Unit-3-Lesson-7PPT课件

ProfessionalEnglishforMechanicalEngineeringLecturer:XiaobinCui*PartIIInterchangeabilityandMeasurementLesson7WorkingDrawing*Lesson7WorkingDrawingWorkingdrawingarethedrawingsfromwhichadesignisimplemented.Allprinciplesoforthographicprojectionandtechniquesofgraphicscanbeusedtocommunicatethedetailsofaprojectinworkingdrawings.Adetaildrawingisaworkingdrawingofasinglepart(ordetail)withinthesetofworkingdrawings.Definitionsworkingdrawing工作图,施工图orthographic[,ɔ:θəʊ'ɡræfik]adj.正投影的orthographicprojection正投影detaildrawing详图零件图在工作图中，所有正交投影法则和图形技术均可用来表达 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 方案的细节。*Lesson7WorkingDrawingSpecificationsarethewritteninstructionsthataccompanyworkingdrawings.Whenthedesigncanberepresentedonafewsheets,thespecificationsareusuallywrittenonthedrawingstoconsolidatetheinformationintoasingleformat.Definitionsspecifications[,spεsəfə'keʃən]n.技术 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 当设计 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 在多张图纸上表达时，通常在工作图上注明技术要求，从而确保图纸信息的统一性。consolidate[kən'sɔlideit]vt.巩固，统一，整理*Allpartsmustinteractwithpartstosomedegreetoyieldthedesiredfunctionfromadesign.Beforedetaildrawingsofindividualpartsaremade,thedesignermustthoroughlyanalyzetheworkingdrawingtoensurethatthepartsfitproperlywithmatingparts,thatthecorrecttolerancesareapplied,thatthecontactsurfacesareproperlyfinished,andthatthepropermotionispossiblebetweentheparts.Lesson7WorkingDrawingYield产生，形成matingparts配合件tolerance['tɔlərəns]n.公差；规定公差在绘制单个零部件的详图之前，设计人员必须对工作图进行充分 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 ，以确保零部件之间的配合良好、采用正确的公差、可对接触面进行合理的加工，以及零部件之间能够产生合理的运动。Requirements*Muchoftheworkinpreparingworkingdrawingsisdonebythedrafter,butthedesigner,whoisusuallyanengineer,isresponsiblefortheircorrectness.Itisworkingdrawingsthatbringproductsandsystemsintobeing.Workingdrawingsarelegalcontractsthatdocumentthedesigndetailsandspecificationsasdirectedbytheengineer.Thereforedrawingsmustbeasclear,precise,andthoroughaspossible.Lesson7WorkingDrawingbring…intobeing使出现，实现，产生，建立工作图的许多准备工作是由绘图员来完成的，而图纸的正确性则要由设计者负责，设计者通常是工程师。Requirements*Revisionsandmodificationsofaprojectatthetimeofproductionorconstructionaremuchmoreexpensivethanwhendoneinthepreliminarydesignstages.Poorlyexecutedworkingdrawingsresultinwastedtimeandresourcesandincreaseimplementationcosts.Tobeeconomicallycompetitivedrawingsmustbeaserror-freeaspossible.Lesson7WorkingDrawing生产或施工中修订和更改设计方案所需成本要比初步设计阶段高很多。Requirements*TheinchisthebasicunitoftheEnglishsystem,andvirtuallyallshopdrawingsintheU.S.aredimensionedininches.Themillimeteristhebasicunitofthemetricsystem.Metricabbreviation(mm)afterthenumeralsisomittedfromdimensionsbecausetheSIsymbolnearthetitleblockindicatesthatallunitsaremetric.Lesson7WorkingDrawingabbreviation[ə,bri:vi'eiʃən]n.缩写，缩写词titleblock标 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 栏由于在标题栏附近的国际单位制（SI）符号标明所有单位为公制，因此尺寸数字后面的单位缩写（mm）要省略标注。Requirements**Someworkingdrawingscarrybothinchandmillimeterdimensions,usuallythedimensionsinparenthesesorbracketsaremillimeters.Theunitsmayalsoappearasmillimetersfirstandthenbeconvertedandshowninbracketsasinches.Convertingfromoneunittotheotherresultstofractionalround-offerrors.Andexplanationoftheprimaryunitsystemforeachdrawingshouldbenotedinthetitleblock.Lesson7WorkingDrawingparenthesis[pə'renθisis]n.