机械电梯基础知识

机械电梯基础知识 A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 电梯基础知识/Lift Know-how 1 曳引式电梯 Traction lift 电梯是一种机电结合紧密地用电力拖动的特殊升降设备，是一种现代生活中必 不可少的，广泛应用的垂直交通运输工具，在现代城市文明中，电梯不但已成为 高层建筑不可缺少的垂直运输设备，也将成为低层建筑中的代步工具。在垂直交 通运输工具中曳引式电梯是使用最普遍的一种电梯。因此， 1-1 电梯的基本结构 Lift basic structure 1-1-1 曳引系统 Traction system 曳引系统主要由曳引机、曳引钢丝绳、导向轮及反绳轮等组成。 Traction system is composed of traction machine, traction rope, diverter pulley and counterweight sheave. 1-1-1-1曳引机有驱动电动机、制动器、减速箱、机座、曳引轮等组成。它是电 梯的动力源。驱动电动机为电梯专用交流电机或直流电机。 As the power provider, traction machine is composed of drive motor, brake, geared machine, machine base and traction sheave. Drive motor is AC or DC motor for lift. 制动器通常采用双瓦块常闭式电磁制动器。电梯停止或电源断电情况下制动抱 闸，以保证电梯不致移动。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市 南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电 话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp Elevator ThyssenKrupp Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -2 of 45- Usually adopted is double lined normally closed magnetic brake. Brake is activated to prevent lift from moving in case of lift stop or power failure. 减速机大多选用蜗轮蜗杆减速机，也有行星齿轮、斜齿轮减速机。无齿轮电梯 不需减速机。曳引轮即为曳引机上的绳轮，两端借助曳引钢丝绳分别悬挂轿厢和 对重。 Usually adopted is worm geared machine, besides, star gear and slanting geared machine are also available. Gearless lift needs no geared machine. Traction sheave is a sheave on traction machine, on both sides of which can suspend car and counterweight by means of traction rope. 1-1-1-2 曳引钢丝绳的两端分别连接轿厢和对重(或两端固定在机房上)，依靠 钢丝绳与曳引轮绳槽之间的静摩擦力来实现电梯轿厢的升降。 Both sides of the traction rope are connected with car and counterweight (or both sides are attached to the machine room). Car is moved upwards or downwards by means of static friction between traction rope and rope groove. 1-1-1-3导向轮又称抗绳轮，因电梯轿厢尺寸一般都比较大，轿厢悬挂中心和对 重悬挂中心间的距离往往大于 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 上所允许的曳引轮直径，因此对一般电梯而言 需要设置导向轮，以保证两股向下的曳引钢丝绳之间的距离等于或接近轿厢悬挂 中心和对重悬挂中心之间的距离，以分开轿厢和对重的间距。 Deflector sheave is also called beam Pulley. Since car is comparatively large in dimensions; the distance between car suspension center and counterweight suspension center is generally longer than the diameter of traction sheave, deflector sheave is usually used for lifts to ensure the distance between two ropes downwards to be equal or almost equal to the distance between car suspension center and counterweight suspension center, distancing car and counterweight. 对复绕的无齿轮电梯而言，改变复绕轮的位置同样可以达到上述目的。采用复 绕轮还可以增加曳引能力。 For gearless lift with compound wounding, changing the position of winding pulley can also achieve the above purpose, besides the application of compound winding pulley can also increase traction capacity. 1-1-1-4 反绳轮 当钢丝绳的绕绳比大于1时，在轿厢顶和对重架上应增设反绳 轮。反绳轮的个数与曳引比有关，可以是1个、2个甚至是3个。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 -760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -3 of 45- Diversion sheave: with suspension ratio > 1, diversion sheave should be installed on the top of car and counterweight frame. Related to suspension ratio, number of diversion sheave can be 1, 2 or even 3. 1-1-2 导向系统 Diverter system 导向系统由导轨、导靴(图1-3)和导轨架(图1-4)等组成。它的作用是限制 轿厢和对重的活动自由度，使轿厢和对重只能沿着导轨做升降运动。 Composed of guide rails, guide shoes and rail frame, diverter system is used to limit the flexibility of car and counterweight, making car and counterweight move along the guide rail upwards and downwards. 导轨固定在导轨架上，导轨架是支撑导轨的组件，与井道壁联接。 Guide rails are fixed on the rail frame that is used to support rails and connected with well wall. 导靴装在轿厢和对重架上，与导轨配合，强制轿厢和对重的运动服从于导轨的 走向。 