近两次CET4真题+听力原文+答案+详解

近两次CET4真题+听力原文+答案+详解 目录 2011年06月CET4真题 ........................................................................................................... 2 2010年12月CET4真题 ......................................................................................................... 12 201106CET4答案 ................................................................................................................ 21 四级听力原文................................................................................................................ 21 201106四级答案 ........................................................................................................... 26 201012四级真题答案 ........................................................................................................... 28 四级听力原文................................................................................................................ 28 201012四级答案 ........................................................................................................... 32 1 2011年06月CET4真题 Part I writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1(现在网上购物已成为一种时尚 2(网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题 3(我的建议 Online Shopping 注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sen-tences with the information given in the passage. British Cuisine: the Best of Old and New British cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new. Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say. "The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish. "It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says. There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给). "As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce 2 food," Tomes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens." They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain. Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor. With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes." Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restau-rants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes. Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊) we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that." Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged." These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance (原产地). "Britain has started to become really proud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats." However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients. "We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," Tamlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples." The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets. "We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish." Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain. Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine. At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says. This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆), Tamlyn says. "Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for 3 them." Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的) to mess with, however, Tomes says. "I'd never change a full English breakfast." 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. What is British food generally known for? A) Its unique flavour. C) Its special cooking methods. B) Its bad taste. D) Its organic ingredients. 2. The Second World War led to ____ in Britain. A) an inadequate supply of food C) an increase in food import B) a decrease of grain production D) a change in people's eating habits 3. Why couldn't Britain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms of food in the post-war decades? A) Its food lacked variety. C) It was short of well-trained chefs. B) Its people cared more for quantity. D) It didn't have flavourful food ingredients. 4. With culinary improvement in recent years, London's restaurants are now able to appeal to the tastes of . A) most young people C) all kinds of overseas visitors B) elderly British diners D) upper-class customers 5. What do Hong Kong diners welcome, according to Welsh executive chef David Tamlyn? A) Authentic classic cuisine. C) New ideas and presentations. B) Locally produced ingredients. D) The return of home-style dishes. 6. While using quality ingredients, David Tamlyn insists that the dishes should . A) benefit people's health C) be offered at reasonable prices B) look beautiful and inviting D) maintain British traditional tastes 7. Why does Neil Tomes say he loves food ingredients from Britain? A) They appeal to people from all over the world. B) They are produced on excellent organic farms. C) They are processed in a scientific way. D) They come in a great variety. 8. Tamlyn says that besides importing ingredients from Britain once a week, his restaurant also buys vegetables from _______. 9. The Phoenix in Mid-Levels may not use British ingredients, but presents its dishes ______. 10. Yorkshire Pudding is a restaurant which will bring full dishes to the table but offer plates to those diners who would like to _______. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 11. A) He is careless about his appearance. B) He is ashamed of his present condition. C) He changes jobs frequently. D) He shaves every other day. 12. A) Jane may be caught in a traffic jam. B) Jane should have started a little earlier. C) He knows what sort of person Jane is. D) He is irritated at having to wait for Jane. 13. A) Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championships. B) Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip. 4 C) Collecting information about baseball games. D) Analyzing their rivals' on-field performance. 14. A) He had a narrow escape in a car accident. B) He is hospitalized for a serious injury. C) He lost his mother two weeks ago. D) He has been having a hard time. 15. A) The woman has known the speaker for a long time. B) The man had difficulty understanding the lecture. C) The man is making a fuss about nothing. D) The woman thinks highly of the speaker. 16. A) He has difficulty making sense of logic. B) Statistics and logic are both challenging subjects. C) The woman should seek help from the tutoring service. D) Tutoring services are very popular with students. 17. A) Her overcoat is as stylish as Jill's. B) Jill missed her class last week. C) Jill wore the overcoat last week. D) She is in the same class as the man. 18. A) A computer game. C) An exciting experience. B) An imaginary situation. D) A vacation by the sea. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) Beautiful scenery in the countryside. C) Pain and pleasure in sports. B) Dangers of cross-country skiing. D) A sport he participates in. 20. A) He can't find good examples to illustrate his point. B) He can't find a peaceful place to do the assignment. C) He doesn't know how to describe the beautiful country scenery. D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing. 21. A) New ideas come up as you write. B) Much time is spent on collecting data. C) A lot of effort is made in vain. D) The writer's point of view often changes. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. A) Journalist of a local newspaper. B) Director of evening radio programs. C) Producer of television commercials. D) Hostess of the weekly "Business World". 23. A) He ran three restaurants with his wife's help. B) He and his wife did everything by themselves. C) He worked both as a cook and a waiter. D) He hired a cook and two local waitresses. 24. A) He hardly needs to do any advertising nowadays. B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers. C) He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year. D) He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers. 25. A) The restaurant location. C) The food variety. B) The restaurant atmosphere. D) The food price. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 5 26. A) Its protection is often neglected by children. B) It cannot be fully restored once damaged. C) There are many false notions about it. D) There are various ways to protect it. 27. A) It may make the wearer feel tired. B) It will gradually weaken the eyes of adults. C) It can lead to the loss of vision in children. D) It can permanently change the eye structure. 28. A) It can never be done even with high technology. B) It is the best way to restore damaged eyesight. C) It is a major achievement in eye surgery. D) It can only be partly accomplished now. Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A) They think they should follow the current trend. B) Nursing homes are well-equipped and convenient. C) Adult day-care centers are easily accessible. D) They have jobs and other commitments. 30. A) They don't want to use up all their life savings. B) They fear they will regret it afterwards. C) They would like to spend more time with them. D) They don't want to see their husbands poorly treated. 31. A) Provide professional standard care. B) Be affectionate and cooperative. C) Be frank and seek help from others. D) Make full use of community facilities. Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. A) Health and safety conditions in the workplace. B) Rights and responsibilities of company employees. C) Common complaints made by office workers. D) Conflicts between labor and management. 