希腊神话总汇PPT课件

IdiomsMythMYENGLISHCOMPOSITION马丽ImpactofGreekMythologyonWesternCultureGreekmythology'simpactonmodernsocietiescannotbeunderestimated.Modernlanguage,industry,artsandculturealldemonstratetheimpactofGreekmythologyintoday'sworld.Forexample,mostpeoplewhohavenoformalknowledgeofGreekmythologystillknowthatHerculeswasastrongmanandthatVenus(theRomanversionoftheGreekAphrodite)isthegoddessoflove.IdiomsFromMythsCulturalImpactScienceLiteratureLanguageLanguageAdvertisement1.LanguageIdioms&MythGamesReviewCommentsIdiomstheswordofDamoclesHaveasenseofanxiety,ofimpendingdoom.那事仿佛利剑悬在他的头上，使他恐惧不安。ThatisliketheswordofDamoclesoverhishead.KingDionysiusinvitedDamocles,hisministers,fordinner,orderedhimtositwithahorsehairhangingagleamingsword,theresultingforeignidiom,whichmeansitisinastateofcrisis,"ProJedidoesnotweaken."Oratanytimethereisasenseofcrisis,heartssoundedthealarm.Cupid’sbow(Lead&Golden)Idioms&MythGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsexampleCupidisthesonofVenus,thegoddessofbeauty,heisalittleangelwingsstickingout,holdingabow,hemanufacturedlovewithbowsandarrows,aslongasheshotaperson.Hewillnothelpinlove.Therefore.Cupid'sbowis“jokingredline","loveGoldenArrow"inEnglish.asshyasDaphneIdioms&MythasshyasayoungladyGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsexampleAsshyasDaphne,thegirlisalwayscoyofspeechinpublic.这女孩非常羞怯，在公共场合总是窘得说不出话来。Win/GainLaurelsIdioms&Mythwinvictory,successanddistinction.GamesReviewCommentsIdiomsOtherusagesLooktoOne'sLaurels:爱惜名声;保持记录RestonOne'sLaurels:坐享清福;光吃老本Daphne&ApolloIdioms&MythGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsPandora’sboxasourceofmanyunforeseentroubles金钱给我们带来了快乐，但有时候它也是灾祸之源。MoneybringsushappinessbutsometimesitisaPandora'sBox.MoneybringsushappinessbutsometimesitisaPandora'sBox.Pandora,inGreekmythology,Zeusmade​​ofclay,thefirstwomanontheground,asapunishmentforPrometheusgavemankindthefirstwoman.Thegodsalsoaddedtomakehermoreattractivecharm.Accordingtothemyth,PandoraopenedaBoxoutofcuriosity,releasingalltheevilofthisworld-greed,nihilism,slander,jealousy,pain,etc.,whenshethencoveredthebox,leavingonlyhopeinside.TrojanhorseIdioms&MythAveryhardworkGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsexampleTofinishwhathetoldmetodoinanhourisaHerculestask.一个小时内完成他让我做的事情是非常困难的。ThestoryoftheTrojanhorseinancientGreeklegend,theGreeksbesiegedTroy,sopretendedtoretreat,leavingahugehollowTrojan,Trojandefendersdonotknowintheaccount,theTrojanhorseintothecityasatrophy.Thedeadofnightontheoccasion,thebellyoftheTrojanhorsehidingGreeksoldiersopenedthegatesofthefallofTroy.Thedescendantsofthecommonlyused"Trojanhorse"allusions,usedasametaphorplantedambushLiyingwaigetheactivitiesintheenemycamp.Trojanhorseisalsoawell-knowncomputerTrojanname.HerculestaskIdioms&MythAveryhardworkGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsexampleTofinishwhathetoldmetodoinanhourisaHerculestask.一个小时内完成他让我做的事情是非常困难的。ThisphrasecomesfromamythabouttheTwelveLaborsofHerculesOedipusComplexIdioms&MythElectraComplex&OedipusComplexGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsexampleInBuddhism’sview,the Oedipus Complex isn’tthecauseofpsychologicalproblem,butisastrongsecondaryone.依佛家(Buddhism)的看法，俄狄浦斯情结并不是心理问题的根本始因，它只是一个强而有力的增上因。