Installed on car and counterweight frame, guide shoes are working together with guide rails, forcing car and counterweight to move in compliance with the direction of guide rails. 1-1-3 门系统 Door system 门系统由轿厢门、层门、门机、联动机构、门锁等组成。 Door system is composed of car door, level door, door operator, interconnection and door lock. 轿厢门设在轿厢入口，有门扇、门导轨架、门靴和门刀等组成。 Car door Located in the entrance to car, car door is composed of door fan, door guide rail frame, door shoe and door vane. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -4 of 45- 层门设在层站入口，有门扇、门导轨架、门靴、门锁装置及应急开锁装置组成。 Level door located in the entrance to landing, landing door is composed of door fan, door guide rail frame, door shoe, door lock and emergency unlocking device. 门机设在轿厢上，是轿门和层门开启和关闭的动力源。 Door operator installed on the car, door operator is power provider for opening and closing car door and landing door. 1-1-4 轿厢 Car 轿厢是用以运送乘客或货物的电梯组件。它是由轿厢架和轿厢体组成。 Composed of car frame and car body, car is used to convey passengers or cargo. 轿厢架是轿厢体的承重架构，由上横梁、立柱、底梁和斜拉杆等组成。 As a support for car body, car frame is composed of top transom, side transom, bottom transom and brace rod. 轿厢体由轿厢底、轿厢壁、轿厢顶及照明、通风装置、轿厢装饰件和操纵盘等 组成。轿厢的大小由额定载重量和额定载客量决定。 Car boy is composed of car bottom, car wall, car top, ventilation, decoration profile and control panel. Car dimensions are determined by rated load and passenger flow. 1-1-5 重量平衡系统 Weight balance system 该系统由对重和重量补偿装置组成。 Such system is composed of counterweight and weight compensation device. 对重由对重架和对重块组成。对重将平衡轿厢自重和部分的额定载重。 Counterweight is composed of counterweight and counterweight filler. Counter weight is used to offset car weight and partial rated load. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 -8890612 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -5 of 45- 重量补偿装置是补偿高层电梯中轿厢与对重侧曳引钢丝绳长度变化对电梯平 衡影响的装置。 Weight compensation device is used to offset the influence on the lift balance arising from the changing rope length of car and counterweight. 1-1-6 电力拖动系统 Electrical driving system 该系统由曳引电机、供电系统、速度反馈装置、调速装置等组成。对电梯实行 速度控制。 Composed of traction machine, power supply system, speed feedback device and speed-adjusting device, such system is used to control lift speed. 曳引电机是电梯的动力源，根据电梯配置可用交流电机或直流电机。 Traction machine is the power provider for lift. AC or DC motor can be selected based on lift configuration. 供电系统是为电机提供电源的装置。 Power supply system provides power for motor. 速度反馈装置是为调速系统提供电梯运行速度信号。一般采用测速发电机或速 度脉冲发生器，与电机相连。 Speed feedback device is used to provide lift speed signal for speed-adjusting system. Connected with motor, tachogenerator or speed pulse generator is usually adopted. 调速装置对曳引电机实行调速控制。 Speed adjusting device is used to control speed of traction motor. 1-1-7 电气控制系统 Electrical control system 电气控制系统由操纵装置、位置显示装置、控制装置、平层装置、选层器等组 成。它的作用是对电梯的运行实行操纵和控制。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -6 of 45- Composed of operation device, position indicator device, control device, leveling device and selector, electrical control system is used to operate and control lift. 操纵装置包括轿厢操纵盘或手柄开关箱、层站召唤按钮、轿顶和机房中的检修 或应急操纵箱。控制装置安装在机房中，由各类电气控制元件(或板)组成，是 电梯实行电气控制的集中组件。 Operation device is composed of operation panel or handle switch tank, landing call button, inspection or emergency control box. Installed in the machine room, as the integrated unit for electrical control, control device is composed of electrical control components (or panels). 位置显示装置裝在轿厢 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -7 of 45- emergency exit contact, overspeed protection switch, safety gear switch, door protection switch and inspection switch. 1-2 电梯的分类 Lift types 电梯的定义:用电力拖动的轿厢运行于铅垂的或与铅垂方向倾斜不大于15o的 两列刚性导轨之间运送乘客或货物的固定设备。