33. A) Replace its out-dated equipment. B) Improve the welfare of affected workers. C) Follow government regulations strictly. D) Provide extra health compensation. 34. A) They requested to transfer to a safer department. B) They quit work to protect their unborn babies. C) They sought help from union representatives. D) They wanted to work shorter hours. 35. A) To show how they love winter sports. B) To attract the attention from the media. C) To protest against the poor working conditions. D) To protect themselves against the cold weather. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you 6 are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts (宇航员) someday may (36) _____ so long in space that they would return to an Earth of the (37) _____ future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still. If you could move faster than light, your time would move (38) _____. Although no form of matter yet (39) _____ moves as fast as or faster than light, (40) _____ experiments have already confirmed that accelerated (41) _____ causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein (42) _____ this in 1905, when he (43) _____ the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter (44) ____________________________________. An obsession (沉迷) with time – saving, gaining, wasting, losing, and mastering it – (45) ____________________________________. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein (46) ____________________________________. Thus, time and time's relativity are measurable by any hourglass, alarm clock, or an atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday. While elderly people __47__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) __48__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research. Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping __49__ straight through the night. More sleep in old age, however, is __50__ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more __51__ if they slept for longer periods, he said. “The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __52__ well does not change,” Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego. “It's __53__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __54__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __55__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's __56__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75.” 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 7 A) alert I) formally B) associated J) function C) attracting K) mixed D) cling L) negative E) continuing M) sufficient F) definitely N) tend G) different O) younger Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Several recent studies have found that being randomly (随机地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性) of conflict. Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different race may decrease prejudice and compel students to engage in more ethnically diverse friendships. An Ohio State University study also found that black students living with a white roommate saw higher academic success throughout their college careers. Researchers believe this may be caused by social pressure. In a New York Times article, Sam Boakye – the only black student on his freshman year floor -said that "if you're surrounded by whites, you have something to prove." Researchers also observed problems resulting from pairing interracial students in residences. According to two recent studies, randomly assigned roommates of different races are more likely to experience conflicts so strained that one roommate will move out. An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester. Grace Kao, a professor at Penn said she was not surprised by the findings. "This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race," she said. At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing. "One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly," said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley. "This is the definition of integration." "I've experienced roommate conflicts between interracial students that have both broken down stereotypes and reinforced stereotypes," said one Penn resident advisor (RA). The RA of two years added that while some conflicts "provided more multicultural acceptance and melding (融合)," there were also "jarring cultural confrontations." The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the same race. Kao said she cautions against forming any generalizations based on any one of the studies, noting that more background characteristics of the students need to be studied and explained. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 57. What can we learn from some recent studies? A) Conflicts between students of different races are unavoidable. B) Students of different races are prejudiced against each other. C) Interracial lodging does more harm than good. D) Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes. 8 58. What does Sam Boakye's remark mean? A) White students tend to look down upon their black peers. B) Black students can compete with their white peers academically. C) Black students feel somewhat embarrassed among white peers during the freshman year. D) Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed. 59. What does the Indiana University study show? A) Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out. B) Few white students like sharing a room with a black peer. C) Roommates of different races just don't get along. D) Assigning students' lodging randomly is not a good policy. 60. What does Alec Webley consider to be the "definition of integration"? A) Students of different races are required to share a room. B) Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen. C) Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception. D) The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race. 61. What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging? A) It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study. B) Schools should be cautious when making decisions about student lodging. C) Students' racial background should be considered before lodging is assigned. D) Experienced resident advisors should be assigned to handle the problems. Passage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage. Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Annan, the former United Nations secretary general. The report, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition (营 养不良) and heat-related health problems. But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions. Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030. Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum's report was "a methodological embarrassment" because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable (易受伤害的) regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.” But the report, he said, "will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed (有瑕疵的)." However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty. In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report. 62. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum? A) Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development. B) Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming. C) Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries. 9 D) Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters. 63. What do we learn about the Forum's report from the passage? A) It was challenged by some climate and risk experts. B) It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles. C) It was warmly received by environmentalists. D) It caused a big stir in developing countries. 64. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum's report? A) Its statistics look embarrassing. B) It deserves our closest attention. C) It is invalid in terms of methodology. D) Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated. 65. What is Soren Andreasen's view of the report? A) Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data. B) It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined. C) It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference. D) Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders. 66. What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference? A) How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming. B) How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced. C) How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale. D) How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards. Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 When it comes to eating smart for your heart, thinking about short-term fixes and simplify life with a straightforward approach that will serve you well for years to come. Smart eating goes beyond analyzing every bite ad you lift __67__ your mouth. "In the past we used to believe that __68__ amounts of individual nutrients (营养物) were the __69__ to good health," Linda Van Horn, chair of the American Heart Association's Nutrition Committee. "But now we have a __70__ understanding of healthy eating and the kinds of food necessary to __71__ not only heart disease but disease __72__ general," she adds. Scientists now __73__ on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten __74__ several days or a week __75__ than on the number of milligrams (毫克) of this or that __76__ at each meal. Fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for example, provide nutrients and plant-based compounds __77__ for good health. “The more we learn, the more __78__ we are by the wealth of essential substances they __79__," Van Horn continues, "and how they __80__ with each other to keep us healthy." You'll automatically be __81__ the right heart-healthy track if vegetables, fruits and whole grains make __82__ three quarters of the food on your dinner plate. __83__ in the remaining one quarter with lean meat or chicken, fish or eggs. The foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to __84__ clearly contribute to your well-being. Without a __85__, each of the small decisions you make in this realm can make a big __86__ on your health in the years to come. 67. A) between B) through C) inside D)to 68. A) serious B) splendid C) specific D) separate 69. A) key B) point C) lead D) center 70. A) strict B) different C) typical D) natural 71. A) rescue B) prevent C) forbid D) offend 72. A) in B) upon C)for D)by 73. A) turn B)put C) focus D) carry 10 74. A) over B) along C) with D)beyond 75. A) other B) better C) rather D)sooner 76. A) conveyed B) consumed C) entered D) exhausted 77 .A) vital B) initial C) valid D) radical 78. A) disturbed B) depressed C) amazed D) amused 79. A) retain B) contain C) attain D) maintain 80. A) interfere B) interact C) reckon D) rest 81. A) at B)of C) on D) within 82. A) out B) into C) off D) up 83. A) Engage B) Fill C) Insert D) Pack 84. A) delete B) hinder C) avoid D) spoil 85. A) notion B) hesitation C) reason D) doubt 86. A) outcome B) function C) impact D) commitment Part VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。 87. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, _____________________ (也没有解释为什么). 88. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she _____________________ (能被分配做另一项工作). 89. John rescued the drowning child _____________________ (冒着自己生命危险). 90. George called his boss from the airport but it _____________________ (接电话的却 是他的助手). 91. Although he was interested in philosophy, _____________________ (他的父亲说服 他) majoring in law. 11 2010年12月CET4真题 Part I Writing (30 minutes) How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? 1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切 2. 为了让孩子独立，父母应该„„ Part II Reading Comprehension ( Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) A Grassroots Remedy Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers(慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not. But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived(丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found. The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%. A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school. Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy(等级)based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity. 12 Most bullying(恃强凌弱)is found in schools where there is a tarmac(柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife. But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls. One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places. The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality. In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world. Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution. We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging. Human beings are a species of mammals(哺乳动物). For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that. We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. Without other living things around us we are less than human. Five ways to find harmony with the natural world Walk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb. Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed. Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background. Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life. Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all. 1. What is the author’s profound belief? A) People have quite different perceptions of nature B) People must make more efforts to study nature C) People instinctively seek nature in different ways D) People should spend most of their lives in the wild 2. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays? 13 A) Things that are natural B) Things that are purchased C) Urban surroundings D) Personal freedom 3. What does a study in Sweden show? A) A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities B) More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill C) Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD D) The natural environment can help children learn better 4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________ . A) tend to develop a strong love for science B) are more likely to fantasise about wildlife C) tend to be physically tougher in adulthood D) are less likely to be involved in bullying 5. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD? A) Place them under more personal care B) Provide more green spaces for them C) Find more effective drugs for them D) Engage them in more meaningful activities 6. In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature? A) They enjoy a life of better quality B) They look on life optimistically C) They become good-humoured D) They are able to live longer 7. Dr William Bird suggests in his study that _______ . A) access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence B) it takes a long time to restore nature once damaged C) humanity and nature are complementary to each other D) wild places may induce impulsive behaviour in people 8. It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be _______ . 9. The author believes that we would not be so civilised without _______ . 10. The five suggestions the author gives at the end of the passage are meant to encourage people to seek _______ with the natural world. Part III Listening Comprehension ( 35 minutes) Section A 11. A) The man should visit the museums B) The beach resort is a good choice C) She enjoys staying in Washington D) She can’t stand the hot weather 12. A) What her job prospects are B) Her new responsibilities in the company C) The director’s opinion of her work D) What the customers’ feedback is 13. A) Include weightlifting in the program B) Combine her training with dieting C) Repeat the training every three days D) Avoid excessive physical training 14. A) When she will return home B) Whether she can go by herself C) Whether she can travel by air D) When she will completely recover 15. A) The woman had been fined many times before B) The woman had violated traffic regulations C) The woman is good at finding excuses D) The woman knows how to deal with the police 16. A) Buy a refrigerator of better quality 14 B) Have someone repair the refrigerator C) Switch off the refrigerator for a while D) Ask the man to fix the refrigerator 17. A) He can finally do what he has dreamed of B) He has got enough money to buy a house C) He is moving into a bigger apartment D) He owns a piece of land in the downtown area 18. A) She has to go to see a doctor B) She got hurt in an accident yesterday C) She is black and blue all over D) She stayed away from work for a few days Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard 19. A) She was a witness to the crime B) She was a victim of the robbery C) She was a bank manager D) She was a defence lawyer 20. A) A medium-sized young man carrying a gun B) A tall man with dark hair and a moustache C) A youth with a distinguishing mark on his face D) A thirty-year-old guy wearing a light sweater 21. A) Have her photo taken for their files B) Go upstairs to sign some document C) Veify the record of what she had said D) Identify the suspect from pictures Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard 22. A) By listening to the morning news B) By seeing a commercial on TV C) By reading a newspaper ad D) By calling an employment service 23. A) She could work close to her family B) She could use her previous experiences C) She could improve her foreign languages D) She could travel overseas frequently 24. A) Studying for a degree in French B) Working as a secretary C) Taking management courses D) Teaching English at a university 25. A) Send in a written application as soon as possible B) Read the advertisement again for more details C) Prepare for an interview in a couple of days D) Get to know the candidates on the short list Section B Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard 26. A) They cannot see the firefighters because of the smoke B) They cannot hear the firefighters for the noise C) They do not realize the danger they are in D) They mistake the firefighters for monsters 27. A) He often teaches children what to do during a fire B) He teaches Spanish in a San Francisco community C) He provides oxygen masks to children free of charge D) He travels all over America to help put out fires 28. A) He gives informative talks to young children B) He is very good at public speaking C) He rescued a student from a big fire D) He saved the life of his brother choking on food 29. A) Kids should learn not to be afraid of monsters B) Firefighters play an important role in America 15 C) Carelessness can result in