医学专业英语1-4单元术语解释、短语和课后习题答案

Chapter1HumanBodyasaWholeMedicalTerminologyLearnthefollowingcombiningforms,prefixesandsuffixesandwritethemeaningofthemedicalterminthespaceprovided.1.ahormonesecretedfromtheadrenalgland2.inflammationoftheadrenalgland3.pertainingtomedicine4.pertainingtobiology5.pertainingtochemistry6.pertainingtothebloodvessel7.pertainingtocells8.pertainingtomolecules9.pertainingtothemedicineofthelivingthing10.thestudyofthelivingthing11.pertainingtothephysicsofthelivingthing12.thestudyoftheheart13.thediseaseoftheheart14.therecordoftheheartwaves15.thestudyofthehumaninnersecretionfromglands16.pertainingtotheproductionofhormone17.thestudyofinnerglandsecretion18.theredbloodcell19.thewhitebloodcell20.thelymphcell21.thestudyofcell22.thestudyofchemistryofcell23.thestudyofbiologyofcell24.thestudyofembryo25.thetumoroftheembryo26.thestudyofthediseaseoftheembryo27.thestudyofthehumaninnersecretionfromglands28.pertainingtotheinsideoftheheart29.pertainingtotheinsideofthecell30.abovetheskin31.abovetheskin32.inflammationoftheskin33.redbloodcells34.instrumentofmeasuringredbloodcells35.tobreatheoutthewastegas36.todrivesomebodyorsomethingout37.tospreadoutside38.sththatproducesdiseases39.thestudyofblood40.bloodcells41.thestudyoftissues42.thestudyoftissuepathology43.therapytreatment,hencetissuetreatment44.pertainingtothebase45.pertainingtothetoxin46.pertainingtosymptoms47.thestudyofbody’sautoprotectionfromdiseases48.protectedfrom49.deficiencyintheimmunesystemofthebody50.substancefromtheadrenalgland51.waterfromit52.thestudyofsocieties53.thestudyofurinarysystem54.thestudyofcell55.lymphcells56.tumorofthelymphaticsystem57.thestudyofthelymphaticsystem58.thestudyofphysicalgrowth59.adoctorofinternalmedicine60.treatmentbyphysiologicalmethods61.thenewgrowth,tumor62.thestudyofmind63.abnormalconditionofthemind64.thestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpsychologyandbiology65.aconditionofoveractivityofthethyroidgland66.theconditionofunderactivityofthethyroidgland67.theinflammationofthethyroidglandapartthehumanbodyasabranchofmedicalsciences69.cutopenthebonecuttheheartopen71.pertainingtothebloodvessel72.inflammationofthebloodvessel73.pertainingtothelymphaticsystemandthebloodvesselKeytotheExercisesB.1.（embryo）embryology2.(process/condition)mechanism3.(heart)cardiovascular4.(color)chromatin5.(secretion)endocrinology6.(cell)cytology7.(sth.thatproducesorisproduced)pathogen8.(lymph)lymphatic9.(thestudyof)psychology10.(pertainingto)regularLanguagePoints:puttogether组成knownas叫做jointsbetweenbones关节toprovidepointsofattachmentforthemusclesthatmovethebody牵动骨骼肌引起各种运动hipjoint髋关节flexible有韧性的cushioning缓冲replacedbybone骨化onebonemovesinrelationtotheother两骨彼此靠近产生运动contents物质nourishment营养物质function发挥功能wasteproducts废物accumulate积聚poisonthebody危害生命distributes运送neededmaterials有用的物质unneededones废物ismadeupof包括protect…againstforeigninvaders防止外来侵袭（See!PowerPoint）identical对等的receives吸收traveledthrough流经forcedout压送reenter流入directly直接地channels管道filters过滤larynx喉管trachea气管twolungs左右肺verylargenumberof大量的airspaces肺泡release释放出extending延伸到brokendown分解absorbedinto吸收进chewing咀嚼esophagus食管KeytotheSectionBPassage1ExercisesB.1.(Theskeletalsystemconsistsofbones,jointsandsoftbones.)2.(Heartisgeneratedwhenmusclesarecontracted,whichhelpskeepthebodytemperatureconstant.)3.(Thecirculationofbloodcarriesusefulmaterialstoallbodycellswhileremovingwasteones.)4.