Tone&SpeakerTone----Theimpliedattitudeoftheauthortowardhisthemeorhissubject.Reading/HearingapoemHearingthevoiceofitsspeakerCatchingitstoneandfeelingUnderstandingultimatelyitsmeaningToneisanabstractionwemakefromthedetailsofapoem’slanguage.①Theuseofmeter&rhymeorlackofthem;②Theinclusionofcertainkindsofdetails&exclusionofotherkinds;③Particularchoicesofwords&sentencepattern;④Particularchoicesofimagery&figurativelanguage.Thetoneofapoemcanbedescribeas:----Cold/Eager/Uncertain/Boastful/Protesting/Cynical/Resigned/Ironic(Moreimportant&persistent)Toneistheemotionalcoloringofapoem:①Torecognizethetoneistoadjustthereader’srelationwiththepoemand/orwiththepoet;②Failuretodeterminethetoneaccuratelyleadstomisunderstandingofitspoem.ABladeofGrass(BrianPatten)Youaskforapoem.Iofferyouabladeofgrass.Yousayitisnotgoodenough.Youaskforapoem.Isaythisbladeofgrasswilldo.Ithasdresseditselfinfrost,ItismoreimmediateThananyimageofmymaking.Yousayitisnotapoem.ItisabladeofgrassandgrassIsnotquitegoodenough.IofferyouabladeofgrassYouareindignant.Yousayitistooeasytooffergrass.Itisabsurd.Anyonecanofferabladeofgrass.Youaskforapoem.AndsoIwriteyouatragedyaboutHowabladeofgrassBecomesmoredifficulttooffer,AndabouthowasyougrowolderAbladeofgrassBecomesmoredifficulttoaccept.BrianPatten's'ABladeofGrass'hasatoneofsadacceptancetowardthelossofchildlikewonderthatcouldhaveacceptedthebladeofgrass;itmournstheadultlossoftheabilitytofindthebeautyinabladeofgrass.POINTOFVIEWINPOETRYPOETThepoetistheauthorofthepoem.SPEAKERThespeakerofthepoemisthe“narrator”ofthepoem.Speaker----thepersonwhospeaksinornarratesapoem.ThespeakerandwriterareNOTnecessarilythesameperson.Thespeakerisroughlyequivalenttothenarratoroffictionalworks.Itisacharacterorapsychologicalpersonathatthepoetconstructstodeliverthewordsofthepoem.Beverycarefulinanalyzingapoemthatyoudonotattributetheemotionsoreventsexperiencedbythespeakertothepoet,him-orherself.最可爱的树最可爱的树，樱桃树呀，此时枝头上正缀满繁花，在林间小道旁亭亭玉立，为复活季节而身披白衣。从我的七十岁可享之年，二十岁光阴已一去不返，七十载春秋减二十阳春，留给我的仅五十个年份。既然置身花间赏花品树,五十个春天还远远不足，我会再去那树林边守候，看白雪花缀满樱树枝头。"Loveliestoftrees,thecherryisnow".----Treesrepresentusandhumansandweareatourfullestoflife."Ishungwithbloomalongthebough"----Wearehungwithbeautyandjoyonourbranchesoflife."Andstandsaboutthewoodlandride“----Everyoneinthewoodlandsareattheirpotential."WearingwhiteforEastertide"----WearinginnocenceandpurityfortheEastertide,rebirth."Nowofmythreescoreyearsandten"----Ascoreistwentyyearsandhislifeisslippingaway."Twentywillnotcomeagain"----Hisyouth,hecannotregainnorhisinnocence."Andtakefromseventyspringsascore,Itonlyleavesmefiftymore“----Hislifeisshorteningby20lesssohehas50morespringsleft."Andsincetolookatthingsinbloom"----Admiringtheotherswhohavetheychildhoodahead."Fiftyspringsarelittleroom".----50yearsseemshortincomparison."AboutthewoodlandsIwillgo“----AboutthepeopleIwilltravel."Toseethecherryhungwithsnow“----Toseedeathhungwithsnow(white,purity,innocence).Thepoemisaboutdeath,life,andtime.此
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