2019-2020年中考英语命题研究第三部分中考题型攻略篇题型4完形填空试题

2019-2020年中考英语命题研究第三部分中考题型攻略篇题型4完形填空试题 年份 文体 话题 词数和段落 考查点 2016 记叙文(两篇) 1.叙述了亨利一家尽管贫穷，但母亲仍然教育亨利诚实守信，勤劳挣钱。 2.叙述了人们为了喝鲨鱼鳍汤而大肆捕杀鲨鱼，呼吁人们重视环境保护。 224、255词， 5段式，3段式 2015 记叙文(两篇) 1.打工者对家乡的感受。 2.我在运动会的经历和感受。 172、239词，5段式 2014 记叙文(两篇) 1.丈夫回家太晚引发的故事。 2.猴子的故事。 180、144词， 6段式，3段式 2013 说明文(两篇) 1.广告的利与弊。 2.如何减压。 167、223词， 1段式，3段式 2012 说明文、记叙文 1.茶的发明。 2.John的飞行经历。 110、267词， 1段式，5段式 名词、动词及动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、代词、介词、序数词 　　综合分析贵阳近5年完形填空题可知，其特点如下： 1．考查方式上共有以下两种文体，一种是记叙文，一种是说明文，题的数量A篇8道，B篇7道，总共15道，每题3个选项，要求我们从中挑选一个最佳答案。 2．考点预测：首先，从上面 表格 关于规范使用各类表格的通知入职表格免费下载关于主播时间做一个表格详细英语字母大小写表格下载简历表格模板下载 可以看出，贵阳的题型会保持一定的稳定性，题量和题的难度不会有太大的变化；其次，注重基础知识的复习，这其中包括对名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词以及常用固定搭配和习惯用法的含义和用法的掌握；再次，对动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题目掌握情况；再次，对动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题目掌握情况；最后，对英语中五种句型：疑问句、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句知识的掌握。最重要的，也是完形填空最难的一点就是从句子和语境的层次上来全面地分析备选项。 解题方法与技巧 完形填空是介于单项选择题和阅读理解题之间的一种题型，旨在考查学生对词汇和语法知识在单句、上下文、语篇等各种具体语境下的综合运用能力，这就要求考生在解题中掌握一些方法、技巧。 1．速读。初读全文，跳开选项了解信息，初步掌握文章大意，抓住主题。 完型填空的首句一般不留空，因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，有利于准确预测和推断短文的主旨大意，不要急于看选项，找答案。应通篇浏览文章，掌握文中的时间、地点、人物及事件。也不要拘泥于个别细节，否则难以达到整体上的把握。 2．精读。精读细研，初填试选，抓住短文的每段、每句及作者的思想。 再读时，可以运用一些方法来全面地审视填空，即常见完形填空的7种命题角度：语境推断、词汇复现、生活常识、固定搭配、逻辑推理、推理判断与语法知识(贵阳近5年中考完形填空中并没有涉及过此种命题角度)。 3．复读。再次阅读文章，瞻前顾后，反复推敲，检查答案是否符合文章逻辑推理。 对于那些不易定夺的选项或单词，可以从前后文和单词的搭配、语义、语法上进行分析推断。即：先看前后搭配是否符合语法；再看上下文意思是否通顺；后看情节是否合理以及是否符合生活常识和文化背景，从而选出正确的答案。 填完所有空格以后，还需要进行最后的校核。考试时，校核最好在检查完其他试题之后进行。因为刚做完完形填空题，考生的思路仍留在原来的线上，如稍隔一段时间或做一些其他题目，回头再复读全文，从语感上体会文章是否通顺，校核所填的词是否合理，前后是否连贯，结构是否完整，就可以从另一个角度来观察一切，从而提高答题的准确率。 (2015贵阳中考) Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities.They usually go back to __1__ once or twice a year.Zhong Wei is one of them. Zhong Wei has lived in Wenzhou for the last 13 years.With a hard job in a crayon factory, he is too busy to find__2__ to visit his hometown. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest __3__ their hometowns have changed.Perhaps large hospitals and new roads have appeared.In many places, the government has also built __4__ and sent teachers from the cities to help. Zhong Wei thinks such developments are very good, and these changes will take place in his hometown because some things need to change in order to become __5__． He also thinks, among all the changes, some things are __6__ to change, such as the soft and sweet memories of the hometown in people's hearts.That is why people try to find time to go back to visit their hometowns though they are very busy. (　　)1.A.the beautiful places　　　　　　　B．their hometowns 　　　　　　　C．the big cities (　　)2.A.much time B．much money C．much food (　　)3.A.while B．which C．how (　　)4.A.tall buildings B．new schools C．big factories (　　)5.A.older B．better C．worse (　　)6.A.difficult B．possible C．necessary 【主旨大意】这是一篇记叙文，钟伟是成千上万从农村到城市打工的一员，他平时很少回家乡，一年仅仅回家一两次，和许多人一样，钟伟很关注家乡的变化，很期望家乡变得更好，但不管怎么变化，对家乡柔和甜美的回忆是不变的，所以他们总是尽力寻找时间回家看看。 1．B　【解析】命题角度：词汇复现。考查名词辨析the beautiful places美丽的地方；their hometowns他们的家乡；the big cities大城市。句意：“他们常常回到________一年一两次。”根据上句“millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities”，可判断他们常常回家乡，故答案选B。 2．A　【解析】命题角度：词汇复现。考查名词辨析much time许多时间；much money许多钱；much food许多食物。句意：“他太忙而不能找到________看望他的家乡。” 忙肯定是没时间，故选答案A。 3．C　【解析】命题角度：语境推移。考查疑问词辨析，while当……的时候；which哪一个；how怎样。句意：“像钟伟一样的许多人带着极大的兴趣关注________他们家乡变化。”根据语境推断这里应是“他们家乡怎样变化”，故应选答案C。 4．B　【解析】命题角度：生活常识。考查名词辨析，tall buildings高楼；new schools新学校；big factories大工厂。句意：“政府也建起了________并且派来自城里的老师帮助。”老师与学校有关。故选B。 5．B　【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理。考查形容词比较级辨析，older较旧的，较老的；better更好的；worse较坏(差)的。句意：“这些变化将发生在他的家乡因为一些事情需要改变为了变得________。”根据推理，肯定是为了变得更好。故选B。 6．A　【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理。考查形容词辨析。句意：“他也认为在所有这些变化中，一些事情________变化。”