湖南省岳阳市2022届高三下学期教学质量监测（三）-英语试题

2022年岳阳市 高考 地理事物空间分布特征语文高考下定义高考日语答题卡模板高考688高频词汇高考文言文120个实词 五月模考卷英语注意事项：1．本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。3．选出每小题 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.答案是C。1．Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A．Breatheinfreshair.B．Exercisewithhim.C．Havearunningrace.2．Whatmightthewomanbegoodat?A．Lookingafterkids.B．Takingcareofelderlypeople.C．Teachingpeoplehowtofindajob.3．Whatisthespeakers’flatlike?A．Itisverysmall.B．Itisalittlenoisy.C．Itsrentisexpensive.4．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Professorandstudent.B．Doctorandpatient.C．Employerandemployee.5．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Income.B．Futurejob.C．Atrip.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inabookstore.B．Inalibrary.C．Inaclassroom.7．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?1A．Usehismiddlename.B．MeetanotherRichardSmith.C．TellanotherRichardSmiththeproblem.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whendidtheboybuytheshoes?A．OnSunday.B．OnFriday.C．OnWednesday.9．Whydoestheboywanttoreturntheshoes?A．Hedislikesthecolor.B．Hedislikesthestyle.C．Hefindsthemtoosmall.10．Howmucharethesportsshoes?A．195dollars.B．200dollars.C．205dollars.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whendidthewomancalltheman?A．Ataround3:00p.m.B．Ataround4:00p.m.C．Ataround5:00p.m.12．WheredidTomgoyesterday?A．Tothelibrary.B．Tothecompany.C．Totheairport.13．Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A．Shedidsomeresearch.B．Shemetaclient.C．Shetypedareport.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A．Herweight.B．Herbusylife.C．Herboringholiday.15．Whatdoesthemandotokeephisshape?A．Eatthefoodquickly.B．Eatmuchfavoritefood.C．Exercisemoreafterabigmeal.16．Whatdoesthemanavoideating?A．Chicken.B．Sweets.C．Milk.17．HowwillthemanspendtheChristmasholidaythisyear?A．Stayingwithhisparents.B．Stayingwithhisgirlfriendonly.C．Stayingwithhisgirlfriend’sfamily.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．What’stheweatherlikenow?A．Rainy.B．Sunny.C．Cloudy.19．Whatwillthetemperaturebetomorrownight?A．5degrees.B．15degrees.C．25degrees.20．Whatwillpeopleprobablywearnextweek?A．Shorts.B．T-shirts.C．Warmclothes.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑A2FourbestsecretbeachesintheCaribbeanSpottsBeach,GrandCaymanSurroundedbycliffs,thispicturesquebeachonGrandCaymanisexcellentforseeingseaturtles,anditslocation–thesouthcoastoftheisland–makesitperfectforwatchingthesunriseandset.Bestofall,there’slimitedparkingandonlyafewhomesnearby,soyouwon’tbeclimbingoversunbathers,norwillyoubecompetingforspaceatthepicnictablesorgrills.LittleBay,AnguillaWhenyouhavetoclimbdownaropealongaclifftogetthere,youknowit’sasecretbeach.Butthat’spreciselytheadventureittakestoenjoythequietnatureofLittleBay.Whileaccessingitmaybeabitofanupsettingexperience,onceyougettothewhitesandybeacheswithnocrowds,you’llbegladyoudid.Weguessweshouldmentionyoucantakeahiredboathere,too.LaSagesseBeach,GrenadaClearwaterandsoftsandaretwoofthemanyreasonspeopleseekoutthispeaceful,palmtree-dottedsliceoftheGrenadacoastline,whichhasbutasinglehotel.Youcanrentbeachchairsandboat,andbesuretoexplorethetropicalgardensoftheLaSagesseNatureCenter,locatedlessthanamiledowntheroad.Bookaprivatevillarightnearthebeachorchooseanearbyhotellike473GrenadaBoutiqueResort.GoldRockBeach,GrandBahamaReferredtoasa“welcomemat”duringlowtidebecauseyoucansitonthesandbar,GoldRockBeachispartoftheLucayanNationalPark,whichyouhavetowalkthroughtogettothesandyshores.You’llonlyseeacoupleofotherbeachgoersatthishiddendiamondintheBahamas,andyoucanexploreLucayan’sundergroundcavesnearby–thatis,ifyoucantearyourselfawayfromthesunshine.21．