2014年大学英语六级考试试题及答案解析(七十三)

大学英语六级考试试题及答案解析(七十三) 一、Writing （本大题1小题．每题106.0分，共106.0分。 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition . You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: ） 第1题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled A Job Application Letter. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1．在报纸上看到一家公司在招聘文秘的广告； 2．在 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达求职的意愿后，说明自己具备该职位要求的条件； 3．希望对方能给予面试的机会，并期盼回复。 【正确答案】：   A Job Application Letter    Dear Sir/Madam,      [1] I learned from  Guangzhou Daily on July 26 that your company is offering a position for a secretary, and [2] it's a great pleasure for me to write to explore the possibility of seeking the job.      [3] I graduated two years ago from Sun Yat-sen University and got Bachelor of Arts degree. During my four years on campus, I took pains to study my major and I participated in various extracurricular activities to apply theoretic knowledge into practice. [4] Upon graduation I worked in HP China as an assistant to the head of Marketing Department. [5] My responsibilities consisted of carrying out market surveys, writing reports and organizing meetings. This two-year experience has helped me a lot. [6] In particular, I have realized the importance of coordination and co-operation among co-workers.      [7] Enclosed please find my resume and some relevant documents as required. I hope you can give me a chance for interview and I am looking forward to your reply.                                                                         　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Sincerely,                                                              　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ada [1] [2] 开头说明获悉这个职位空缺的途径及写信的目的。    [3] 介绍自己能够胜任这个职位所具备的条件。    [4] Upon棚．结构，使句式多变。    [6] co-ordination，co-operation，co-workers语言形式对称。    [7] Enclosed意为“随信附上……”，为求职或商务书信中的常用词。   [本题分数]： 106.0 分 【答案解析】    [写作指南]    根据题目要求写一封求职信。这类实用文体的文章结构:      第一段写明获得招聘信息的来源，并表示对这份工作极大的兴趣。    第二段证明自己有能力胜任这个职位，一般叙述自己的资历、能力和能够胜任该职位所具备的条件。    最后提供一些必要的证明，并表达希望得到面试机会的恳切心情。    [句型变换]    [1] 1. I learned from Guangzhou Daily on July 26 that your company is offering a position for a secretary...    2. I read your ad in Guangzhou Daily July 26 that an opening for a secretary is offered...    3. I learned from Guangzhou Daily July 26 that there is a vacancy for a secretary in your company...    4. In reply to your advertisement in Guangzhou Daily July 26, I offer myself as a candidate for the position...    [2] 1. it's a great pleasure for me to write to explore the possibility of seeking the job.    2. I'm pleased to write to apply for the job.    3. I'm writing to explore the possibility of getting the job.    4. I would like to be considered as one of the potential candidates for this opening.    [4] 1. Upon graduation I worked in HP China as an assistant to the head of Marketing Department.    2. As soon as I graduated from university, I worked with HP China as an assistant to the head of Marketing Department.    3. Immediately after graduation, I started working in HP China as an assistant to the head of Marketing Department.    4. Upon graduation I got a job in HP China and worked as an assistant to the head of Marketing Department.    [5] 1. My responsibilities consisted Of carrying out market surveys, writing reports and organizing meetings.    2. My work was to draft market surveys and reports as well as organize meetings.    3. I was responsible to carry out market surveys, write reports and organize meetings.    4. I was assigned to do the job of carrying out markets surveys,  writing reports and organizing meetings. 二、Cloze（共20小题,共70.0分）There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 第1题 Rats that eat high levels of a natural sugar known as fructose (果糖) seem to age faster than other rats-and the same could be true for people who eat too much sweet (1) food, Israeli researchers said. Fructose, found (2) in honey and fruit, is used widely in foods (3) from soft drinks to yogurt. But (4) its sweet taste is popular, the sugar could cause wrinkles and health problems, the researchers said. Dr. Moshe Werman and Boaz Levi of the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (5) large amounts of fructose to laboratory rats. Writing in the Journal of Nutrition, they said the fructose-fed rats showed changes (6) the collagen (胶原质) of their skin and bones. Collagen, a fibrous protein found in connective tissue, bone and cartilage (软骨), basically holds the body together. The (7) of collagen is what causes sagging (松弛) and deep wrinkles in older people. The process affected, Werman's team said, is known as "cross linking". "Too much cross-linking reduces elasticity and makes the skin (8) and rigid, and these are the conditions that encourage wrinkled skin," Werman said in a statement. He said the same could be true of people, (9) this has not been shown. "Americans are eating more and more (10) foods such as carbonated drinks, baked goods, canned fruits jams and dairy products that (11) fructose," Werman said. Other studies have shown that (12) fructose intake can affect how the body (13) glucose(葡萄糖) and increases insulin(胰岛素) resistance-which can (14) be important measures of the (15) toward diabetes. The rats Werman worked (16) were fed much more than the (17) adult person might eat in a day, which is standard in such (18) The rats were fed 12.5 grams of fructose per kg (2.2 pounds) of weight every day for a year. To (19) , a person weighing 154 pounds (70kg) who drinks a quart (liter) of cola (20) about 60 grams of fructose, or 0.8 grams per kg of body weight. A junk B garbage C diet D healthy 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 语义逻辑及固定搭配题。根据首句中的age faster和此空前的too much可以判断此处的形容词为贬义，而junk food为固定搭配，表示“垃圾食品”。garbage有“垃圾”的意思，但不修饰food，单独使用时指“食物残渣”，但与文意不符。diet dood指无糖食品，与上下文中的sweet和。fructose矛盾；healthy“有益健康的”，为褒义词，而此处需要一个贬义词，因此不符。 第2题 A initially B naturally C artificially D skeptically 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 词义辨析。此句主语fructose为“果糖”，当然应该是“自然地(naturally)”在fruit中被发现。其实文章首句中已经有此题答案的同根词natural，可以利用“同现法”很方便地作答。initially“最初”看似可以跟found搭配，但上下文没有时间顺序；artificially“人工地”与文意正好相反；skeptically“怀疑地”，与文意无关。 第3题 A altering B converting C ranging D varying 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 近义词辨析题。根据from…to…后面涉及的食品类型范畴可以判断选ranging。alter和vary也都可以与from A to B搭配，但是它们分别表示“从A变成了B”和“在A与B之间呈现不同”，而非表现范围；而convert与into搭配，表示“转换成”。 第4题 A since B as C when D while 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 语义逻辑题。根据逗号前后的语义，分句间应该是转折关系，故选while“尽管”引导让步状语从句。since和as可以引导原因状语从句；as和when可以引导时间状语从句。 第5题 A fed B raised C bred D cultivated 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 近义词辨析及固定搭配题。此处的语义应该是“给实验鼠喂食大量的果糖”，fed的用法正好是feed sth.to…。下文的fructose-fed rats也对此题有提示作用。raise“饲养”，breed“使繁殖”，cultivate“培养”均直接以其对象为宾语。 第6题 A through B of C in D to 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 表示某方面的“变化”，change后面接in，是固定搭配。 第7题 A mass B loss C collapse D eclipse 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 词义辨析。根据前一句中collagen(胶原质)holds the body together的作用，及此空后面导致“松弛”和“皱纹”之间的对比，可知loss为最佳选择。mass“块，大多数”，collapse“倒塌；虚脱”，eclipse“衰落”，均与collagen无关。 第8题 A flexible B tender C smooth D stiff 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 词义辨析兼语义逻辑题。此处需要一个与rigid“刚硬的”语义并列的贬义形容词，故只能选stiff“僵硬的”。flexible“柔软的”，tender“嫩的”，smooth“平滑的”，均与rigid语义相反。 第9题 A although B if C even D provided 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 语义逻辑题。could be true和not been shown之间应该是让步关系，故选although。