatedwomendobetterinlookingafterchildren. C(ChineseaupairsneedtoimprovetheirEnglishskills. D(Childrencanlearnaforeignlanguagewellinsixmonths. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。本文通过列举一些具体的例子～说明了美国的父母们正在兴起一种“aupair”热～即通过请说汉语的中国保姆来照顾自己的孩子～从而让孩子们有机会学习汉语。这说明了汉语在美国日益受到欢迎～因此选A项。 StepTwo 信息句与长难句分析 1((9题信息句)“Stayingwithanativespeakerisbetterforchildrenthansimplysittinginaclassroom，”saysSuzanneFlynn，aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren. 分析:动名词stayingwithanativespeaker作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数;aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren作SuzanneFlynn的同位语。 翻译:“和一个外国本地人呆在一起的儿童比简单地坐在教室里学习语言的儿童学起外语要好地多，”苏珊?弗林说，她是一位儿童语言教育方面的教授。 2((11题信息 句)ThepopularityofaupairsfromChinahasbeenstrengthenedbytheincreasingnumbersofAmericanparent swhowanttheirchildrentolearnChinese. 分析:介词短语ofaupairsfromChina作定语，修饰主语thepopularity;定语从句whowanttheirchildrentolearnChinese修饰先行词Americanparents。 翻译:越来越多的美国家长对中国保姆的普及起加强作用，她们希望自己的孩子学习中文。 StepThree 深度阅读与拓展训练 ?.任务型阅读——篇章结构 ?.任务型阅读——阅读表达 1(Inwhatwaydoestheauthorsupporthisidea? Bygivingthreeexamples. 2(InSuzanneFlynn’sview，whatageshouldparentshaveaupairsuntiltheirchildrengrowto? Theageof10or12. StepFour 知识积累 1(aupair以帮助做家务事等换取食宿的人 2(forexample例如 3(requestfor要求;对„„有请求 常务董事 4(managingdirector总经理， 5(atleast至少 6(inthefuture在将来 7(dailyexpressions日常用语 8(missouton错过机会;错失了„„ 9(beexposedto接触;暴露于 10(beunlikelyto不大可能;不再发生 真题精选对应训练 (2013?陕西?阅读理解D) About30yearsago，IleftCubafortheUnitedStateswithmyson.AftergettingsettledfinallyinBrunswick，NewJersey，Ienrolled(注册) mysoninkindergarten.Severalweekslater，myson’steacheraskedmetomeethimathisoffice. Intheteacher’soffice，anexchangeofgreetingswasfollowedbyhisquestions:“Isyoursonmentallyretarded(弱智的),Doeshesufferfromanykindofmentaldisability,” WashetalkingaboutmywonderfulScola,No，no，itcan’tbe.Whatahelpless，lonelymoment～ItoldhimthatScolawasaquiet，sweetlittleboy，instead.Iaskedhimwhyhewasaskingmeallthesequestions. Mysoncouldnotfollowtheteacher’sdirections，hetoldme，andthus，Scolawasdisruptingtheclass.Didn’theknowmysondidnotspeakEnglishyet? Hewasangry:“Whyhasn’tyoursonbeentaughttospeakEnglish,Don’tyouspeakEnglishathome,” No，Ididn’tspeakEnglishathome，Ireplied.IwassuremysonwouldlearnEnglishinacoupleofmonths，andIdidn’twanthimtoforgethisnativelanguage.Well，wronganswer～WhatkindofpersonwouldnotspeakinEnglishtohersonathomeandatalltimes,“Areyouoneofthosepeoplewhocometothiscountrytosavedollarsandsendthembacktotheircountry，neverwantingtobeapartofthissociety,” Needlesstosay，ItriedtotellhimIwasnotoneof“thosepeople.”Thenhetoldmethemeetingwasover，andIleft. AsIhadexpected，mysonlearnedtospeakEnglishfluentlybeforetheschoolyearwasover.Hewentontograduatefromcollegea ndgotajob，earningclosetosixfigures.Hetravelswidelyandleadsawell-adjusted，contentedlife.Andhehasbenefitedfrombeingbilingual(双语的)( Speakingmorethanonelanguageallowspeopletocommunicatewithothers;itteachespeopleaboutotherculturesandotherplaces—somethingverybasicandobviouslylackinginthe “educator”ImetinNewJersey. 