Whichbeachbestsuitspeoplewhoenjoyseaturtles?A．LittleBay,Anguilla.B．LaSagesseBeach,Grenada.C．SpottsBeach,GrandCayman.D．GoldRockBeach,GrandBahama.22．HowcanatouristreachLittleBay,Anguilla?A．Bydrivingacar.B．Bysimplywalking.C．Bytakingahiredplane.D．Byclimbingdownarope.23．WhatisspecialaboutGoldRockBeach,GrandBahama?A．Touristscanvisittropicalgardens.B．Touristscanexploreundergroundcaves.C．Touristscanappreciatethesunriseandset.D．Touristscanspotclearwaterandsoftsand.BGrowingupinapoorAfricanAmericanneighborhood,CarlAllambyandhisfivebrothersandsisterswereraisedbytheirstay-at-homemotherandafatherwhosoldhomegoodsdoor-to-door.Hefacedlowexpectationsandnumerousbarrierstopursuinghisdream.Hisschooldidn’toffertheadvancedscienceclassesthatmighthaveledhimonapremed(医学预科班)path,sohesetasidethoughtsofbecomingadoctor.Hehadstarteditattheageof19,workingaloneoutofarentedbayinafriend’sgarage.Overtheyears,ithadgrownintotwoshopswith11employees,butAllambyhadbecomeanxious,longingforsomethingmore.Soattheageof34,hedecidedtogoforhisbachelor’sdegreeinbusinessmanagement.3Aftertakingclassespart-timeoverthenextfiveyears,Allambywastoldhehadtotakebiologytogethisdegree.Biologyclassawakenedachildhooddreamwithinhimself.Withthesupportofhiswifeandfamily,hesoondecidedtoskipbusinessschoolinfavorofthescienceclasseshe’dneedforasecondcareerasahealth-careworker.Becomingadoctorwhenhewouldbeapproachingtheageof50wasclearlycrazy.Hewouldinsteadbecomeanurseoraphysicianassistantlikehiswife,hethought.ButAllamby’schemistryprofessorencouragedhimtopursuehisdreamtobeadoctor.Andsoin2015,AllambystartedatNortheastOhioMedicalUniversity.In2019,attheageof47,CarlAllambybecameCarlAllamby,MD.NowAllambyisasecond-yearresident.“Howmanypeoplecandosomethingsobrand-newandhavesomuchstimulationandresponsibilityatsuchalatestageintheirlife?”hesays,“IamtoldthatIshouldn’tbeadoctor.Whetherit’sbecauseofmyage,myrace,myupbringing,ormypastcareer,theseareallgoodreasonswhyIshouldn’tbehere.Andyet,hereIam.”24．WhatmadeCarlfailtobecomeadoctorwhenhewasyoung?A．Nosocialbarriers.B．Parents’beingjobless.C．Highexpectationsfromhisparents.D．Noadvancedscienceclassesinhisschool.25．WhatawakenedCarl’schildhooddream?A．Chemistryclass.B．Businessclass.C．Biologyclass.D．Hisprofessor’sencouragement.26．WhydidCarlskipbusinessschool?A．Toattendscienceclasses.B．Tomanagehisshops.C．Totakepart-timeclasses.D．Tosupporthisfamily.27．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCarl?A．Caring.B．DeterminedC．Honest.D．Good-tempered.CForcenturies,fishersinNarrangansetthavefishedinthewatersofthenorthwesternAtlanticforherrings(鲱鱼).Butasclimatechangewarmstheworld’sseas,theherringsaredisappearingatthesouthernendoftheirrangeandturningupmoreoftenatitsnorthernedges.Astudyshowsthatconcentrationsofmarine(海洋的)speciespopulationshavebeenshiftingawayfromtheequator(赤道)andtowardthepolesduringthecourseofthepastcentury.Thesemovementscouldwreakhavoconfoodwebsandendangerthelivelihoods(生计)offishers.Thetropical(热带的)waterattheequatoriswell-knownforhavingtherichestdiversityofmarinelifeonEarth.Thenumberofmarinespeciesnaturallydecreasesgraduallyasyouheadtowardsthepoles.Ecologistshaveassumedthisglobalpatternhasremainedstableoverrecentcenturiesuntilnow.Ourrecentstudyfoundtheoceanaroundtheequatorhasalreadybecometoohotformanyspeciestosurvive,andthatglobalwarmingisresponsible.Andasspeciesfleetocoolerwatertowardsthepoles,it’slikelytohavedeepimpactsonmarineecosystems.Losingspeciesintropicalecosystemsmeansecologicaladaptationtoenvironmentalchangesisreduced,potentiallydamageecosystempersistence.Insubtropicalecosystems,speciesrichnessisincreasing.Thismeansthere’llbespeciesinvaders,andnewcompetitiverelationships.Thiscouldresultinecosystemcollapseinwhichspeciesgoextinctandecosystemservices(suchasfoodsupplies)are4permanentlychanged.Onewayistoreduceouremissionsaggressively.Otheropportunitiescouldalsohelpsafeguardbiodiversityandhopefullyminimizetheworstimpactsofitshiftingawayfromtheequator.Designingclimate-smartreservescouldfurtherprotectbiodiversityfromfuturechanges.Forexample,reservesformarinelifecouldbeplacedwheretheclimatewillbestableovertheforeseeablefuture.Weshouldtakeactionwithoutdelay.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“wreakhavocon”probablymeaninParagraph1?A．ClarifyB．Classify.C．Destroy.D．Purify.29．Whatcanbelearntfromthesecondparagraph?A．Somespeciesmovetowaterinlowertemperature.B．Moremarinespeciesexistatthepolesthantheequator.C．Thesubtropicalwaterhasthemostdiversemarinespecies.D．Theglobalpatternoftheecosystemremainsunchangednow.30．Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A．Theincreaseofspeciesinsubtropicalecosystem.B．Thedeclineofecologicalchangesintheocean.C．Thetemporarychangesinecosystemservices.D．Theeffectsofspecies’immigrationonmarineecosystem.31．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A．Toinformreadersofthereductionofmarinespecies.B．Toappealtoreaderstoprotectmarinebiodiversity.C．Topredictthefutureofthemarineecosystem.D．Toexplainthereasonsforglobalwarming.DArtificialintelligence(AI)mightbeabletospotthenextvirustojumpfromanimalstohumans,Scottishresearchersreport.Identifyingdiseasesbeforetheybecomeathreattohumansischallenging,becauseonlyafewofthenearly2millionanimalvirusescaninfecthumans.Bydevelopingmachinelearningmodels,researcherscananalyzegeneticpatternsofvirusesthatmightinfectpeople.“Ourfindingsshowthatthezoonotic(动物传染人的)potentialofvirusescanbeinferredtoasurprisinglylargeextentfromtheirgenomesequence(基因组序列).”theresearchersattheUniversityofGlasgowreported.“Byhighlightingviruseswiththegreatestpotentialtobecomezoonotic,genome-basedrankingallowsfurtherecologicalandvirologicalcharacterizationtobetargetedmoreeffectively.”Theresearcherssaidthemodelsareonlyafirststepinidentifyinganimalviruseswiththepotentialtoinfecthumans,however.Virusesflaggedbythemodelswillneedlaboratorytestconfirmationbeforeresearcherspursuefundingforfurtherstudy.Althoughthesemodelsmaypredictifvirusesmightinfecthumans,that’sonlyonepartofthebroaderrisk.Zoonoticriskisalsoinfluencedbyhowdestructiveavirusisinhumans,aswellasitsabilitytotransmitbetweenpeople,andecologicalconditionsatthetimeofhumanexposure.ThefindingswerepublishedonlineinthejournalPLoSBiology.Co-authorSimonBabayansaidthesefindingsaddimportantinformationtothatcollectedfromgeneticsequencingofvirusesusingAItechniques.“Themorevirusesarecharacterized,themoreeffectiveourmachinelearningmodelswillbecomeatidentifyingtherarevirusesthatoughttobecloselymonitoredandprioritizedforvaccinedevelopment.”Babayanadded.532．Whatisthesignificanceofgenome-basedranking?A．Toidentifyviruseswhichhavethreatenedhumans.B．Todiscoverhumanvirusesthatcaninfectanimals.C．Tohighlightviruseswiththeslightestchancestobecomezoonotic.D．