目前不论其驱动方式如何，将电 梯作为建筑物Whatever drive type lift has, it is a collective term for vehicle traveling within a building. 根据建筑物的高度、用途及客流量(或物流量)不同，而设置不同种类的电梯。 目前电梯的基本分类方法大致如下: Based on the building’s height, application and passenger flow(or cargo flow), different types of lifts are used. Currently, lifts are classified based on the following criteria: 1-2-1 按驱动方式分类 Classified by drive type 1-2-1-1 交流电梯 AC lift 用交流感应电动机作为驱动力的电梯。根据拖动方式又可分为交流单速、交流 双速、交流调压调速、交流调频调压调速电梯。 AC motor is used in lift. Based on traction types, lifts can be classified as AC single-speed, AC double-speed, AC speed / voltage-viable, AC viable speed / frequency lifts. 1-2-1-2 直流电梯 DC lift 用直流电动机作为驱动力的电梯，这类电梯的额定速度都在2m/s以上。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 -760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -8 of 45- DC motor is used in lift whose rated speed is above 2m/s. 1-2-1-3 液压电梯 Hydraulic lift 利用电动泵驱动液体流动，由柱塞使轿厢升降的电梯。 By means of electrical pump driving fluid, lift is moved upwards or downwards -1-4 齿轮齿条电梯 through plunders. 1-2 Gear rack lift 将导轨加工成齿条，轿厢装上与齿条啮合的齿轮, 电动机带动齿轮旋转使轿厢 升降的电梯。 Rails are made into gear racks. Car is equipped with gears that are engaged with racks. Lift is moved upwards or downwards by means of the rotation of gears driven by motor. 1-2-1-5 螺杆式电梯 Spiral lever lift 将直顶式电梯的柱塞加工成矩形螺纹，再将带有推力轴承的大螺母安装于油缸 顶，然后通过电机经减速机(或皮带)带动大螺母旋转，从而使螺杆顶升轿厢上 升或下降的电梯。 In spiral level lifts, plunders of straightly-pushed lifts are made into rectangular threads; big nuts with pushing bearings are installed on the top of the cylinder. Through motor, the big nuts rotate with geared machine (or belt). Therefore, supported by the spiral lever, lifts can move upward or downwards. 1-2-1-6直线电机驱动的电梯 Machine driven by lineal motor 其动力源是直线电机。 Lift is powered by lineal motor. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 -8890612 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -9 of 45- -2 按用途分类 1-2 Classified by applications 1-2-2-1 乘客电梯 Passenger lift 为运送乘客设计的电梯，要求有完善的安全设施及一定的轿厢 蒂森电梯有 限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -10 of 45- 供图书馆、办公楼、饭店、食品等设计的电梯。这类电梯无安全设施，轿厢 Without safety facilities, such lift is not allowed to convey passengers. 1-2-2-5 观光电梯 Sightseeing lift 轿厢壁透明，供乘客观光用的电梯。 With transparent car wall, sightseeing lift is designed for tourists. 1-2-2-6 车辆电梯 Vehicle lift 用作装运车辆的电梯。 Vehicle lift is designed to convey vehicles. 1-2-2-7 船舶电梯 Ship lift 船舶上使用的电梯。 Ship lift is designed for ship. 1-2-2-8 建筑施工电梯 Construction lift 建筑施工与维修用的电梯。 Construction lift is designed for construction and maintenance. 1-2-2-9 其他 Others 除上述常用电梯外，还有些特殊用途的电梯，如冷库电梯、防爆电梯、矿井电 梯、 电站电梯、消防员用的电梯等。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -11 of 45- Besides the above mentioned lifts, there are lifts for special applications, such as freezer lift, explosion-proof lift, mine lift, power station lift and fireman lift. 1-2-3 按速度分类 Classified by speed 电梯无严格的速度分类，一般习惯上如下分类 Lifts fall into the following categories: 1-2-3-1 低速梯:常指速度低于1.0m/s的电梯; Low-speed lift is defined as lift with speed less than 1.0m/s. 1-2-3-2 快速梯:常指速度在1.0,2.5m/s的电梯; Fast-speed lift is defined as lift with speed ranging from 1.0m/s to 2.5m/s. 1-2-3-3 高速梯:常指速度大于2.5m/s的电梯 High-speed lift is defined as lift with speed more than 2.5m/s. 1-2-4 按电梯有无司机分类 Classified by lift with or without driver 1-2-4-1 有司机电梯 Lift with attendant 电梯的运行方式由专职司机操纵来完成。 Lift running is operated by an attendant. 1-2-4-2 无司机电梯 Lift without attendant 乘客进入电梯轿厢，按下操纵箱上所需要去的层楼按钮，电梯自动运行到达目 的层楼。 这类电梯具有集选功能。