圆括号bracket[‘brækit]n.方括号有些图纸的尺寸单位既有英寸也有毫米，通常在圆括号或方括号中的尺寸以毫米为单位.fractional['frækʃənl]adj.分数的，小数的round-off四舍五入，抹去零头Requirements**TitleBlocksInpractice，titleblocksusuallycontainthetitleorpartname,drafter,date,scale,company,andsheetnumber.Otherinformation,suchastolerances,checkers,andmaterials,alsomaybegiven.Anymodificationsorchangesaddedafterthefirstversiontoimprovethedesignisshownintherevisionblocks.Dependingonthecomplexityoftheproject,asetofworkingdrawingsmaycontainfromonetomorethanahundredsheets.Therefore,givingthenumberofeachsheetandthetotalnumberofsheetsinthesetoneachsheetisimportant(forexample,sheet2of6,sheet3of6,andsoon).Lesson7WorkingDrawingTitleBlocks**PartsListThepartnumbersandpartnamesinthepartslistcorrespondtothosegiventoeachpartdepictedontheworkingdrawings.Inaddition,thenumberofidenticalpartsrequiredisgivenalongwiththematerialusedtomakeeachpart.Ifallworkingdrawingsinasetarethesamescale,youneedtoindicateitonlyonceintitleblockoneachsheet.Ifseveraldetaildrawingsonaworkingdrawingaredifferentscales,indicatethemonthedrawingundereachsetofviews.Inthiscase,indicate,“asshown”inthetitleLesson7WorkingDrawingpartlist零件明细表，材料清单asshown如图所示PartList*blockoppositescale.Whenadrawingisnotaccordingtothescale,placetheabbreviationNTS(nottoscale)inthetitleblock.PartNamesandNumbersGiveeachpartanameandnumber,usinglettersandnumbers1/8-in.(3mm)high.Placepartnumbersinsidecircles,calledballoons,havingdiametersapproximatelyfourtimestheheightofthenumber.Placepartnumbersneartheviewstowhichtheyapply,sotheirassociationwillbeclear.Lesson7WorkingDrawingnottoscale不按比例partnumber零部件序号将部件序号置于直径约四倍数字高度的圆内，称为带圆圈的数字。PartListPartNamesandNumbers*Onassemblydrawings,balloonsareespeciallyimportantbecausethesamepartsnumbersareusedinthepartslist.Peoplewhocheckdrawingsmusthavespecialqualificationsthatenablethemtoidentifyerrorsandtosuggestrevisionsandmodificationsthatresultinabetterproductatalowercost.Lesson7WorkingDrawing图纸审核员必须具有专业任职资格，才能识别错误，并能提出修订和修改方案，从而以相对较低的成本生产出较高质量的产品。PartNamesandNumbersCheckandRevision*Acheckermaybechiefdrafterexperiencedindraftingandmanufacturingprocessesortheengineerordesignerwhooriginatedtheproject.Inlargecompanies,personnelinthevariousshopsinvolvedinproductionreviewthedrawingstoensurethatthemostefficientproductionmethodsarespecifiedforeachpart.Lesson7WorkingDrawing在大型公司，与生产相关的各部门要有专人对图纸进行复审，以确保每个零部件均已指定最有效生产方法。CheckandRevision*Checkersneverchecktheoriginaldrawing;instead,theymarkcorrectionswithacoloredpencilonablue-lineprint.Theyreturnthemarked-upprinttothedrafterwhorevisestheoriginalandmakesanotherprintforfinalapproval.Checkersinspectaworkingordetaildrawingforcorrectnessandsoundnessofdesign.Inaddition,theyareresponsibleforthedrawing’scompleteness,quality,readability,andclarity.Inadditiontotheindividualrevisionrecords,draftersshouldkeepalogofallchangesmadeduringaproject.Astheprojectprogresses,thedraftershouldrecordthechanges,dates,andpeopleinvolved.Lesson7WorkingDrawinglog[lɔɡ,lɔ:ɡ]n.（工程、试验等的）工作记录CheckandRevision*Suchalogallowsanyonereviewingtheprojectinthefuturetounderstandeasilyandclearlytheprocessusedtoarriveatthefinaldesign.Calculationsoftenaremadeduringadrawing’spreparation.Iftheyarelostorpoorlydone,theymayhavetoberedone;thereforetheyshouldbeapermanentpartofthelog.Lesson7WorkingDrawing这样的记录可让将来的任何一位审查人员能够清楚容易地了解达到最终设计的整个进程。CheckandRevision*****