根据上句：“such as the soft and sweet memories of the hometown in people's hearts”，可知选A。一些事情很难改变。 , 考点：词汇复现 方法突破：在完形填空中，考查名词词义辨析时，通常使用词汇复现的解题方法，考生不要急于选出答案，须通过上下文的提示，读懂题意，选出正确的答案。如题1与题2。 考点：语境推断 方法突破：语境推断类题在完形填空中是最常见的，考生首先要弄清楚主人公身份、所处环境等，进而理解语境，体验语境。如题3，“large hospitals and new roads have appeared” 是明显的语境，可知钟伟他们所关注的是家乡如何变化。 考点：生活常识 方法突破：做此类题目时，应该联系生活实际和常识，然后做出正确的判断。如题4，老师与学校有关，因此我们由常识判断政府也建起了学校。 考点：逻辑推理 方法突破：形容词辨析类的试题通常采用逻辑推理的方法，判断出修饰名词的情况，选出正确的单词。如5题中一些事物需要改变，为了变得什么？根据上一句“such developments are very good”，可推测为了变得更好。可迅速找出答案。 2017备考猜押 Group 1(2016贵阳适应性考试) 足球运动的介绍 Soccer is considered to be the most popular sport in the world. More people watch and play soccer than any other sport. Soccer is called“football” in England and in many other__1__. In America, this sport is called soccer or international football. Soccer is a game played by__2__ teams and each team has 11 players. They play on a rectangular field called the soccer “pitch”， with net goals at either end. The players of each team__3__to drive the soccer ball into the goal of the team they are playing against. A player called the “goalkeeper” tries to keep the ball from entering the area between the goal posts. Physical contact between opponents is restricted. The team that scores the most goals__4__of the game wins. The goalkeeper is the__5__player allowed to use his or her arms and hands to catch，carry, throw or stop the ball. All the other players may not let the ball touch their arms and hands. If a player doesn't follow this__6__， it is called a “hand ball”， and his or her team's opponents get a “free kick”． Soccer fans are very__7__ about their games. Many love their soccer team as much as they love their country. Some love their soccer teams even more. Soccer has even been the cause of wars. Soccer is not only a fun game to watch, it is also a great game to play. (　C　)1.A.teams　　B．groups　　C．countries (　A　)2.A.two B．eleven C．twenty­two (　B　)3.A.turn B．try C．talk (　C　)4.A.at the beginning B．in the middle C．by the end (　B　)5.A.great B．only C．other (　A　)6.A.rule B．advice C．idea (　B　)7.A.angry B．serious C．disappointed Group 2 一只老猫的启示 An old woman had a cat. The cat was very old. She could not run__1__， and she could not bite, because she was so old. One day the old cat saw a mouse. She jumped and__2__the mouse. But she could not bite it. So the mouse got out of her__3__and ran away. Then the old woman became very__4__because the cat had not killed the mouse. She began to hit the cat. The cat said，“Do not hit your old servant. I have worked for you for many years, and I would__5__you still, but I am too old. Do not be unkind to the old, but remember what good work the old did when they were__6__．” The little story tells us that we should respect the old people. (　C　)1.A.smoothly B．deeply C．quickly (　B　)2.A.swam B．caught C．flew (　A　)3.A.mouth B．nose C．eyes (　C　)4.A.happy B．sad C．angry (　A　)5.A.work for 　　B．apply for C．look for (　B　)6.A.old B．young C．rich Group 3 雨伞的历史 The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the__1__and the sun off the people. Most umbrellas can be folded up so it is easy to carry them. However, the umbrella has not always been as __2__ as it is now. In the past, it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this __3__. Someone carries an umbrella and walks behind the king or important person. Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the world began to __4__ umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3 000 years ago. From there, umbrellas to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome，__5__ wouldn't use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women. England was __6__the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain. The weather there is very __7__ and umbrellas are very useful. Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you carry one, thinking that for centuries only great men and women used them, you’ll feel you are important people, too. (　A　)1.A.rain B．cloud C．air (　C　)2.A.light B．heavy C．common (　A　)3.A.way B．size C．reason (　B　)4.A.discover B．use C．examine (　C　)5.A.children B．parents C．men (　A)6.A.probably B．already C．suddenly (　B　)7.A.sunny B．rainy C．snowy Group 4 拯救大熊猫 Suppose every person on earth has only one kind of food. And maybe one year later that food couldn't __1__. If that happened, man would soon die. Luckily, man doesn't face that problem. But another animal may do. The animal is the giant panda，__2__of the world's most­loved animals. Dr.Thomas Soderstrom, a scientist, has found for the first time that the bamboos the giant pandas eat are dying. As a result, many of the pandas are also dying of__3__. Scientists estimate that so far more than 140 giant pandas have been dead. This number may be__4__one quarter of the world's giant panda population. Between 400 and 1 000 giant pandas are__5__to live in mountains. Giant pandas were once more__6__ all over many parts of Asia. Now they are only in small parts of China. Can the wild pandas be__7__？ The scientists want to find out more about the animals' food. They want to see whether the pandas are able to change their food while the bamboos are dying. Chinese scientists are trying to raise more pandas in zoos. The first baby panda was born in the Beijing Zoo in the fall of 1978. (　B　)1.A.be founded　B．be found　C．founded (　A　)2.A.one B．every C．each (　C　)3.A.cold B．tiredness C．hunger (　A　)4.A.almost B．already C．hardly (　B　)5.A.realized B．believed C．seen (　C　)6.A.big B．liked C．common (　B　)7.A.kept B．saved C．made Group 5(2016贵阳适应性考试) 手机的用途 Mobile phones are being more and more widely used in our daily life. It's easy for everyone to use it. And they are used in many ways. First, they offer fast and__1__service for communication. They are used for calling. We can talk with our friends and parents for a long time. And they are becoming smaller and__2__．It's quite easy for us to carry them everywhere. They can also be used for__3__short messages to show our feelings to our friends. What's more, we can surf the Internet on mobile phones. That helps us open our__4__to the outside world. When we are tired, we can listen to music to__5__ourselves. With the rapid development of mobile phone apps, mobile phones become more and more useful and helpful. It's believed that our life becomes more colorful__6__the invention of mobile phone. There is no doubt that the mobile phone plays an important role in daily life. However, we find it__7__that many students are spending too much time on mobile phones. We are afraid that using mobile phones too much is not good for their study. They should__8__spending so much time on mobile phones. What students should do is to make full use of the advantages of this high­technology product but not to become addicted to it. (　A　)1.A.convenient B．boring C．possible (　C　)2.A.thicker B．harder C．lighter (　B　)3.A.taking B．sending C．making (　B　)4.A.hearts B．eyes C．mouths (　A　)5.A.relax B．believe C．challenge (　A　)6.A.because of 　　B．according to C．even though (　B　)7.A.wonderful B．terrible C．impossible (　B　)8.A.practice B．avoid C．finish Group 6 轮子的发明 What do you think is the most important invention in history? The wheel. Without this invention__1__of what we have now would have been possible. The wheel is the most important invention in human history. It is also one of our oldest and greatest inventions. Scientists today still don't know__2__when or who invented the first wheel. Some scientists say that it was__3__made around 8 000 B．C. in Asia. An invention like the wheel alone seems__4__at first, but can you imagine a world without wheel？