2010河南中考英语真题文字版 - 3q中考英语网

2010河南 中考 中考数学全套课件中考心理辅导讲座中考语文病句辨析修改中考语文古诗文必背中考单选题精选 英语真题文字版 - 3q中考英语网 2010年河南省初中学业水平暨高级中等学校招生考试试卷 英 语 注意事项; 1本试卷批l0页。满分120分。考试时间100分钟 2请用监、黑色钢笔或圆球笔直接答在试卷上。 3答卷前请将密封线内的项目填写精楚。 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 总分 分数 一、听力理解(20小题，每个小题1分，共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答 案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话读两遍。 ( )l. How?s the weather now? A. Sunny B. Rainy C. Cloudy ( )2. What does the woman think of the movie? A. Funny B. Terrible C. Wonderful ( )3.What are they going to do? A To go hiking B To go swimming C To go shopping ( )4.How will the woman to the Forest Park? A By taxi B By bus C By bike ( )5.Where are they talking? A. In the classroom B. In a restaurant C. In a post office 第二节 听下面儿段对话或独自。每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，同答第6至第8三个小题。 ( )6 Wh0?s answering the phone? A. Sally B. Dave C. Jim ( )7. How long has Jim been out? A For a quarter( B For half an hour(C. For an hour. ( )8 Why is Jim out? A Because he wants to see a doctor( B Because he wants to get some drinks C Because he wants to meet his friend 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第10两个小题。 ( )9 What season is it now? A Spring B Autumn C. Winter. ( )10 What?s the woman going to do? A .To buy a present B. To walk her dog C. To visit her father. 听下面一段独白，回答第11至第l3三个小题。 ( )11 How old is Billy? A. 13 years old B.14 years old C. 15 years old. ( )12 What do people think of Billy?s job? A .Just so so B. Bad C. Good. ( )13 What prize does Billy want? A .A new CD B New clothes C. A new bicycle 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第l5两个小题。 ( )14 Who are the two speakers? A. Mother and son B. Father and daughter C. Brother and sister. ( )15 Whose turn is it to clean the car? A. Toni?s B John?s C. Mary?s 第三节 听下面一篇短文，根据所听内容将下面五幅图片排序，并按顺序将其标号填写在 题号后的横线上。短文读两遍。 A B C D E 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 二、单项选择(15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 ( )21一Shall we pay visit to Expo 2010，Shanghai? 一No，I'd rather stay at home and play football A a; the B the;a C不填，the D a，不填 ( )22 To help Tommy learn better, his parents have done they could:cards, tapes，special learning centers，in short, everything they can think of( A both B all C none D neither ( )23—Excuse me，sir. The shoes are a bit small for me —Don?t worry(I?ll change them for a——size A smaller B smallest C larger D largest ( )24 Father often tells me——too much time on computer games. A don?t spend B not spend C not to spend D not spending ( )25 it's difficult to make her dream come true，she never gives up A Though B Unless C Because D If ( )26 Joe，my close friend，moved to Beijing years a90，and I him since then. A don?t see B didn?t see C haven?t seen D won?t see ( )27 It was very hard for me to make a—but J decided to leave my job A suggestion B decision C plan D speech ( )28 I often laugh when I see my grandma learning pop songs But she says，“One is never old to learn?? A too B so C very D quite ( )29 Rebuilding in Yushu began soon alter the earthquake，and it will long into the future A . reach B keep C stop D last ( )30 Karin found some waste paper on the floor(She it and threw into the future. A put; up B picked up C turned; up D looked up ( )3l If you try to sit on two chairs，you will fall them For life，you must choose one chair( A between B under C among D into ( )32一Long time no see! —I?ve just retuned I to Zhengzhou for a meeting last month A am sent B was sent C am sending D was sending ( )33 Friends are those make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed A which B what C whom D who ( )34—It?s such a long way! What shall I do? 