(Oxygenisinhaledandcarbondioxideisexhaledintheprocessofrespiration.)5.(Thedigestionoffoodinvolvesbothmechanicalandchemicalprocedures.)6.(Theurinarysystemkeepsnormallevelsofwaterandofcertainchemicalsinthebody.)7.(Thepituitaryisamajorglandlocatedunderthebraininthemiddleofthehead.)8.(Thebraincollectsandprocessesinformationandthensendsinstructionstoallpartsofthebodytobecarriedout.)9.(Themainfunctionofthemalereproductivesystemistogenerate,transportandkeepactivemalesexcells.)10.(Thelargestofthebody’sorgans,theskinprotectstheinnerstructureofthebodywithacompletelayer.)KeytotheSectionAPassage1ExercisesE.1.cardiovasculardiseases2.functionofthepituitary3.theurinarytract4.molecules5.artery6.endocrinology7.dyspnea/difficultyinrespiration8.saliva9.histology10.bloodcirculation11.hematology12.physiology13.anatomy14.thefemalereproductive15.nervouscells16.immunology17.indigestion/poorindigestion18.voluntarymuscle19.embryology20.psychologySectionB,Passage2CellsandTissuesLanguagePointsOrganized组（构）成arrangedinto构成inturnaregroupedinto又进一步组成servesitsspecific有特定的bearinmind记住resultfrom源于billions亿万determind确立fiton合在一起bycontrast相比之下machinary机构whilenormally在正常情况下functionwithgreatefficiency高效地发挥作用aresubjectto易于发生resultin导致millionth百万分之一equal等于average一般aspeckbarelyvisible基本上看不见的一个小点Thesciencethatdealswithcellsonthesmalleststructuralandfunctionalleveliscalledmolecularbiology.从最小的结构及功能水平研究细胞的科学叫分子生物学。livingjelly生命胶囊encloses覆盖isdone完成external以外的semipermeable半透性的phospholipid磷脂（膜）intact完整distribute分布diffusion扩散dissolved分解pinocytosis胞饮作用breaksloose分裂出来driftsinto进入variesfrom---to在---范围内变化dependingon取决于vanish消失stiffening增强剂glucose葡萄糖runthrough交织twiststhrough交织穿过stacks堆appearto看来playapartin对---起作用hereditarytraits细胞特性strands条串toothinlystrung过于稀疏sphericalstructure球体状cavities孔穴coordinates协调KeytotheExercisesB1.cytology2.protoplasmmembrane4.cellnucleus5.cytoplasm6.deoxyribonucleicacid7.semipermeable8.molecularbiology9.carbodydrate10.differentially11.tokeep….intact12.ontheevidenceof…trait14.diffusion15.transaction16.blueprint17.chromosome18.pigment19.toexcretewasteliquid20.todisperse21.impulse22.ribonucleicacidKeytotheExercisesC1.细胞质的各处以及沿着胞浆网有数量很多的核糖体。2.位于细胞上的叫做“小穴”的小室收集化学信号，并把它们传送到细胞。3.研究细胞的科学家已经确立：一个细胞可能有一个网球那么大，也可能成千上万个细胞合在一起才有针尖那么大。4.对于那些单细胞的有机体而言，这种液体是题细胞以外的水，即海洋、湖泊或小溪；但对于多细胞的生物而言，这种媒介就是生物体的一部分——对于植物来讲是它的汁液，对于动物来讲是它的血液。Chapter2DiseasesandDisordersMedicalTerminologyLearnthefollowingcombiningforms,prefixesandsuffixesandwritethemeaningofthemedicalterminthespaceprovided.1.withoutsymptoms2.lackofblood3.pertainingtotheconditionoflackingshape4.cuttingapartthebodyasabranchofmedicalsciences5.examinationthroughseparation,takingthingsapart6.aspecialistwhoseworkistocarryoutanalysis7.thex-rayphotoofthebloodvessel8.surgicalrepaieofthevessel9.inflammationofthebloodvessel10.destroysorweakensbacteriaorneutralizesthepoisontheyproduce11.stimulatestheproductionofantibodies12.destroysorinhibitsthegrowthofmicroorganismssuchasbacteria13.sthtodowiththelungs14.pertainingtotheurinarytract15.pertainingtoheredityenough;lack17.nolongergenerate,produce,godown18.ribonucleicacidwithoutoxygen19.thecompleteknowledgeaboutapatient20.completeseparationofwastematterfrom…21.acrossmeasurementofaroundsurface22.themachinewhichrecordstheheartelectricwaves23.therecordofthemuscleelectricwave24.therecordofelectricwaveofthebrain25.withinaparticulargroupofpeople26.toclosein27.toswallowin28.completeknowledgeofapatient29.thestateofknowingsthbeforeitactuallyoccurs30.recordofelectricwaveoftheheart31.anx-rayphotoofthebloodvessel32.anx-rayphotoofthemuscle（spinalcord）machinewhichrecordstheheartelectricwaves34.theinstrumentwhichmeasuresthetime35.theinstrumentwhichmeasuresthebreath36.theprocessoftakingX-rayphotograph37.theprocessofusingultrasoundtodetecttheabnormalityofthebody38.inflammationoftheliver39.thecelloftheliver40.pertainingtotheliverandstomach41.inflammationofthecolon42.inflammationofthestomach43.inflammationoftheintestine44.theprocessoftakingx-rayphotosofthebreasts45.x-rayphotosofthebreasts46.surgicalreconstructionofthebreasts47.theinstrumentformeasuringamountofairbreathedintothelungs48.theinstrumentformeasuringtemperatures49.theinstrumentformeasuringpressure50.theabnormalconditionofhardening51.abnormalmindcondition52.pertainingtoinfection53.pertainingtothenerve54.pertainingtothemucus55.thestudyofdiseases56.theinstrumenttorecorddiseases57.germsthatproducediseases58.atapeofcellofthebodydefensesystemdestroysinvaders59.thestudyofhowthecellofthebodydefensesystemdestroysinvaders60.surgicalrepairofthebloodvessel61.surgicalrepairofthebone62.surgicalrepairofthemuscle63.statusofawomanbeforeherlabor64.tomakestatementaboutthefutureevent65.beforeitismature66.pertainingtothelungs67.thestudyofthelungs68.inflammationofthelungs69.thesciencewhichdealswithxrayorradioactivesubstances70.pertainingtoradioactivity71.theinstrumenttoexaminetheheartandlungsbylistening72.theinstrumentthatcanmakebacteriaandviruslooklargerenoughtobeexamined73.theinstrumentwhichisusedtoexaminethebladder74.theinstrumentformeasuringtheamountofairbreathedintothelungs75.breathing76.havingtodowiththespirometer77.theinstrumenttoexaminetheheartandlungsbylistening78.thechestpain79.tomeasurethecircumferenceofthechest80.treatmentofdiseasesbymedicine(chemistry)81.treatmentofdiseasesbyxrayorradioactiveagents82.treatmentofdiseasesbyphysicalmeans83.thestudyofurinarysystem84.theinstrumentwhichmeasuressugarintheurine85.todowiththereproductiveorganandtheurinarytractKeytotheSectionAExerciseB1.thecoloncolitis2.thestomachgastritis3.theintestineenteritis4.thelungspumonitis5.thebreastmammitis6.thethyroidthyroiditis7.thelymphvessellymphangitis8.thebloodvesselvasculitis9.theadrenalglandadrenalitis10.thebloodvesselangitisSectionBReadingsPassageOneHumanDiseasesLanguagePoints:briefsurvey概论glimpse印象fundamentals基础、原理thepictureisnotcomplete这一概论就不完整themodernapproachtothestudyofdisorder现代对疾病的研究方法aspect方面definedasacondition被定义为一种状态succumbto受制于inturn反过来说detect觉察swollenbloodvessel血管扩张strikes侵袭community社区runsashortcourse病程短oftenhitswithoutwarning常常发作没有前兆gradualonset发病慢ailment（精神）病causativeagents病愿体airbornedroplets空气小粒sneeze打喷嚏produce导致adisease-producingorganism一个致病的有机体disturbances紊乱poorlyoperatingnervoussystem神经系统工作不良provoked引发drugaddiction吸毒成性Furthermore而且genepatterns基因improperlyoperating工作状态不良Geneticdisorders基因失调inbornerrorsofmetabolism先天性代谢失调mentalretardation智力发育迟缓placestobreed繁衍的世界broadly广义地wardoff阻止sexualcontact性接触cholera霍乱typhoidfever伤寒热tainted腐烂的barriers屏障offerconsiderableresistance在很大程度上抵抗Inminorcases在较轻的病例中linedwithmucus-secretingcells覆盖满了能分泌黏液的细胞trap捕捉dustparticles尘粒wavelikeafieldofwheat象麦田里的小麦一样舞动foreignmatter异物potential潜在的thrive蓬勃繁殖assumeshigher达到高烧Wax蜡flockto群集在trytolocalizetheinfection使感染局部化pus-filledabscesses脓块Unless如果不drain排除blocked挡住tender松柔的brought感染上传traces侵袭long-lasting长期的range包括areaclassof一种被称为sites部位linkwith相连hookup粘和outofaction失去作用byinactivating失去活性keyportionoftheharmfulsubstance关键有害部分butterthesurface表面涂上一些奶油makethemtastiertophagocytes让吞噬细胞更喜欢吞噬它们intermediate中间体actuallydestroy实施消灭fixes会有一个eatthrough咬穿burst暴开severalkinds若干themostplentifulandversatile数量最多用途最多nextmostplentiful数量次多adaptedto适合atthefirstsignsof一有。。