Totargetecologicalandvirologicalcharacterizationmoreeffectively.33．Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph?A．Thefundforfurtherstudyhasbeenputinplace.B．ThereisstillalongwaytogoforAImodelstofunctionideally.C．Virusesflaggedbythemodelshavebeenconfirmedbyresearchers.D．Viruses’transmissionabilityisthemostinfluentialfactorforzoonoticrisk.34．WhatisSimonBybayan’sattitudetowardsthefindings?A．Positive.B．Ambiguous.C．Indifferent.D．Doubtful.35．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A．AIModelsSpotVariousVirusesinNature.B．AIModelsMonitorVaccineDevelopment.C．AIModelsPredictPotentialZoonoticViruses.D．AIModelsCurePotentialZoonoticDiseases.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fiveyearsago,myhusbandandIboughtaformerfarm.It’sashortridefromourVancouverhomebutaworldaway.Aswerestoretheland,Ifeelmywell-beingreturning,butIthinkthefarmisalsoworkingitsmagiconourson’sgrowingresilience(适应能力).SinceDevwas20,hehaslivedwithmentalillness.Wehavebeenonthisjourneywithhimfromcrisistorecovery.36Wefoundthefarm.Ithastakenacoupleofyearstocleartheland,seedthelawn(草坪)andbuildgardenbeds.Butwediditevenasotherpartsofourlifehadcomeundone.Thefarmwasholdingourfamilytogether.Wecomeoveronweekendsandholidaysandhavebeenplanting.37Beforehewenttotreatment,weplanteda“guild”intheoldapplefarm.38Wedugaroundtheweakertreesandplacedingarlic,wildflowersandbonemeal.Itkeepsthemoisture(水分)andnutrientsin,andthegardenseemstothrive(茁壮成长)asaresult.39Thelandneededclearing,andDoug,ourworkman,workedsteadilyandhelpedwheneverIasked.Askingforhelpisaprincipleintherecoverycommunity,alessonmysonislearning.Ittrulydoestakeavillagetorestoreafarmandrebuildalife.Thedesiretorecoverthislandhasgrowninme.40He’sfoundhisownkindofguildthatsupportshim.Owningafarmwasneverourplanbutitcamewhenourfamilyneededameaningfulproject.Whenmyhandsareinthedirt,Irememberthatintervention(干预)isnecessaryandsoisallowingnaturetotakeitscourse.Diggingisanactoffaith,hopeandanticipationofwhatwillappearnext.A．Wehelpedourselvesbyhelpingothers.B．Wealsolearnedhowtodependonothers.C．Mysonhadgreatdifficultymakingarecovery.D．Ihaveseenthisdrivetowardrestorationinmysonaswell.E．Justwhenitcouldn’tgetanyworse,anunexpectedlightoccurred.F．Duringthistime,Devisconcentratingonhisownrestorationprocess.6G．Itsaimistosupportthehealthoftreesbygroupingothersurroundingcomponents.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Somethingstrangehasbeenhappeningtome.WomeninthestreethavebeentellingmeI’m41lately.Myactofcourageisn’tmuch—Ijuststopped42myhair.IhadbrownhairthatstartedgoinggraywhenIwas30.So,Istarteddyeing(染色)it.Itwas43,messyandtime-consuming.Andmyhair44fast,soIneededtogobacktothehairsaloneveryfiveweeks.Manypeopleseemtoenjoyholdingontotheir45foraslongaspossible.Butourhairstartstoturngray,andsuddenlywestartspending$500ormoreayearto46something.IjustwishmoreofuswouldfeelthatitwasOKtobeourselvesbecausegoinggrayhasdonemoreformethan47metimeandmoney.Ilikemy48hair,justasitis.Maybeit’snotbeautiful,but49methatI’mnotakidanymore—andthisisn’tabadthing.Sothere’snothing50aboutgrowingolder.WhenIseemyhairinthe51,it’sareminderthatmytimeisnotinfinite(无限的),andIshouldspenditdoingwhat52.Iseemygrayhairasa53actofrebellion(反抗)againsttheideathatpeoplelosevalueastheyage,insteadofgainingit.Iseegrayhairasmy“54”—andI’mlettingitfly,55.41．A．braveB．fashionableC．energeticD．excited42．A．cuttingB．brushingC．coloringD．combing43．A．expensiveB．simpleC．shinyD．attractive44．A．remainedB．grewC．felloutD．