十二 Unit4 Extendedreading&Project【基础全面练】Ⅰ.根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1.Asthe______(格言,谚语)goes,theearlybirdcatchestheworm.2.Thetreecastits_______(阴影,影子)onthewall.3.Mostofthecomputersweareusingare______(数码的,数字的)computers.4.The_______(外面的,外部的)featuresofthebuildingareveryattractive.5.Wordscannotdescribethe______(美,美丽)ofthescene.6.Hehasbeenbroughtinto__________(strength)thedefence.sayingshadowdigitalexternalbeautystrengthen7.Theyoung_______(talent)girlismostlikelytowinthematch.8.Housesinthesuburbsoftenhaveno___________(individual).9.The________(content)oftheletteraresecret.10.Comingtopintheexamwasquitean___________(achieve).talentedindividualitycontentsachievementⅡ.用恰当的介词填空1.Theheavycloudofdisappointmentseemedtohang____thewholeproceedings.2.Saleshavenotlivedup__expectationsthisyear.3.Studentshaveputforwardaseries__questions.4.Wealltakepride__yoursuccess.5.Atlast,thiswasachancetoshow___hertalentsbeforearealaudience.6.Thefirewallguardsthecomputer_______virusesorotherharmfulprograms.7.Iplaythepianotolerablywell,thoughIhavenoparticulartalent___it.overtoofinoffagainstforⅢ.根据提示翻译句子1.他最终考试没及格。(endup)____________________________ 2.我对当前的收入很满意。(content)_________________________________ 3.这场病对他的人生观产生了深刻的影响。(effect)____________________________________________ 4.作为一个学生,你应该记住学习很重要。(keep...inmind)__________________________________________________________ 5.也许这本书会对你的研究有用处。(prove)___________________________________________________________ Heendedupfailingintheexam.Iamcontentwithmypresentincome.Theillnesshadaprofoundeffectonhisviewoflife.Asastudent,youshouldkeepinmindthatstudyisveryimportant.Perhapsthisbookwillprovetobeofsomeusetoyouinyourstudies.【综合应用练】Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021•鹤岗高一检测)Theskinundertheeyesisdelicate,whichiswhyitsometimesappearssunkenandhasdarkercoloringthanelsewhereontheface.Agingandhealthproblemsplayaroleinsunkeneyesbutotherfactorscancontributetoo,soitmayaffectyoungerpeopleaswell.DehydrationThemostcommoncauseofsunkeneyesisdehydration,ornothavingenoughwaterinthebody.Consumingtoomuchcoffee,soda,andprepackageddrinksmayincreaseproductionofurine,whichmayleadtodehydration.VitaminshortagesShortagesofvitaminC,vitaminK,andironcancauseeyestobecomesunken.VitaminChelpswithabsorbingironanddecreasingbruising,whilevitaminKisresponsibleforbloodthickening,thelackofwhichmaycauseunhealthyskin.Easybruisingandunhealthyskinwillresultinsunkeneyes.WeightlossMostpeopletendtoloseweightintheirfacefirst.Sometimes,theweightlossissuddenenoughtomakebloodvesselsbelowtheeyeseasytosee,andtheskinclear,producingtheappearanceofsunkeneyes.Suddenweightlossmayalsocausenutritionalshortages,whichcanleadtosunkeneyes.Notenoughsleeporpoor-qualitysleepcancausesunkeneyesandaperson’sDNAorthehabitofsmokingcanalsocontributetosunkeneyes.Mostcasesofsunkeneyesrelatetothequalityofanindividual’snutritionandhealthyliving.Whenthesecausesarecorrected,sunkeneyescanberesolvedwithoutfurthertreatment.Thismeansthatcausescanbeavoidedortreatedingoodtimetopreventtherecurrenceofsunkeneyes.