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -12 of 45- Lift without attendant: Entering the car and operating floor button to select a floor desired, passenger can be conveyed to a landing desired. Such lift is featured collective-selection. -3 有/无司机电梯 1-2-4 Lift with / without attendant 这类电梯可变换控制电路，平时由乘客操纵，如遇客流量大或必要时改由司机 操作。 Lift with/without attendant is operated by passengers usually. In cased of big passenger flow or necessary circumstance, it will be operated by the attendant. 1-2-5 按操纵控制方式分类 Classified by control mode 1-2-5-1 手柄开关操纵 Handle- operated 电梯司机在轿厢It is required the car door equipped with transparent glass window or grid car door; well wall is required to be have floor or leveling flag, by which the driver can determine floor number and control leveling. 1-2-5-2 按钮控制电梯 Button-controlled 是一种简单的自动控制电梯，据有自动平层功能，常见以下两种控制方式: With automatic leveling function, button-controlled lift is simple and automatic, which has 2 control modes: 1-2-5-2-1 轿厢外按钮控制 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -13 of 45- Button outside car 轿厢由安装在各楼层门口的按钮箱进行操纵。操纵Car call, running direction and parking can be controlled. Lift will not execute any new command from other landings until it finishes executing a previous command. Such control mode is usually applicable to service lift or cargo lift with not more than 10 landings. -5-2-2轿厢Lift only accepts command inside car; landing call button can only 1-2 light up indicators inside car (or start alarm), can not stop or operate lift. 1-2-5-3 信号控制电梯 Signal-controlled lift 这是一种自动控制程度较高的有司机电梯。除具有自动平层，自动开门功能外， 尚具有轿厢命令登记，层站召唤登记，自动停层，顺向截车和自动换向等功能。 司机只要将需要停站的层楼按钮逐一按下，再按下启动按钮，电梯就自动关门运 行。在这中间，司机只需操纵起动按钮，一直到预先登记的指令全部执行完毕。 在运行中，电梯能被符合运行方向的层站召唤信号截停。采用这种控制方式的常 为有司机客梯。 It is a highly automated lift with driver. Besides having automatic leveling and door-opening, it has such functions as command register, landing call register, automatic landing, on-the-way stop and automatic return. Just pressing the desired floor buttons one by one and start-up button, the driver can make the lift close the door and operate. 1-2-5-4 集选控制电梯 Collective selective control lift ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -14 of 45- 是一种在信号控制基础上发展起来的全自动控制的电梯。与信号控制的主要区 别在于能实现无司机操纵。其主要特点是:把轿厢Compared with the former, it can achieve driverless control. Its main characteristic is the combination of car call and landing call, so as to automatically control upward and downward movement, and sequent response. Load-weight device should be installed in the car to avoid overload. Also protection device is needed on the car door to protect passengers against body injury during getting in and out from the car. 集选控制又分为全集选(双向)控制和上或下(单向)集选控制。全集选控制 的电梯，无论在上行或下行时，全部应答层站的召唤指令。而单向集选，只能应 答层站一个方向(上或下)的召唤信号。一般下集选控制方式用得较多，如住宅 楼In the mode of whole collective selective control, lift will respond to all landing calls no matter in upward or downward movement. In the mode of one-way collective selective control, lift will only respond to landing call from upward or downward. Generally speaking, collective selective control downward is used more frequently, for instance, for residential building. 1-2-5-5 并联控制电梯 Parallel control lift 2,3台电梯的控制线路并联起来进行逻辑控制，共用层站外召唤按钮，电梯本 身都具有集选功能。 PLC is executed through parallel circuit for the control of two to three lifts, with landing call button shared. Lift has collective selective function. 两台并联集选控制组成的电梯，基站设在大楼的底层，当一台电梯执行指令完 毕后，自动返回基站。另一台电梯在完成其所有任务后，就停留在最后停靠的层 楼作为备用梯，准备接受基站以上出现的任何指令而运行。基站梯可优先供进入 大楼的ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -15 of 45- 乘客服务，备用梯主要应答其他层楼的召唤。当重新出现召唤指令时，备用梯 首先应答、启动、运行。当备用梯运行后方出现召唤信号时，则基站梯接受信号 启动出发。基站梯和备用梯不是固定不变的，而是跟据运行的实际情况确定。