音响及音箱简介（Introduction to audio and speaker）

音响及音箱简介（Introduction to audio and speaker） 音响及音箱简介(Introduction to audio and speaker) Introduction to audio and speaker Many sound fans and enthusiasts need to solve problems in sound practice. The network provides us with a convenient platform. New era in the video to see many of the same fundamental doubts or questions, in addition to the collocation of consulting, in fact, many of them belong to the basic conceptual problems, made a summary, as the top posts, hope newcomers questions can have a look, maybe can reduce a lot of posts. I would like to welcome you to discuss it. How to ask questions Home environments choose home theater (i.e. multi-channel system) or music system (stereo or hi-fi), and ask for a question about what you expect from the system. How much will you spend on your system? And the area of the listening room? These are the essential elements of asking questions, and your questions may be answered faster by the masters. Hand over the problem to make it easy to get the answers you need. What kind of stereo do you need To build a beloved sound system or a home theater system, listening is an important element and a theme that we all pursue forever. But the person who has just been in contact with the stereo and has had the experience of listening to it is different for the same system, and it must be understood. In different environments, the differences in system Settings and adjustments are also significant and even significant. Home theater and sound are a psychological cue to consumption, a sensory need. The requirements of the system have a great relationship with each person's culture, concept, experience, environment and so on. But it is difficult to see, compare and evaluate. The average consumer can only listen to the experienced enthusiasts around the ear. Because of the deviation of each person's level, so before choosing to read some audio and video professional media. Video professional media is currently distributing the culture and utility classes. Generally speaking, consumers should not read the media of fever culture. Power believes that domestic real - use film and audio magazines have "home cinema technology", "audio-visual technology", "practical video technology" and so on. The magazines of fever culture include hi-fi stereo, sound world, modern sound technology and sound technology and new stereo. Conditional access to online video professional websites and BBS. I haven't seen the BBS of the video professional media site, which is better and more lively than ours. Other sites, such as 21hifi.com, also have foreign BBS majors. Information and communication about playing the disc, there are good professional websites in China, which are better than here, such as the incomplete DVD manual and so on. In this case, it must be explained that most people listen to changes in demand, and this change is rapid. Generally just contact sound like the hot, bright sound, not so feel not good sound, so some domestic audio brand is so and excessive grooming sound reduction process of high frequency to satisfy the mass consumer interests, these is often been dismissed as junk. Therefore, it is easy to misunderstand that the audiophile is buying the stereo. But, as long as the general consumers to buy the stereo back and listen up for a month or even a shorter time, this will change the demand for voice, congratulations you, you are close to the direction of the right. This change in demand, whether you're a home theater or a pure music system, is basically the same. So what are the characteristics of this sound? Simply put, it is true to listen to sweet, comfortable, low frequency is powerful and clean, the high frequency is moderate and clear, the middle frequency of sound is full, long time listens to your system not to fret. It turns out that you don't really like the harsh, stimulating sound. Understand the sound after the consumption of the above characteristics, then you need to what kind of sound system, generally there should be a target, such shops or friends or good according to your need to give you the proper help. It's like looking for a girlfriend, It doesn't work if others see fit or inappropriate. It's up to you. Sound consumption is inherently human and personal, and it has to do with many of your factors. The last word of advice, the stereo is for you, not for the enthusiasts, not for a good comment. After the system is set up, don't make yourself uncomfortable and enjoy your system. This passage, I hope you will pay attention to the system plan. If your system is meant to be a decoration, it doesn't matter if your voice is good or bad, these can be omitted. The difference between domestic and imported sound Although domestic stereos have made encouraging progress in the harsh market in recent years, we should admit that there is still a certain gap between the domestic stereo and the old ones. Domestic audio, especially some relatively old brand, such as hi, HP, grand hyatt, bada, clock, the voice of the phoenix, winner, god spark, sound, new dirk, Europe, and thus the korsun, ho, jinyang, piano, etc., are all can do audio products, some also learned this year market operations. It is the sound brand of household appliance mode which is completely regulated by market. Domestic acoustics is better in material selection, it is not to care about cost, such as the output power of the amplifier, the function compares to the national conditions such as the good effect of karaoke design. But the lack of domestic power is the design of the digital system, after all, our shortcomings. Foreign acoustics, the design is more rigorous, a penny of goods, the cost control is very strict. But the performance of digital design is better than domestic, and the sound of equipment is respected. It is good to buy imported things, especially high-grade ones, and domestic stereos can't compete with them. In the