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。眼睛下面的皮肤很娇嫩,这就是为什么它有时会凹陷,颜色比脸部其他部位更深。老化和健康问题是造成眼窝凹陷的原因之一,但其他因素也有影响,文章主要说明了三个容易造成眼窝凹陷的影响因素。1.Whatcanwedotopreventdehydrationaccordingtothetext?A.Havecertaindrinksless.B.Refusecoffee.C.Drinkmorewater.D.Saynotosoftdrinks.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中最后一句可知饮用过多的咖啡、苏打水和预包装饮料可能会增加尿液的产生,从而导致脱水。由此可知,我们可以少喝某些饮料来防止脱水。故选A。2.Whatwillleadtobruisingbelowtheeyes?A.LackofvitaminK.B.Watershortages.C.LackofvitaminC.D.Nutritionalshortages.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中VitaminChelpswithabsorbingiron...resultinsunkeneyes.可知维生素C有助于吸收铁和减少瘀伤,而维生素K负责血液变浓,缺乏它可能会导致不健康的皮肤。容易擦伤和不健康的皮肤会导致眼窝凹陷。由此可知,缺乏维生素C会导致眼睛下面的瘀青。故选C。3.Whichofthefollowingshouldbeavoidedforpeoplelosingweight?A.Palefaces.B.Suddenweightloss.C.Cleanskin.D.Narrowbloodvessels.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Mostpeopletendtoloseweight...whichcanleadtosunkeneyes.可知大多数人倾向于先在脸上减肥。有时候,体重突然下降,眼睛下面的血管容易被看清,皮肤也会变得透明,产生眼窝凹陷的现象。体重突然下降还可能造成营养不足,从而导致眼窝凹陷。由此可知,减肥的人应该避免体重突然下降。故选B。B(2021•枣庄高一检测)Youcannotjudgeabookbylookingatitscover!That’swhatagroupofparentsandstudentsinHangzhouhasfoundoutthisterm.WhentheycametoschoolinSeptember,thestudentswereshockedtolearnthattheirclassteacherwastobeaP.E.teacher.Howcouldsomeonewhoteachestabletennisandbasketballknowanythingaboutacademics?Theirparentswereequallyworriedandpressuredtheschooltoreplace“MissMuscle”witha“MissBrain”.However,theprincipal(校长)didnotgiveintothepressureandnowtheparentsandstudentsarehappythattheschoolfirmlyinsisted.Afterthreemonths,theP.E.teacher,whosenameisactuallyMissSu,hasturnedouttobeawonderfulclassteacher.Sheisintelligent,kindandhelpful.Sheisagoodleaderwhokeepsherstudentsactiveintheirstudiesandparticipateinschoolactivities.Andshehaswontheparentsoverwithherrealcaringfortheirchildren.Inotherwords,MissSu,theP.E.teacher,is“prettyextraordinary”.TheearlynegativereactionagainstMissSuisanexampleofbias(偏见).“Bias”iswronginthinkingthathasaninfluenceonaperson’sopinionsanddecisions.Forexample,inbusiness,tallmenaremorelikelytobebosses.IntheUnitedStates,anyonewhoisabove190centimeterstallcanexpecttohaveahighersalaryandtogetmorepromotionsthanhisshorterco-workers.Similarly,womenhaveadifficulttimeclimbingthecareerladderbecausetheirbosses(mostlymen!)thinkthatwomenlackleadershipskillsandthenecessarytoughnesstomakedifficultdecisions.Neitheroftheseopinionsisbasedonfactsorthetalentsoftheindividual.They’rejustbias.【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过讲述杭州某中学的家长对体育老师当班主任态度的转变,提出了我们不能“以貌取人”,即不能带着偏见来判断一个人。4.Whatseemedtobetheparents’earlyreactiontoMissSu?A.Theywereexcited.B.Theywereamazed.C.Theywereworried.D.Theywereinterested.