cheersb.（sth.）totheecho&narcissus(Invertedimage)Idioms&MythCheerforsb(sth)foralongtimeGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsOtherwordsnarcissistic指“自恋的”narcissismIdioms&MythGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsPenelope’swebtheworkthatcannotbefinished他把时间浪费在不可能完成的事情上以至于不能陪伴他的妻子。HewastestootimeonPenelope‘swebtostaywithhiswife.由于这个故事，英语中的Penelope一词成了achastewoman（贞妇）的同义词，并产生了withapenelopefaith（坚贞不渝）这个短语。而APenelope'sWeb这个成语比喻thetacticsofdelayingsthonpurposel;thetaskthatcanneverbefinished的意思Idioms&MythGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsDamonandPythiasFrinendsarefriendsuntildeath.这两个朋友如刎颈之交般的忠诚。ThosetwofriendsareasloyalasDamonandPythias.ASisypheantaskIdiomsendlessandunavailing,aslabororataskGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsexampleWhattheydoisaSisypheantask.他们所干的活是徒劳的苦役。Idioms&MythGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsUndertheroseinsecret这件事最后还是暗地解决了。Thematterwasfinallysettledundertherose.OedipusComplexIdioms&Mythwinvictory,successanddistinction.GamesReviewCommentsIdiomsOtherusagesLooktoOne'sLaurels:爱惜名声;保持记录RestonOne'sLaurels:坐享清福;光吃老本AdonisIdioms&MythAveryhardworkGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsexampleahandsomeman,themortalmansobeautifulthatAphroditeherselffellinlovewithhimTothisday,anunpleasantwomanmaybecalleda"harpy"(awingedmonsterwithawoman'storsoandabird'sfeet)harpyIdioms&MythAveryhardworkGamesReviewCommentsIdiomsexampleThisphrasecomesfromamythaboutthereekGodofSleep,MorpheusApollodrugmorphineApollo,thesungod,andhismultipleroles,versatile,personable,soinEnglish,hebecamesynonymouswithgood-lookingmanTheimpactofGreekmythologyonwesterncultureandlanguageisn'tconfinedtoindividualwords.Manyexpressions,proverbsandclichearedirectreferencestoancientGreekmyths."caughtbetweenarockandahardplace"and"betweentheDevilandthedeepbluesea“bothcomefromtalesaboutsailorsbeingcaughtbetweenthemonstersScyllaandCharybdisofGreekmythology.Olivebranch(olivebranch)hasbeenwellknownsymbolofpeace,theallusionsoriginatedinGreekmythology,AresAthena(Athena).AthenanamedforthecityofAthens,hepresentedanolivebranch,Iwishthecityisalwayspeacefulandrich.橄榄枝(olivebranch)象征和平已经世人皆知，该典故起源于希腊神话中的战神雅典娜(Athena)。雅典娜在为雅典城命名时曾赠送一根橄榄枝，祝愿这座城市永远和平富饶。WeoftenfataltermbythreeGreekmythology,thegoddessoffate(theFates)evolved.Threelifegoddessinchargeofthelineoflife,Crowshuttle(Clotho)Divisionyarn,wovenLevinitsHeath(Lachesis);whenshefinishedtextiletoAtropos(Atropos),ArteroPersiaimmediatelycutoffthelineoflife,lifewillbeover.Thus,fromthefatalwordderivedfromthegoddessoffate,notonlyaboutdeath,butalsothroughoutthelifecourse.OthercommonexpressionsthatdemonstrateGreekmythology'simpactonmodernsocietiesinclude:anAchillesheel(asinglefatalvulnerability)havingtheMidastouch(everythingturnstogold)lyinginthearmsofMorpheus(sleeping)openingPandora'sBox(unlockingaworldoftrouble)richasCroesus(Croesuswasknownforhiswealth)thefacethatlaunchedathousandships(awomanworthgoingtowarfor).2.CulturalImpactGreekmythology'simpactonmodernsocietiesisoftenseenintheartsandpopularculture.Inthe1980s,theall-femalerockbandTheBangleshadatoptenhitwiththesingleVenus.Televisionshowsandmovies,suchasDisney'sHercules,havealsoreintroducedmythologicalfigurestonewgenerations,includingcharacterssuchasHades,theLordoftheUnderworld.Infact,movieshavebeenretellingversionsofHercule'sstorysincethe1950s.SomeofthemostfamousworksofartandliteraturedemonstratetheimpactofGreekmythologyonwesternculture.Botticelli's“TheBirthofVenus”isoneoftheworld'smostrecognizablepaintings.OperasoftendelveintoGreekmythology,aswell.Offenbach'sOrpheusintheUnderworldisoneofthemostfamousexamples.GreatwriterssuchasDante,ShakespeareandMiltonmakefrequentreferencestoGreekmythology,somuchsothatanunderstandingofGreekmythsisnecessarytotrulyappreciatetheirworks.AmericanwriterNathanielHawthorne'sTanglewoodTalesisacollectionofrewrittenGreekmyths.3.ScienceItisdifficulttofairlyascribetoGreecetherootsofscience,sincescienceasarecognizabledisciplineonlybecamedistinguishableratherrecently,butformostofhistorywhatweconsidersciencehasbeenentwinedwithphilosophyandpolitics,andinthatformtheGreeks(particularlyArchimedes)wereoncemoretheprogenitors.Tothisend,theycreatedthefirstsiegeengines,thefirstalarmclock,andmanyotherinventions.Greekmythology'simpactonmodernsocietiescanbeseenonanyclearnight.ManyconstellationsarenamedaftercharactersormonstersfromGreekmyths,includingCassiopeia,Andromeda,HerculesandGemini.EXAMPLEAlloftheplanetsandmostofthemoonsinthesolarsystemarealsonamedafterGreekmythologicalcharacters,althoughtheplanetshavebeengivenRomanversionsoftheGreeknames.EvenourEarthwasnamedafteraGreekmyth:Anothernameforourplanetis"Gaia,"thenameoftheGreekearthmother.Uranus(天王星),Jupiter(木星),Pluto(冥王星),Neptune(海王星),Venus(金星)希腊神话中的人物的名称还进入了科技和军事领域。美国科学家把探索太空的 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 命名为阿波罗计划，用海神的象征三叉戟(Trident)给潜水艇命名。Greekmythologyfiguresalsoenterthenameofthescienceandtechnologyandmilitaryfields.AmericanscientistsplantoexplorespacenamedApolloprogram,asymboloftheTridentwithPoseidon(Trident)submarinestothename.4.LiteratureWhetheritisepic.Reasoningpoetry,tragedy,comedy,lyricpoetry,history,biography,geography,philosophy,alltheworksareprominentlyreflectedthespiritoftheancientGreeks.SuchasofVirgil’s"Aeneid",Ovid’s"Metamorphosis"(andHorace’s0desallreferencesGreekmythology.GreekmythologyAcuralove,andblessedthestrugglebetweengoodandevil,praisethemagicandbeautyofnature,tocelebratetheheroismportrayedthepainandstruggleoftheindividual.InthehistoryofEnglishliteraturefromChaucer,Spenser,ShakespeareandMiltontoShelley,Keats,Byronandotherpoetsandwriters,theirworksalmostalloverthetracesofGreekmythology,fromGreekmythologytogetinspiration.Prometheusstealingfireistheobjectofonepoet,hetaughtthepeoplewithfiretheability,tomakehumansoulofallthings,whichangeredZeus,pinninghimtothemountainsoftheCaucasus,dailyeaglepeckhisheart.Immediatelyaftereatingandgrowth,Prometheusistiedontheprecipice,aftercountlessmiserableyears,beforefinallybeingsavedbyHercules.Thousandsofyears,theheroicimagehasbeenlivingintheheartsofthepeople,theidealmaterialforEuropeanandAmericanwriters.SincetheancientGreektragicpoetAeschyluswrotethefamoustragedy"PrometheusBound",theimmortalimageofthearthasintheRomanticpoetLordByron,"Prometheus",Shelley's"liberationthePrometheus"andAmericanpoetHenryWadsworthLongfellow's"Prometheus,orthepoetoftheIlluminati"andotherworks,theimageofPrometheuswiththenewspiritofthetimes,humanbeingsfullofloveofthecommunitywiththefightingspiritoftoughnessAncientGreecehashadanenormousamountofimpactoncultureinthewesternworld.SomeofthefirstworksofliteratureinthewestofwhichwehaverecordcomefromGreece,andalthoughtheywerecreatedatatimeafterolderworksfromMesopotamiaorChina,suchepicpoemsastheIliadandOdysseyhaveexertedwideinfluenceovergenerationaftergenerationofwesternthinkers.Greecewashometomanyother"firsts"inthehumanities,suchasthefirsthistoryandhistorian(Herodotus,Thucydides,Xenophon),thewholeoftheinitialdevelopmentofdramaticandcomedicplays,thefirstpractitionersofmathematics,manydevelopmentsinpoliticalscienceincludingthecreationofdemocracyandrepublics(albeitinoligarchicform),andvirtuallythewholeofthefundamentalsofclassicalwesternphilosophy,asfoundintheworksofPlatoandAristotle.MuchofarchitecturehasitsrootsinGreece,aswellGreekmythologyisacollectionofstoriesandnarrativesconcerningtheirgods,heroesandmythologicalcreatures.Hesiod'sTheogonyisanimportantsourceofmythsaswellasHomer'sepicpoems.5.AdvertisementandReportsFonteynmadeallthemajorclassicalrolesofherown,andshebecamethefavoritemuseofBritishchoreographerFrederickAshtonwhocreated“Ap-parition”and“Daphnisandchloe”forher.(Newsweek)(芳妲自己创造了主要的古典角色,也成了英国编舞艺术家阿什顿最喜爱的女神,他为她编了芭蕾舞剧《幻影》和《达芙妮斯和柯乐》。)themuses是希腊神话中宙斯的九个女儿,掌管文艺,包括舞蹈女神Terpsichore。这里借用女神muse指这位芭蕾舞大师。TheNationalAeronauticandSpaceAdministrationhadcalledita"successorientedone"scheduletogetthespaceshuttleflyingagain,buttheodysseyof"Discovery"wasbesetwithvariousproblem.ThissentenceAuthorflexibilityintheuseofthe"odyssey",thewordcomesfromtheGreekmythoftheheroicOdysseus(Odysseus).TrojanWarheroOdysseusintheendofthewarafterundergoinguntoldhardshipsontheseadriftforayearbeforereturningtothemotherlandO.Here,theword"odyssey"isusedtomean"discovered"inspaceexplorationactivitiesexperiencedinthevarioussetbacksanddifficulties. TheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationhadcalledita“successoriented”scheduletogetthespaceshuttleflyingagain,buttheodysseyof“Discovery”wasbesetwithvariousproblems.(国家航空和航天局曾将航天飞机再度发射称作一个“十拿九稳”的计划,但“发现者”号的旅程一波三折,问题重重。)特洛伊战争中的英雄奥德修斯(Odysseus)在战争结束后历经千辛万苦,在海上漂泊十年后返回祖国,这个典故用在这里指“发现者”号的发射活动历经各种挫折和困难。Forexample,theUnitedStatesproducedaseniorcampaigntrademarkNiketrainers(Nike),isborrowinggoddessofvictoryinGreekmythologyNikc'sname.Review1theswordofDamocles:Haveasenseofanxiety,ofimpendingdoom.CommentsIdiomsGamesReview4sphinx’sriddleSecretorriddlethatcannotbesolved.2HerculestaskAveryhardwork.3Pandora’sboxasourceofmanyunforeseentroubles.5Penelop’swebtheworkthatcannotbefinishedCommentsIdiomsGamesReview8psychedupMentallyready,prepared,pumped,upforsomething6cheersb.（sth.）totheechoCheerforsb(sth)foralongtime7DamonandPythiasFrinendsarefriendsuntildeath.9StablesofAugeasverydirtyplaceCommentsIdiomsGamesReview12Undertheroseinsecret10ASisypheantaskendlessandunavailing,aslabororatask11Swansongthelastworkofapoet,musicianorwriter.13asshyasDaphneasshyasayoungladyCommentsIdiomsGamesReview14Win/GainLaurelswinvictory,successanddistinctionAnimalandplantname:narcissus,spider,CommentsIdiomsGamesReviewScientificnamesandterms:Achilles,mercuryGeographicNamesNameofthemonthThatisall.Thankyou!CommentsIdiomsGamesReview