era of blu-ray and hd, the gap between foreign products and domestic products has widened further, and many domestic amplifier plants have abandoned their participation altogether. At present, only the second generation products of guangzhou tianyi electron have been seen. 4. About impedance According to the current state of the relevant laws and regulations, before the products leave the factory, they must according to certain standard to monitor the quality and the product and indicate the relevant technical indexes in the specification, and speakers or amplifiers, usually of impedance is given in the product information index, which for consumers confused most of the sound. Here to tell you that for the vacuum tube amplifier with home, impedance must strictly match, but in general vacuum tube power amplifier's output impedance for 4, 8, 16 ohms, and a lot of the impedance of the speaker is 6 ohms, the mountain, it was only 4 ohms or 8 ohm terminals. And for the current use of the transistor amplifier, in the collocation, there is no need to consider impedance matching. There is no output impedance in the transistor power amplifier. We see that the amplifier impedance is actually the test condition of the output power. As for each channel speaker impedance caused by different acoustic field imbalance, in theory can be used AV amplifier acoustic field balancing function to solve, this is also a kind of flexible, because of our limited by consumption level or products. As a strict AV system, the sound boxes of each channel have at least the same or similar characteristics. The sound field balance of the AV amplifier is mainly used to adjust the sound pressure imbalance caused by the difference of the speaker distance, and it is also the small difference in the sensitivity of the balance of the loudspeaker. For today's large number of low-end AV amplifier applications, impedance Settings are required because the design is for the amplifier and protection systems. It doesn't seem to be related to electroacoustic performance. About the subwoofer Home theater system configuration in the subwoofer is indeed necessary, but it doesn't matter that if conditions do not allow, as the sound system, there is no a standard to check and accept, but as a home theater, less than 5 five speakers it is a far cry from the effect. For normal hi-fi systems, it's not funny to suggest that you don't force a low-pitched sound. The debugging of the low - tone gun is needed, if you ask high. Generally, there is a problem of frequency cohesion, phase problems, and volume problems. In general, there is no uniform standard for people, you feel comfortable. If the subwoofer speakers caliber as large as 8 inches or more, usually by frequency subwoofer down like below 120 hz or, if the calibre of the subwoofer is small, then raise some, such as 160 hz and above. Phase is needed to determine the by listening to, generally cheap subwoofer only positive and negative phase switch, let other people to help adjust this switch repeatedly, you in the normal listen to phonemes, if bassy, voice strong, that this position is fixed, only need to adjust again. Of course, this must be done with a bass test disc. The phase of some advanced subwoofer can be adjusted continuously (0-180). The volume is not going to let the ultra-low tone exceed the volume of the main speaker, and the sound will become blurred. Long listening to your head is uncomfortable. Of course, when the volume of the main speaker changes, the volume of the low sound can also be adjusted. So it's very necessary to have a remote control. Here, we must correct the popularity and spread of the family cinema. That's wrong. It is another thing for the economy to be temporarily unallocated. Current home theater system, with the AV amplifier, electronic crossover sub part actually can simplify, so some of the subwoofer is designed, with direct port, because of mega bass signal output and adjustment, AV amplifier can already all solved. About broadband Broadband technology has been used more frequently in recent years, due to the emergence of DVD - A and SACD video programmes. The two have higher requirements for conventional audio equipment due to better audio output. But as an amplifier, especially the transistor amplifiers, in fact, earlier on the technique and technology can meet the requirements, most of the domestic production of transistor amplifier is also such a situation, this no doubt. It is difficult to exceed the high frequency of 20kHz in the speaker box. Now we see that the frequency of some speakers is up to 25kHz, which is a lot slower than the amplifier. Broadband will undoubtedly make the frequency of the sound more round, transparent and delicate. Broadband is an auxiliary function for listening, which is used to distinguish between music details. The average person is not necessarily able to feel the change, why is it feeling? Because the maximum frequency of ear hearing is theoretically only 20KHz. A few years ago I tested my high-pitched listening ability at 16kHz in a test room of a speaker manufacturing company. So much higher frequencies are felt. But if you can still feel it, most people will be able to feel the change in the sound of a broadband device. At present, the promotion of broadband is not in the process of technology and equipment. The key lies in the richness of music copyright and DVD - A and SACD discs. 