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的Theirparentswereequallyworriedandpressuredtheschooltoreplace“MissMuscle”witha“MissBrain”.可知孩子的父母很担心,并给学校施压,希望用教文化科目的老师代替教体育的老师。C.Theywereworried.(他们很担心)符合,故选C。5.WhyisMissSuconsideredtobe“prettyextraordinary”?A.SheisanexcellentP.E.teacher.B.Shewasfinallyremoved.C.Shereallycaredaboutherstudents.D.Theheadmasterwasprovedtobewrong.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的Andshehaswontheparentsoverwithherrealcaringfortheirchildren.Inotherwords,MissSu,theP.E.teacher,is“prettyextraordinary”.可知因为苏老师对孩子们的关爱,家长们认为她是一个卓越的老师。C.Shereallycaredaboutherstudents.(她真的关爱她的学生)符合,故选C。6.Theexamplesaregiveninthelastparagraphtoshow______. A.tallmenareusuallyexcellentB.peopleareoftenjudgedwithbiasC.opinionsshouldbebasedonfactsD.womenlackleadershipskills【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的Forexample,inbusiness,tallmen...womenlackleadershipskillsandthenecessarytoughnesstomakedifficultdecisions.可推测这些例子主要是为了说明人们常常受到带有偏见的评判。B.peopleareoftenjudgedwithbias(人们常常受到带有偏见的评判)符合,故选B。7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthebias?A.Disagreeable. B.Acceptable.C.Careless.D.Curious.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的Neitheroftheseopinionsisbasedonfactsorthetalentsoftheindividual.They’rejustbias.(这些观点都不是基于事实或个人的天赋,它们只是偏见)可推测作者不赞成带着偏见判断一个人。A.Disagreeable.(不同意)符合,故选A。C(2021•绵阳高一检测)Teenagerswhostarttheschoolearlyarelikelytoweighslightlymorethanthosewhostartlater.That’sthefindingofanewstudyofnearly30,000Canadiansbetweentheagesof10and18.Gettingtoolittlesleepcanputkidsatriskforanumberofproblems.Sleepyteensaremorelikelytobeoverweight,tohavetroubleconcentratingandtostruggleinschool.GenevieveGariepy,whoworksatMcgillUniversityinMontreal,Canada,wantedtoknowhowearlierschoolstarttimesmightbeconnectedwithweight.“OverweightinteenagersisabigprobleminNorthAmerica,”shesays.Thenumberofoverweightkidshasgrownoverthepast30years.SoGariepydecidedtohomeinontheimpact(影响)ofschoolstarttimes. Herteamcollectedstarttimesfor362Canadianschools.Thentheyaskedstudentsatthoseschoolstogivetheirheightandweight.Inall,theycollecteddatafromnearly30,00010to18-year-olds.Among6thto10thgraders,thosewhostartedschoolearlierwerelikelytobeslightlyheavierfortheirheight.Every10-minutedelayinschoolstarttimewasconnected,onaverage,withalightlylowerweightamongstudentswhowerethesamesex,ageandheight.However,thedifferenceisslight.Healthyeatingandgettingenoughexercisewillplayabiggerroleinkeepingahealthyweight.Becausethestudycomparedkidswhoalreadystartedschoolatdifferenttimesofday,it’snotclearthatchangingschoolstarttimewouldhelpheavierkidsloseweight.Toknowforsure,researcherswouldwanttocomparethesamekidsbeforeandafterchangingtoalaterschoolstarttime.Still,thestudyisagoodstart,saysCoraColletteBruener,adoctoratSeattleChildren’sHospitalinWashington.Thefindingsaddtoagrowingpileofevidencethatlaterschoolstarttimemightbebetterforteenhealth,shesays.