备 用梯也有可能在执行轿厢Finishing all tasks, the other lift will dwell in the latest landing as a stand-by lift to wait for further command from landings above the home landing. Receiving call command, the stand-by lift will respond, start up and run. If any call gives out after the operation of the stand-by lift, the home landing lift will receive the call and start. Home landing lift and stand-by lift are changeable according to actual circumstances. Stand-by lift can also park in the home landing after executing commands from passengers in the car, responding to home landing preferably. 三台并联集选组成的电梯，有两台电梯作为基站梯，一台为备用梯。运行原则 类同于两台并联控制电梯。 For three lifts with parallel collective selective control, two of them will serve as home landing lifts, with the remaining one as stand-by lift. Operation principle is same as that of two lifts. 1-2-5-6 群控电梯 Group control lifts 群控是用微机控制和统一调度多台集中并列的电梯。群控可以有: Group control lifts are several lifts controlled and coordinated by computer. 1-2-5-6-1 梯群的程序控制 控制系统按预先编制好的交通模式程序集中调度 和控制。如将一天中客流分成上行客流量高峰状态，客流量平衡状态，下行客流 量高峰状态，上行客流量较下行大的状态，下行客流量较上行大的状态，空闲时 的客流量状态。电梯在工作中，按照当时客流情况，轿厢的负载、层站的召唤频 繁程度，运行一周的时间间隔等为依据，自动选择或人工变换控制程序，如在上 行高峰期，对电梯实行下行直驶控制等。 Program control: Coordination and control are made through programmed traffic mode. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -16 of 45- For instance, passenger flow in one day is classified into the following statuses: upward peak traffic, balanced traffic, downward peak traffic, upward traffic flow more than downward traffic flow, downward traffic flow more than upward traffic flow, idle traffic. For lift in service, based on passenger flow, car load, landing call frequency, running interval for one week, it is possible to select automatic or manual control program, for instance, during upward peak traffic, downward running with non-stop is possible for lift. 1-2-5-6-2梯群智能控制电梯 智能控制电梯有数据的采集、交换、存储功能， 还有进行分析、筛选、 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 的功能。控制系统可以显示出所有电梯的运行状态， 同过专用程序可分析电梯的工作效率、评价电梯的服务水平。计算机根据当前的 客流情况，自动选择最佳的运行控制程序。最新研制出的大楼管理系统，包括了 大楼中所有服务设备，如锅炉、暖通、空调、电梯的群控和管理的智能化系统。 Intelligence controlled lift: It has such functions as data collection, data exchange, saving, analysis, screening and report. Control panel can display operation status of all lifts;lift-specific program can analyze lift efficiency and evaluate lift service quality. Based on current passenger flow, computer can select optimum operation control program. The latest developed building management system includes all service facilities, such as boiler, heating system, air-conditioning system, group control and management intelligence system. 1-2-6 按曳引机有无减速机分类 Classified by traction machine with or without geared machine 1-2-6-1 有齿轮电梯 电梯曳引轮的转速与电动机的转速不相等(电动机转速大 于曳引轮转速)中间有涡轮蜗杆减速机或齿轮减速机(行星齿轮、斜齿轮)。一 般电梯的额定速度?2m/s。 Traction machine with geared machine: The speed of traction machine is not equal to that of motor (the speed of motor is more than that of traction machine.). There a worm geared machine or gearless machine (star gear, slanting gear). Normally rated speed of lift is ?2m/s. 1-2-6-2 无齿轮电梯 电梯曳引轮转速与电动机转速相等，中间无涡轮蜗杆减速 机或齿轮减速机。对于此类电梯，要求电动机具有低转速、大转矩特性。电梯的 额定速度?2m/s。