57(Theteacheraskedtheauthortohisoffice. A(todiscussScola’sin-classperformance B(togetScolaenrolledinkindergarten C(tofindalanguagepartnerforScola D(toworkoutastudyplanforScola 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。由文章第二段可知老师叫作者去是讨论孩子在班级表现的问题。 58(Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disrupting”inParagraph4probablymean? A(Breaking. B(Following. C(Attending. D(Disturbing. 答案 D 解析 词义猜测题。由第四段大意可知～“我”的儿子不听老师的命令～thus(因此)～Scola是在扰乱(disrupting)课堂～即disturbing。break打碎,followtheclass听懂课堂内容,attendtheclass 上课。 59(Theauthor’sattitudetowardsbeingbilingualmaybestbedescribedas. A(critical B(casual C(positive D(passive 答案 C 解析 作者态度题。从文章最后一段可知作者的态度。critical批评的,casual漫不经心的,positive积极的～肯定的,passive被动的～消极的。 60(Thistextislikelytobeselectedfromabookof. A(medicine B(education C(geography D(history 答案 B 解析 文章出处题。文章最后一段点明主题。作者想通过自己的经历告诉读者:多学一门语言是有好处的～每个教育者都应该意识到这一点。5年真题拓展训练(4) 真题深度阅读训练 StepOne 真题体验(2013?新课标全国??阅读理解D) TheNationalGallery Description: TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon.It housesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th-centuryreligiousp aintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.Theoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthrough themainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquar ebyagroundfloorentrance. Layout: ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghouses13th-to15th-centurypaintings，andartistsincludeDuccio，Uccello，VanEyck，Lippi，Mantegna，BotticelliandMemling. ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintings，andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，TitianandVeronese. TheNorthWinghouses17th-centurypaintings，andartistsincludeCaravaggio，Rubens，Poussin，VanDyck，Velázquez，ClaudeandVermeer. TheEastWinghouses18th-toearly20th-centurypaintings，andartistsincludeCanaletto，Goya，Turner，Constable，RenoirandVanGogh. OpeningHours: TheGalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm(Fridays10amto9pm)andisfree，butchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions. GettingThere: Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross (2-minutewalk)，LeicesterSquare (3-minutewalk)，Embankment(7-minutewalk)，andPiccadillyCircus (8-minutewalk)( 68(Inwhichcentury’scollectioncanyouseereligiouspaintings? A(The13th. B(The17th. C(The18th. D(The20th. 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“...13th-centuryreligiouspaintings...”可知答案。 69(WhereareLeonardodaVinci’sworksshown? A(IntheEastWing. B(InthemainWestWing. C(IntheSainsburyWing. D(IntheNorthWing. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintings～andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci...”可知答案为B项。 70(WhichundergroundstationisclosesttotheNationalGallery? A(PiccadillyCircus. B(LeicesterSquare. C(Embankment. D(CharingCross. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段～比较A项PiccadillyCircus(8-minutewalk)～B项LeicesterSquare (3-minutewalk)～C项Embankment (7-minutewalk)和D项CharingCross (2-minutewalk)可知～到达NationalGallery所需时间由长到短依次排序为A>C>B>D～故正确答案为D项。 StepTwo 信息句与长难句分析 1((68题信息 句)TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondo n.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th-centuryreligio uspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh. 分析:第一句的主干为:TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseum;过去分词短语builtonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon在句中作定语，修饰theBritishnationalartmuseum，该名词和build在逻辑上是被动关系;现在分词短语 rangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh也作定语，修饰Europeanart，Europeanart在逻辑上和range存在着主动关系。 翻译:国家美术馆是建在伦敦特拉法加广场北部的英国国家艺术博物馆。它收藏了超过2300件的各式收藏品，藏品从13世纪的宗教绘画到雷诺阿和梵高为代表的更现代的绘画作品。 2((69题信息句)ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintings，andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，TitianandVeronese. 分析:连词and连接两个并列句;第二个句子的谓语是include，该动词后有8个名人的名字，作并列的宾语。 翻译:西翼的主部收藏了16世纪的作品，其作者包括LeonardodaVinci，Cranach，Michelangelo， Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，Titian以及Veronese。 StepThree 深度阅读与拓展训练 ?.任务型阅读——篇章结构 ?.任务型阅读——阅读表达 1(WhereareVanDyck’sworksshown? TheNorthWing. 2(WhenistheGalleryopenonFridays? From10amto9pm. 3(Victorisanartstudentwhoseclassalwaysendsat6:30intheevening， canhehavethechancetovisittheGalleryonworkdays? Yes，onFridays. StepFour 知识积累 1(range...from...包括从„„到„„ 2(layout布局; 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 3(house收藏;把„„储藏在内 4(include包含;包括;容纳 5(charge费用;收费 6(applyto适用于;应用于 7(everyday每天 8(undergroundstation地铁站 真题精选对应训练 (2015?福建?阅读理解A) Foodfestivalsaroundtheworld StiltonCheeseRolling MayDayisatraditionaldayforcelebrations， butthe2,000EnglishvillagersofStiltonmustbetheonlypeopleintheworldwhoincludecheeserollingintheir annualplans.Teamsoffour，dressedinavarietyofstrangeandfunnyclothes， rollacompletecheesealonga50-metrecourse.Ontheway，theymustnotkickorthrowtheircheese， orgointotheircompetitors’lane(赛 道)(CompetitionisfierceandthechiefprizeisacompleteStiltoncheeseweighingaboutfourkilos (disappointingly， butunderstandablythecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones)(Allthecompetitorsareservedwithbeerorportwine，thetraditionalaccompanimentforStiltoncheese. FieryFoodsFestival—TheHottestFestivalonEarth Everyyearmorethan10,000peopleheadforthecityofAlbuquerque， NewMexico.TheycomefromasfarawayasAustralia，theCaribbeanandChina， buttheyallshareacommonaddiction—foodthatisnotjustspicy(辛辣)， buthotenoughtomakeyourmouthburn， yourheadspinandyoureyeswater.TheirdestinationistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalwhichisheldoveraper iodofthreedayseveryMarch.Youmightliketotryachocolate-coveredhabaneropepper—officiallythehottestpepperintheworld—oranyoneofthethousandsofproductsthatareonshow.Butonething’sforsure—ify tlikethefeelingofaburningtongue，thisfestivalisn’tforyou! oudon’ LaTomatina—TheWorld’sBiggestFoodFight ? OnthelastWednesdayofeveryAugust，theSpanishtownofBun olhostsLaTomatina—theworld’slargestfoodfight.Aweek-longcelebrationleadsuptoanexcitingtomato battleasthehighlightoftheweek’sevents.Theearlymorningseesthearrivaloflargetruckswithtomatoes— officialfight-startersgetthingsgoingbycastingtomatoesatthecrowd. Thebattlelastslittlemorethanhalfanhour， inwhichtimearound50,000kilogramsoftomatoeshavebeenthrownatanyoneoranythingthatmoves，runs， orfightsback.Theneveryoneheadsdowntotherivertomakefriendsagain—andforamuch-neededwash! 