7. About wire First of all, it is proposed to correct the transmission and misdirection of the non-use theory. Fever acoustics have debated in the past, the multichannel audio video systems are clear evidence about the role of wire, HDMI wire may even lead to wrong selecting system cannot work normally. For the general system, you don't have to deliberately pursue any advanced wires to make up for the noise. In that case, you can either replace the amplifier or the speaker more effectively. Play line that is the thing of the high fever friend, more is the composition of play. You just have to stop buying garbage. Disk drive with amplifiers, general use fiber optics or coaxial digital part is about the same, for your system, may not have what distinction, today's urban environment family serious electromagnetic interference, make the optical fiber transmission could be better. In theory, of course, the coaxial transmission is good, because there is less secondary electroluminescence and photoelectric conversion in the middle. However, the disc machine and the amplifier analog signal lines are also inelliptical. The sound box line is good, the multi-core is good. The family that buried line, do not have the joint in the middle. Calculate the material before purchase. Video lines have similar requirements for digital signal lines. Don't be greedy. You can't afford a saddle? The end of the line is more important, don't need to be gold-plated or something, but better processing technology, the average person can judge with the naked eye, it is good for the output port of audio equipment. Of course, the enthusiasts will ask for more, and they will choose the advanced end of the terminal to weld themselves. The speaker line is directly pressed and the plug link is ok, most of the family will not change the speaker wiring, so the direct tightness is no problem, there is no need to spend money to buy the end. Ac power is important for both signal source and amplifier, but the average family doesn't have to be so fussier. If it is specially fitted for their own sound system, power system, starting from introduction of mouth, embedded wire thicker, the better, because although the sound system of the average power supply current is not big, but the dynamic is very big, line more thick more conducive to good let the original features of music. The power system, also the interface, the smaller the better, and minimizes the insertion. Socket board, don't use the kind of things are cheap, now sound circle of some manufacturers began to produce special everyone can afford the socket board, and the domain of production such as foshan, built-in filter, can satisfy the needs of most people. For high-power amplifier, highly demanding enthusiasts, it is recommended not to plug in the filter's socket. Direct access to ac power may be better. Embedded line about a family to decorate, BBS have a post can refer to: About the multi-room listening The design and construction are very verbose, but the family condition can not have a big investment, so it can only be simple. General proposal buys a mini stereo directly in the bedroom, study and so on. The audio and video signal lines need to be extracted from the disc machine or AV amplifier. It should be noted that the more the number of signal lines, the more troublesome the link, the longer the line is, the more the signal is lost. This is usually a workaround and needs to be converted to a multi-pass interface (which should be available on the market). At this time of the signal lines in most case, it will make your own, welding joint best please people with higher leels of welding operation, but now some of the points are without welding, thread is using screw clamp, if we can buy this kind of end is the best, but enthusiasts, or like the end of the welding. With the economic progress, more and more families want music to penetrate into every corner of the family, so the multi-room system is also an important development in the future. 9. About consumption concept Generally know cheap goods is not good, a penny goods, but in practice, people often still dominates, it will appear this or that kind of problems, problems to calm to learn to comfort myself, sound is for the pleasure of our service, not angry to me, ha ha. The acoustics are the goods first, then the special sensory goods, do not forget this in the "fever". The quality of the effect is closely related to the product's level and location. Of course, there is no value in the premium audio products, and basically bought the fame. This topic seems to be unclear, I just mentioned briefly. Finally, power point, in the future development trend, the multichannel replace stereo is inevitable, although currently outstanding multichannel system cost higher, but it is also inevitable. So if you're an input, the question is to get your attention. The investment proportion of amplifier and speaker system is a matter of opinion, which is not always clear. Of course, there's no need to think about a system that's about 5,000 yuan or so. For a system with more than 10 thousand yuan, the investment of amplifier and speaker is quite suitable for me, considering the number of "number" of the speaker system, A little more investment in the speakers is also normal. About mail order and online shopping This is a sensitive topic, but it is not to be avoided. I think that as the concept of market economy is established, most practitioners will focus on credibility. I don't really appreciate the idea of doubting everything, and the people and things that are deceiving and deceiving are definitely in the minority. Personally, I have been purchasing a fever component since the early 1980s. I have not been able to receive items for more than a hundred times. I have not been satisfied with the items several times, but not all the businessmen. For mail-order, I think there is a need for someone to do it. Mail order or online shopping, of course, prior to confirm good models and styles and prices, larger items such as amplifiers and speakers also discuss the best damage compensation, in most cases a small risk of damage. I didn't have a single damage in my consignment box. The authentication merchant mechanism of BBS in the new era of film and music has proved its charm and vitality after years of operation and grinding. Xi. The importance attached to video Because of technical progress, the reducing of the cost of goods, the original