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 -8890612 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -17 of 45- Gearless lift: The speed of traction machine is equal to that of motor. There is no worm geared machine or gearless machine. For such lifts, the motor should be of low speed, big torque, with rated speed equal to or more than 2m/s. 1-2-7按机房位置分类 Classified by machine room position 1-2-7-1 上置式机房 机房在井道的顶部; Upper-arranged machined room: machine room is arranged one the top of the well. 1-2-7-2 下置式机房 机房在井道的底部; Lower-arranged machine room: machine room is arranged at the bottom of the well. 1-2-7-3 侧置式机房 机房在距离井道50m以 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 -760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -18 of 45- one side of which is suspended with car, the other side of which is suspended with counterweight. When traction sheave is rotating, the friction between traction rope and groove will produce traction force to move car upwards and downwards. See fig1-1 由于悬挂轿厢和对重的曳引绳与曳引轮绳槽间有足够的摩擦力来克服任何位 置上的轿厢侧和对重侧曳引绳上的拉力差，因此保证了轿厢和对重随着曳引轮的 正转和反转，而不断地上升和下降。 With enough friction between traction rope for suspending car and counterweight and rope groove to offset the differential tension on the traction rope of car and counterweight, car and counterweight keep on moving upwards or downwards by means of clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of traction sheave. 1-3-2 曳引传动的特点: Characteristic of traction drive 1-3-2-1安全可靠 Safe and reliable 当轿厢或对重因为某种原因超过了规定的行程碰到缓冲器时，曳引传动机构能 自动消失曳引能力，不至于继续曳引轿厢或对重而发生撞顶或墩底或拉断钢丝 绳。 In case of car or counterweight run by to touch buffer, traction machine will lose traction capacity automatically, to prevent car or counterweight from colliding with top or bottom, or breaking traction rope. 1-3-2-2 允许提升高度大 High hoisting travel 曳引式电梯不像卷扬机那样，钢丝绳不断地一圈一圈地绕在卷筒上，其钢丝绳 的长度不受限制，因此可以实现将轿厢提升到任何实际需要的高度上。 Unlike windlass, traction lift can have ropes wound one by one around the coiler, with unlimited length, so as to hoist car to any desired height. 1-3-2-3 结构简单 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 -8890612 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -19 of 45- Simple in structure 对于垂直起吊设备，根据 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 要求，曳引轮(或卷筒)直径与钢丝绳直径之比 不得小于40。曳引式电梯可以比较容易地通过增加钢丝绳的根数或减少钢丝绳 的直径，从而达到曳引轮直径的减小和使整个机构的重量减轻。 To vertically hoist equipment, it is conventionally required that the diameter ratio of traction sheave (or coiler) to traction rope be ?40. For traction lift, it is easier to decrease the diameter of traction machine and total weight by increasing rope number or decreasing diameter. 1-3-2-4 便于选用价格便宜、结构紧凑的高转速电动机。 Matching economical and compact high-speed motor 在电梯额定速度一定的情况下，曳引轮直径越小，则需要曳引轮转速越高，与 此同时也就要求驱动电动机转速越高。因此采用曳引式传动便于选用紧凑、价格 便宜的高速电动机。 If rated speed is definite, the smaller the diameter of traction sheave is, the faster the speed of the traction sheave and motor is required. Therefore, compact and economical high-speed motor can be used on traction drive. 1-3-3 常见的曳引传动形式 Typical traction drive modes 由于曳引机的位置、速度、负载等是不同的，钢丝绳的绕法也就不同，但要尽 可能采用简单的绕法和最少的定滑轮，以延长钢丝绳的寿命和提高效率。 Winding method for traction rope is different due to different position, speed and load. However, it is required to adopt simple winding and fixed pulleys as few as possible, to prolong traction rope life and improve efficiency. 1-3-3-1 钢丝绳绕绳方式 Traction rope winding method 曳引绳挂在曳引轮和导向轮上且曳引绳对曳引轮的最大包角不大于1800的绕 绳方式称为单绕，或称半绕;曳引绳绕曳引轮和导向轮一周后才被引向轿厢和对 重的绕ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -20 of 45- 绳方式称为复绕，或称全绕。复绕方式增加了曳引绳在曳引轮上的包角，提高 了摩擦力。 Traction rope is suspended on traction sheave and diverter pulley; the maximum angle of traction rope to traction sheave should be ?180?. Such winding method is defined as single winding or half winding. Traction rope will not lead to car and counterweight until it winds traction sheave and diverter pulley for one round. Such winding is called compound winding or full winding, which increases angle and friction. 图1-2-1为曳引机上置的钢丝绳绕绳方式，其中(A)、(B)、(C)为单绕方式， (D)为复绕方式。 