跨文化交际实用教程unit 5 --new课件

Unit5NonverbalCommunicationContentsTimelanguageSpacelanguageBodylanguageParalanguageObjectivesWarm-upcasesCulturalDifferencesinNonverbalCommunicationA.TimelanguageB.SpacelanguageC.BodylanguageD.ParalanguageSummaryAssignmentsCase1PersonalSpaceQuestion:WhydidthatwomansuddenlystoptalkingwithMarkandturnedtoanotherman?Comment:Thisisatypicalcaseofmisunderstandingcausedbydifferentperceptionsaboutbodydistance.InDenmark,peoplepreferintimatespacewhichisbetween20-30centimeterswhileinAustralia,thebodydistanceof40-50centimetersismoreacceptable.Obviouslyshefeltsomewhatthreatenedandlosthersenseofcomfort.Case3LeftintheColdComment:ThisisatypicalculturalclashbetweenChineseandWesterners.Thereisagreatdifferenceintheconceptofappointmentanditsbehaviorpatternindifferentcultures.ToAmericans:Anappointmentisaconfirmationtomeetataprecisetime.Ifitisscheduled,bothpartiesshouldrespecttheappointmenttime.Anditshouldnotbeinterruptedbyotherthingsorpeople.Theyaregoodtime-keepers.ToChinese:Theyviewappointmentsinamoreflexiblemannerandtheyaremorecasualaboutcommitments.TheDirectorshouldhavetriedtoavoidanyinterruptionsincehemadeanteno’clockappointment.What’smore,hewasstilltalkingwithanotherteacherwhenKarrivedontimeandwhentheirmeetingfinallybegan,itwasinterruptedagain.NowonderKbecamefrustratedandangry.Case4SheIsNotSupposedtoBeWearingTrousersComment:InKorea,awomanwithsocialstatuswillgenerallyweardressorskirt.Womenwearingtrousersaregenerallycommoncitizensoflowsocialstatus.TheKoreaninterpreterassumedthattheChinesefemalecollegeteachersheldhighsocialstatusandshouldthereforewearskirts.Case7AmisunderstandingofSeatingCultureComment:Onecancontrolone’sverballanguagetodisguisehimselfconsciously.Butunconsciouslyhisphysicalbehaviorcangivehimaway.e.g.Puttingone’sfeetwithleathershoesontothedesk----AmericansTalkingandeatingwithasquattingposture---Shanxi,theYellowPlateauofChina.TimeLanguageLead-instoriesExplanationSummaryLead-instoriesAtravelerwascatchingthetraininIndia,hewashalfanhourlateonthewaytothestation.Hewasdepressed.However,hewastoldthat,“Thetrainwillwaitforus.”AmanwaswaitingforhisIndianfriendtopickhimuptodinner.Theypredeterminedtomeetat3pm,buthisfriendfinallyshowedupat7pm.Hisfrienddidnotapologize,insteadhetoldhimthathegavehimthewonderfulexperienceofthewholeafternoon.Dr.TomBrownfromNYispracticingmedicineinaruralareainArab.Hisopeningdaywasbookedfullyaweekago.Buthalfanhourpassed,neitherofhisfirsttwopatientsarrived.Why?Why?Why?Why?Questionsfordiscussion2.Whydoyouthinkitisacceptabletobelateinthesecountries?Whatconclusioncanyougetfromthestories?MonochronicTime:punctualityandpromptnessPolychronicTime:Moreflexibleandhuman-centeredNorthernAmerican,WesternandNorthernEuropeanculturesLatinAmerican,African,ArabandmostAsianculturesExplanationPleasecomeupwithasmanywordsorphrasesaboutpuntualityaspossible.punctualonscheduleontimeontheminuteonthehourwell-timedBrainstorm:timelyintimeingoodtimeatthestatedtimeperfecttimingattheappointedtimePracticeA.6:45B.7:00C.7:15D.7:30or8:00Yourareinvitedtoacocktailpartytonightat7:00.Whenareyousupposedtogetthere?Why?DToaLatinAmericanhomeBToaGermanorSwedenhomeCToanAmericanorCanadianhomeSummaryTherearetwotimesystems:MonochronicTime(M-Time)andPolychronicTime(P-Time).NorthernAmerican,WesternandNorthernEuropeanculturesaretypicalM-Timecultures.ThetwostrikingfeaturesofM-Timearepunctualityandpromptness.LatinAmerican,African,ArabandmostAsianculturesareP-Timecultures.Theyscheduleseveralactivitiesatthesametimeandthetimeismoreflexibleandmorehuman-centered.SpaceLanguagePleasehaveadiscussionaboutthefollowingpictureandtellyourpartnerwhytheothermanmovedaway.Lead-inpicturesExplanation2-3m1.3-3m45-80cm0-45cmBodydistanceShortMediumLongLatinsMediterraneanArabsMediterraneanEuropeansJapaneseAmericansNorthernEuropeansTouch&Non-touchcultureCulturesofArabs,SouthernandWesternEuropeans,JewsandLatinsCulturesofAmericans,NorthernEuropeansandOrientalsArabsenvelopeachotherintheirbreath.ComfortableanddesirableEnglish-speakingcountriesAvoidphysicalcontactIftouchaccidentally,makeanapology“Sorry,oh,I’msorry.”