if表示假设；even表示递进；provided表示条件。 第10题 A proclaimed B preoccupied C processed D proposed 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 固定搭配题。根据such as后面的例子，此处的食品应该是“加工过的食品(如经过杀菌处理等)”，故选processed“加工过的”。其他三个词均不能与food搭配。 第11题 A compose B constitute C consist D contain 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 近义词辨析题。此处的动词应该是“含有”的意思，故选contain。compose和constitute后面直接接宾语时，宾语为整体，主语为构成成分；consist后要接of再接宾语。 第12题 A high B low C timely D delayed 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 语义逻辑题。根据前文，已知此文侧重的是fructose的不良作用，此处应该是说摄入量多的后果，故选high。timely“及时的”，与上下文语义矛盾。 第13题 A copes B handles C settles D resolves 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 近义词辨析题。此处指身体如何“处理”摄入的glucose(葡萄糖)，故选handles。cope后接with才能接宾语；settle“解决”的宾语一般是“问题”；resolve作及物动词表示“消除”疑虑等、“解决”问题等，表示“溶解”时为不及物动词。 第14题 A either B never C both D all 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 语义逻辑题。此处指的是破折号前面的“葡萄糖的代谢”和“对胰岛素的抵抗力”两种特征，故选both。既要注意定语从句中关系代词的所指，又要注意是肯定还是否定语气。 第15题 A trend B fashion C inclination D tendency 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 近义词辨析及固定搭配题。根据与toward的搭配，可以排除fashion。trend常指普遍的或流行的方向，尤指在某一特定领域的，inclination指去做更喜爱或爱好某事更甚于另一事的特殊意向的一种倾向，而tendency多指思想、行为、变化的一种倾向，故可作为此题答案。 第16题 A with B for C out D at 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 短语辨析。此处Werman worked修饰rats，说明老鼠是“用来”研究的，选with。work for“为……工作”；work out“设计出，计算出，消耗完”；work at(a new invention)“从事”(一项新的发明)。 第17题 A traditional B average C conservative D greedy 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 词汇辨义题。此处用某种成年人一天能摄入的果糖量作为衡量尺度，最佳选择无疑是average“一般的”。traditional“传统的”，conservative“保守的”和greedy“贪吃的”都不是答案。 第18题 A occasions B fantasies C experiments D dilemmas 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 语义及固定搭配题。本文介绍了以老鼠为对象的实验，故experiments为此题最佳答案。occasion“场合，时机。机会”与on搭配；fantasy“幻想”和dilemma“进退两难的局面，困难的选择”与上下文语义不符。 第19题 A impact B conclude C imagine D compare 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 语义逻辑题。此处是将前后两句中的数据进行对比，选compare。虽然to conclude是在文章结尾处常出现的短语，但本文最后一句并非总结，故不选B。 第20题 A consumes B produces C transforms D sustains 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：3.5分 【答案解析】 词义辨析。此处的动词意思应该是“摄入、消耗”，选consumes。produce“生产”，transform“转换”，sustain“支撑，维持”，均不符合句意。 三、Listening Comprehension（Section A）（共15小题,共105.0分）In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 第1题 A He came a long way to meet the woman. B He showed her to where she was looking for. C He took her to visit an interesting community. D He gave her advice to overcome the difficulty. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] W: I really appreciate your help．Without your direction．I may have got lost in this community．It is so out of the way． M: It was my pleasure to be of help in some way．Good day．madam． Q: What did the man do? [解析] 女士感谢男士为她指路，不然她就在这个偏僻的街区迷路了，故B为答案。out of the way意思是“偏僻”。 [点睛] 选项预测: 问题与He的行为有关。A中的way，C中的community,和D中的out of都是原文出现过的字眼。利用短对话“听到什么就不选什么”的原则，即可得出答案B。 第2题 A The woman is being interviewed by a reporter. B The woman is applying for a job. C The woman is asking tor a promotion. D The woman is being given an examination. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: Now，I'm going to start off by asking you a difficult question．Why would you like to get this post? W: Well，first of a11 I know that your firm has a very good reputation．Then I've heard you offer good opportunities for promotion for the fight person． Q: What do we know from the conversation? [解析] 男士问女士为什么想得到这个职位，女士说对方公司声望高、有提升的机会等，说明她在找工作，而非要求提升。所以B正确。 [点睛] 根据选项可以预测考查的信息点是女士在做什么。interview有“采访、面试”的意思；但是此处不是在接受记者(reporter)的采访，故A不是答案。 第3题 A Not to subscribe to the journal. B To buy the latest issue of the journal. C Not to miss any brilliant papers. D To photocopy the papers in the journal. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: I'm thinking about subscribing to the biology journal．It seems to have lots of brilliant papers．I really need to read those Papers before I write my own paper． W: The online database has all these papers and it's free． Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? [解析] 女士提醒男士，网络数据库里有很多论文，而且免费。言下之意，不需要花钱去订阅期刊了。所以A为答案。 [点睛] 从选项可猜到对话与学术期刊和论文有关。男士就征订期刊征求女士的意见，女士没有直接给予回答，而是另起话题，凡是不直接回答、顾左右而言他的一般是持否定的态度而采用委婉说法。 第4题 A Cindy will have a cup of coffee with the man later. B Cindy has to work overtime at her office tonight. C Cindy doesn't like coffee at all. D Cindy is leaving the office soon. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: Long time no see!How are you doing，Cindy?Why not go and have a cup of coffee with me downstairs? W: Oh，I'd love to，but I have thousands of things on the to-do list，and I don't know when I can leave the office tonight． Q: What do we learn from the conversation? [解析] 男士请女士喝咖啡，女士说自己还有很多事情要做，不知道今天晚上几点能离开办公室，也就是说要加班。所以选B。 [点睛] 从选项可猜到问题与Cindy的行为动作有关。“中but”题型，出现了but，说明女士婉转拒绝男士的邀请，其后的内容要留意听。 第5题 A No medicine could solve the woman's problem. B The woman should eat less to lose some weight. C Nothing could help the woman if she ate too little. D The woman should choose the right foods to eat. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: What did your doctor prescribe for you? W: Well，he said there was no need for me to take any medicine if I ate well-balanced meals． Q: What did the doctor mean? [解析] 医生说饮食平衡的话就不需要吃药，所以女士应该选择合适的食品，即D。 [点睛] 根据选项可以预测信息点是女士的问题应该如何解决。假设条件句if后面的内容往往就是出题点。 第6题 A He thought she should make a phone if anything went wrong. B He thought she should just wait for someone's help. C He was afraid something would go wrong with her car. D He promised to give her help himself. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] W: Could you tell me what I should do if my car breaks down? M: Well，I'm sure you won't have any trouble，Mrs. Smith，but if something should happen，just call this number．They'll see that you get help． Q: What does the man really mean? [解析] 男士给女士一个电话号码，说可以打电话寻求帮助。所以选择A。 [点睛] 根据选项可以预测问题是(男士建议或答应)女士出了问题怎么办。捕捉虚拟语气和祈使句是本题解题关键。D选项干扰性较大，男士给女士一个号码，但是又补充了一句，说“他们会帮助你”的，说明电话号码并非男士自己的，也就是说提供帮助的人并不是男士。 第7题 A He didn't like it at all. B He didn't think mneh of it. C He liked some part of it. D He enjoyed it as a whole. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] W: Tom，I heard that you bought Justin's latest album．Can you tell me which song interested you most? M: Well，nothing specific．But I like it overall． Q: What did the man think of the album? [解析] 男士说对Justin最新专辑没有具体喜爱的歌曲，总体而言都喜欢。故答案为D。 [点睛] 从选项可知，问题问的是男士对某物的看法。本对话充分体现“尾重原则”，只要抓住了对话的尾巴就可解题。把语义重心放在末尾是对话的规律之一，在6级听力题中出现频率颇高。且But后面的内容是答题关键。 第8题 A He has too many dreams. B He just likes to sleep. C He doesn't put his ideas into practice. D He doesn't have many good ideas. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: You call Henry a dreamer，but I think he's got a lot of good ideas． W: Good ideas are only useful if you make something out of them． Q: What does the woman think about Henry? [解析] 女士说，好想法只有产生成效才有用，即空想没有意义，所以她认为Henry是个空想家。C正确。 [点睛] 根据选项可以预测问题是对男士的评价。正确理解特殊语意的搭配only…if…，就可以推断出真正的话语含义。从选项上 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 ，听到dreamer和ideas就知道不是说真正的“睡觉”，可以排除A和B；D选项与男士的最后一句话的意思相反，仔细听女士是否同意男士的话，即可作答。 第9题 According to the conversation．what does sue-cess with the customer services mean? A Providing high-quality products for customers. B Providing good services for customers. C Doing everything you can to please and keep customers. D Establishing dialogues with the customers. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] 19-21 W: I know your company was one of the biggest American corporations to take the idea of customer services seriously... M: Yes, urn, I think you can say we were among the pioneers. W: So, with the experience of many years of trying to get it right, what would you define as the most important elements in providing successful customer services? M: Mm... well, that's quite a difficult question, because so many factors are absolutely vital if you want to succeed, and success with the customer services, I might add, means doing everything you possibly can to please and keep customers. W: Does that include the old idea that, for a company, the customer is always right? M: Not exactly. The slogan that the customer is always right is rather simple, and unrealistic. I would say that, instead, the most important aim of a customer services unit is to encourage communication with customers, to actively seek feedback, including complaints, and to acknowledge all comments, good and bad, from customers because people like to be treated with respect. W: Then what do you think are the most important factors for a company's success? M: It seems to me that a company's success, in terms of good reputation and high profits, depends more on the relationship the company establishes with the customers. That relationship involves the company in consistently providing high-quality products and top-quality services. W: So what you're saying is, in fact, very simply--basically, keeping customers happy depends on providing quality and encouraging communication. M: Yes, but the essential factor is communication. A successful customer dervices unit is one that acts as a link between the company and the customer to ensure that the company can respond to the needs of the customer. After all, a company's success can only come from a satisfied customer. [解析] 男士说，成功的客户服务意思就是极尽所能去取悦顾客，留住顾客。所以C正确。 [点睛] 动名词选项，内容上涉及为客户提供产品、服务并建立良好关系等，猜测本题与客户服务的内容有关。“听到什么选什么”，c是原文的重复再现。 第10题 What do a company's good reputation and high profits depend 0n according to the conversation? A The relationship the company establishes with its customers. B Legal responsibilities shared by the company and its customers. C Responding to the customers' complaints. D Seeking the customers' feedback actively. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 男士说，一个公司的成功，在声誉和高利润方面，更多地取决于公司和客户建立的关系。所以A正确。 [点睛] B文中没有提及；C、D的信息在原文是并列出现的，如果C正确，那么D也正确，一道题不应有两个答案，因此可排除。 第11题 What can be said to be the function of the customer services unit? A A bridge between the company and its customers. B A way of supervising the company's business. C A way to deal with customers' after-sales services. D A way to deal with customers' complaints and refunds. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 男士说，一个成功的客服部起着连接公司和客户的作用。所以A正确。 [点睛] 名词选项，“一种……的方式”，说明某种功用，并与公司、客户、业务等相关。结合本对话的主题，猜测本题问客服部的功能。选项用bridge解释男士所说的link。 第12题 What problem does the woman have? A She doesn't want to pay the late fee. B She was given incorrect information. C She can't afford to pay her tuition. D She didn't pass her mathematics course. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] 22-25 W: I want to register for this mathematics course. M: I'm sorry registration has closed. W: Closed? But the clerk told me I could come back and register any time during the first week of classes. M: Well, that's not possible. The computer's official student account has already been sent to the state. And that's what our budget is based on. Who told you that anyway? W: Some woman here when I tried to register three weeks ago. She said I just had to pay a late fee. M: She must have been a temporary worker. They don't have much training. Why didn't you register then? W: She said I couldn't until I had my birth certificate. Here it is. M: Your birth certificate? W: Well I'm a new part-time student. So she asks for identification. I don't drive so I don't have a driver's license. M: Huh. That's no reason to demand a birth certificate. We only need to establish residency: a phone bill with your name and address on it would've been fine. W: Really? Only proof of my address? M: Yes. I'm afraid she gave you the wrong information. Still you'll have to wait and take your math's class next semester. W: But that's unfair. M: Well, I sympathize with your problem, but frankly, I don't think there is anything anyone can do for you. You were trapped in the system. If you want to, you can talk to the director. She will help you if she can. W: Great. M: But don't get your hopes up. [解析] 女士说: “结束了?但是那个工作人员告诉我可以在开学第一周的任何时候来注册的。”可知别人告诉了她错误的信息。所以答案为B。 [点睛] 所有选项主语都是she，内容都是说她的问题。另外，在对话中男士也提到告诉女士信息的人应该是位临时工，提供了错误信息。 第13题 Why does the woman have to come to the office for a second time? A The office was closed the first time she went there. B The computer was out of service at that time. C She didn't have acceptable identification on her first visit. D She failed to meet the director on her first visit. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 女士说: “她告诉我必须有出生证才能够注册。这就是我的出生证。”所以C正确。 [点睛] 选项A、C、D都有first，而所有选项的主语虽不同，内容却均表示她第一次没有做成某事的原因，故题目应是询问原因。听到男士问“你那个时候为什么不注册呢?”就要特别注意女士的回答。 第14题 According to the man，what evidence does the woman need to provide? A Her prior schooling. B Her age. C Her residence. D Her driving record. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 男士说: “我们只需要登记住址: 有姓名和住址的电话账单就可以了。”故答案为C。 [点睛] 所有选项都很简短，表面提供不了多少信息。不过所有选项却都和女士的履历相关。长对话听力听到什么选什么。 第15题 What does the man imply when he tells the woman not to get her hopes up? A The director probably isn't able to make an exception. B The director probably won't see her. C The director usually isn't very helpful. D The director usually isn't responsible for part-time students. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 男士说“如果你愿意，你可以找校长谈一下。如果她能的话她会帮忙的。”后来又说“不过不要抱太大的希望。”所以A正确。 [点睛] 所有选项内容都表示the director。不做某事，都是负面的信息。But后面的内容是答题重点，暗示了校长大概也帮不上忙。 四、Reading Comprehension（共10小题,共90.0分）There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 第1题 If you go down to the woods today, you may meet high-tech trees-genetically modified to speed their growth or improve the quality of their wood. Genetically-engineered food crops have become increasingly common, albeit controversial, over the past ten years. But genetic engineering of trees has lagged behind. Part of the reason is technical. Understanding, and then altering, the genes of a big pine tree are more complex than creating a better tomato. While tomatoes sprout happily, and rapidly, in the laboratory, growing a whole tree from a single, genetically altered cell in a test tube is a tricky process that takes years, not months. Moreover, little is known about tree genes. Some trees, such as pine trees, have a lot of DNA-roughly ten times as much as human. And, where- as the Human Genome Project is more than halfway through its task of isolating and sequencing the estimated 100,000 genes in human cells, similar efforts to analyze tree genes are still just saplings (幼苗). Given the large number of tree genes and the little that is known about them, tree engineers are starting with a search for genetic "markers". The first step is to isolate DNA from trees with desirable properties such as insect resistance. The next step is to find stretches of DNA that show the presence of a particular gene. Then, when you mate two trees with different desirable properties, it is simple to check which offspring contain them all by looking for the genetic markers. Henry Amerson, at North Carolina State University, is using genetic markers to breed fungal resistance into southern pines. Billions of these are grown across America for pulp (纸浆) and paper, and outbreaks of disease are expensive. But not all