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明每天较早上学的青少年可能比晚上学的青少年的体重重一些。上学时间晚一些可能对青少年的健康更好,因此作者呼吁学校领导更改学校的作息时间表。8.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A.Moreandmoreteensaregrowingoverweight.B.Healthydietsandenoughexercisehelpreduceweight.C.Teenswhostartschoolearlierarealittleoverweight.D.Teenswhostartschoolearlierdonotperformwell.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Teenagerswhostarttheschoolearly...betweentheagesof10and18.”可知,每天较早上学的青少年可能比晚上学的青少年的体重重一些,这是对近30000名10至18岁的加拿大人进行研究得出的结果。即新研究发现每天较早上学的青少年可能有些超重。故选C。9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“homeinon”inParagraph3probablymean?A.reduceB.focusonC.movetoD.judge【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Overweightinteenagersisabigproblem...overthepast30years.”和第二段中的“GenevieveGariepy,whoworks...mightbeconnectedwithweight.”可知,在北美洲青少年超重是一个大问题。在过去30年中,超重儿童的数量有所增加。Gariepy想要知道较早的上学时间可能与体重有多大的关联。由此可以看出Gariepy想要关注较早的上学时间与体重之间的联系,即可推断出画线短语的意思是“关注”。focuson:致力于,对(某事或做某事)予以注意。故选B。10.WhatdoesCoraColletteBruenerthinkofthestudy?A.Ithasinspiringvalue.B.Itlacksfurthersupport.C.Itneedsimproving.D.Itiswelldesigned.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Still,thestudyisagoodstart,...mightbebetterforteenhealth,shesays.”可知,华盛顿西雅图儿童医院的医生CoraColletteBruener表示,这项研究是一个良好的开端。这些发现使越来越多的证据表明晚一些的上学时间可能对青少年的健康更好。因此CoraColletteBruener认为这项研究具有启发性的价值。故选A。11.Thepassageiswrittento______. A.discusswhenschoolsshouldstartB.informthefindingofarecentstudyC.warnparentstotakegoodcareofkidsD.callonschoolleaderstochangeschools’schedules【解析】选D。推理判断题。通读全文可知,晚一些的上学时间可能对青少年的健康更好。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁学校领导更改学校的时间表。故选D。Ⅱ.阅读填句 Thekeytolosingweightistounderstandwhatreallymotivatesyou.Haveyoueverbeenexcitedaboutlosingafewpounds? 1 Andtohelpyoukeepyourweightundercontrol,youneedsomestrategies. Askquestions.Whenyou’reresearchingdifferentdietingproductsandplansoreventalkingtoadoctoraboutdiets,askasmanyquestionsasyoucan. 2 Askquestionslike:DoIhavetopurchasespecialmealsorsupplements?Doestheprogramincludeaparttohelpmemaintainmyweightloss? Getreal. 3 Don’tburdenyourselfwithunrealisticexpectations.Remember,largeamountsofweightlossarenotrealisticandaremostlikelynotsafeorhealthy.Talkwithyourhealthcareprofessionaltodetermineahealthyweightgoal. 4 Tomaintainyourweight,youmustbalanceyourintakeofcalorieswiththeenergyyouburn.Just30minutesoffastwalkinginmostdayscantakeabout10poundsoffyourweighteachyear. Weighyourselfweekly.It’simportanttotrackyourweightonanydietorweightlossplan,butdon’tgetonthescaleeveryday.Weighingdailywon’tshowyouthebigpicture. 5 A.Staybalanced.B.Onceaweekisfine.C.Stickwithyourhealthyeatingplan.D.Losingonetotwopoundsaweekisarealisticgoal.E.Beingwellinformedwillhelpyouchoosethebestdietforyou.F.Regularweightcheck-inswillshowyouyourprogressovertime.G.Ifso,youmustfindawaytoturnthatexcitementintodetermination.【文章大意】本文讲述了关于帮助减肥的一些建议和方法。