“Excuseme.”SummaryThereare4typesofdistances:intimate,personal,socialandpublic.LatinsandMediterraneanArabsprefershortdistance.AmericansandNorthernEuropeansfondofmediumdistance.JapaneseandMediterraneanEuropeanswouldlikelongdistance.BodyLanguagePostureGesturesFacialexpressionsEyecontactSmellPleasetrytofindoutthekindsofbodylanguagesinthevideo.2.Doourbodylanguagesalwaystellthetruth?Orcanwediscoversometruemeaningsoutofthebodylanguages?bodylanguageLead-inVideowatchingdeepinthinkingorinthebluesPostureattentiveandinterestedabsent-mindedorlackinginterestUS:confortable,friendlyArab/Thailand:thesoleshouldneverbepointedinthedirectionofanotherperson.Germany/Sweden/China:asignofrudenessandpoormaners(2)GesturesLookatthefollowingtwopicturescarefullyandfindoutthedifferentmeaningsofthetwogestures.VforvictorySth.dirtyorobscencePointtoobjectsandpeopleUS:okAsia:rudeGermanJanpaneseUS:OKJapanandKorea:moneyLatinAmericancountriesandGermany:obsceneTunisian:Iwillkillyou.Arabs:(abaringofteeth)extremehostilityNoddingtheheadInnorthAmerica(upanddown):IagreeJapan:Iamlistening.down:IagreeIntheMiddleEastup:IdisagreeShakingtheheadSriLanks,Nepal,andIndia:agreementmostcountries:refusalordisapprovalAustraliaandNigeria:“upyours.”Mostoftheworld:goodPartsofAmericaandEurope:AliftGerman:Thenumber1Japan:Thenumber5SignoftellingsbtocomecloserAmerican:wavegoodbyeAmericanChineseBurma:palmdownward,fingersmovingFilipinos:aquickdownwardnodoftheheadGermany/Scandinavia:tossingtheheadbackArabs:palmupward,openingandclosingthehandPleasematchthefollowingpicturesoffacialexpressionswiththeirmeanings.(3)Facialexpression(3)FacialexpressionsSadnessAngerSurpriseFearEnjoymentDisgustContemptangerfearjoysorrowcontemptsurprisedisgustSadnessMediterraneancoultures:exaggeratesignsofgrieforsadness—mencryinginpublicAmerican:suppresstheemotionsJapanese:hideexpressionsofanger,sorrow,ordisappointment—laughingorsmilingChinese:controlemotions—savingfaceSmileAmerican:asignofhappinessorfriendlyaffirmationJapanese:maskanemotionoravoidansweringaquestionKorean:toomuchsmilingashallowpersonThailand:thelandofSmiles(4)EyecontactNorthAmericans:directeyecontactasignofhonestyIfnot,asignofuntruthfulness,shameorembarrassmentChinese:avoidlongdirecteyecontacttoshowpoliteness,orrespect,orobedienceJapanese:prolongedeyecontactisconsideredrude,threateninganddisrespectful.LatinAmericanandCaribbeanpeople:avoidasignofrespectSummaryJustlikeverballanguage,bodylanguageispartofculture.Itplaysanimportantroleindailycommunication.So,itisveryimportanttounderstandanduseitcorrectly.AssignmentFinishtheexercisesofunit5frompage111to114.TrytofindmoreinformationaboutthenonverballanguageontheInternet.1.Goodluck!/Ihopeeverythinggoeswell!2.Apersoniscrazy.(joke.Aboutathirdperson)3.Idon’tknow./Ihavenoidea.4.Ican’t/didn’thearyou.5.That’senough./It’salloverforme.6.Thumbsdown---rejection/refusal7.Somethingisabitsuspicious/oddhere(USorwesterncountries)8.Comehere.9.ok(US)10.Hero(Italy)/Comehere(Indonesians,MalaysiansArabs)11.Oh,Iforgot(surprise)12.Slowdown/relax/Waitasecond.CulturalPuzzleTheJapanesecultureisverygroup-oriented.Whenonepersonleft(thiswasprobablytheleader),therestfeltthattheyhadtoleave,eveniftheydidn’t’wantto.Americansdon’tususallyarriveorleaveingroups,sothisbehaviorseemdedstrangetothem.TheJapaneseguestsweretryingtobepolitebyavoidingstayingtoolongattheparty.Theydidn’trealizethattwohourswastooshortfortheAmericansandthattheAmericansmightgethurtbythefactthattheirguestsleftearly.AnswersUnit1TFFTTTTFTFUnit2TTTTFFFFFTUnit3TTTFTFFFFTUnit4FFFTFTFTTTUnit5TFTTFTTTFFUnit6TFTTFFTTTT