body at home audio system ignored the video link of rapid development now, LCD, plasma, projector and other originally belongs to the video display is entering the family of high price, in order to show the development trend and guide people in the body gradually home audio system give attention to our BBS to video projection as an independent, BBS, video of the appraisal and the measuring difficulty is bigger, especially transverse comparison is quite difficult, so it need more friends to introduce the use of their experience to you. Some have just entered our spending plans, but this will be a growing part of the video system. FULL HD is in close contact with the big screen, and with blu-ray and HDMI, it's going to push home theater to a higher level. The progress of video technology has also attracted more fans. 720P is becoming a mainstream configuration requirement, and soon, 1080P is a must. 12. Debugging of equipment, environment and system In a nutshell, the equipment is the basis, and there is no equipment without the construction of the sound home theater system. But the environment is equally important elements and equipment, sound production, dissemination and room space, after all, is closely associated, and most of friends have realized that the room will effect the effect of the system, with the improvement of economic level, a lot of people have conditions of room acoustic processing, so the BBS in the case of conditions are not mature leading specialized plate opens the acoustic processing, this is a new subject, the real professionals dedicated team less and less need to accumulate experience and experience together. In addition to the equipment and environment, the most important part of the system is the system debugging, especially the multi-channel home theater system, including video projector. A lot of foreign AV amplifier has added automatic Settings such that the system debugging is how important! It's a concern. Fortunately, this link is the only one that doesn't cost money, only you pay for your study and hard work. As do our membership increase, along with the increase in the number of people with equipment, recently, about the equipment outside of the system debugging, set up, placement, environment, and even more and more problems such as power supply system, it is undoubtedly a comforting thing! Actually, listening room environment, including structure, interior decoration materials in the whole listening experience plays the role of is quite big, only so there is no too much emphasis on before, for he was afraid to scare you. Good guy so complicated trouble, calculate, don't play! Because of the problem of national conditions and consumption ability, most of our friends will still use the money to invest in equipment. But environment really is also very important, especially for sound effects especially snobs, especially a perfectionist like me, if the equipment match with no obvious errors in the choose and buy, the result is bad, first of all should doubt the environment as well as the system debugging problems, More attention should be paid to the system above. Environmental aspects, mainly need to improve the room wall Angle to the sound interference, avoid the right Angle! In the environment can't make big changes, we can exploit and speaker placement is usually there will be surprises, we need to ponder over and over again, don't be frightened by this trouble, and even may bring some trouble to household life and change, this is a question of choice and compromise. With the increase of household electrical equipment, the mutual interference between power supply and video has been felt by many friends and has been tried to improve with less cost. What needs to be said is that today's new AV amplifiers have a lot of equipment for the setup, debugging and further manual setting of the system, especially the Japanese products. The operation and control of the amplifier have become an important link in measuring the performance of AV. 13. The development trend of audio and video Power thinks, from stereo to home theater is social progress, technological development inevitable. We are now aware that the development trend of multi-dimensional stereoscopic sound is becoming more and more obvious, and I think we have a duty to lead this trend. Audio system with the combination of the digital television, network video, computer system, constitute a diversified, three-dimensional, intelligent home entertainment system, I think will be a development trend, the trend is the development of the trend of home theater, at the same time, the personalization to simplify entertainment trends are also revealed. In this development trend, of course, there are still friends revel in the stereo system, that's for sure, but for most people, after audio technology, enjoy video technology achievements is inevitable. The multi-channel system not only can see the movie blockbusters, but also the future appreciation of music, the information of the second channel reduction is limited. The advent of blu-ray and HD DVD, the introduction of the projector into the family, the popularization of FULL HD, make the video entertainment to the higher realm, this is a lover's lucky! HDTV, HTPC's popularity, and the online download of music products are all branches of future family audio and entertainment development. Wish every just step into the door of the sound power of friends with the help of the new era video BBS, can form a contentment sound system, to be a appreciator, music and films can become the slaves of human civilization and the builder. Also need to pay attention to, BBS is a completely open platform, what people have, say what, can say is a microcosm of the society, normally there as long as not against some of the basic rules and disrupt the order, we have no power to intervene, so access to the BBS must have this capacity. I hope you are happy here! Thank you! The power is too small to complete the first edition on October 5, 2003, which is the first edition of October 18, 2004: the collocation principle of the home theater system 1. Match the amplifier with the speaker The combination of amplifier and speaker relates to tone matching and power matching. The first element of amplifier and speaker matching should be the matching of features. This is very confusing to the novice. At present, many famous brands in China and abroad have distinctive features or characteristics, and each has a beloved consumer group. Because of this, different combinations tend to yield different results. A lot of novices want BBS to give a unified collocation, and BBS would be irresponsible if it did so, because everyone has different needs and tastes for sound. This is a gradual process and cannot be rushed to the point where the feature match is based on an old post or a professional magazine article. The power matching involves the sensitivity of the speaker and the expectation of room size and sound pressure. Because the change of power index is very obvious to the cost change of the amplifier, most people are limited by the total input. So it's often hard to come to an end. The room is bigger, Listening environment is better, can expect the system of sound pressure, because the replay music great reduction process is a dynamic, only big sound pressure replay environment can make us get more music. Large sound pressure needs to be matched with a larger power amplifier. At the same time, the final sound pressure acquisition is achieved by the sound box, which involves the sensitivity index of the speaker. The sensitivity of the common speakers is about 87-89db, and many speakers have reached the level of 90 and 91 in recent years. That's a fairly normal sensitivity. If the sensitivity is less than 87, the rated output power of the same sound pressure will be greatly increased. For the rated output power of the amplifier, the difference between the transistor amplifier and the electron tube amplifier is also distinguished. Because of the characteristics of the transistor itself, when the transistor work in close to the rated output after the distortion is almost straight up, usually requires high system configuration of the transistor amplifier power margin is bigger, fancier even five times, ten times said. Vacuum tube amplifiers so you don't need, because tube amplifier distortion after close to the rated output rise very smooth, so the tube power margin of the power amplifier power amplifier configuration, can generally small. But in the cost of the amplifier, the rated power determines the cost of the amplifier to a large extent. The higher the power, the higher the cost. Because most of the friends' budgets are rated, this affects the strict requirements for collocation, which is compromise. 2. The requirements of the home theater to the speakers According to the specification requirements, remove 0.1 subwoofer channel, the other five, six, seven speakers are the same as characteristic parameters and voice features, general recommendation to buy the same brand of the same product series of speakers. The same brand series of suits speakers while accommodating the speakers placed on modelling needs, but the formal manufacturers the digital cinema system on design consideration to the requirements of the vocal tract system speakers. If the budget is limited, many people are aware of the importance of the selection of speakers in the home theater system. As a result, the standard home theater system can not be ignored. Today, 7.1 channels have become standard for AV amplifiers. 3. Decoding system If we're just looking for a DVD, the decoder just needs to support the mainstream DD/DTS. Other things that are all about embellishment and sensationalism. If you're A super music fan, remove the CD, DVD - A, SACD is A good solution. Today, both the dolby and DTS giants have launched a new generation of HD High Definition audio standards for the next generation of blu-ray, which everyone needs to know and choose. Next generation, a blu-ray and hd DVD is in the lead, a need HDMI as audio and video transmission, the, when choosing the AV amplifier and monitor or projector, need to pay special attention to the problem. 4. About the position of the speaker Home theater and sound introduction... Transfer - amitabha - amida Buddha With basic 5.1 CH system as an example, the front left and right channel speakers, generally as primary speakers, generally put left and right side in the front of the host, the speakers should be placed on the screen the same horizontal plane, so easy to make the voice dialogue and midfielder positioning with screen face, but in general more difficult to achieve, also involves put beautiful problem, so the majority of the speakers in the design according to put on the television, high-end display devices such as projectors, plasma into the family, the speakers put can return to the original position, should consider with screen or appreciator ears in about the same horizontal plane. The rear surround of the speaker can be placed on the rear or left of the listener, or both sides of the listener, which can be accommodate in the room. But the vocal direction of the surround speaker is in front of the listener or at a point in front of the listener. Surround the speaker if mounting bracket or suspension, Height do not produce a person ear 50-80CM is appropriate. The market has some good surround sound boxes adopt dipole type design, this kind of speaker's surround sound field diffusion effect is the best. To play the low sound, you need to carefully debug, to see where the room is best. With regard to the placement of the speakers, it is important to note that the wall and the wall are not too close, at least 15 centimeters or more. If the room is small, pay attention to the anti - magnetic problem of the speaker and even the main speaker.