ASC3 Colonial Era

nullASC3: American History ASC3: American History Colonial America (1607-1776)Colonial AmericaColonial AmericaEarly Explorers Discovery of the New World English Colonies in North America Colonial Development in the 18th century American IndiansAmerican IndiansAmerican Indians came from Asia through the bridge at today’s Bering Strait.Bering StraitIce-Age Migration RoutesIce-Age Migration RoutesAmerican Indians traveled south and spread across North and South America.Stereotype about Native IndiansStereotype about Native IndiansAll Indians share a common culture, language, and physical appearance.American Indians in North AmericaAmerican Indians in North AmericaThere were hundreds of different tribes in North America. There is wide diversity among American Indian tribes. They have distinct histories, cultures, beliefs, languages, and physical characteristics.nullnullAn Apache WomanA Mohican ChieftainA Comanche ChieftainA Hopi ManA Cherokee ManA Navaho ManNew Social Forces in EuropeNew Social Forces in Europe 1. Development of capitalism & national wealth 2. Social problems 3. the Reformation Because of the social forces, the European countries rushed to expand.The European SituationThe European SituationWhy did the Europeans begin to explore overseas? Gold: A country’s greatness could be measured by the country’s amount of trade in gold and silver. God: Europeans wanted to spread Christianity across the globe. Glory: Explorers could gain glory for themselves and their country.Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus An Italian navigator supported by Spanish monarch, Columbus was looking for an ocean route to India. 1492 – Sailed across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain to the Bahamas (in the Caribbean Sea). Until he died, he believed that he had reached Asia. He did not know that it was a new continent.Amerigo VespucciAmerigo VespucciThe newly-found land America was named in honor of the Italian navigator Amerigo Vespucci.Spanish ConquestSpanish ConquestSpain started a war of conquest and established an empire called New Spain.English ExplorationEnglish ExplorationBy the end of the 16th century, England joined the race of exploration of the New World. Queen ElizabethⅠgave royal permission to many chartered companies. (特许公司)Elizabeth ⅠJamestownJamestownIn 1607, the first permanent British colony was founded in Jamestown, Virginia.Jamestown, VirginiaJamestown, VirginiaOn July 30, 1619, the House of Burgesses was the great beginning of self-government of Americans. A ship brought over 20 black people from Africa, which was the beginning of slavery for the future United States. English Colony: PlymouthEnglish Colony: PlymouthIn 1620, a group of Puritans took the ship Mayflower and left Holland for North America.PlymouthBefore landing, the colonists signed the Mayflower Compact.PlymouthnullThe Mayflower Compact granted political rights to any men willing to remain and abide by the laws.It was the first attempt to establish written laws in American colonies.It was also the first attempt to establish democratic society in American colonies.The First ThanksgivingThe First ThanksgivingIn the autumn of 1621, the pilgrims invited Indians to celebrate their first harvest in the New World. RegionsRegionsNew England Middle Colonies Chesapeake Bay Colonies Deep Southern ColoniesThe Great Migration The Great Migration In 1630s, there was a large number of Puritans who left England for the New World. John Winthrop established Massachusetts Bay Company and promised a “City upon a Hill” for all the world to see. English Colony: Rhode IslandEnglish Colony: Rhode IslandRoger Williams established Rhode Island colony. He believed that governments should have no connection to a church. Separation of church and state became one of the most important governing ideas in America. New England ColoniesNew England ColoniesMassachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut New HampshireMiddle ColoniesMiddle ColoniesThe Dutch established New Netherland. In 1626, the Dutch bought two islands from the local Indians. Immigrants from various countries built a town named New Amsterdam.Middle ColoniesIn 1664, the English troops got control of New Netherland. King Charles II gave New Amsterdam to his brother James. It was known as New York. The King gave some of the land to two friends. They called it New Jersey. Middle ColoniesPennsylvaniaPennsylvaniaWilliam Penn wanted to establish a colony for the Quakers. In 1681, the King gave him land named Pennsylvania, meaning Penn's woods. Middle ColoniesNew York New Jersey Pennsylvania DelawareMiddle ColoniesMarylandMarylandKing Charles I gave the land to Lord Baltimore in 1632. Lord Baltimore wanted to start a colony in North America for Catholics. Southern ColoniesSouthern ColoniesIn 1663, Charles II gave to eight English lords the land known as Carolina. In 1712, it was divided into South Carolina and North Carolina.GeorgiaGeorgiaGeorgia was established in 1732 by James Edward Oglethorpe as an experiment to help debtors. The experiment failed and King George took control of the colony in 1752. RegionsRegionsNew England Middle Colonies Chesapeake Bay Colonies Deep Southern ColoniesColonial Development in the 18th Century Colonial Development in the 18th Century Immigrants to the New World: 1. Free settlers 2. Indentured servants 3. Convicts 4. African slavesRegional Difference in British ColoniesRegional Difference in British ColoniesnullThe colonists in Virginia had an elected government that worked with the King’s governor. The Pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact that allowed everyone equality. Rhode Island created the idea of separation of church and state. The middle colonies allowed friendly people of any religion or ethnicity to move to North America.What is important about the colonies?Key PointsKey PointsTime: 1492; 1607; 1620 People: Christopher Columbus; Amerigo Vespucci Place: thirteen colonies Event: Columbian Exploration Document: The Mayflower CompactKey PointsKey PointsQuestions: 1. Why did the Europeans begin to explore overseas in the 15th and 16th centuries? 2. How were Jamestown and Plymouth established? 3. What were difference between New England colonies and southern ones?