出现againsttheinfection对付传染病involved涉及triggeredby触发tomultiply准备繁殖arenotthebestqualifiedtofightawiderangeofantigens不是对付广普抗原的最好选择concentrates集中stickswellto粘连switchedoff停止exampleofnegativefeedbackcontrol消极反馈控制的例子KeytotheExerciseE1.（每一个抗体由一条化学亚单位（即氨基酸）的重链和一条轻链所构成。这条轻链上有特别的部位，氨基酸能使其补体和抗原子相连。）2.（某些情况下，通过调理素作用的过程，抗体在抗原表面涂抹上一些“奶油”，让吞噬细胞更喜欢吞噬它们。）3.（在另一些情况下，抗体和一个细菌抗原合上以后，却需要一个中间体，或补体来实施对该细胞的消灭。于是，当抗体和抗原的结合体随血液循环时，该结合体有一个补体附体。）4.（在第一天左右，血液中没有发现对付传染病的抗体。但是，这只是因为涉及抗体制造的基本细胞已被当前的抗原存在所触发而准备开始繁殖。）KeytotheSectionBPassage1ExerciseF1.toimpairproperfunctioncontaminateenvironment3.malfunction4.causativeagent5.vulnerablegroups6.localizedinfection7.venerealdisease8.antigenandantibodySectionB,Passage2DiagnosisandPrognosisLanguagePoints：clinicalencounters就诊过程setthestageformakingadiagnosis触使医生作出一个诊断diagnosisisaccomplishedwith一个完整的诊断由病人的。。。而组成standard 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 preferablyquotingthepatient最好引用患者的自述statingthepurposeofthevisit陈述就诊的目的thedurationofthecomplaint病痛持续的时间thepatientstatesarequestinsteadofacomplaint也可将患者的要求作为主诉Otherphysiciansinvolvedinthepatient’scare患者的其他保健医生howmuch轻重程度Whatmakesthesymptombetterorworse,pastmedicalcare症状的好转或加重的影响因素tonarrowdiagnosticpossibilities缩小诊断范围drughabits有无药物成瘾availabletothepatient患者可获得Review回顾Prognosis预后encounter遇到getrecovered痊愈tostaywell病情好转theforecastoftheprobableresults对病情可能的发展作出预测discuss探讨toexpectfromtheclinicalcourseofthecondition在治疗过程中所期盼的resolve痊愈reassuranceisoftenallthatisneeded安慰就行了agivenpatient特定的病人bedeterminedprimarily主要取决于awareofhis/herwillingnesstodiscusstheprognosis意识到讨论预后与否取决于病人的愿意bestconductedatfollow-upvisits最好在随访中进行thetwo双方Thebest最高明的blend….together交融在一起throughthecomplicatedstepsofshock,denial,depression,andacceptanceoffatalillness度过身患致命疾病的震惊，否认，抑郁，和接受现实的复杂阶段abandonthepatient扔下病人不管KeytotheExerciseB1.(Thesequestionwillsetthedoctorworkingtowardsadiagnosis,i.e.determinethecauseofanillness.)2.(Therefore,itisessentialforthedoctortotellthepatientwhatdiseaseheissufferingandoffertodiscusswiththepatientabouttheprognosis.)3.(Ifthepatientistorecoverwithoutanybadphysicalconsequence,allthephysicianneedstodoistotakehimfeelthathewillbewellsoon.)4.(Althoughmostpatientswanttoknowwhateverhappenstothem,adoctorshouldknowwhethertotellthemthetruthdependsnotonhimbutonpatients.)5.(Adoctor’sdutyistomakehispatientrealizewhethertodiscusstheprognosisisuptothepatienttodecide.)6.(Whatabestdoctorcandoistotellthepatientthetruthtogetherwithself-confidenceandhelphimthroughthemostdifficultstepsofshock,denial,depressionandacceptanceofthefact.)KeytotheExerciseD1.electromyogram2.nuclearmagneticresonance3.multiplescletosis4.glucose-tolerancetest5.electrocardiograph6.optimisticprognosis7.sequelaeofdisease8.ultrasonography9.fiberoptictechnology10.medicalhistory11.hematopoieticsystem12.follow–upactivity13.fatalillnesses14.nutritionaldeficiency15.bodyfluids16.tohighlightdetails17.hazard-freetreatment18.electroencephalogram19.non-invasivetest20.blood