individual trees are susceptible. Dr. Amerson's group has found markers that distinguish fungus-resistant stock from disease-prone trees. Using traditional breeding techniques, they are introducing the resistance genes into pines on test sites in America. Using genetic markers speeds up old-fashioned breeding methods because you no longer have to wait for the tree to grow up to see if it has the desired traits. But it is more a sophisticated form of selective breeding. Now, however, interest in genetic tinkering (基因修补) is also gaining ground. To this end, Dr. Amerson and his colleagues are taking part in the Pine Gene Discovery Project, an initiative to identify and sequence the 50,000-odd genes in the pine tree's genome. Knowing which gene does what should make it easier to know what to alter. Compared with genetic engineering of food crops, genetic engineering of trees______. A began much later B has developed more slowly C is less useful D is less controversial 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 本文并没有提到树木基因改良技术从什么时候开始，所以有可能树木的基因改良技术和别的基旧改良技术在开始的时间上相差不大，但在所取得的成果方面却有很大的差别，因此，本题关键在于理解首段末句中的lag behind指的是程度上的落后，而非时间上的落后，故B正确。 [点睛] A不是对lag behind的正确理解；作者没有比较树木的基因改良技术和粮食作物的基因改良技术哪个更有用，哪个更具争议性，C、D均无原文依据。 第2题 What does the author think about the genetic engineering of pine trees? A Time-consuming. B Worthwhile. C Significant. D Technically impossible. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 原文该句中的that takes years表明研究树木的基因改造技术将花费很长时间，因此A为本题答案。 [点睛] 原文没有就B、C两方面做出讨论，因此不能推断出这两个选项；虽然第2段首句提到technical一词，但文章表明树木基因改造技术是可行的，只是会花费较多的时间，因此D也不正确。 第3题 What can we learn about the research on tree genes? A The research methods are the same as the analysis of human genes. B The findings are expected to be as fruitful as the analysis of human genes. C It will take as much time and effort as the analysis of human genes. D The research has been mainly concentrated on the genes of young trees. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 原文该句中的similar efforts指的就是task of isolating and sequencing，即分析基因的常用方法，该句表明人类基因和树种基因的分析方法相同，但进展有差别，因此A为正确的推断。 [点睛] 原文没有提及树种基因的研究是否会如人类基因的研究那样有丰硕的成果，因此B没有原文依据；第2段第3句已经表明树种基因的研究将花费很长的时间，比人类基因的研究更长，因此C中的as much time与原文内容不符: 第2段末的saplings虽然是“小树苗”的意思，但是在该句中，saplings用作比喻树种基因研究只处于初级阶段，并非真的是young trees的意思，D只是从字面上理解saplings一词，不正确。 第4题 It is discovered by Henry Amerson's team that ______. A southern pines cannot resist fungus B all southern pines are not susceptible C the genetic marker in southern pines was the easiest to identify D fungus-resistant genes came originally from outside the U.S.A. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] B是一个半否定的句式，因此本题关键在于理解B的All…are not…结构在意义上等同于第3段倒数第3句的not a11…are…。 [点睛] 第3段倒数第2句中的。fungus-resistant stock指的是南方松树中能抗真菌的树种。并非别的与南方松树毫不相关的树种，因此A的说法不正确；C中的easiest to identify没有原文依据；该段末句表明这种抗病基因将用于美国的试验场，但从该句并不能推断这种抗病基因来自美国以外的地区，因此D不正确。 第5题 What is the primary objective of carrying out the Pine Gene Discovery Project? A To speed up old-fashioned breeding methods. B To identify all the genes in the pine tree's genome. C To find out what desired traits the pine trees have. D To make it easier to know which gene needs altering. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 末段倒数第2句中的an initiative…是the Pine Gene Discovery Project的同位语，表明开展该计划的目的，因此B为本题答案。 [点睛] 其他选项都是在完成该计划后能够达成的工作，它们都要以松树基因的排列组合为基础，因此，这些选项都不是primary objective，而是在实现了primary objective之后继续进行的工作。 第6题 In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they're looking for. Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. "Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier," says senior analyst Blanc Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private intranet. Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to "pull" customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers' computer monitors. Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offering, or other events. But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. Once commer-cial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the distinction between the Web and television fades. That's a prospect that horrifies Net purists. But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort to push strategies to make money. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon.com, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge. What do we learn about the present web business? A Web business is no longer in fashion. B Business-to-business sales are the trend. C Web business is prosperous in the consumer market. D Many companies still lack confidence in web business. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 第2段开头的nonetheless表明与首段提到的内容有转折关系，而D与该句内容相同，为本题答案。 [点睛] 首段第2句中的more than a fashion表明web business仍然时髦，因此A不正确；首段末句表明business-to-business sale行得通，但没有指出这个就是“trend”，因此B不正确；C符合首段首句描述的情况，但那是网上交易第一年的情况，现在可能已不是这样了，因此C是不合题意的。 第7题 Established business partners are preferred in web business because ______. A they are more creditable than others B they specify the products they want C they have access to the company's private intranet D they are capable of conducting online transactions 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 第2段第2句中的trust表明选择固定交易伙伴就是因为可信任，选A。 [点睛] B与首段末句的内容相近，但与第2段末句(即题干的内容)无关，故不对；C最具干扰性，事实上，如果要进入交易伙伴的内部网，首要的条件还是“trust”，故C并非选择与固定客户网上交易的直接原因；同样，D也不是关键所在。 第8题 Pointcast Network is most probably ______. A a company that develops the latest push software B a tool that promotes a company's online marketing C the first company that used an online push software D the most popular software that helps a company push 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 原文第4句开头的Most notably表明该句提及的Pointcast Network是说明上一句观点的例子，由此可见，Pointcast Network应为一家开发软件的公司，因此A为本题答案。 [点睛] 第4句中的screen saver才是软件公司开发的“工具”或“软件”，B、D均错；原文这两句的话题都是软件公司，并非使用该软件的公司，C无原文依据。 第9题 Net purists are most worried that______. A only the requested information comes to the screen B the Net is filled with commercial promotion C the difference between the Web and TV will fade D push technology will dominate the screen 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 末句开头的That's a prospect表明前两句的内容就是使网络净化者觉得担忧的问题，这两句的重点是: 网络信息不应像电视那样不请自来，即网络净化者最担心的是以后电脑屏幕会被不请自来的信息占据，选D。 [点睛] A是网络净化者想要的，并非他们所担忧的，因此不是本题答案；原文此处关注的是商业广告可能占领“电脑屏幕”，与net(网络)关系不大，因此B不正确；C最具干扰性，事实上，网络净化者关注的并非电脑和电视之间的区别，比较电脑和电视只是为了说明他们担心将来电脑屏幕会被商业广告占领，故C不正确。 第10题 What can be inferred about Amazon.com? A Its success is attributed to push strategies. B It is prosperous without push strategies. C It is highly concerned about the cost of computing power. D It is a good example of the flourishing online business. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 末段首句中的hardly inevitable(不是不可避免)是一个双重否定结构，表明有些公司可以不使用“推销”策略也可取得成功，第2句以Amazon.com为例子说明这个观点，由此可见，B为正确的说法。 [点睛] A与B相反，是没能理解hardly inevitable的结果；C在末段第3旬提及，但与Amazon.com无关；Anlazon.com在现实中的确是一个成功的online business，但文中并未提到此观点，举这个例子也不是为了说明这一点，故D错。 五、Listening Comprehension（Section B）（共10小题,共70.0分） In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 第1题 According to the speaker，what is the evolution of London's public transport? A From tram to trolleybus to Routemaster. B From trolleybus to Routemaster to red bus. C From trolleybus to Routemaster to modern bus. D From Routemaster to trolley to modern bus. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] 26-28 Today is a rather sad day for one of the London's old friends. The famous red London bus, officially called The Routemaster, is being replaced by modem buses. Like Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and the red telephone box, the red bus has listed one of these heritages. They first arrived on London's streets in 1959 to replace the trolleybuses, which were powered like a tram by overhead electric cables. In fact, my father used to drive trolleybuses and went on to drive the new red bus when they arrived almost 50 years ago. Later on, it was always a special treat for me to go to work with my dad to see all the sights of London. And it became such a star that it was even featured in Britain's first Elvis Presley type film Summer Holiday starring Cliff Richard. But some people aren't sad to see the back of the famous red bus. They believe Routemasters are no longer a suitable form of transport for London. 10% of Londoners can't even get onto it, older people, disabled people, people with buggies. It's a real, real problem. The hop on, hop off platform at the back of the Routemaster bus makes it a convenient form of transport for passengers. But sadly, such features also make the bus dangerous. As some research shows, people are 5 times more likely to have an accident on a Routemaster than on any other sort of bus. After today, we can see only a few Routemasters on the Heritage Routes, special journeys that will mostly be taken by tourists. [解析] 短文说，在50年前，Routemaster，也就是red bus，取代了无轨电车，现在又将被现代巴士所取代。故答案是C。 [点睛] 由四个选项的from…to…to结构，猜测题目与交通工具的演进有关。每个选择包含三种车，其中都出现了Routemaster，但排列顺序不同。根据原文的提示，最早和最后出现的交通工具都不是Route-master，可以排除A和D。B和C相似，但red bus是Routemaster的俗称，排除B。 第2题 What makes the Routemaster famous? A It is full of renaissance favor. B It is a star in a famous movie. C It is one of the tourist hot spots. D It is a symbol of London. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 短文说，Routemaster与大本钟、白金汉宫、红色电话亭齐名，被视为文化遗产之一。这些所提到的建筑物和物件是当地的象征，故答案是D。 [点睛] 选项是四个描述性的句子，根据主题，猜测题目与: Routemaster的特点有关。选项A文中没有提及；B利用文中个别词拼凑而成；Routemaster是一种交通工具，不是旅游点，故排除这三项。 第3题 What is the disadvantage of the Routemaster? A It is inconvenient to take the baggage onto it. B It is difficult to spare the room for wheelchairs. C It is dangerous to get in from both sides of it. D It is easy to have an accident on a movable platform. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 短文说，在车尾的可伸缩平台本来是为方便乘客上车而设计的，但这同时也增加了危险性。故答案是D。 [点睛] It选项题，提示词inconvenient，difficult，dan-gerous，accident，猜测题目与Routemaster的缺点有关。B、C原文未提及；A是利用原文出现的buggies(童车)的音近词baggage进行干扰。 第4题 How far do the insects spread northward? A To Michigan. B To China. C To Maryland. D To Canada. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] 29-31 A beetle invasion in the United States has killed at least twenty million ash trees. The invasion of the emerald ash borer was first discovered near Detroit, Michigan, in 2002. Experts believe the small green insects arrived in the 1990's in shipments of goods from China. The emerald ash borer has destroyed trees in the Midwest and as Far East in the United States as Maryland. The insects have also spread as far north as Ontario, Canada. Ash trees can resist many diseases. But they cannot resist the emerald ash borer. It lays eggs on the bark. The young larva drill into and feed on the inner bark. This harms the ability of the tree to transport water and nutrition. In some places, farmers .are using "detection trees". They have an area where bark has been cut away. The area circles the tree. The process weakens the tree. It makes them easier targets for borers, and shows if the insects are nearby. Efforts to stop the spread of the emerald ash borer include cutting down affected trees. There are worries that the ash tree might disappear unless the invasion is controlled. To prepare for such a possibility, a government laboratory is asking people to send in the seeds from ash trees. It examines and X-rays the seeds to make sure that there are no living borer fertilized eggs. Only the best seeds are remained and then sent for storage in a seed bank. There, they are dried and frozen. Should the seeds ever be needed, the hope is that scientists might someday develop an ash tree that could resist the little green attackers. [解析] 短文说，钻孔虫向北扩散至Ontario，Canada。故D是正确答案。 [点睛] 四个选项是地名，可猜测题目与地点有关。A和C是美国的州名，B和D是国家名，边听边做好笔记。解题的关键在于听清楚问题，就可以对号入座找出正确的答案了。 第5题 Why 1s part of the bark cut away? A To clear up the eggs of insects. B To help trees deliver water. C To look for the signs of insects. D To prepare for cutting down trees. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 短文说，钻孔虫是在树上产卵，孵出的幼虫钻到内层树皮吸取营养，故把部分树皮削去会使树更容易成为攻击的目标，当钻孔虫来袭时就能有所发觉。故C是正确答案。 [点睛] 从选项可以初步猜测题目与树木和昆虫有关。解题时需听清楚问题问的是什么。 第6题 What is the government laboratory trying to do? A Collect ash tree seeds for experiment. B Preserve the healthy ash tree seeds. C Set up a new seed bank for research. D Develop a new breed of ash tree. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 短文说，实验室对种子进行检查和照X-ray，确保没有钻孔虫的受精卵，只有最好的被保存起来。故答案是B。 [点睛] 从选项可以初步猜测题目与措施有关。听到“Only"表明文章要提出特殊的要点了，要提高警惕。 第7题 What does the speaker say about diamonds? A They can be easily damaged. B They are formed with great volcanic heat and pressure. C They are brought up to the surface by earthquakes. D They can be found everywhere. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] 32-35 The diamond is considered the most famous, elegant and valuable jewel in the world. It is the hardest substance found in nature. Its hardness and high dispersion of light make it useful for industrial applications and jewelry. Diamonds were made as a result of great volcanic heat and pressure. A volcano is a mountain with a hole in the top. When a volcano is very active it sometimes explodes and causes great damage. Diamonds were pushed towards the surface of the earth-millions of years ago-by a number of great volcanic explosions. It is in the narrow volcanic pipes that diamonds are found. They are also found among the sand and stones of certain riverbeds, and in a few places on the floor of the sea, for they were washed down the mountainsides by the rain. Diamonds are very rare. There are not many diamond pipes or diamond-producing rivers in the world. During the last century, adventurers from Europe went to Brazil, because they had heard that there were diamonds in the River Amazon. [34]Most of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests. The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago. The most recent and exciting discoveries have been made in Eastern Russia. But most of the world's diamonds now come from the Congo, from Tanzania-which has the largest diamond mine in the world-and from South Africa. [解析] 短文说，钻石是火山热和压力的产物。所以B正确。 [点睛] 选项都与They的情况有关，听音时注意They所指。选项B中的volcanic heat and pressure是文中的原词。文中说钻石硬度极高，故排除A。C、D与原文不符，可排除。 第8题 Where can diamonds be round? A In the valley. B On the floor of the rivers. C In the narrow volcano pipes. D On the top of the mountains. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 短文说，钻石是在狭窄的火山筒被发现的。所以C正确。 [点睛] 选项为地点，可预测考查的是钻石的出处。录音中提到钻石可以在火山简、部分河床的沙石间、海底某些地方被找到。只有C符合。 第9题 What happened to most of the adventurers from Europe? A They never came back home with desired diamonds. B They lost the hard-earned diamonds on their way back. C They were sentenced to death for stealing diamonds. D They returned home as content as millionaires. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 听到文中提到大多数早期钻矿工人died或lost时就应该可以推断出“他们没有能够带着梦寐以求的钻石回到家乡”，即A。 [点睛] 选项描述的是They的命运。仔细听音，即可准确作答。B、C是以原文出现的个别字眼进行干扰，而D原文没有提及。 第10题 According to the speaker，in which country were the earliest known diamonds found? A South Africa. B Eastern Russia. C India. D Congo. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：7.0分 【答案解析】 [解析] 短文说，最早的已知钻石于几个世纪前在印度被发现。所以C正确。 [点睛] 选项都是国家或地区的名称，猜测题目可能问地点。边听边做笔记，把听到的国家或地区所出现的情况和各选项一一对应，即可准确作答。 六、Translation（本大题5小题．每题7.0分，共35.0分。 Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. (5 minutes) ） 第1题 It is bard to track the blue whale，______(它现在被列为濒危物种)． 【正确答案】： 答案:which is now listed as an endangered species [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此题考查定语从句、被动语态及核心词汇。由于句中使用了逗号，其后的“它”不能用it，而需用关系代词which，“被列为”译作be listed as，“濒危物种”用过去分词endangered作名词species的定语。 [点睛] species的单复数形式相同。 第2题 It is recommended that the project______(所有的准备工作结束之后再开始)． 【正确答案】： 答案:not be started until all the preparations have been made [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此题考查虚拟语气、语态、时间状语从句。recommend的宾语从句中谓语动词需用“(should)not+动词原形”。project是动词“开始”的承受者，故此处用被动语态。做准备的常用表达是make preparations。 [点睛] not…until…是表达“……之后再/才”的常用结构。 第3题 All employees are______(每年都享有三个星期的假期)． 【正确答案】： 答案:entitled to three weeks of vacation each year [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此题主要考查固定表达be entitled to的用法。three weeks of vacation表示所有假期的总时间。a vacation of three weeks则表示一个持续3周的假期，在这里不适用。 [点睛] 由于are的限制，此处的“享有”最好不用enjoy，除非使用进行时。 第4题 The agency must______(提交一份年度预算表)the board each July． 【正确答案】： 答案:submit an annual budget to [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此题考查动词“提交”submit与介词to的搭配、形容词annual与名词budget的搭配。 [点睛] 这些实义词都是容易拼写错误的核心单词，考生应注意它们的拼写。 第5题 The twentieth century______(发生了全球性政治、经济和文化的)transfor-mation． 【正确答案】： 答案:witnessed a worldwide political，economic and cultural [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此题考查动词witness用于时间、地点之后表达“该时该地发生了”某事的用法。同时，“政治、经济和文化的”要用形容词political，economic and cultural，而不是名词。 [点睛] “全球性”此处只能用作定语，置于political，economic and cultural之前，如果transformation一词也在翻译范围内的话，worldwide可以放在句末。 none、七（共Listening Comprehension（Section C）小题,11共分）77.0 第1题 It's my honor to be here tonight. Our organization is called the Noise Abatement Society that (1)________and tries to deal with noise (2) ________issues. We are currently working to introduce what is called broadband noise technology in different areas.Many people asked me what the broadband noise is. It's very simple actually, if you can imagine (3)________through a wood late at night in the (4)________and quiet and you hear a twig (5)________, you turn automatically towards that twig. And this is exactly what broadband is, you know which direction it's coming from, you know (6)________which side of you it's coming from. Alarms at the moment are so loud that they actually disorientate you. If you're at a set of traffic (7)________, you don't know which direction an (8)________, a police car or a fire engine may be coming from, but with broadband you do. (9)________________________________________________________________. It sounds just like a "shush shush" sound. The alarms you hear at the moment are very rich in tones. But broadband isn't. Because it's not got the tonal content, you know where that sound is coming from. (10)________________________________________________________________.Broadband noise alarms are being used in a number of places around the country. (11)__________________________________________________________________ .  【正确答案】： 答案:monitors [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] 36-46 It's my honor to be here tonight. Our organization is called the Noise Abatement Society that monitors and tries to deal with noise related issues. We are currently working to introduce what is called broadband noise technology in different areas. Many people asked me what the broadband noise is. It's very simple actually, if you can imagine walking through a wood late at night in the peace and quiet and you hear a twig snap, you turn automatically towards that twig. And this is exactly what broadband is, you know which direction it's coming from, you know instantly which side of you it's coming from. Alarms at the moment are so loud that they actually disorientate you. If you're at a set of traffic lights , you don't know which direction an ambulance, a police car or a fire engine may be coming from, but with broadband you do. You automatically turn towards it；it has to be safer because you can then get out of the way very quickly. It sounds just like a "shush shush" sound. The alarms you hear at the moment are very rich in tones. But broadband isn't. Because it's not got the tonal content, you know where that sound is coming from. And the nicer thing about broadband is as soon as it's gone by，it disappears，you don't actually hear it. Broadband noise alarms are being used in a number of places around the country. They can also be used not only on vehicles but al so in buildings to help people find the exits when there is an emergency. [解析] 此处需要一个动词的第三人称单数形式，和tries构成并列谓语。注意拼写or而不是er。 第2题 【正确答案】： 答案:related [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此处需要一个形容词修饰名词issues。注意不要误写成relative。 第3题 【正确答案】： 答案:walking [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此处需要一个动名词。注意与读音相近的working区分，后面的提示是through a wood，表示与工作无关。 第4题 【正确答案】： 答案:peace [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此处需要一个名词，和quiet共同构成成语peace and quiet，指安宁、宁静。 第5题 【正确答案】： 答案:snap [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此处需要一个名词，作动词hear的宾语。 第6题 【正确答案】： 答案:instantly [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此处需要一个副词修饰动词know，表示“立即地”。 第7题 【正确答案】： 答案:lights [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此处需要—个名词。traffic lights指“交通灯”。 空白处前有a set of，light要用复数形式。 第8题 【正确答案】： 答案:ambulance [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 此处需要一个名词。由空格前的an可知该词为元音开头。 第9题 【正确答案】： 答案:You automatically turn towards it；it has to be safer because you can then get out of the way very quickly [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [听音关键] automatically，turn towards，safer，get out of the way，quickly [答案重构] You turn to it willingly，it becomes safer because you will go aside quickly [画龙点睛] automatically可用拼写更简单的willingly 代替；get out of the way(让开)也可用更简短的go aside改写。 第10题 【正确答案】： 答案:And the nicer thing about broadband is as soon as it's gone by，it disappears，you don't actually hear it [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [听音关键] nicer thing，broadband，disappears，hear [答案重构] And the advantage of broadband is that when it has gone by，you don't actually hear it [画龙点睛] 本句话中有as soon as引导的时间状语从句，需要正确理解。 第11题 【正确答案】： 答案:They can also be used not only on vehicles but al so in buildings to help people find the exits when there is an emergency [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [听音关键] not only，vehicles，but also，exits，emergency [答案重构] They Can also be used both on vehicles and in buildings to help people find the exits when they are in an emergency [画龙点睛] 本句话有连词not only…but also，注意also通常可以省略，可以简化成both…and的句型。 