一You——take my car if you want A will B must C may D shall ( )35 Some of my friends are interested in science，but none of them can tell A when UFOs will appear next time B why do horses know the way C where was this kind of plant found D how do elephants communicate 三、完形填空(10小题，每小题l分，共10分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处 的最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 Long ago，in a small village of Wakefield lived two farmers，Harry and Peter(Harry was very hard(working while Peter was 36 (Every day Harry got up early and came home late，but Peter walked around for fun( One summer there was no 37 and the crops(庄稼)were dying(Harry thought，“I must do something to save these crops，or they shall die(”With this 38 in mind，he went out to find a river so that he could dig a canal(沟渠)to his field(He walked on and on, feeling tired and thirsty(After a 39 search，he found a river full of blue water(He was very happy(He started digging a canal to his field. 40 it was noon his wife sent their daughter to bring Harry home 41 lunch(But Harry did not go(He did not want to leave his work unfinished(He completed his work 42 at night(He Was very satisfied( He went home。had a good meal and 43 into a sound sleep( Peter did the same(But he was not at all determined(有决心的)(He also 44 digging a canal to his field but he didn?t have his work completed(His field did not get 45 water and all his crops died( Harry?s field would be watered when needed(He had a good harvest because of his hard work( ( )36(A(cruel B(1azy C(careless D(silly ( )37(A(rain B(wind C(cloud D(river ( )38(A(feeling B(dream C(problem D(thought ( )39(A(quick B(long C(slow D(special ( )40(A(Whether B(Although C(When D(Unless for B(to C(with D(at ( )41(A( ( )42(A(early B(far C(1ate D(deep ( )43(A(fell B(1ooked C(turned D(walked ( )44(A(stopped B(1oved C:forgot D(started ( )45(A(clean B(enough C(1ittle D(fresh 四、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按要求做题。 A It?s not easy to be an astronaut?s son(Everybody expects you to be special or perfect(I often wonder how my father ever had a son like me(I mean he?s so special and so good at everything he does(Even in middle school he was class president and captain of the football team( Well，to be honest，I often dream about being some kind of hero or doing something special—like saving a child from a burning building or discovering a new star(I was daydreaming at school one morning when my teacher said there would be a Father?s Day writing competition for the whole sch001(“I hope we have a winner right here in my class(” When I got home，I started to think about what to write(My father is an astronaut(N0，I wouldn?t start like that(That was the way others saw him(How did I