driedout45．A．pastB．powerC．strengthD．youth46．A．coverB．createC．imagineD．describe47．A．keepingB．offeringC．savingD．leaving48．A．commonB．strangeC．cleanD．natural49．A．persuadesB．remindsC．comfortsD．forces50．A．doubtfulB．shamefulC．harmfulD．pitiful51．A．mirrorB．documentC．bookD．diary52．A．existsB．mattersC．worksD．means53．A．freeB．sincereC．littleD．casual54．A．symbolB．memoryC．flagD．hairstyle55．A．ambitiouslyB．aggressivelyC．silentlyD．proudly第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。AtthedeliveryceremonyinBeijinglastSaturdaymorning,thesample56(bring)backbyChina’sChang’e5washandedovertothepresidentoftheChineseAcademyofSciences.Asitreturnedsuccessfully,Chang’e557(become)thefirstlunarsample-returnspacecraftsince1976.Thesample,58includes1,700gramsoflunarrocksandsoil,islargerthanpreviousones.ThegreatincreaseinitsweightcanbeowedtoChang’e5’slunarorbitunmanneddocking(会合)program,inwhichthetwopartsofChang’e5can59(automatic)combineintoawholeinorbit.Itisalsoimportanttonotethatthegreatest60(amaze)ofthejourneyisChang’e5’slunarlandingsite—referredto61theOceanofStorms—onthenearsideofthemoon,wherenoprobes(探测器)havepaid62visitbefore.It’sgeologicallyyoungerthanthesampling63(area)oftheUSandtheformerSovietmissions,sothenewsamplewillhelpfillinanimportantpieceof7thepuzzleoftheMoon’shistory.Thedeliverymarkedthestartofresearchintothesample,theadministrationsaidinastatement,64(add)thatitwillnotmerelypublishguidelinesonthesample’sdistributionanduse,65willalsoencouragescientistsfromaroundtheworldtoparticipate.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，上周日你校举行了“Sportsmakemehappy”的主题活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1、活动时间、地点；2、活动内容；3、活动意义。注意：1、写作词数应为80左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。EveryoneintheseasidetownknowsthatFlisshasaspecialbondwithherdogMolly.Theyworktogether,livetogether,andplaytogether.TheLabrador(拉布拉多猎犬)isactuallyatFliss’ssideallthetime.Ifapersonspentthismuchtimewithafriend,theywouldprobablyhavefallenoutbynow,butthebondbetweenMollyandherownerjustgetsstrongerovertime.Flissgrewupinthecity.In2017,shemovedtotheseasidewheresheopenedabathandskincareshop.Uponarrival,shecouldn’tbelievehowmuchlitterwasleft“senselessly”onthebeach.Infact,shewasshockedbythe“unavoidable”amountoflittershefoundwhiletakingMollyforwalks.Beingapersonwhocaresalotabouthersurroundings,Flissdecidedthatshehadtodosomethingaboutitbeforethetidecarriedthelitterintothesea,threateningmarinelife.Oneday,whilecollectinglitteronthebeach,FlisssawMollyrunningtowardsherwithanemptywaterbottleinhermouth.AsMollydrewnear,shedroppedthebottleandsetouttofindotherwaste.ThisgaveFlissanidea:whatifshecouldtrainMollytofindallthoseplasticbottlesandbags,andmakegooduseofthem?ThetrainingstartedandFlisswassurprisedathowfastMollylearned.Beforelong,theclevergirlwouldventure(冒险)totheseasideonherownandcomehomewithher“prize”.ShehadsoonfilledFliss’shousewithpiecesofrubbishfromthelocalbeach.Atonepoint,Fliss’sgaragewas60%filledwithbeachlitterwaitingtobedistributedtolocalartistsforuseintheirartwork.WhenFlissheardpawsonthedoortheotherday,shewenttogreethergoodgirlasusual.Tohersurprise,shesawMollycarryingasmallplasticpurseinhermouth.Flissopenedthepurseandgasped(喘气).Insidewasapassport,severalcreditcards,andabunchofkeys.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右:2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。FlissimmediatelytookthepursetothelocalpolicestationwithMolly.8Whenthejournalistcame,theytwowereonthebeach.9