tragedies D) Informative speeches can save lives Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard 30. A) To fully realize their potential B) To satisfy the needs of their family C) To make money for early retirement D) To gain a sense of their personal worth 31. A) They may have to continue to work in old age B) They may have nobody to depend on in the future C) They may regret the time they wasted D) They may have fewer job opportunities 32. A) Saving as much as you can B) Making wise use of your time C) Enjoying yourself while you can D) Working hard and playing hard Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard 33. A) Hardworking students being accused of cheating B) Boy students being often treated as law-breakers C) Innocent people being suspected groundlessly D) Junior employees being made to work overtime 34. A) Forbidding students to take food out of the restaurant B) Requesting customers to pay before taking the food C) Asking customers to leave their bags on the counters D) Allowing only two students to enter at a time 35. A) He was taken to the manager B) He was closely watched C) He was asked to leave D) He was overcharged Section C Writing keeps us in touch with other people. We write to communicate with relatives and friends. We write to (36) ______ our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and (37) ______ their heritage (传统). With computers and Internet connections in so many (38) _____ , colleges, and businesses, people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time-or taking to them in writing in online (39) _____ rooms. It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more (40) _____ than waiting until Sunday for the telephone (41) _______ to drop. Students are e-mailing their professors to (42) _____ and discuss their classroom assignments and to (43) _____ them. They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate (合作) on homework. (44) ______________ . Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter. (45) ____________ . No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, “I want you to know that I care about you.” (46) ___________ ,but only in the success of human relationships. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior. Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy 16 to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture, by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs. The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. A) abilities B) achieve C) appeal D) complaints E) contributions F) displayed G) essentially H) eventually I) extent J) indicates K) proceeds L) psychological M) raised N) smart O) standard Section B Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia(学术 界)outweigh any financial considerations. Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia midcareer was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them. The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical(制药的)company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities. Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition(转换)to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development, “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.” 57. By “a one-way street” (Line 1 , Para. 1 ), the author means ________ . A) university researchers know little about the commercial world B) few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university C) few university professors are willing to do industrial research D) there is little exchange between industry and academia 58. The word “deterrent” (Line 3, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that _______ . A) brings someone a financial burden B) helps to move the traffic 17 C) keeps someone from taking action D) attracts people’s attention 59. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career? A) Her research interests B) Flexible work hours C) Prospects of academic accomplishments D) Her preference for the lifestyle on campus 60. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to _______ . A) do financially more rewarding work B) raise his status in the academic world C) exploit better intellectual opportunities D) enrich his experience in medical research 61. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university? A) Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market B) Help it to obtain financial support from industry C) Gear its research towards practical applications D) Develop its students’ potential in research Passage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity(长寿)boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm. Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects. So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological(生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner. A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but as Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.” 62. William Farr’s study and other studies show that ________ . A) social life provides an effective cure for illness B) marriage contributes a great deal to longevity C) women benefit more than men from marriage D) being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life 63. Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that _______ . A) the married are happier than the unmarried B) older men should quit smoking to stay healthy C) marriage can help make up for ill health D) unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life 18 64. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 5, Para. 2 ) refers to ______ . A) the consequence of a broken marriage B) the emotional problems arising from marriage C) the responsibility of taking care of one’s family D) the disadvantages of being married 65. What does the author say about social networks? A) They help develop people’s community spirit B) They provide timely support for those in need C) They help relieve people of their life’s burdens D) They have effects similar to those of a marriage 66. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A) To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network B) Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span C) We should share our social networks with each other D) It’s important that we develop a social network when young Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Over half the world’s people now live in cities. The latest “Global Report on Human Settlements” says a significant change took place last year. The report 67 this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency. A century ago, 68 than five percent of all people lived in cities. 69 the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or 70 six and a half billion people. Already three-fourths of people in 71 countries live in cities. Now most urban population 72 is in the developing world. Urbanization can 73 to social and economic progress, but also put 74 on cities to provide housing and 75. The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move 76 cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, 77 by social divisions and differences in 78 , could result in violence and crime 79 cities plan better. Another issue is urban sprawl(无序扩展的城区). This is where cities 80 quickly into rural areas, sometimes 81 a much faster rate than urban population growth. Sprawl is 82 in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the 83 cities to smaller ones. He sees a 84 toward “de-urbanization” across the nation. 85 urban economies still provide many 86 that rural areas do not. 67. A) came on B) came out C) came over D) came off 68. A) rather B) more C) less D) other 69. A) To B) Through C) By D) Along 70. A) barely B) almost C) really D) ever 71. A) developed B) thriving C) fertile D) flourishing 72. A) raise B) addition C) extension D) growth 73. A) turn B) keep C) lead D) refer 74. A) load B) restraint C) pressure D) weight 75. A) concerns B) surroundings C) communities D) services 76. A) upon B) into C) around D) onto 77. A) drawn B) pulled C) pressed D) driven 78. A) category B) situation C) treasure D) wealth 79. A) whereas B) if C) when D) unless 80. A) expand B) split C) invade D) enlarge 81. A) in B) beyond C) with D) at 82. A) common B) conventional C) ordinary D) frequent 83. A) essential B) prior C) primitive D) major 84. A) trend B) style C) direction D) path 85. A) Then B) But C) For D) While 86. A) abilities B) qualities C) possibilities D) realities Part VI Translation (5 minutes) 87. _______________ (为了确保他参加会议)，I called him up in advance. 19 88. The magnificent museum _____________ (据说建成于)about a hundred years ago. 89. There would be no life on earth _______________ (没有地球独特的环境). 90. _______________ (给游客印象最深的)was the friendliness and warmth of the local people. 91. They requested that _______________ (我借的书还回图书馆)by next Friday. 20 201106CET4答案 四级听力原文 Section A 11. M: Shawn's been trying for months to find a job. But I wonder how he could get a job when he looks like that. W: Oh, that poor guy! He really should shave himself every other day at least and put on something clean. Q: What do we learn about Shawn? 12. W: I wish Jane would call when sheknowshe'll be late. This is not the first time we've had to wait for her. M: I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here. Q: What does the man imply? 