56(IntheStiltoncheeserollingcompetition，competitorsoneachteammust. A(wearvariousformalclothes B(rollawoodencheeseintheirownlane C(kickorthrowtheircheese D(usearealcheeseweighingaboutfourkilos 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。由第一段第三句“On the way～they must not...go into their competitors? lane(赛道)(”和本段倒数第二句中的“...the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones...”可知答案 为B项。 57(WhereistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalheld? A(InNewMexico. B(IntheCaribbean. C(InAustralia. D(InChina. 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据题干中的Fiery Food and BBQ Festival可以定位到文章第二段。由第 二段中的“Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque～New Mexico.”和 “Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival...”可知答案为A项。 58(ThecelebrationofLaTomatinalasts. A(threedays B(sevendays C(lessthanthreedays D(morethansevendays 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。由题干中的La Tomatina可以定位到文章第三段。由第三段第二句中的“A week-long celebration...”可知～La Tomatina的庆祝持续一周。故答案为B项。 59(WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage? A(ThechiefprizefortheStiltoncheeserollingcompetitionisbeerorportwine. B(Morethan10,000ChinesetakepartintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival. C(ThousandsofspicyfoodsareonshowintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival. D(AnexcitingtomatobattletakesplaceatthebeginningofLaTomatina. 答案 C 解析 推理判断题。由第一段中的“...the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos...”可知A项错误,由第二段第一句可知B项中的Chinese错误,由第二段倒数第二 句中的“...or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.”可知C项正确,由第三段中的 “...an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week?s events.”可知D项中的at the beginning of错误。故答案为C项。 5年真题拓展训练(5) 真题深度阅读训练 StepOne 真题体验(2012?新课标全国?完形填空) Bodylanguageisthequiet，secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall～Itspeaks36thanwords.Accordingtospecialists，ourbodiessendoutmore37thanwerealize.Infact，non-verbalcommunication(非言语交 际)takesupabout50%ofwhatwereally38.Andbodylanguageisparticularly39whenweattempttocommuni cateacrosscultures(文化)(Indeed，whatiscalledbodylanguageisso40apartofusthatit’sactuallyoftenunnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsocc urasaresultofit.41，differentsocietiestreatthe42betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving43contact(接触)evenwithfriends，andcertainlynotwith44.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，45，toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore，it’spossiblethatin46，itmaylooklikeaLatinois47aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino，tryingtoexpressfriendship，willkeepmoving48.TheNorwegian，veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness，willkeep49—whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas50. Clearly，agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople51.Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhenpartiesarefro m52cultures，there’sastrongpossibilityof53.Butwhateverthesituation，thebest54istoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobe55. 36(A.straighter B(louder C(harder D(further 答案 B 解析 由首句“身体语言是所有语言中沉默、秘密而又最有力量的语言:”可知～本句应表达“身体语言比口头语言更有说服力”～所以选louder。 