In the old days, people found that__5__things could help them do some work easily. People began to use round trunks(树干) to__6__things from one place to another. Then round and wheel­like things can be seen everywhere in our lives. Cars, bikes，buses can be seen even much easier. Because of the wheel and the inventions that use the wheel, the world is developing so fast. That is__7__I feel that the wheel has been the most important invention in the world. Without the use of the wheel，many things in our lives would be different. (　C　)1.A.some B．all C．none (　A　)2.A.exactly B．suddenly C．fast (　B　)3.A.one B．first C．two (　A)4.A.small B．difficult C．expensive (　C　)5.A.light B．heavy C．round (　C　)6.A.bring B．fetch C．carry (　C　)7.A.what B．who C．why Group 7 一对夫妇的自驾游经历及感受 A couple have completed the adventure by travelling for 127 days across 16 countries in an old car. Clive, 54, and Gillian Raven, 53，who have been together for 33 years—travelled 17 342 miles in a blue__1__car after starting their trip from their home Sheffield in June. They visited France, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Russia, Mongolia, China, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia and Singapore－arriving back__2__in October. Mr.Raven said, “We have being on plenty of package holidays—we've been to Thailand，but we wanted to do something really__3__. Having a car gave us__4__. It allowed us to go off the beaten track(打破常规). If we didn't like a hotel, we just moved on. If we loved somewhere, we stayed a little longer. We did what we wanted when we wanted.” The wide variety of environments they travelled through brought particular(特别的) challenges. Mr. Raven said, “In the Gobi desert we had a big problem with fuel evaporating(蒸发)__5__it was so hot. I had to do a few repairs on it along the way, but only small things. Local people warmed to us when we__6__through their villages.” The couple saw the Kremlin in Moscow, viewed the Terra Cotta Warriors in Xi'an and__7__goats' cheese at the table of a Mongolian family. The couple are planning on making a similar journey this year, and hope to raise money__8__charity on their next drive. (　A　)1.A.old B．young C．small (　C　)2.A.family B．house C．home (　C　)3.A.similar B．same C．different (　C　)4.A.opinion B．feeling C．freedom (　A　)5.A.because B．until C．though (　C　)6.A.parked B．controlled C．drove (　A　)7.A.ate B．drank C．cooked (　B　)8.A.to B．for C．from Group 8 宁泽涛夺冠 It was a golden day for China in the pool last night as Ning Zetao took home the men's 100­meter free title at the 2015 FINA World Championships. Ning Zetao won the first __1__in 47.84 seconds last night.Cameron McEvoy of Australia finished the second in 47.95. Federico Grabich of Argentina(阿根廷) was the third in 48.12. Besides the__2__achievement, Ning has caught the fans' hearts with his good looks. He said he would like__3__ a “Bro Bread”， his old nickname due to his passion for bread.“A bread__4__plain but the feelings are rich，”said Ning. “Just like a person's personality is more important than his__5__．” Ning's teenage coach Guo Hongyan said Ning isn't someone who can be easily influenced by others. “He has a cool head. He is able to focus on and control himself.” When he dived into the pool, China was 0.86 seconds behind Australia.“No matter how much our competitors go ahead of us, we can__6__up with them！” he said. Ning is now looking forward to the future. His__7__goal is to win gold at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games. Good luck, Ning! (　B　)1.A.truth B．prize C．luck (　A　)2.A.amazing B．amazed C．unpleasant (　C　)3.A.being B．be C．to be (　C　)4.A.tastes B．smells C．looks (　B　)5.A.expression B．appearance C．health (　C　)6.A.come B．put C．catch (　C　)7.A.good B．true C．