13. M: Congratulations! I heard your baseball team is going to the Middle Atlantic Championship. W: Yeah, we're all working real hard right now! Q: What is the woman's team doing? 14. W: John's been looking after his mother in the hospital. She was injured in a car accident two weeks ago and still in critical condition. W:Oh, that's terrible. And you know his father passed away last year. Q: What do we learn about John? 15. M: What a boring speaker! I can hardly stay awake. W: Well, I don't know. In fact, I think it's been a long time since I've heard anyone is good. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 16. W: I'm having a lot of trouble with logic and it seems my professor can't explain it in a way that makes sense to me. M: You know, there is a tutoring service on campus. I was about to drop cet4v.com helped me out. Q: What does the man mean? 21 17. M: This is a stylish overcoat. I saw you wearing it last week, did't I ? W: Oh, that wasn't me. That was my sister Joe. She's in your class. Q: What does the woman mean? 18. M: Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do? W: Well, I guess I'd sell my watch or computer or do some odd jobs till I could afford a return plane ticket. Q: What are the speakers talking about? Conversation One M: Hello, Professor Johnson. W: Hello, Tony, so what shall we work on today? M: Well, the problem is that this writing assignment isn’t coming out right. What I thought I was writing on was to talk about what a particular sport means to me when I participate in. W: What sport did you choose? M: I decided to write about cross-country skiing. W: What are you going to say about skiing? M: That’s the problem. I thought I would write about how peaceful it is to be out in the country. W: So why is that a problem? M: I’d like to start describing how quite it is to be out in the woods. I keep mentioning how much effort it takes to keep going. Cross-country skiing isn’t as simple as some people think. It takes a lot of energy, but that’s not heart of my paper, so I guess I should leave it out. But now I don’t know how to explain that feeling of peacefulness without explaining how hard you have to work for it. It all fits together. It’s not like just sitting down somewhere and watching the clouds roll by. That’s different. W: Then you have to include that in your point. The peacefulness of cross-country skiing is the kind you earn by effort. Why leave that out? Part of the point you knew beforehand, but part you discovered as you wrote. That’s common, right? M: Yeah, I guess so. Q19. What is the topic of the man’s writing assignment? Q20. What problem does the man have while working on his paper? Q21. What does the woman say is common in writing papers? Conversation Two W: Good evening and welcome to this week's Business World. It program for and about business people. Tonight we have Mr. Angeleno who came to the US six years ago, and is now an established businessman with three restaurants in town.Tell us Mr. Angeleno, how did you get started? 22 M: Well I started off with a small diner. I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. It was really too much work for two people. My cooking is great. And word got around town about the food. Within a year, I had to hire another cook and four waitresses. When thatrestaurant became very busy, I decided to expand my business. Now with three placesmy main concern is keeping the business successful and running smoothly. W: Do you advertise? M: Oh yes. I don't have any TV commercials, because they are too expensive. But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. My children used to distributeads. in nearby shopping centres, but we don't need to do that anymore. W: Why do you believe you've been so successful? M: Em, I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back. W: So you always aim to please the customers? M: Absolutely!Without them I would have no business at all. W: Thank you Mr.Angeleno.I think your advice will be helpfull to those just staring out in business. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22 What is the woman’s occupation 23 what do we learn about Mr.Angeleno’s business at its beginning 24 what does Mr.Angeleno say about advertising his businesse. 25 What does the man say contribute to his success? Section B Passage One There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But cet4v.com to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes. We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in dim light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight. Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. There are close to one million nerve fibers that connect the eyeball to the brain, as of yet it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible. 23 26. What does the speaker want to tell us about eyesight? 27. What do studies about wearing the wrong glasses show? 28. What do we learn about eye transplanting from the talk? Passage Two When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discover that the wife normally tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can in order not to use up their life savings. Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affectionate and cooperative. However, even when care giving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn to state their needs and opinions clearly and ask for help from others especially brothers and sisters. Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they may not know what to do 29. Why are adult children more likely to use community services to help care for elderly parents? 30. Why are most wives unwilling to put their dependent husbands into nursing homes? 31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do? Passage Three Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections. My coworkers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety hazards in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about 7 hours a day. The supervisor of the laboratory is beginning to get headaches and dizzy spells because she says it’s dangerous to breathe some of the chemical smoke there. An X-rays technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment. She insists that it’s exposing workers to unnecessarily high doses of radiation. She thinks that she may have to contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and asked that government agency to inspect the department. I’ve heard that at a factory in the area two pregnant women who were working with paint requested a transfer to a safer department, because they wanted to prevent damage to their unborn babies. The supervisor of personnel refused the request. In another firm the workers were constantly complaining about the malfunctioning heating system, but the owners was too busy or too mean to do 24 anything about it. Finally, they all met an agree to wear ski-clothing to work the next day. The owner was too embarrassed to talk to his employees. But he had the heating system replaced right away. 32 What does the talk focus on? 33 What did the X-ray technician ask her company to do? 34 What does the speaker say about the two pregnant women working with paint? 35 Why did the workers in the firm wear ski-clothing to work? Section C Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts some day may survive so long in space that they would return to an Earth of the distant future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still, if you could move faster than light, your time would move backward. Although no form of matter yet discovered, moves as fast as or faster than light, scientific experiments has already confirmed that accelerated motion causes a traveler’s time to be stretched. Albert Einstein predicted this in 1905, when he introduced the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter that move at a speed greater than light. And therefore, might serve as our passports to the past. An obsession with time--saving, gaming, wasting, losing and mastering it-- seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock. Thus time and time’s relativity are measurable by any hour glass, alarm clock, or atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second. 25 201106四级答案 1. B. Its bad taste 2.A. an inadequate supply of food 3.B. Its people cared more for quantity 4.C. all kinds of overseas visitors 5.C. New ideas and presentations 6.D. maintain British traditional tastes 7. B. They are produced on excellent organic farms 8.local markets 9.in a British way 10. share their meals 11. A He is careless about his appearance. 12. A Jane may be caught in a traffic jam. 13. A Training for the Mi-Atlantic Championship. 14. D He has been having a hard time. 15. D The woman thinks highly of the speaker. 16. C The woman should seek help from the tutoring service. 17. C Jill wore the overcoat last week. 18. B An imaginary situation. 19. D. A sport he participates in. 20. D He can’t decide whether to include the effort part of skiing. 21. A New ideas come up as you write. 22. D Hostess of the weekly “Business World”. 23. B He and his wife did everything by themselves. 24. B He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers. 25. B The restaurant atmosphere. 26. A There are many false notions about it. 27. C It can lead to the loss of vision in children. 