37(A.sounds B(invitations C(feelings D(messages 答案 D 解析 根据上文的“身体语言是最有力量的语言”可知～我们的身体传递出比我们意识到的更多的信息～所以messages符合句意。 38(A.hope B(receive C(discover D(mean 答案 D 解析 本句意为:实际上～非言语交际大约占我们所要表达的真正意思的50%。mean意思是～本意是。 39(A.immediate B(misleading C(important D(difficult 答案 C 解析 上文说到身体语言在交际中的作用～本句则说明身体语言在跨文化交流时的重要作用～所以使用important。 40(A.well B(far C(much D(long 答案 C 解析 本句意为:的确～我们所说的身体语言在我们的生活中占了如此大的比重～但实际上往往未被注意到。结合句意可知～四个选项中～只有much可跟“a，名词”连用合适。 41(A.Forexample B(Thus C(However D(Inshort 答案 A 解析 下文作者给出了一个实例来说明不同文化背景的人对于人们之间的距离有不同认识～所以此处使用forexample～意为“例如”。 42(A.trade B(distance C(connections D(greetings 答案 B 解析 下文举的例子与人们之间的距离有关～所以此处使用distance～表示“距离”。 43(A.eye B(verbal C(bodily D(telephone 答案 C 解析 由下文描述的挪威人不断地后退可知～北欧人不喜欢与其他人有身体上的(bodily)接触～所以C项正确。 44(A.strangers B(relatives C(neighbours D(enemies 答案 A 解析 与前面的evenwithfriends构成对比～此处应表示“陌生人”。 45(A.inotherwords B(ontheotherhand C(inasimilarway D(byallmeans 答案 B 解析 与北欧人的习俗构成对比～拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触～所以此处用ontheotherhand“另一方面”～表示转折。inotherwords换句话说,inasimilarway类似方式地,byallmeans当然可以。 46(A.trouble B(conversation C(silence D(experiment 答案 B 解析 由于习俗不同～所以挪威人与拉丁美洲人在谈话(conversation)时～就会出现拉丁美洲人追着挪威人说话的情形～故选B项。 47(A.disturbing B(helping C(guiding D(following 答案 D 解析 根据上题解析～拉丁美洲人追着挪威人～所以使用following。 48(A.closer B(faster C(in D(away 答案 A 解析 谈话过程中拉丁美洲人一直在靠近挪威人～所以使用closer。 49(A.steppingforward B(goingon C(backingaway D(comingout 答案 C 解析 挪威人由于不喜欢与别人靠得太近～所以只能不停地后退～故选C项。 50(A.weakness B(carelessness C(friendliness D(coldness 答案 D 解析 挪威人的后退在拉丁美洲人的眼中是一种冷漠(coldness)～所以D项正确。 51(A.talk B(travel C(laugh D(think 答案 A 解析 这一段是对上文的总结～在人们交谈(talk)时～有很多事情在发生着～所以A项正确。 52(A.different B(European C(Latino D(rich 答案 A 解析 根据上文的陈述～当来自不同文化的人聚会时～很有可能会产生误会。 53(A.curiosity B(excitement C(misunderstanding D(nervousness 答案 C 解析 文化背景的差异带来的应该是误解(misunderstanding)～所以C项正确。 54(A.chance B(time C(result D(advice 答案 D 解析 面对误解～作者给出的应是最好的建议～所以使用advice。 55(A.noticed B(treated C(respected D(pleased 答案 B 解析 treatothersasyouwouldliketobetreated是一个俗语。句意为:用你希望被别人对待你的方式去对待别人。所以使用treated。 StepTwo 深度阅读与拓展训练 ?.任务型阅读——篇章结构 ?.任务型阅读——写作训练 根据所读短文，写一篇有关Bodylanguage的文章。要点如下: 1(Bodylanguage的使用; 2(Bodylanguage的特点; 3(避免误解的途径。 参考范文 Whenwetalkwithothers，wemakeourselvesunderstoodnotonlybyourwordsbutalsobyourbodylanguage. Bodylanguageisquiet，secretbutpowerful，whichspeakslouderthanwords.Infact，ourbodiessendoutmoremessagesthanwerealize.Ontheotherhand，bodylanguageissoimportantwhenweattempttocommunicateacrossculturesthatmisunderstandingsoccur asaresultofit.Forexample，differentsocietiestreatthedistancebetweenpeopledifferently. Whentwopartiesarefromdifferentcultures，there’sastrongpossibilityofmisunderstanding.Butwhateverthesituationis，thebestadvicetoavoidmisunderstandingistoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobetreated. StepThree 知识积累 1(bodylanguage身体语言 2(accordingto根据;按照 3(sendout发出;放出;派遣 4(takeup占据;拿起;从事 5(attemptto尝试;企图做某事 6(occur发生 7(asaresultof...因此;由于;作为„„的结果 8(treat对待 9(ontheotherhand另一方面 10(inconversation在对话中;交谈中 11(looklike看起来像„„ 12(inreturn作为回报 13(regardas把„„当作 14(agreatdeal大量 15(goon继续;发生;过去 16(obeytherule遵守规则 真题精选对应训练 (2013?