none、八（共Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)小题,10共分）70.0 第1题 Smother Love Every morning, Leanne Brickland and her sister would bicycle to school with the same words ringing in their ears: "Watch out crossing the road. Don't speak to strangers". "Mum would stand at the top of the steps and call that out," says Brickland, now a primary-school teacher and mother of four from Rotorua, New Zealand. Substitute boxers and thongs for undies (内衣), and the nagging fears that haunt parents haven't really changed. What has altered, dramatically, is the confidence we once had in our children's ability to fling themselves at life without a grown-up holding their hands. Worry-ridden Parents and Stifled Kids By today's standards, the childhood freedoms Brickland took for granted practically verge on parental neglect. Her mother worked, so she and her sister had a key to let themselves in after school and were expected to do their homework and put on the potatoes for dinner. At the family's beach house near Wellington, the two girls, from the age of five or six, would disappear for hours to play in the lakes and sands. A generation later, Brickland's children are growing up in a world more indulged yet more accustomed to peril. The techno-minded generation of PlayStation kids who can conquer entire armies and rocket through space can't even be trusted to cross the street alone. "I walked or biked to school for years, but my children don't," Briekland admits. "I worry about the road. I worry about strangers. In some ways I think they're missing out, but I like to be able to see them, to know where they are and What they're doing." Call it smother love, indulged-kid syndrome, parental neurosis (神经病). Even though today's children have the universe at their fingertips thanks to the Internet, their physical boundaries are shrinking at a rapid pace. According to British social scientist Mayer Hillman, a child's play zone has contracted so radically that we're producing the human equivalent of henhouse chickens-plump from lack of exercise and without the flexibility and initiative of free-range kids of the past. The spirit of our times is no longer the resourceful adventurer Tom Sawyer but rather the worry-ridden dad and his stifled only child in Finding Nemo. In short, child rearing has become an exercise in risk minimization, represented by stories such as the father who refused to allow his daughter on a school picnic to the beach for fear she might drown. While it's natural for a parent to want to protect their children from danger, you have to wonder: Have we gone too far? Parents Wrap Kids up in Cotton Wool A study conducted by Paul Tranter, a lecturer in geography at the Australian Defence Force Academy in Canberra, showed that while Australian and New Zealand children had similar amounts of unsupervised freedom, it was far less than German or English kids. For example, only a third of ten-year-olds in Australia and New Zealand were allowed to visit places other than school alone, compared to 80 percent in Germany. Girls were even more restricted than boys, with parents fearing assault or molestation (骚扰), while traffic dangers were seen as the greatest threat to boys. Bike ownership has doubled in a generation, but "independent mobility"-the ability to roam and explore unsupervised-has radically declined. In Auckland, for example, many primary schools have done away with bicycle racks because the streets are considered too unsafe. And in Christchurch, New Zealand's most bike-friendly city, the number of pupils cycling to school has fallen from more than 90 percent in the late 1970s to less than 20 percent. Safely strapped into the family 4×4, children are instead driven from home to the school gate, then off to ballet, soccer or swimming lessons-rarely straying from watchful adult eyes. In the U.S. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & amp; Dance, New Jersey assistant principal and hockey coach Bobbie Schultz writes that playing in the street after school with neighbourhood kids-creating their own rules, making their own decisions and settling disputes-was where the real learning took place. "The street was one of the greatest sources of my life skills," she says. "I don't see 'on-the-street play' anymore. I see adult-organized activities. Parents don't realize what an integral part of character development their children are missing." Armoured with bicycle helmets, car seats, "safe" playgrounds and sunscreen, children are getting the message loud and clear that the world is full of peril-and that they're ill-equipped to handle it alone. Yet research consistently shows young people are much more capable than we think, says professor Anne Smith, director of New Zealand's Children's Issues Centre. "The thing that many adults have difficulty with is that children can't learn to be grown-up if they're excluded and protected all the time." Educational psychologist Paul Prangley reckons it's about time the kid gloves came off. He believes parenting has taken on a paranoid (患妄想狂的) edge that's creating a generation of naive, insecure youngsters who are subconsciously being taught they're incapable of handling things by themselves. "Flexibility and the ability to resist pressure and temptation are learned skills," Prangley explains. "If you wrap kids up in cotton wool and don't give them the opportunity to take risks, they're less equipped to make responsible decisions later in life." Parents Should Gain Proper Perspective Sadly, high-profile cases of children being kidnapped and murdered-such as ten-year-old Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman in the United Kingdom; five-year-old Chloe Hoson in Australia, whose body was found just 200 metres from where she lived; and six-year-old Teresa Cormack in New Zealand, who was snatched off the street on her way to school--only serve to reinforce parents' fears. Teresa Cormack's death, for example, was one of the rare New Zealand eases of random child kidnap. In Australia, the odds of someone under the age of 15 being murdered by a stranger have been estimated at one in four million. A child is at far greater risk from a family member or someone they know. However, parental fear is contagious. In one British study, far more children feared an attack by a stranger than being hit by a car. "We are losing our sense of perspective," write Jan Parker and Jan Stimpson in their parenting book, Raising Happy Children. "Every parent has to negotiate their own route between equipping children with the skills they need to stay safe and not restricting or terrifying them unnecessarily in the process." Dr. Claire Freeman, a planning expert at the University of Otago, points to the erosion of community responsibility as another casualty of that mutual distrust. Not so long ago, adults knew all the local kids and were the informal guardians of the neighbourhood. "Now, particularly if you are a man, you may hesitate to offer help to a lost child for fear your motives might be questioned." More Space and More Attention to Kids' Needs As a planner in the mid-1990s, Freeman became concerned about the loss of green space to development and the erosion of informal places to play. In a study that looked at how children in the British city of Leeds spent their summer holidays, compared with their parents' childhood experiences, she found the freedom to explore had been severely contracted-in some cases, down to the front yard. Freeman says she cannot remember being inside the house as a child, or being alone. Growing up was about being part of a group. Now a mother of four, Freeman believes the "domestication of play" is robbing kids of their sense of belonging within a society. Nevertheless, Freeman says children's needs are starting to get more emphasis. In the Netherlands, child-friendly "home zones" have been created where priority is given to pedestrians, rather than cars. And ponds are being incorporated back into housing estates on the principle that children should learn to be safe around water, rather than be surrounded by a barren landscape. After all, as one of the smarter fish says in Finding Nemo, there's one problem with promising your kids that nothing will ever happen to them-because then nothing ever will. According to Brickland, parents nowadays have changed their______. A standards of the children's proper dressing B worry about the children's personal safety C ways to communicate with children D confidence in the children's ability 【正确答案】： D [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 题目中的changed与原文该句中的altered为同义词，可见altered的宾语confidence为答案的关键词．