next Group 9 原谅也是一种爱 Lisa never had the chance to know her father. Her parents divorced when she was just a __1__ child. Even though her father didn’t move far, he __2__ came to visit his children.Lisa often wondered about her father.What did he __3__like? She only knew his name：Jeff White. After Lisa grew up, she became a __4__ at a hospital, where she would help provide medicine and comfort __5__ patients in their final days. A few weeks ago, she __6__ a new patient whose name was Jeff White. When Jeff __7__ his room, Lisa asked him if he had any children. Jeff told her that he had two daughters, Lisa and Emily. Lisa couldn't hold her tears back. She told him, “ I am Lisa, your daughter.” Jeff embraced(拥抱) her, saying that he was not a good father. And the daughter kissed him happily, Jeff could have just few weeks left to live，__8__Lisa made the most of the time she had with him, Lisa also __9__her kids to the hospital to meet their grandfather. The kids made cards for him with the words, “ I love you.” Forgiveness(原谅) is also a kind of love. (　C　)1.A.free B．rude C．little (　A　)2.A.never B．often C．sometimes (　B　)3.A.sound B．look C．feel (　A　)4.A.nurse B．waitress C．cleaner (　B　)5.A.at B．for C．to (　C　)6.A.realized B．wanted C．received (　B　)7.A.came up B．came into C．came over (　A　)8.A.so B．but C．or (　A　)9.A.brought B．forgot C．solved Group 10 馈赠礼物的艺术 Sometimes giving is also a kind of art. Japanese are very serious about gift­giving. They think gift­giving is a(n) __1__ of thanks. It is an important social activity in Japanese life. Here are some __2__of Japanese gift­giving. __3__the gift you receive. It is also important to praise the fine taste of the gift­giver in making that particular __4__for you. And don't forget to give a thousand and one thanks. Don't open gift __5__ you aren't asked to do so. And when you do, you must __6__it carefully. After you see it, you should praise it and say thanks to the sender, and then rewrap the gift as if it were never opened. Wrap all gifts nicely. Wrap every gift with good paper or __7__cloth. Japanese gift­giving is not only a friendly expression but also an art. You should __8__the colors when you choose the tapes. Red and white tapes are especially used for Valentine's Day, while red and green ones are for Christmas. Gold and silver ones are for weddings. If you keep these points in mind, you'll be sure to make every Japanese happy. (　C　)1.A.suggestion B．information C．expression (　B　)2.A.activities B．customs C．measures (　A　)3.A.Praise B．Doubt C．Believe (　C　)4.A.promise B．plan C．choice (　C　)5.A.though B．because C．if (　B　)6.A.close B．open C．use (　B　)7.A.clean B．colorful C．long (　C　)8.A.come over to B．take pride in C．pay attention to Group 11 怎样与人交流 Do you know how to make a great conversation? Here are some tips to help you. Find out a few things about the person you'll be talking to __1__you actually start a conversation. Begin the conversation with some interesting information that's not too personal. Ask questions so that the other person can talk about __2__or herself. Identify things about them that you might be interested in hearing about, and __3__ask questions. People love having a chance to discuss their passions or their __4__． Make sure that your interest appears genuine(真诚的)．Keep an eye contact and nod your __5__or interject(插话) comments like，“That's interesting.” __6__actively. A conversation will go nowhere if you are too __7__thinking of other things, including what you plan to say next. If you listen well, you'll identify questions to ask based on the other person's statements. Know when the conversation has ended. Even the best conversations will run out of steam or be ended by an interruption. __8__， and state that you enjoyed the conversation and say goodbye. Ending on a positive note will make the other person want to talk to you again. (　A　)1.A.before B．after C．when (　C　)2.A.myself B．yourself C．himself (　C　)3.A.loudly B．quietly C．politely (　A　)4.A.experience B．ability C．information (　B　)5.A.hand B．head C．foot (　C　)6.A.Speak B．Look C．Listen (　A　)7.A.busy B．free C．bored (　C　)8.A.Shout B．See C．Smile