see my father? Hmm( I saw him sitting with me in the dark when I had a terrible dream(I remembered how he hugged me for hours when my dog Spotty was killed by a car(Yes，these were the things I was going to write(To me，he wasn?t just a world—famous astronaut(He was my dad( My parents and l went to school Thursday night(There were so many people in the big hall! My dad looked at me，and I shrugged(耸肩)( The third prize was announced and it was not me(1 was relieved(释然)and disappointed at the same time(The second prize was announced(It was me( 1 went up to the stage and read what I had written，“My father?s son”(When I finished，the people stood up and cheered(I saw my father blowing his nose(Tears were running down my mother's face(Dad cleared his throat and put his hand on my shoulder(“Son，this is the proudest moment of my life(?? It was the proudest moment of my life，too(Maybe I?ll never be a great hero or win a Nobel Prize，but it was enough just to be my father?s son( 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 ( )46(The writer felt it to be the son of a famous person( A(1ucky B(natural C(hard D(pleasant ( )47(In order to_ the writer would like to save a child from a burning building( A(become astronaut B(become a great hero C(be made school team captain D(be made class president ( )48(What did the boy probably write in his composition? A(A lot of special things he had done( B(The story of his father as an astronaut( C(The unforgettable time he spent with his father( D(The experiences his father had in middle school( ( )49(The writer felt proud when he ( A(got a prize in a writing competition B(won a Nobel Prize C(saved a child from a burning building D(discovered a new star ( )50(What is the best title for the passage? A(My daydream B(My father?s son C(My famous father D(My happy family B Feeling left out? A reader wrote in to say that she was feeling lonely at break because her best friend wasn’t around(Here?s our advice to her—and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes( It’s hard when a best friend isn?t around—maybe because she moved to a different school or a different class(You may feel lonely at break or lunchtime(You want to have new friends(but how do you make them? Maybe it seems like everybody else already has their friends(But remember, there?s always room for more friends( 。( Start by looking around your classroom—think about which kids you?d like to play with at break(Look for chances to say hi to them，smile，and be friendly(Offer to share Invite someone to play with you or something or express your appreciation(欣赏)to them( say “Do you want to sit here?” in the lunchroom(When you?re at break，walk over to kids you want to play with(act friendly，and say “Hi，can l play, too?” or just join in( If you have trouble doing this or if you?re feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends(Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends(The best way to make friends is to be a friend(Be kind，be friendly，share，say nice things，offer to help—and pretty soon，you?ll have one，or two，or even more new friends. You might still miss that special best friend(But when you see each other, you can share something you didn?t have before she left:You can introduce her to your new friends! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 ( )51(This text is written for ( A(teachers B(parents C(students D(visitors ( )52(According to the writer, some kids feel lonely at break because they ( A(have trouble with their studies B(don?t have their best friends around C(need their parents to be with them D(are too young to look after themselves ( )53(The underlined word this in Paragraph 4 refers to(指的是) ( A(sharing your ideas B(talking before many people C(studying better at school D(developing new friendship ( )54(Some kids need help from teachers to make friends because ? A(they miss their old friends a lot B(they have no time to stay with others C(teachers know who wants a new friend D(they are shy or not good at making friends ( )55(The expression “feeling left out'? means“ ”in Chinese( A(受冷落 8(被调侃 C(挨批评 D(遭攻击 C 注:courtesy礼貌，audience观众 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号里。 ( )56 How many days will the show be on? A For 10 days B For 12 days C For 15 days D For 18 days ( )57 How long does each show last? A Half an hour B One hour C One hour and a half' D Two hours ( )58 If a family off our go to the theatre in the evening，they have to pay at least dollars for the tickets A 85 B 100 C 120 D 140 ( )59 are not allowed to enter the theatre A Latecomers B Adults without children C School students D Kids below three years old ( )60 What information CANNOT be found in the advertisement? A The name of the show( B The name of the director( C The telephone number D The name of the theatre D In the past(many people used horses for traveling，farming and other kinds of work(A lot of people still like to ride horses(And horse racing is also popular(So it is not surprising that Americans use this animal when they talk( Long ago，rich or important people rode horses which were very tall(Today, if a girl acts like she is better than everyone else，you might say she should get off her high horse( Yesterday my children wanted me to take them to the playground(But I had to finish my work, so I said(“Hold your horses(Wait until I finish what I am doing.” My two boys like to compete against each other and play in a noisy and not very careful way(I always tell them to stop horsing around or someone could get hurt( „ Last night，I got a telephone call while I Was watching my favourite TV show(I decided not to answer it because wild horses could not drag(拖，拽)me away from the television(There was nothing that could stop me from doing what I wanted to do( Sometimes you get information straight from the horse’s mouth(Let us say your teacher tells you there is going to be a test tomorrow(You could say you got the information straight from the horse’s mouth( You can lead a horse to water, but you cannot make him drink(That means you can give someone advice but you cannot force him to do something he does not want to do( 根据材料内容，从下面方框中选出恰当的短语或句子完成第6l-65五个小题，使句子通顺、意思完整，将其标号填入题前括号内。每个短语或句子限用一次。 