-starvedtissueChapter3MuscularSystemSectionAMedicalTerminologyLearnthefollowingcombiningforms,prefixesandsuffixesandwritethemeaningofthemedicalterminthespaceprovided.1.pertainingtoanartery2.inflammationofanartery3.studyofarteries4.themuscleoftwoheadsinthefrontoftheupperarm5.bothhands6.totwosides7.pertainingtothecerebralcortexandspinalcord8.inflammationoftheouterpartsofthepleura9.pertainingtoacortex10.inflammationoftheskin11.ofskinandmuscle12.thescienceoftheskinanditsdiseases13.disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism14.painfulordifficulturination15.imperfectorpainfuldigestion16.surgicalremovalofthethymusgland17.surgicalexcisionofthestomach18.surgicalremovalofapartofanartery19.deficiencyofbloodsupply20.unrestrainedgrowthofleukocyteandtheirprecusorsinthetissues21.thenumberofcirculatingredbloodcell22.pertainingtotheoutsideoftheeyeorvision23.intheblood24.amature,fiber-formingcell25.pertainingtoreproduction26.reproducing;generation27.anactofforminganeworganism28.highbloodpressure29.increaseinsizeofanorganorstructure30.deficiencyofsugerintheblood31.havingabodytemperaturebelownormal32.lowbloodpressure33.lackofnecessaryorproperbloodsubstancesinthebody34.abnormalshapeorstructure35.defectivefunction36.thescienceofstructureandformwithoutregardtofunction37.formsoforganisms38.withoutdefiniteform39.havingmorethantwonuclei40.havingmorethantwocells41.havingmorethantwomolecules42.anydiseaseofstriatedmuscles43.deathofmuscletissue44.themusclelayeroftheheart45.anyoneofthevariousbranchesofscienceconcernedwithgrowth,developmentandfunctionofthenervoussystem46.anydiseaseofthenerve47.inflammationofanerve48.pertainingtotheeyeorvision49.aphysicianwhoisaspecialistindiseasesoftheeye50.tumorofthethymoma51.atumorcontainingmuscletissue52.afibroustissuetumor53.deviceformeasuringthepelvis54.inspectionofthepelvis55.loosepelvisorgans56.pertainingtosurrounding57.enclosingtheheart58.inflammationofthespinalcord59.thegraymatterofthespinalcord60.connectivetissuesuchasmuscleorbone61.resemblingflesh62.pertainingtotendon63.inflammationofatendon64.atumororiginatinginepithelialtissueofthethymusgland65.acellinthethymusgland66.surgicalremovalofthethymusgland67.dealingwitharegionofthebody68.ananatomistdealingwithabodyregion69.apoisonoussubstance70.thestudyoftoxicsubstance71.diseasescausedbytoxin72.ofthreeheadsinthebackoftheupperarm73.acyclewiththreewheels74.sendingfromone(person)toanother75.changingfromoneformtoanother76.sizeorwastingawayofpartofanorganortissue77.disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism78.concernedwithnourishmentKeytotheExercisesA1.arteryarterial2.shape;formmorphology3.eyeocular4.poisontoxin5.fleshsarcoplasm6.musclemyopathy7.bloodconditionischemia8.nourishmentdystrophy9.twobiceps10.surgicalexcisionofthymectomySectionBReadingsPassageOneMusclesLanguagePoints:Tough坚韧throwing投掷inthejawtochew腭部groups类helphold…together把….