安徽?完形填空) Ifyouwanttolearnanewlanguage，theveryfirstthingtothinkaboutiswhy.Doyouneeditfora36reason，suchasyourjoboryourstudies,37perhapsyou’reinterestedinthe38，filmsormusicofadifferentcountryandyouknowhowmuchitwillhelptohavea39ofthelanguage. Mostpeoplelearnbestusingavarietyof40，buttraditionalclassesareanideal(理想的) startformanypeople.They41anenvironmentwhereyoucanpracticeunderthe42ofsomeonewho’sgoodatthelanguage.Wealllead43livesandlearningalanguagetakes44.Youwillhavemoresuccessifyoustudyregul arly，sotrytodevelopa45.Itdoesn’tmatterifyouhaven’tgotlong.Becomingfluentinalanguagewilltakeyears ，butlearningtogetbytakes46. Manypeoplestartlearningalanguageandsoongiveup.“I’mtoo47，”theysay.Yes，childrendolearnlanguagesmore48thanadults，butresearchhasshownthatyoucanlearnalanguageatany49.Andlearningisgoodforthehealthofyourbrain，too.I’vealsoheardpeople50aboutthemistakestheymakewhen51.Well，relaxandlaughaboutyourmistakes52you’remuchlesslikelytomakethemagain. Learninganewlanguageisnever53.Butwithsomeworkanddevotion，you’llmakeprogress.Andyou’llbe54bythepositivereactionofsomepeoplewhenyousayjustafewword sin55ownlanguage.Goodluck! 36(A.technical B(political C(practical D(physical 答案 C 解析 根据your job or your studies可知～需要学习语言是出于“实际～实用”。technical“技术的”,political“政治的”,physical“身体的”。 37(A.After B(So C(Though D(Or 答案 D 解析 or或者～表示“选择”关系。 38(A.literature B(transport C(agriculture D(medicine 答案 A 解析 根据film～music可知～语言与文学有关。 39(A.view B(knowledge C(form D(database 答案 B 解析 a knowledge of“(掌握)某一方面的知识”。句意为:掌握该语言对你的帮助有多大。 40(A.paintings B(regulations C(methods D(computers 答案 C 解析 句意为:使用多种多样的学习方法～人们能学得更好～但是传统的班级授课制对于许多初学者仍是最好的起点。根据traditional classes可知～该空应为“学习方式(方法)”。 41(A.protect B(change C(respect D(provide 答案 D 解析 句意为:班级授课提供了在擅长语言的人指导下进行练习的环境。protect“保护”,change“改变”,respect“尊重”,provide“提供”。 42(A.control B(command C(guidance D(pressure 答案 C 解析 under the guidance of“在……指导下”。control“控制”,command“命令”,pressure“压力”。 43(A.busy B(happy C(simple D(normal 答案 A 解析 句意为:我们人人过着忙碌的生活。busy“繁忙的”,happy“幸福的”,simple“简朴的”,normal“正常的”。 44(A.courage B(time C(energy D(place 答案 B 解析 learning a language takes time.学习语言需要时间～从下文take years可推知。 45(A.theory B(business C(routine D(project 答案 C 解析 句意为:如果你能定期学习～你将会取得更大的进步～所以你应努力养成一种习惯。 由regularly可推知。 46(A.somerisks B(alotless C(somenotes D(alotmore 答案 B 解析 句意为:语言说得流利会需要好几年的时间～但勉强将就则会需要少得多。根据but 可知。 47(A.old B(nervous C(weak D(tired 答案 A 解析 根据下文可知～该空应填入与“年龄”有关的词。 48(A.closely B(quickly C(privately D(quietly 答案 B 解析 句意为:孩子学习语言的确要比成年人快。closely“密切地”,quickly“快速地”, privately“单独地”,quietly“静静地”。 49(A.age B(speed C(distance D(school 答案 A 解析 句意为:但是研究表明～你在任何年龄都可以学习语言。age“年龄”,speed“速度”, distance“距离”,school“学校”。 50(A.worry B(hesitate C(think D(quarrel 答案 A 解析 worry about“担心”。 51(A.singing B(working C(bargaining D(learning 答案 D 解析 句意为:我也听说过人们担心他们在学习中犯错。 52(A.if B(and C(but D(before 答案 B 解析 句意为:放松并嘲笑自己的错误～你将会少犯这些错误。 53(A.tiresome B(hard C(interesting D(easy 答案 D 解析 句意为:学习一种新语言从不是轻松的。根据下文but可推知。 54(A.blamed B(amazed C(interrupted D(informed 答案 B 解析 句意为:在你能用别人的语言说出几个单词时～你将会对别人积极的回应感到惊讶。 blame“责备”,amaze“惊讶”,interrupt“打断”,inform“告知”。 55(A.their B(his C(our D(your 答案 A 解析 根据上文some people可推知。