A horse around B straight from the horse?s mouth C get off her high horse( D wild horses could not drag her away E You can lead a horse to water, but you cannot make him drink ( )61 Mike，don?t——with your brother(You?ll break my mirror! ( )62-—I can?t stand Mary any more! She always says she has a better voice than me —Please take it easy. I?ll go and tell her to ( )63(He no longer tried to stop her watching that movie because from it She loved it so much ( )64—I hear from Grandpa that Uncle George is coming at the weekend Is it true? —You?ve got the news . ( )65 Jerry, your soil really hates going to the piano class Remember Let him Do what he likes 五、词语运用(1 0小题，每小题l分，共1 0分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答写在短文后相应题号的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 dirty with have always time they large want speak lesson first drop After a quick breakfast, I went into the lecture hall in a hurry(A famous teacher was 66 to the students(He was holding up a $100 bill(Then he said to the three hundred students，“Who would like this $1 00 bill?” The students put up 67 hands at once(Then he said，“I am going to give this $100 bill to one of you，but 68 ，let me do this(”He made the bill into a ball(Then he said. “Who 69 it now?” The hands went back into the air(“Well,” he said，“what if I do this?” and he 70 it on the floor and stepped on it(He picked up the 7l bill and said(“Who still wants it?” Hands went back again into the air( “My friends,”? he said，“you have learned a valuable(有价值的) 72 today(No matter what I did to the $100 bill! Many 73 in our life，we are dropped and stepped on(We feel as if we are worth nothin9(But remember, no matter what 74 happened to you，you will never lose your value:You are 75 valuable to those people who love you(Your value doesn?t come from what you do or whom you know, but who you are(?? 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 六、补全对话(5小题，每小题2分，共10分) A:Hello, Charles. B: Hello, Claire. Nice to see you here. How are you? A: Fine, thanks, Where are you going for your summer holidays, Clarles? B:76. . I’m going to stay with my uncle for three weeks. A: You certainly are lucky. How are you going there? B: By air, of course. 77 ? A: I'm going to visit my grandparents in a small village(I go there every summer( B:Sounds great! I've never been to the countryside(What do you do there? A:I do many things?78 .? B:It?s fantastic! Are you going there alone? A:N0(79 (By the way, what?s John going to do this summer? B:He says he?s going to the mountains with his parents(Well，I've got to 90(Have fun，C1aire( A:80 (I?11 see you in September( 七、书面表达(15分) 请“ is fun”为题写一篇英语短文。 要求:1. 先把题目补充完整(空格处可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句); 2(短文中不得出现真实的地名或人名等信息; 3(词数80左右。 is fun 2010年河南省初中学业水平暨高级中等学校招生考试 英语试题参考答案及评分标准 一、听力理斛 (20小题，每小题l分，共20分) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 B C A A B A B B C A B C C A B E C B A D 二、单项选择(1 5小题，每小题l分，共15分) 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 D B C C A C B A D B A B D C A 三、完形填空 (10小题，每小题l分，共10分) 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 B A D B C A C A D B 四、阅读理解 (20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 46 47 48 49 50 5l 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 6l 62 63 64 65 C B C A B C B D D A A C C D B A C D B E 五、词语运用 (10小题，每小题l分，共l0分) 66 speaking 67 their 68 first 69 wants 70 dropped 71 dirty 72 lesson 73 