28. D It can only be partly accomplished now. 29. D They have jobs and other commitments. 30. A They don’t want to use up all their life savings. 31. C Be frank and seek help from others. 32. A Health and safety conditions in the workplace. 33. A Replace its out-dated equipment. 34. A They requested to transfer to a safer department. 35. C To protest against the poor working conditions. 36. survive 37. distant 38. backward 39. discovered 40. scientific 41. motion 42. predicted 43. introduced 44. that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past 45. seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed 46. used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock 15选10 47. N tend 48. L negative 49. H efficiently 50. B associated 51. A alert 52. D cling 53. F definitely 54. O younger 55. E continuing 56. G different 26 仔细阅读 57 D. Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes 58 D. Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed 59 A. Interracial roomates are more likely to fall out. 60 D. The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race 61 A. It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study 62 B. Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming 63 A. It was challenged by some climate and risk experts 64 B. It is invalid in terms of methodology 65 D. Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders 66 D. How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards 完型 67.C inside 68. C specific 69. A key 70. B different B prevent 72. A in 73. C focus 74. over C rather 76. B consumed 77. A vital 78. C amazed B contain 80. B interact 81. C on 82. D up B fill 84. C avoid 85. D doubt 86. C impact 翻译 也没有解释为什么neither did they account for the reason / neither did they explained why / the reason 能被分配做另一项工作would be delegated / allocated with/to another task. 冒着自己生命危险with his own life under risk 接电话的却是他的助手turned out that his assistant answered the phone 他的父亲说服他his father persuaded him into 27 201012四级真题答案 四级听力原文 Section A 短对话 (11~18) 11. M: Oh my god! The heat is simply unbearable here. I wish we’ve gone to the beach instead. W: Well, with the museums and restaurants in Washington I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature. Q:What does the woman mean? 12. M: How’s the new job going? W: Well, I’m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give me some feedback. Q:What does the woman want to know? 13. M: Can you help me work out a physical training program John? W: Sure, but whatever you do be careful not to overdo it. Last time I had two weeks’ worth of weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 14. M: I have an elderly mother and I’m worried about her going on a plane. Is there any risk? W: Not if her heart is all right. If she has a heart condition, I’d recommend against it. Q: What does the man want to know about his mother? 15. M: Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? W: Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded. Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? Q: what do we learn from the conversation? 16. M: I’m no expert, but that noise in your refrigerator doesn’t sound right. Maybe you should have it fixed. W: You’re right. And I suppose I’ve put it off long enough. Q: What will the woman probably do? 17. M: I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment. Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it. W: Congratulations～Does that mean you’ll be moving soon? Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation? 18. W: My hand still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday. I wonder if I broke something. M: I’m no doctor, but it’s not black and blue or anything. Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days. Q: what do we learn about the woman from the conversation? 长对话 (19~21) M: Mrs. Dawson, thanks very much for coming down to the station. I just like to go over some of the things that you told police officer Parmer at the bank. W: All right. 28 M: Well, could you describe the man who robbed the bank for this report that we’ re filling out here? Now, anything at all that you can remember would be extremely helpful to us. W: Well, just, I can only remember basically what I said before. M: That’s all right. W: The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache. M: Very good. All right, did he have any other distinguishing marks? W: Um, no, none that I can remember. M: Do you remember how old he was by any chance? W: Well, I guess around 30, maybe younger, give or take a few years. M: Mm, all right. Do you remember anything about what he was wearing? W: Yes, yes, he had on a dark sweater, a solid color. M: OK. Um, anything else that strikes you at the moment? W: I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater. Yes, yes. M: All right. Mrs. Dawson, I really appreciate what you’ve been through today. I’ m just going to ask you to look at some photographs before you leave if you don’ t mind. It won’t take very long. Can you do that for me? W: Oh, of course. M: Would you like to step this way with me, please? W: OK, sure. M: Thank you. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. What do we learn about the woman? 20. What did the suspect look like? 21. What did the man finally asked the woman to do? 长对话 (22~25) W: Good morning, I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night. M: Well, could you tell me your name? W: Candider Forsett. M: Oh yes. What exactly is it that interests you about the job? W: Well, I thought it was just right for me. M: Really? Um„ Could you tell me a little about yourself? W: Yes. I’m 23. I’ve been working abroad. M: Where exactly have you been working? W: In Geneva. M: Oh, Geneva. And what were you doing there? W: Secretarial work. Previous to that, I was at university. M: Which university was that? W: The University of Manchester. I’ve got a degree in English. M: You said you’ve been working in Geneva. Do you have any special reason for wanting to come back? W: I thought it would be nice to be near to the family. M: I see, and how do you see yourself developing in this job? W: Well, I’m ambitious. I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management. M: I see. You have foreign languages? W: French and Italian. M: Well, I think the best thing for you to do is do reply a writing to the advertisement. W: Can’t I arrange for an interview now? M: Well, I’m afraid we must wait until all the applications are in, in writing, and we’ll then decide on the short list. If you are on the short list, of course we should see you. W: Oh, I see. M: I look forward to receiving your application in writing in a day or two. W: Oh, yes, yes, certainly. M: Ok, thank you very much. Goodbye. W: Thank you. Goodbye. 29 Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy? 23. Why did the woman find the job appealing? 24. What had the woman been doing in Geneva? 25. What was the woman asked to do in the end? Section B Passage One One of the greatest heartbreaks for fire fighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child, frightened by smoke and noise, hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead. Saddest of all is when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster. To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire. He displays fire fighters’ equipment, including the oxygen mask, which he encourages his listeners to play with and put on. “If you see us,” Velez tells them, “don’ t hide! We are not monsters. We have come to rescue you.” Velez gives his presentations in English and Spanish. Growing up in San Francisco, he learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents. Velez and other fire fighters throughout North America, who give similar presentations, will never know how many lives they save through their talks. But it’s a fact that informative speaking saves lives. For example, several months after listening to an informative speech, Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food, by using the method taught by student speaker, Julie Paris. In addition to saving lives, informative speakers help people learn new skills, solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live. 26 Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters? 27 What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez? 28 What do we learn about Pete Gentry? 29 What message is the speaker trying to convey? Passage Two Some people want to make and save a lot of money in order to retire early. I see people pursuing higher paying and increasingly demanding careers to accomplish this goal. They make many personal sacrifices in exchange for income today. The problem is that tomorrow might not come. Even if it all goes according to plan, will you know how to be happy when you are not working if you spend your entire life making money? More importantly, who will be around for you to share your leisure time with? At the other extreme are people who live only for today. Why bother saving when I might not be here tomorrow, they argue. The danger of this approach is that tomorrow may come after all. And most people don't want to spend all their tomorrows working for a living. The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older. You may be surprise to hear me say that if you must pick an extreme I think it's better to pick the spend-all approach. As long as you don't mind continuing to work, assuming your health allows, you should be OK. At least, you are making use of your money, and hopefully deriving value and pleasure from it. Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake. It may never come. Retirement can be a great time for some people. For others, it is a time of boredom, loneliness and poor health. 30 Why do some people pursue higher paying but demanding careers? 31 What is the danger facing people who live only for today? 32 What does the speaker seem to advocate? Passage Three Imagine that someone in your neighborhood broke the law, and the judge put the whole neighborhood under suspicion. How fair will that be? Well, it happens everyday to high schoolers. Just because some students have stolen things in shops, all of us are treated like thieves. Even though I’d never steal. Store employees looked at me like I’m some kind of hardened criminal. For example, during one lunch period, my friend Denny and I went to the Graben Gore Restaurant to have a hotdog. We arrived to find a line of students waiting outside. A new sign 30 in the window told the story. “No more than two students at a time”. After 15 minutes, we finally got in. But the store manger laid the evil eye on us. I asked him about the new sign, and he said, “You kids are stealing too much stuff.” You kids? Too much stuff? We were not only assumed to be thieves, but brilliant, greedy thieves. The most annoying thing though, is the way employees watched my friends and me. It’ s horrible. Once, at a drug store, I was looking around and found a guy standing on a large box, stocking the shelves. He was watching my hands, more than he was watching his own. I showed him that my hands were empty. He got down off his box and rushed off, as if he was going to get the store manager. How crazy is that! 33. What does the speaker find to be unfair? 34. What measure did the Graben Gore Restaurant take to stop stealing? 35. What happened in a drug store that greatly annoyed the speaker? Section C Writing keeps us in touch with other people. We write to communicate with relatives and friends. We write to preserve our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and appreciate their heritage. With computers and Internet connections in so many households, colleges, and businesses, people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time -- or talking to them in writing in online chat rooms. It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more convenient than waiting until Sunday for the telephone rates to drop. Students are e-mailing their professors to receive and discuss their classroom assignments and to submit them. They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate on homework. They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life. Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter. A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts. No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, "I want you to know that I care about you." This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts, but only in the success of human relationships. Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) 31 201012四级答案 1(C) People instinctively seek nature in different ways. 解析:第一段最后一句直接给出关键字profound belief, whether 引导的从句对应答案中的instinctively 2(B) Things that are purchased. 解析:第二段最后一句，what is best对应题目中的prefer, that is to say作为暗示直接引出之后的things that can be bought,选择D 3(B) More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill. 解析:题干中有关瑞典研究，定位到第四段第一句，结合语义，不难得出B的正确答案 4(D) are less likely to be involved in bullying 解析:A选项具有干扰性，第三段结尾给出自然熏陶能够提高学生学科水平的线索，但考虑到快速阅读题的传统，即题目顺序对应文章顺序，所以应该定位到第四段之后的内容，即大段有关bullying的段落，得出答案D。 5(B) Provide more green spaces for them. 解析:对应第八段内容，作者通过否定患儿对药物的依赖性来给出自己的建议，结合全文主旨自然环境的重要性，得出B答案 6(A) They enjoy a life of better quality. 解析:第九段第二句点出老龄人口增长的侧重点是在高质量的生活水平上，紧接着又指出绿色的生活方式是达到该种高质量生活水平的最重要因素。 7(A) access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence 解析:十一段引文中can reduce violent behavior，直接对应C选项 8(separated 解析:题干是有关人们错误观念的问题，找到倒数第三段的关键段error引导的内容，再对应到humanity and the natural world，得出separated(照抄原文separable与can重复，separable本身词义即能够分离的) 9(the wild world 解析:最后一段第二句直接命中题干，照抄the wild world即可。 10. harmony 解析:最后几段内容的小标题直接给出harmony Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A 短对话(11~18) 答案及解析: 11. D 解析:Woman最后说到I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature. 这表明了她待在这里很愉快，很享受待在华盛顿，故选D。 12. C 解析:Woman说到but I wish the director would give me some feedback. 这表明了她希望得到director的意见(即反馈)，故选D。 13. D 解析:Man以自己上次因运动(举重)过量而受伤为例，建议女士应该量力而行，避免过量运动，故选C。 14. C 解析:Man开头就说到I’m worried about her going on a plane. 从中可知，他担心的是年老的母亲能不能乘飞机，故选C。 15. B 解析:警察开头问到 Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? 通过这句话就可以知道女士没有遵守交通规则，故选C。 16. B 解析:Man说到 Maybe you should have it fixed，女士回答到You’re right. 这说明女士也同意男士的看法，但并未提到让这个男士来修，故选B。 17. A 解析:Man第二句话说到Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it. 表明他能实现买地建房的理想了，故选C。 18. B 解析:Woman说的第一句话是My hands still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.从中可知这位女士昨天在冰上滑倒受伤了，但是男士认为伤势并不严重，只建议她休养几天就可以了，不必去看医生。C是较强的干扰项，应该是女士现在需要休息而不是过去已经休息了几天，故选D。 对话精析: 第一个短对话: 32 谈论天气the heat is unbearable，强调有了华盛顿的museums and restaurants，天气再热也无所谓I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature. 学会看看生活中的积极因素，有了博物馆和餐馆，天气再热都热爱华盛顿，这是何等的乐天精神啊～ 第二个短对话: 谈论新工作，I’m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give me some feedback.我学了很多新东西呢，但是我希望上司能给我点反馈～～～feedback是反馈也是答案的题眼。这位女士想知道什么呢，想知道上司对她的看法嘛～ 第三个短对话: 关于锻炼身体的，还是关于制定锻炼身体的 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 的～Can you help me work out a physical training program, John?你能帮我制定个锻炼的项目吗,Sure, but whatever you do be careful not to overdo it. 当然啦，不过不管你做什么，得小心点别过头啊～接下来的句子是举例子Last time I had two weeks’ worth of weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself.上次我三天就完成了两个星期的举重的训练，结果我就受伤了。 问题是这个男人要建议这个女人什么, 四六级考试委员会一片苦心啊，这里分明在告诫同学们，平时锻炼身体悠着点儿。 第四个短对话:这个对话好～弘扬爱护老人的美德的～ 儿子说，我妈妈年纪大啦，I have an elderly mother 然后表达他对妈妈乘飞机的担心 I’m worried about her going on a plane. Is there any risk?有没有危险啊, 接下来，医生的回答，再次体现四六级客观而乐观的精神，Not if her heart is all right. If she has a heart condition, I’d recommend against it.她心脏没问题就没事啊，如果她心脏有问题的话，那我就不建议她去(乘飞机啦) 第五个短对话: 交通违规怎么做,～四六级听力教你谦恭有礼做回答。首先，第一句的男士质问，Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads?我们第一次示意让你在交叉口停车，你干嘛不停呢?(潜台词是，瞧，还不是被我给逮回来训话了么,～在这种情况之下，这位女士态度是诚恳的，Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded. Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? 对不起啊，我有点心不在焉。但不管怎么说，我需要罚款吗? 人嘛，都是有时候情绪化的嘛，并且我认罚，这句子学会了顺便大家开车的素质都提高了哈～第六个短对话: 家庭琐事。 第一个人说，I’m no expert我不是专家but that noise in your refrigerator doesn’t sound right. Maybe you should have it fixed.但是你冰箱里面的噪音听起来不大对啊，也许你应该去修理了吧。 have it fixed这个结构是考官们发誓要考生学会的have sth done的结构。 第二个人开腔了，You’re right.对话基调钉牢，我同意你，就是冰箱确实坏了。And I suppose I’ve put it off long enough.我恐怕我已经拖得够久了，put off,另一个考官立誓要教会全中国考生的内容，拖延，put off,核心之核心。 问题，这女的可能会怎么做呢, 她学会了核心单词听懂了整个对话以后，一定会去修冰箱～～并且，这里强调 是找人修冰箱， have it fixed而不是她自己修～ she will fix it herself. 第七个短对话: 买房问题。全国热议啊，考试考到的角度那是真叫一个艺术～ 我市区的公寓卖得不错～I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment. 也就是说卖了一个好价钱啦～ Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.现在，我可有钱买一块我早就看中的地啦，我能建一所房子啦～ 偷偷感叹下，这说明了城乡的房价是多么滴有茶具啊～不过考官还是仁慈的，不考那么隐晦的，来个简单的，听到这句话的人呢说Congratulations～Does that mean you’ll be moving soon? 恭喜你啊，那这是不是说明你很快要搬家了啊,～ 问题问我们知道第一个陈述的那个男人什么情况,～简单，字面意思就够你用来解答了，卖公寓了有了钱买地建房子了～ 第八个短对话: 还是运动，不过这里面涉及了一点点西方的固定搭配，black and blue又黑又蓝，这实际上说的是咱中文里面的， 身上摔得又青又紫。 第一个人是在说她昨天在冰上摔了一跤，手到现在还疼呢，My hand still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday. I wonder if I broke something.我想知道我是不是摔坏哪 33 儿了啊 (I wonder if这个句型好，走过路过不要错过，I wonder if I could get married with Sister Phoenix我真想知道我能不能娶凤姐啊,～) 下面这位男士的回答是， I’m no doctor, but it’s not black and blue or anything. Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days. 我不是医生，但是如果没有什么又青又紫也没其他问题的话，也许你只是需要休息几天罢了。 问题，此女发生了什么问题? 答案，手摔了，焦虑，问了一男的，这男的很冷静，告诉她没啥事。 长对话(19~25) 答案及解析: 19. What do we learn about the woman? 答案:A) She was a witness to the crime. 解析:文中男士需要女士描述一下抢劫银行的人(describe the man who robbed the bank)。选项中B提到了robbery，但是对话中没有说明女士是受害者(victim);D选项提到了她目击了某个犯罪经过，robbery显然是crime的一种。 20. What did the suspect look like? 答案:B) A tall man with dark hair and a moustache. 解析:原文中提到The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.，对应选项A。 21. What did the man finally asked the woman to do? 答案:D) Identify the suspect from pictures. 解析:对话结尾处，男士要求女士look at some photographs，很显然，他的目的是让女士通过照片来辨别嫌疑人。因此选择A。 22. How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy? 答案:C) By reading a newspaper ad. 解析: job vacancy指空缺的职位。在对话一开始，女士就说到她的目的:I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.从这句话中可以看出她得知职位信息的来源是the paper last night，对应A选项。 23. Why did the woman find the job appealing? 答案:A) She could work close to her family. 解析:本题关键词是appealing，意为引起兴趣的。女士提到她喜欢这份工作的原因是be near to the family.，close是near的同义替换词，因此选择B选项。 24. What had the woman been doing in Geneva? 答案:B) Working as a secretary. 解析:女士提到她在日内瓦做了一些secretarial work，也就是选项C中的secretary。虽然她也提到之前在大学学习，但是她取得的学位是a degree in English，而非选项D中的a degree in French. 25. What was the woman asked to do in the end? 答案:A) Send in a written application as soon as possible. 解析:对话中女士希望得到面试机会，但是男士要求先要递交书面申请(reply a writing to the advertisement)，并不是所有人都能得到面试机会，因此选择答案C。 