1.【解析】选G。上文讲“你曾经为减去几磅而兴奋吗?”,下文讲“帮助你控制体重”,所以G项“如果是这样,你必须找到一种方法把兴奋转换成决心”承接上下文。G项中的“excitement”与上文的“excited”相呼应。2.【解析】选E。根据后文DoIhaveto...?的问题可知,这些问题是对自己的提问,表示是否了解自己,而E项Beingwellinformedwillhelpyouchoosethebestdietforyou.就是对这些问题的总括,意思为“很好地了解自己有利于选择一个适合自己减肥的方法”,故选E。3.【解析】选D。根据后文Don’tburden...可知,不要让自己局限于不现实的期望中,要有切合实际的目标,而D项Losingonetotwopoundsaweekisarealisticgoal.很好地阐明了这一点,故选D。4.【解析】选A。根据后文Tomaintainyourweight,...可知,要保持体重就要做到摄入的热量和燃烧的热量的平衡,而A项Staybalanced就是对此的总述,故选A。5.【解析】选B。根据前一句Weighingdailywon’tshowyouthebigpicture.可知,不用天天称体重,而B项“一周一次就好”紧接上文,故选B。Ⅲ.语法填空 Theconsequenceswithouteatingabalanceddietmaybemuchmoreseriousthanwethought.Amajorstudy1.________(suggest)itcontributestooneinfivedeathsworldwidehasbeenpublishedinTheLancetrecently.About11milliondeathseveryyearmayhavebeenpreventedbytakinginfewerredmeat,sugarydrinksandfats. Theseven-yearstudy2.________(look)atdietaryfactorsfrom1990to2018in1953.________(country)andfoundthatpeoplewereeatingtoomanyofthewrongtypesoffood,andtoolittleofthefood4.________(they)bodiesneeded.Andthatmaybe5.________importantreasonforarangeofdiseases. “Thisstudysaysthatpoordietisresponsible6.________moredeathsthananyotherriskfactor”,studyauthorChristopherMurraynotedinarelease.“7.________sodium(钠),sugarandfathavebeenthefocusofdebatesoverthepasttwodecades,ourstudy8.________(official)suggeststhattheleadingdietaryriskfactoristhelowintakeofhealthyfood.” Theresultunderlinesthatthecurrentfoodeducationcampaignsaren’tquite9.________(effect).Thefindingshowsthatnecessarymeasuresshouldbetakenurgently10.________(balance)people’sdietsaroundtheworld. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不均衡饮食的严重后果。1.【解析】suggesting。考查非谓语动词。句意:最近,一项表明它会造成世界上五分之一人口死亡的主要研究已经发表在《柳叶刀》上。
分析
定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析
句子,句子的谓语是hasbeenpublished,所以suggest要用非谓语动词形式,逻辑主语study与suggest之间是主动关系,故填suggesting。2.【解析】looked。考查动词时态。分析句子,look和found是这个句子的并列谓语,found用的过去时态,故填looked。3.【解析】countries。考查名词复数。country是可数名词,前面有195修饰,故填countries。4.【解析】their。考查形容词性物主代词。句意:这项七年的研究着眼于1990年到2018年,195个国家的饮食因素,而且发现人们吃了太多错误种类的食物,太少身体需要的食物。分析句子可知______bodiesneeded是省略了连接词的定语从句,空白处是形容词作定语,they的形容词性物主代词是their,故填their。 5.【解析】an。考查不定冠词。分析句子可知,reason是可数名词单数形式,important的发音是以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。6.【解析】for。考查介词。句意:这项研究指出不健康的饮食比任何其他风险因素都更能造成死亡。beresponsiblefor意为“对……负责”,故填for。7.【解析】Although/Though。考查连词。句意:虽然钠、糖和脂肪在过去的20年一直是争论的焦点,但是我们的研究官方地指出饮食风险的主导因素是健康食物的低摄入。根据句意,前后为“虽然……但是……”的关系,故填Although/Though。8.【解析】officially。考查副词。suggests是动词,应该用副词修饰,official的副词是officially,故填officially。9.【解析】effective。考查形容词。句意:结果表明现行的食品教育运动不是非常有效。分析句子,应该是形容词作are的表语,effect的形容词为effective,故填effective。10.【解析】tobalance。考查非谓语动词。句意:研究结果表明,在世界范围内应该迅速采取必要的
措施
《全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观软件质量保证措施下载工地伤害及预防措施下载关于贯彻落实的具体措施
来平衡人们的饮食。分析句子可知此处表目的,用todo,故填tobalance。
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