组合在一起makeupalargepart占有很大比例varygreatlyinsize大小差异很大dependingonthetypeofjobtheydo根据作用之不同fairly相对的thigh大腿standserect直立rigid挺直staysstiff保持强直actbothways能同时作两动作workinpairs成对运动bendsajoint令关节弯曲doestheopposite做相反的动作thefrontoftheupperarm上前臂pullitbacktoitsoriginallength把它恢复到原位fleshbelly肌腹firmer更结实voluntarymuscles随意肌underthecontrolofourwillpower接受主观意愿的驱使passesover跨过firmly牢固地producesmovementatthejoint使关节运动pullingon拉动attachment附着点attachedend附着点advantages优点fleshythroughouttheirlength全是肌腹thick粗resistanttotherubbingorfrictionbetweenthetendonandthemovingbonesofthejoint对关节处活动的骨头有很强的抗磨能力characteristiccrossstriationsofthemusclefiberswhenviewedunderamicroscope显微镜下肌肉组织所呈现的横状条纹特色arrangement排列arrangedinbundles成束排列Atransversesectionthroughastriatedmuscleshows在横纹肌的横截面上可见surroundedbyfibrousconnectivetissue被肌纤维结缔组织包绕alimentarycanal消化道的内壁foundas表现为viewedfrommicroscope在显微镜下ourwillpower主观意志branched交叉组合originated开始electricalimpulse电脉冲conducting传导capableofcontrolling控制orderofcontractions收缩的节奏atbirth出生时size体积isdueto是因为separate…with分支出goingto分配到thenervesupplytomuscle支配某块肌肉的神经issaid称为increasingtheflowofbloodto血液加速流向肌肉appliedtolimb在肢体扎上throughsuchacutoffofthebloodsupply在完全切断供血的情况下KeytothePassage1ExerciseEfibermuscle3.alimentarycanal4.bellymuscle6.hypertrophyofmuscles7.musclecontraction8.attachmentofthemusclerelaxationbleeding12.origin13.bloodsupplymolecule16.fibrousconnectivetissue17.extensorsection20.pacemaker医学专业 英语 关于好奇心的名言警句英语高中英语词汇下载高中英语词汇 下载英语衡水体下载小学英语关于形容词和副词的题 第一分册第四章Chapter4SkeletalSystemMedicalTerminology1.inflammationofthejoint2.paininajoint3.thestudyofjoints4.pertainingtojoints5.ajoint6.tojointogetherasajoint7.acellconcernedwiththeformationofbone8.anyformofnucleatedredcorpuscles9.acellthatgiverisetoalymphocyte10.thereisincreasedcalciumintheblood11.calciumdeficiencyinbodytissuesandfluids12.containingcalcium13.pertainingtothecarpusorwrist14.excisionofthecarpusorpartionofit15.bothwristandfoot16.acellthatformscartilage17.paininoraboutcartilage18.inflammationofcartilage19.pertainingtoaribanditscartilage20.cuttingthroughariborcartilage21.surgicalexcisionofarib22.pertainingtothecranium23.examinationoftheskull24.pertainingtoanepiphysis25.pertainingtoametaphysis26.pertainingtoesophagus27.afemale28.thestudyofthecauseofdisease29.pertainingtothecauseorcausesofdisease30.pertainingtothefemur31.femoralhernia32.thefemurandtibia33.inflammationofthestomach34.surgicalremovalofapartorthewholeofthestomach35.pertainingtothestomach36.membraneous,pertainingtotheinsideofmembrane37.withinthestomach38.withintheeyeball39.resemblingbonemarrow40.atumor41.bonemarroworthespinalcord42.anewandabnormalformationoftissue,asatumororgrowth43.anewly-founddisease44.anewborninfant45.resemblingbone46.resemblingsesame47.resemblingacyst48.hormone49.aspecialistinorthopedics50.theformationofbonesubstance51.paininabone52.sidebysidewithanother53.atthesideofthethyroid54.theparathyroidglands55.fingersandtoes56.inflammationofoneormorephalanges57.surgicalexcisionofoneormorefingersandtoes58.theformationofbloodcells59.theformationofredbloodcells60.theformationoflymphocytes61.somethingthatthrowsforward62.knowingsomethingbeforeitactuallyoccurs63.goforward;carryon64.theboneofthebreast65.cost/oribs,hencepertainingtothesternumandribs66.resemblingthesternum67.calcicsubstance68.breastbone69.hyper+calci+uria,henceurinethatcontainsexcessivecalcium(高钙尿)70.pertainingtourine71.anydiseaseaffectingtheurinarytract72.pertainingtoavertebraorthevertebracolumn73.excisionofavertebraorpartofit74.pertainingtoavertebraandaribExercise:A.1.ribcostochondral6.boneosteoma2.stomachgastritis7.sternumsternocostal3.causeetiology8.calciumcalcemia4.resemblingosteoid9.formationerythropoiesis5.femaleestrogen10.jointarthritisSectionBReadingsPassageOneTheSkeletalSystemLanguagePoints:Grasping抓握jar挤压震动framework支架performs行使provides形成providesapointattachment提供了附着点p