题材考点分析: 长对话第二篇围绕女士求职面试展开，男士问了很多关于女士个人信息的问题，女士做出回答。做题时需要考生把握住对话大意、抓住细节信息以及两人的态度。 对话中的考点主要集中在细节、重点一些词组含义，以及同意词组替换。对话中关键信息包括:been working in Geneva, secretarial work, degree in English, be near to the family, applications in writing等。考题也正是针对这些关键信息出的，在听的时候考察考生对于细节的把握，尤其是叙述相同类型的事情时，更需要记下其中的区别，从而在做题时能够准确的选出选项。如对话中提到女士会French和English，区别是会说French，拿到了degree in English. 其中有几题考察同义词组替换。比如23题中用close替换了near，24题中用secretary替换了secretarial work。选项中频频出现同义词组替换，由此可见考生平时应该注意积累同一个意思不同的表达法。 另外，从说话的语气和表达情绪的词，也可以听出说话人的态度。比如女士在问到能否安排面试时，男士的回答 “Well, I’m afraid„” 由此看出男士否定了女士的想法。因此在做题中，很容易地排除了安排面试的选项。 总体来说，这篇听力难度中等，关键是要抓住细节。 34 Section B Passage One 听力文章分析: 本文难度不大，生词和难词不是很多，关键是整体上的及关键句的理解。先是消防队员在营 救火灾中时常遇到小孩对消防队员的设备不熟悉，以为是带着面具的怪兽(monster)，从 而躲起来，无法得到及时营救而丧失的现象入手，引出Eric Velez为了防止此类现象再次发 生，在社区里开始对孩子消防知识的教育。再举例进一步说明教育性质的演讲在拯救生命的 巨大作用。最后再简略地说下此类演讲的其他作用。 做题要点: (1) 抓关键句。一般篇章类听力，篇幅较长，听的时候一定要学会准确提取有用的信息， 如原因目的、结果、数字、开头和结尾部分等。 “because they think they have seen a monster” “To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire.” “But it’s a fact that informative speaking saves lives.” “Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food,” “In addition to saving lives,” 这几句就包括了所有题目的答案，只要抓住这几句并理解了其意，题目就不难做出。 (2) 抓住细节，但无需执着于细节。 本文的题目每题都设置了很多细节干扰项。如果太过执着于细节，如frightened by smoke and noise ;Eric Velez learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents 就会使得做题时 容易被细节分心，从而无法立即准确地判断和加以选择。 重点词汇: fire fighters 消防队员 monster怪兽、怪物 heartbreaks 伤心事 catch a glimpse of 瞥 见 masked戴面具的 oxygen mask 氧气面罩 informative 教育性的，有益的 答案及解析: 26. D) They mistake the firefighters for monsters. 解析:细节题，从开始when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster一句中便可得出因为不熟悉消防人员 戴面具的形象，孩子们以为来救援的消防人员是怪兽，所以躲起来。所以选D。其他选项文 中都没有涉及到。 27. A) He often teaches children what to do during a fire. 解析:本篇文章大篇幅讲的是Eric Velez给社区里的孩子讲解消防知识，让他们熟悉消防人 员及消防工具的过程。选项A，put out fire虽然是Eric Velez的工作，但是本文重点不是 在其消防员救活这个工作上，C、D选项很容易就可以排除。所以选B。 28. D) He saved the life of his brother choking on food. 解析:细节题，从Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food一句便可得出答案，文章中关于Pete Gentry的主要信息就是他救了噎着食物的弟弟。 所以选A。做题时一定要把人名及其所做的事准确对应起来。 29. D) Informative speeches can save lives. 解析:主旨题，本文举了一个大例子，一下小例子来 证明 住所证明下载场所使用证明下载诊断证明下载住所证明下载爱问住所证明下载爱问 教育性的演说有救人性命的好处。 虽然在文章最后也列举了下其他好处，但是主旨还是拯救生命。所以选D。其他几个选项都 主要讲细节处，很容易就可以排除。 Passage Two 听力文章分析: 本篇听力讲述的是截然不同的两种生活态度，一种是“make and save a lot of money in order to retire early”，另一种则是“live only for today”，作者在陈述两种不同态度之后， 针对两种态度给出了自己的看法“it's better to pick the spend-all approach”。本篇 听力不是太难，没有较难的词汇，虽然有几个需要注意的句式，如:“At the other extreme are people who live only for today. Why bother saving„ ”等，但是通过上下文也是 不难理解的，而且结构也比较清楚，基本上可以分为三部分:两种不同的态度和作者的观点，所考察的三道题也上针对了这三个主要的点。由此可见，听听力的时候依然首先要从全文来 把握，把握文章的要点，在把握要点的基础上，有重点的去听一些细节，如与要点相关的原 因和后果，以及作者本人对这些事情的看法，遇到与此相关的信号词或者关键词时就一定要 注意重点记忆。 答案及解析: 30. C) To make money for early retirement. 解析:本题考察原因，问为什么人们喜欢比较苛求但收入较高的工作，其实听力一开始就用 in order to 给出了原因，即:retire early，所以选C项。 35 31. A) They may have to continue to work in old age. 解析:本题考察后果，问只为当下而活的人面临着什么危险，从“The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.”中可以看出A是正确选项，及在年老时有可能不得不继续工作。 32. C) Enjoying yourself while you can. 解析:本课考察文章作者的态度，从 “Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.”中可以看出，作者认为想等到退休后再做自己想做的事情以及和自己喜欢的人在一起可能是一种错误，所以选B，即趁着自己还可以的时候要懂得享受生活。 Passage Three 听力文章分析: 此篇短文听力难度适中。叙述者，即文中的speaker，通过记叙自己的境遇表达个人观点。三个自然段分别对应文章后的三道题，结构清晰明了，题目答案导向明确。 第一段通过开篇点题引出本文话题，“以偏概全”着实有失公平; 第二段记叙一个发生在Graben Gore 饭店的故事，关键句:A new sign in the window told the story. “No more than two students at a time”; 第三段同样是记叙一个发生在药店的故事，故事情节较为简单。 此三题听时关键在于抓关键句子，个别人名等不需做过多关注。 答案及解析: 33.C) Innocent people being suspected groundlessly。 文章第一段中，由”How fair will that be”的前一句和后一句均可推出此答案。前一句即“一个邻居犯了法，所有的邻居们都成了怀疑对象”。后一句即“因为有些学生小偷小摸，所有的学生就都被当成小偷来看待„„”，二者表明一个意思，即“无辜者被毫无理由的怀疑属实不公平”。 34.D) Allowing only two students to enter at a time。 第一个小故事中的一个关键句后面紧跟答案。该关键句为，”A new sign in the window told the story.” 而这个sign的内容就是紧随其后的“No more than two students at a time”. 35.B) He was closely watched. 此题需要自己稍作 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf ，最后一个小故事说到文中的“我”去药店，却一直被盯着;此事让“我”很是不满。 Section C 36. preserve 37. appreciate 38. households 39. chat 40. convenient 41. rates 42. receive 43. submit 44. They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life. 45. A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts. 46. This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts 47. raise在这里的意思是“养育”，the environment in which you were raised 意思是“你成长的环境”。 48. "psychological activity"意思是“心理活动”，全句意思是“研究基因和外部环境如何相互作用影响人心理活动的学科被称为行为遗传学”。 49. “make contributions to”为固定搭配，意为“为„„做贡献”。 50. “ability to „”意思是“做某事的能力”，在此处，全句意思是“任何一篇宣称人类做出某种行为的能力是基于生物学的研究都是有争议的”。 51. "limitations to what you can achieve"意思是“对你所能达到的水平的限制”。 52. 此处需填一个形容词，而且用来形容人，根据题意，smart符合题意，表示“机灵，可爱”。 53. 此处填extent，主要是因为后面有to，“to the extent „”译为“„„的程度”。 54. indicate 意思是“表明，显示”。全句意为“越来越多的科学(现象)表明基因对人类很多特征有基础作用”。 36 55. essentially 的意思是“实际上，本质上”。全句意为“从这个角度来讲，人一出生， 本质上就像是还没洗出来的照片:相已经照了，但是最终会呈现多少就在于显影的过程了”。 56. eventually 副词，意思是“最终，最后”。 Section B Passage One 57. B) few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university 推理题。“one-way street” 字面意思是“单行道”，含有只能从一个方向前进却很难往 相反方向前进的意思，用了比喻用法。文章第二句就解释说明了这个“one-way street”在 文中的含义。大学里的学者去商界创业的现象不算稀奇，但是反过来就不怎么常见。所以选 择C选项。 58. C) keeps someone from taking action 推理题。“deterrent”有妨碍物的意思。在文中需要通过上下文来理解。单词前的意思是 “薪水永远是最大的„因为很多人觉得到大学里工作就会减少工资，从而无法养家糊口。” 从后面半句，我们可以推断出deterrent的意思，所以选A选项。 59. A) Her research interests. 细节题。答案在Para3Line3可以找到。“Her main reason for„ to take advantage of the great freedom to choose research questions.”表明Helen Lee换行主要考虑到的是自己 可以比较自由地选择研究领域，即个人的研究兴趣。所以选择B选项。 60. C) exploit better intellectual opportunities 细节题。本题比较简单，在Para3最后一句“felt it worthwhile for the great intellectual opportunities”就可以找到答案。 61. A) Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market. 推理题。本着一题对应一段的一般原则，我们应该在最后一段里找答案。“the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry in„“that will help students get a job when they graduate”段落主要是在讲industrial scientists到大学教学后的 主要贡献。所以选择A项。 Passage Two 62. B) marriage contributes to a great deal of longevity 解析:第一段提到“but the biggest longevity boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship.”紧接着就说到“The effect was first noted in 1958 by William Farr,„”。句中的boost和选项D中的contribute有相近的意思，故选择D。 63. C) marriage can help make up for ill heath 解析:Linda Waite举例子说到一个有心脏病的已婚男人可以比未婚但是健康的男人多活4 年。因此，婚姻可以弥补身体不健康带来的不利因素，故选B。 64. D) the disadvantages of being married 解析:flip side的愿意是唱片的另一面，在这里前面已经分析过婚姻的好处，这里指的就 是婚姻的反面，故选A。 65. D) They have effects similar to those of a marriage. 解析:第二段最后一句„how all kinds of social networks have similar effects. 故 选择A。 66. A) To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network. 解析:最后一段提到如果想生活的更长久到100岁，就要发展自己的社交网络，故选B。 67. B came out 表示出版，公布，这里表示 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 的公布。 68. C less 根据上下文可知这里说的是都市人口的增长，强调之前的少和现在的多，所以 用少于更合适。less than:少于，不到。 69. C by 在这里表示截止到某时间为止。 70. B almost 几乎，将近，对前面的解释，说明人口有多少。 71. A developed 根据上下文意思，以及后文相对的developing world可知应该是发达国 家，即:developed countries。 72. D growth 仔细阅读的话可以发现下文就有答案，这里讲的是都市人口的增长，所以用 growth。 73. C lead lead to表示导致，通向，本段末也有出现过，在这里是说都市化有助于社会和 经济的进步。 74. C pressure 从下文的描述可以看出过快的都市化也给城市带来了巨大压力，所以选 pressure。 75. D services 服务，城市为人们提供住房和服务。 76. B into 介词选择，move into 移入，迁入;固定搭配。 77. D driven 表示推动，驱动，driven by 由„驱动，由什么原因引起的。 37 78. D wealth 财富;social division and differences in wealth 社会分化和财富上的差距。 79. D unless 除非，这里说的是除非城市 规划 污水管网监理规划下载职业规划大学生职业规划个人职业规划职业规划论文 更好，否则各部分财富分配不均的局面将可能导致犯罪问题。 80. A expand 指扩张， expand into rural areas 扩张到农村地区。 81. D at at a much faster rate 以更快的速度，固定搭配 82. A common 表示某事件很普遍，平常。从下文的across America可知这种情况很普遍很常见。 83. D major major cities，大城市，与后文中的smaller cities形成对比 84. A trend 趋势，这里是对前面情况的概括，a trend toward de-urbanization 表示一种逆城市化的发展趋势。 85. B but 表示转折，说城市还是有自身优点的，与前面的“逆城市化”形成转折关系。 86. C possibilities 可能性，这里表示城市依然能够提供农村所不能提供的机会和可能性。 87( To ensure his attendance at the meeting 【结构分析】本题句子的主干 “I called him up in advance”已经给出，无需翻译，需要翻译部分为“为了确保他能参加会议”。该部分在句子中作目的状语 【考点解释】本题考查是目的状语。?目的状语可以由to/in order to来引导。?确保 ensure sb to do 确保某人做某事，ensure sth 确保某事 【原句精释】为了确保他参加会议，我已经提前给他电话了。 88( is said to have been built 【结构分析】本题句子的主语为the significant museum，缺谓语，即(据说建成于) about a hundred years ago为时间状语。 【考点解释】本题重点考查:?被动语态。主语museum与动词build之间为被动关系; 且bulid这一动作发生在过去。?据说 be said to;be said to+ 动词不定式的完成时，表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。 【原句精释】据说这座意义深远的博物馆大约建成于一百年前。 89( without its unique environment but for its unique environment 【结构分析】本题句子含有There be结构。主干完整，there主语，would be 谓语，no life 表语，on earth 地点状语 【考点解释】本题重点考查:?without的用法 without 是介词，后接名词;同时，表示“没有”，除without外，还可用but for;?单词拼写 unique adj.独特;environment n.环境 ?当名词重复出现时，可适当使用代词，避免重复。 【原句精释】没有地球独特的环境，地球上就不会有生命。 90( What impressed the tourists most 【结构分析】本题句子为主系表结构，主语即考查部分，was 系动词，剩余部分为表语。 【考点解释】本题重点考查?what引导的主语从句;what可引导句子充当主语;?impress用法 给„留下印象 impress sb;?最高级的用法most;结合考点??，可推出“给„印象最深”为impress sb most 【原句精释】当地人的友善与热情给游客们留下了最深的印象。 91( books I borrowed (should) be returned to the library I (should) return the book I borrowed to the library 【结构分析】本题句子的主干部分分别是they 主语，request 谓语，后接that引导的宾语从句。 【考点解释】?request的用法。request v. 要求;当request表示“要求”时，引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即(should)+ 动词原形。?定语从句。“我借的书”， the book (that) I borrowed;?单词的拼写。归还 return，借 borrow，图书馆 library ?本题就此题提供了两个版本的答案，但在表示“规定，规则”时，被动语态更为常用。 【原句精释】他们要求我在下周五之前把借的书还回图书馆。 38