times 74 has 75 always 六、补全对话(5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 76 To my hometown,Australia,Shanghai, I'm going to my hometown,Australia,Shanghai/… 77 Where are you going(for your summer holidays) What are you going to do this summer What?s your plan (for summer holidays),What are your plans (for Summer holidays),What plans do you have (for summer holidays),… What about you,How about you,… 78 1 help my grandparents do farm work I feed chickens，water plants and ride horses l go swimming and boating/I play basketball or tennis,… 79 I'm going with my cousin,my brother/… With my cousin,my brother,… My cousin,brother,…is going with me My parents,…are going with me … 80 You too(，Charles),You，too The same to you Thanks(a lot),Thank you(very much),A lot of thanks 七、书面表达(15分) Cooking is fun Why is cooking fun? Here are two reasons. First, it is a good way to show my love to my parents. Both my parents are very busy. So When I come back home early,I?11 cook for them. After they return，we sit together and enjoy the meal. I can see them smile happily. Second(It is a kind of creation. I always try to cook different dishes. When my new dish is praised by others, I feel proud. l like cooking. It brings me a lot of fun. 评分标准: 1第1-45题，每小题1分。凡与答案不符的均不给分。 2第46-65题，每小题2分。凡与答案不符的均不给分。 3第66—75题，每小题1分。凡与答案不符的均不给分。 4第76—80题，每小题2分。句中大小写错误，每两个扣0.5分。单词拼写错误， 每两个扣l分。答案不唯一。如果考生写出的句子符合英语表达习惯，且上、下文意 思连贯，无错误，应当给分。 5 书面表达，l5分。考生应根据题目要求，采用适当的时态、语态、句式和词语， 完整、准确地表达所要求的内容。分四档评分: 第一档:符合题目要求，内容完整，层次结构清晰，表达清楚，语言无误。13-15分。 第二档:基本符台题目要求，内容较完整，层次结构较清晰，表达较清楚，语言有 少量错误。9—12分。 第三档:部分内容符合题目要求，内容不够完整，层次结构不够清晰，表达不够清 楚，语言有较多错误。4-8分。 第四档:不符合题目要求，整篇表达不消楚，或照抄、拼凑几个词语。0-3分。文 - 汉语汉字 编辑词条 文，wen，从玄从爻。天地万物的信息产生出来的现象、纹路、轨迹，描绘出了阴阳二气在事物中的运行轨迹和原理。 故文即为符。上古之时，符文一体。 古者伏羲氏之王天下也，始画八卦，造书契，以代结绳(爻)之政，由是文籍生焉。--《尚书序》 依类象形，故谓之文。其后形声相益，即谓之字。--《说文》序》 仓颉造书，形立谓之文，声具谓之字。--《古今通论》 (1) 象形。甲骨文此字象纹理纵横交错形。"文"是汉字的一个部首。本义:花纹;纹理。 (2) 同本义 [figure;veins] 文，英语念为:text、article等，从字面意思上就可以理解为文章、文字，与古今中外的各个文学著作中出现的各种文字字形密不可分。古有甲骨文、金文、小篆等，今有宋体、楷体等，都在这一方面突出了"文"的重要性。古今中外，人们对于"文"都有自己不同的认知，从大的方面来讲，它可以用于表示一个民族的文化历史，从小的方面来说它可用于用于表示单独的一个"文"字，可用于表示一段话，也可用于人物的姓氏。 折叠编辑本段基本字义 1(事物错综所造成的纹理或形象:灿若,锦。 2.刺画花纹:,身。 3(记录语言的符号:,字。,盲。以,害辞。 4(用文字记下来以及与之有关的:,凭。,艺。,体。,典。,苑。,献(指有历史价值和参考价值的图书资料)。,采(a(文辞、文艺方面的才华;b(错杂艳丽的色彩)。 5(人类劳动成果的总结:,化。,物。 6(自然界的某些现象:天,。水,。 7(旧时指礼节仪式:虚,。繁,缛节(过多的礼节仪式)。 8(文华辞采，与“质”、“情”相对:,质彬彬。 9(温和:,火。,静。,雅。 10(指非军事的:,职。,治武功(指礼乐教化和军事功绩)。 11(指以古汉语为基础的书面语:552,言。,白间杂。 12(专指社会科学:,科。 13(掩饰:,过饰非。 14(量词，指旧时小铜钱:一,不名。 15(姓。 16( 皇帝谥号，经纬天地曰文;道德博闻曰文;慈惠爱民曰文;愍民惠礼曰文;赐民爵位曰文;勤学好问曰文;博闻多见曰文;忠信接礼曰文;能定典礼曰文;经邦定誉曰文;敏而好学曰文;施而中礼曰文;修德来远曰文;刚柔相济曰文;修治班制曰文;德美才秀曰文;万邦为宪、帝德运广曰文;坚强不暴曰文;徽柔懿恭曰文;圣谟丕显曰文;化成天下曰文;纯穆不已曰文;克嗣徽音曰文;敬直慈惠曰文;与贤同升曰文;绍修圣绪曰文;声教四讫曰文。如汉文帝。 折叠编辑本段字源字形 字源演变与字形比较 折叠编辑本段详细字义 〈名〉 1(右图是 “文”字的甲骨文图片，资料来源:徐无闻主编:《甲金篆隶大字典》，四川辞书出版社。1991年7月第一版。 “文”字的甲骨文字绘画的像一个正面的“大人”，寓意“大象有形”、“象形”;特别放大了胸部，并在胸部画了“心”，含义是“外界客体在心里面的整体影像、整体写真、整体素描、整体速写”。 许慎《说文解字》把“文”解释为“错画也”，意思是“对事物形象进行整体素描，笔画交错，相联相络，不可解构”，这与他说的独体为文、合体为字的话的意思是一致的。“说文解字”这个书名就表示了“文”只能“说”，而“字”则可“解”的意思。“文”是客观事物外在形象的速写，是人类进一步了解事物内在性质的基础，所以它是“字”的父母，“字”是“文”的孩子。“文”生“字”举例(以“哲”为例):先对人手摩画，其文为“手”;又对斧子摩画，其文为“斤”。以手、斤为父母，结合、生子，其子就是“折”(手和斤各代表父母的基因)。这个“折”就是许慎所谓的“字”。“字”从宀从子，“宀”表示“独立的房子”，子在其中，有“自立门户”的意思。故“字”还能与“文”或其他“字”结合，生出新“字”来。在本例，作为字的“折”与作为文的“口”结合，就生出了新的字“哲”。 