在4个选项中，只有D与confidence有关，为本题答案。A中的dressing试图将考生的注意力转移到首段倒数第2句的boxers(四脚裤)和undies(内衣)，虽然这两个词比较陌生，但看到该句末的haven't changed，就无须考虑太多，可以肯定A并非本题答案。其他两个选项的内容在原文并未提及。 第2题 When Brickland and her sister were little, they kept the home key because ______. A they wanted to be trusted B their mother had to work C their mother didn't live at home D they were very naughty and wild 【正确答案】： B [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 原文该句中的…so…表明了与题干要求的同样的因果关系，so前面提到的原因与B相同，因此本题应选B。其他选项均未提及。 第3题 Mayer Hillman indicates that children now have less and less______. A space for playing B contact with animals C concern about others D knowledge about nature 【正确答案】： A [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 该句中的contracted与less and less意思相近，与contracted前的play zone同义的选项为本题答案，因此A为本题答案。要小心B，原文该句中提到的henhouse chickens可能会误导考生选择B，事实上，henhouse chick-ens用于比喻受过分保护的小孩。与animals没有关系。 第4题 Paul Tranter finds that eighty percent of the children were allowed to visit places other than school alone in______. A Australia B New Zealand C Germany D Britain 【正确答案】： C [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 原文该段提到多个国家的名称，只要按照题干中的eighty percent，再结合选项中的国家名称，应该很快可以确定本题答案为C。 第5题 What is ranked by parents as the greatest threat to boys? A Gang crimes. B Online games. C Extreme sports. D Dangerous traffics. 【正确答案】： D [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 原文该句while引出的分句明确表明traffic dangers是对男孩最大的安全威胁，D是对traffic dangers的同义改写，为本题答案。 第6题 Bobble Schuliz points out that real learning takes place in ______. A on-the-street play B adult-organized activities C student-centered teaching D home and nature 【正确答案】： A [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 将首句中破折号前后的内容结合起来可以知道playing in the street after school with neighbourhood kids就是真正学到本领的地方，在该段第3旬Bobbie Schultz将此简称为on-the-street play，因此A为本题答案。 第7题 What accident had happened to a little girl called Chloe Hoson? A She was robbed on her way to school. B She was kidnapped and murdered. C She fell a victim to domestic violence. D She disappeared for no reason. 【正确答案】： B [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 该句第2个分句中的body暗示Chloe Hoson被murdered(该句开头提到的)，因此本题应选B。本段提引的是kidnap和murder，其他选项提到的各种罪案在原文并未提及。 第8题 Claire Freeman thinks that lack of mutual trust results in______. 【正确答案】： 答案:the erosion of community responsibility [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 空白处应为名词(词组)。原文该句中的…as another casualty of…表明mutual distrust导致the erosion of community responsibility，题目中的lack of mutual trust是对mutual distrust的同义改写，由此可见，the erosion of community responsibility为本题答案。 第9题 Freeman concludes that kids are robbed of their sense of belonging to the society by______. 【正确答案】： 答案:the“domestication of play” [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 空白处应为名词(词组)。对比原文与题目可见，两个句子的语态相反: 原文rob为主动语态，而题目中rob为被动语态，两句的主语和宾语位置相反，所以原文rob的主语the“domestication of play”即为本题答案。 第10题 The Netherlands has placed the rights of pedestrians before those of cars in such areas called______. 【正确答案】： 答案:child-friendly“home zones” [本题分数]： 7.0 分 【答案解析】 [解析] 空白处应为名词(词组)。题干与原文中where引出的定语从句内容相同，两旬对比可见，题目中缺少了原句中的主语child-friendly“home zones”。 九、Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)（共10小题,共90.0分） In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 第1题 The concept of obtaining fresh water from icebergs that are towed to populated areas and arid regions of the world was once treated as a joke more appropriate to cartoons than real life. But now it is being (1) quite seriously by many nations, especially since scientists have warned that the human race will (2) its fresh water supply faster than it runs out of food. Glaciers are a possible (3) of fresh water that has been overlooked until recently. Threequarters of the Earth's fresh water supply is still tied up in glacial ice, a reservoir of (4) fresh water so immense that it could (5) all the rivers of the world for 1,000 years. Floating on the oceans every year are 7,659 trillion metric tons of ice encased in 10,000 icebergs that break away from the polar ice caps, more than ninety percent of them from Antarctica. Huge glaciers that (6) over the shallow continental shelf give birth to icebergs throughout the year. Icebergs are not like sea ice, which is formed when the sea itself freezes, rather, they are formed (7) on land, breaking off when glaciers spread over the sea. As they drift away from the polar region, icebergs sometimes move mysteriously in a direction (8) to the wind, pulled by subsurface currents. Because they melt more slowly than smaller pieces of ice, icebergs have been known to drift as far north as 35 degrees south of the equator in the Atlantic Ocean. To control them and (9) them to parts of the world where they are needed would not be too difficult. The. difficulty arises in other technical matters, such as the prevention of rapid melting in warmer climates and the funneling (传送) of fresh water to shore in great volume. But even if the icebergs lost half of their volume in towing, the water they could provide would be far cheaper than that produced by desalinization (脱盐), or (10) salt from water. A) removing  I) approximately  B) stretch  J) considered  C) deriving  K) similar  D) entirely  L) source  E) untapped  M) ensured  F) resource  N) sustain  G) outgrow  O) steer  H) opposite    【正确答案】：J 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 此处需要填入动词的过去分词与is being一起构成句子谓语。本句开头的But now表明该句与上文的…was once treated as…形成对比关系，因此该句的谓语意思与treat“认为”相近。由此可知词库中符合条件的过去 分测为considered。 第2题 【正确答案】：G 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 此处需要及物动词原形作谓语。本句对比人类对淡水的需求和对食物的需求，根据本句的对比成分faster than it runs out of food，可知该谓语动词意义上与run out of(用尽)相近。显然，词库中的动词原形只有outgrow在意义、用法与形式上都符合。 第3题 【正确答案】：L 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 空格前面的冠词a表示此处需要可数名词单数形式，且与of一起连用。本句意为: Glaciers(冰川)是淡水的一个潜在的“来源”，由此可知词库中符合条件的名词为source。注意resource指“资源”，且常用复数。另外，后一句中的a reservoir of ______ flesh water解释了glacial ice，也表明Glaciers是淡水的一个“来源”。 第4题 【正确答案】：E 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 此处需要形容词或分词修饰。flesh water。上一句讲到冰川一直has been overlooked until recently，由此可知冰川中的淡水一直未被开发，因此该词与overlooked应该近义，故可得出答案为untapped。untapped flesh water指“未被开发的淡水”。 第5题 【正确答案】：N 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 此处需要及物动词原形作谓语。词库中符合条件的动词有stretch，sustain和steer，而根据前面的so immense可知此句意为“冰川的水量极大，足以维持地球上所有河流”，因此sustain符合句意，为正确答案。 第6题 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 此处需要动词原形与over构成搭配，作定语从句的谓语，表明huge glaciers“分布”在浅大陆架上。词库中的动词原形有stretch和steer，但steer不能与over连用，而stretch在意义和用法上都符合题意，故选stretch。 第7题 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 本句的结构完整，因此需要副词成分。空格前的插入成分rather表明这个副词的程度与上一句的not like相关，对比词库中的副词，可知entirely符合句意，表明冰山与海冰不同，它们“完全”是在陆地上形成的。词库中的另一个副词approximately常用于形容大概的数字、数量或时间。 第8题 【正确答案】：H 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 此处需要形容词与to形成固定搭配，作direction的后置定语。词库中的opposite与similar都能与to搭配，根据上文说冰山有时move mysteriously，可推测冰山的移动与风向并不一致，由此可确定答案为opposite。 第9题 【正确答案】：O 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 此处需要及物动词原形，根据and前面的并列成分control，可知该词有“掌控”之义，因此答案为steer。steer sth. to…意为“引导某物去往……”。 第10题 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：9.0分 【答案解析】 空白前面的or表明其后的成分用于解释desalinization，由于介词by的限定，故此处需填入动词的现在分词，且能与from连用。词库中的removing和deriving都能与from连用，但根据desalinization来判断，要把盐从水中分离出来，所以选择removing(除去)，而不是deriving(源自)。 跟多试卷请访问《做题室》www.zuotishi.com