2( 同本义 [figure;veins] 文，错画也。象交文。今字作纹。——东汉?许慎《说文》 五章以奉五色。——春秋?左丘明《左传?昭公二十五年》。注:“青与赤谓之文，赤与白谓之章，白与黑谓之黼，黑与青谓之黻。” 美于黼黼文章。——《荀子?非相》 茵席雕文。——《韩非子?十过》 织文鸟章，白旆央央。——《诗?小雅?六月》 斑文小鱼。——明? 刘基《诚意伯刘文成公文集》 3(又如:文驾(彩车);文斑(杂色的斑纹);文旆(有文彩的旗帜);文绣(绣有彩色花纹的丝织品;刺花图案);文织(有彩色花纹的丝织品);文鳞(鱼鳞形花纹)。 4(字，文字(“文”，在先秦时期就有文字的意思，“字”，到了秦朝才有此意。分别讲，“文”指独体字;“字”指合体字。笼统地说，都泛指文字。) [character] 饰以篆文。——南朝宋?范晔《后汉书?张衡传》 分文析字。——东汉?班固《汉书?刘歆传》 夫文，止戈为武。——《左传?宣公十二年》 距洞数百步，有碑仆道，其文漫灭。——王安石《游褒禅山记》 文曰“天启壬戌秋日”。——明? 魏学洢《核舟记》 文曰“初平山尺”。 5(又如:甲骨文;金文;汉文;英文;文迹(文字所记载的事迹);文书爻(有关文字、文凭之类的卦象);文异(文字相异);文轨(文字和车轨);文狱(文字狱);文钱(钱。因钱有文字，故称);文状(字据，军令状);文引(通行证;路凭);文定(定婚)。 (文章(遣造的词句叫做“文”，结构段落叫做 “章”。) [literary composition] 6 故说诗者不以文害辞。——《孟子?万章上》 好古文。——唐? 韩愈《师说》 属予作文以记之。——宋? 范仲淹《岳阳楼记》 能述以文。——宋? 欧阳修《醉翁亭记》 摘其诗文。——清? 纪昀《阅微草堂笔记》 7(又如:文价(文章的声誉);文魔(书呆子);文会(旧时读书人为了准备应试，在一起写文章、互相观摩的集会);文移(旧时官府文书的代称);文雄(擅长写文章的大作家);文意(文章的旨趣);文义(文章的义理);文情(文章的词句和情思);本文(所指的这篇文章);作文(写文章;学习练习所写的文章);文魁(文章魁首);文价(文章的声价);文什(文章与诗篇)。 8(美德;文德 [virtue] 圣云继之神，神乃用文治。——杜牧《感怀诗一首》 9(又如:文丈(对才高德韶的老者的敬称);文母(文德之母);文武(文德与武功);文命(文德教命);文惠(文德恩惠);文德(写文章的道德);文薄(谓文德浅薄);文昭(文德 昭著)。 10.文才;才华。亦谓有文才，有才华 [literary talent] 而文采不表于后世也。——汉? 司马迁《报任安书》 11(又如:文业(才学);文英(文才出众的人);文采风流(横溢的才华与潇洒的风度);文郎(有才华的青少年);文彦(有文才德行的人);文通残锦(比喻剩下不多的才华)。 12(文献，经典;韵文 [document;classics;verse] 儒以文乱法。——《韩非子?五蠹》 言必遵修旧文而不穿凿。——《说文解字?叙》 13(辞词句。亦指文字记载 [writings;record]。如:文几(旧时书信中开头常用的套语。意为将书信呈献于几前);文倒(文句颠倒);文过其实(文辞浮夸，不切实际);文义(文辞);文辞(言词动听的辞令);文绣(辞藻华丽)。 14(自然界的某些现象 [natural phenomenon] 经纬天地曰文。——《左传?昭公二十八年》 15(又如:天文;地文;水文;文象(日月星辰变化的迹象);文曜(指日月星辰;文星);文昌(星座名)。 16(文治;文事;文职。与“武”相对。 [achievements in culture and education;civilian post] 文能取胜。——《史记?平原君虞卿列传》 文不能取胜。 文武并用。——唐? 魏征《谏太宗十思疏》 精神折冲于千里，文武为宪于万邦。――明《袁可立晋秩兵部右侍郎诰》 17(又如:文臣，文吏(文职官吏);文席(教书先生的几席);文品(文官的品阶);文帅(文职官员出任或兼领统帅);文烈(文治显赫);文员(文职吏员);文阶(文职官阶);文道(文治之道);文业(文事);文僚(文职官吏)。 18(法令条文 [articles of decree] 而刀笔吏专深文巧诋，陷人于罪。——《史记?汲黯列传》 19(又如:文劾(根据律令弹劾);文法吏(通晓法令、执法严峻的官吏);文丈(规矩; 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 );文移(官府文书);文牓(布告;文告);文宪(礼法;法制)。 20(文言。古代散文文体之一;别于白话的古汉语书面语 [literary language]。如:半文半白;文语;文白(文言文和白话文)。 21(文教;礼节仪式 [rites] 则修文德。——《论语?季氏》 22(又如:文丈(崇尚礼文仪节);文俗(拘守礼法而安于习俗);文致(指礼乐);文貌(礼文仪节);文绪(文教礼乐之事);文仪(礼节仪式) 23(指表现形式;外表 [form;appearance]。如:文服(表面服从);文榜(告示、布告之类);文诰(诰令) 24(指鼓乐，泛指曲调 [music;tune]。如:文曲(指乐曲);文始(舞乐名) 25(谥号，谥法:勤学好问叫文 [study deligently] 何以谓之文。——《论语》 是以谓之文。 26(姓 〈动〉 1(在肌肤上刺画花纹或图案 [tatto (the skin)] 被发文身。——《礼记?王制》。注:“谓其肌，以丹青涅之。” 文绣有恒。——《礼记?月令》 2(又如:文笔匠(在人身上刺花的艺人);文身断发(古代荆楚、南越一带的习俗。身刺花纹，截短头发，以为可避水中蛟龙的伤害。后常以指落后地区的民俗);文木(刻镂以文采之木) 3(修饰;文饰 [cover up] 身将隐，焉用文之?——《左传?僖公二十三年》 饰邪说，文奸言，以枭乱天下。——《荀子?非十二子》 4(又如:文过饰非;文致(粉饰;掩饰);文冢(埋葬文稿之处) 5(装饰 [decorate] 舍其文轩。——《墨子?公输》 此犹文奸。 文车二驷。——明? 归有光《项脊轩志》 文马四百匹。——《史记?宋世家》 若将比予文木邪。——《庄子?人间世》 6(又如:文巧(文饰巧辩);文竿(以翠羽为饰之竿);文舫(装饰华丽的游艇);文饰(彩饰);文榭(饰以彩画的台榭);文舟，文艘(装饰华丽的船);文剑(装饰华丽的剑);文舆(饰以彩绘的车) 7(撰写文章 [write]。如:文匠(写文章的大家);文祸(因写文章而招来的灾祸);文雄，文杰(指文豪) 〈形〉 1(有文采，华丽。与“质”或“野”相对 [magnificent;gorgeous] 其旨远，其辞文。——《易?系辞下》 晋公子广而俭，文而有礼。——《左传?僖公二十三年》 2(又如:文巧(华丽奇巧);文朴(文华与质朴);文服(华美的衣服);文砌(华美的石阶);文背(不文雅，粗俗);文轩(华美的车子);文质(文华与质朴) 3.柔和，不猛烈 [mild;gentle]。如:文烈(指火候温猛) 4(美，善 [fine;good]。如:文徽(华美);文鸳(即鸳鸯。以其羽毛华美，故称);文衣(华美的服装) 5(通“紊”。紊乱的 [disordered] 惇宗将礼，称秩元祀，咸秩无文。——《书?洛诰》 天子祭天下名山大川，怀柔百神，咸秩无文。——《汉书?郊祀志上》 王者报功，以次秩之，无有文也。——庆劭《风俗通义?山泽》 〈量〉 1(用于旧时的铜钱。如:一文钱 2(用于计算纺织物 五扶为一首，五首成一文。——《后汉书》