Fig.1-2-1: Winding types for upper traction machine; (A), (B) and (C) are single winding, (D) is compound winding. 图1-2-2为曳引机下置的钢丝绳绕绳方式，其中(A)、(B)、(C)为单绕方式， (D)为复绕方式。 Fig.1- 2-2: Winding methods for lower-placed traction machine; (A), (B) and (C) are single winding, (D) is compound winding. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, -8890728, Fax: P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760 +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -21 of 45- 1-3-3-2 曳引比 Traction ratio 曳引比是指电梯在运行时曳引钢丝绳的线速度与轿厢升降速度之间的比值。曳 引比即为绕绳比。若曳引绳的速度等于轿厢的升降速度，我们就称曳引比为1? 1，即曳引绳从轿厢到对重，图1-2-1(A)的结构所示。若曳引绳的速度等于轿 厢升降速度的2倍，就称曳引比为2?1，如图1-2-1(B)的结构所示。当曳引 比为2?1(如图1-2-1(B)所示)、4?1(如图1-2-1(C)所示)时，轿厢顶和 对重上部都要安装动滑轮，每根曳引绳端头都固定在机房上梁上，这样轿厢的速 度分别为曳引绳速度的1/2和1/4，作用到曳引绳上的载荷分别为1/2和1/4, 因 而可减少绳直径或绳根数。 Traction ratio is defined as the ratio of lineal speed of traction rope to that of car running speed. Traction ratio is winding ratio. Given the speed of traction rope is equal to that of moving car, we call it 1:1 traction ratio, i.e. traction rope leads from car to counterweight, as shown in fig. 1-2-1 (A). Given the speed of traction rope is twice that of a moving car, we call it 2:1 traction ratio, as shown in fig. 1-2-1(B). If traction ratio is 2:1 or 4:1, as shown in 1-2-1 (B) and 1-2-1-1(C), a movable pulley is required to be installed on the top of car and counterweight; traction rope head must be attached to the top of the machine room, therefore, car speed will be 1/2 and 1/4 of that of traction rope, and load on traction rope will be 1/2 and 1/4, making a reduction in rope diameter and number. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -22 of 45- 1-3-4 电梯的曳引能力 Traction capacity 1-3-4-1 曳引系数 Traction coefficient 电梯曳引绳受力简图如图1-3所示。设 此时曳引绳在曳引轮上正处于将要打 滑，但还没有打滑的临界平衡状态。这 时曳引绳悬挂轿厢一端的拉力T1和悬 挂对重一端的拉力T2之间应满足什么 关系呢,根据著名的欧拉公式T1与T2 之间有如下关系(1-1式): Traction force exerted on the lift is shown as in fig.1- 3.The traction rope is in a balanced state, i.e. it is about to slip on the traction sheave. What’s the relation between pulling fore T1 on one side of the traction rope and T2 on the other side? In the following equation, we can see (formula1-1): 式中: where: f — 曳引绳在曳引轮绳槽中的当量摩擦系数; f — friction coefficient of traction rope in traction sheave groove α — 曳引绳与曳引轮相接触的一段圆弧所对应的圆心角，即曳引绳在曳引轮上 的包角; α— circular angle in correspondence with an arch overlapped by traction rope and sheave, i.e. angle of traction rope in traction sheave e — 自然常数 e=2.71828 e — nature constant e=2.71828 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话 : +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址: www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -23 of 45- 式中的efα 称为曳引系数,曳引系数是一个客观量,它与ƒ、α有关。 efα is referred to as traction coefficient, which is related to fand α. 限定了T1/T2的允许比值，efα大，则 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 明T1/T2的允许比值大和(T1-T2)的 允许值大，也就表明电梯的曳引能力大。 efα limits T1/T2, the larger efα is the larger T1/T2 is indicating larger traction capacity. 因此，一台电梯的曳引系数代表了该台电梯的曳引能力。曳引系数越大，电梯 的载货或载客能力就越大;反之如果曳引系数较小，则电梯的载货或载客能力就 越小。 Therefore, traction coefficient indicates traction capacity of lift. The larger the traction coefficient is, the larger capacity a lift has in terms of cargo or passenger load; while the smaller the traction coefficient is, the smaller capacity a lift has. 1-3-4-2 保证电梯正常工作的曳引条件 Requirement to ensure lift normal operation 根据分析和计算，电梯在下面两种工作状态下应保证曳引绳在曳引轮绳槽上不 出现打滑现象: Based on analysis and calculation, traction rope slip in the groove can be avoided when lift is in either conditions: 1-3-4-2-1空载电梯在最高停站处上升制动状态(或下降起动状态)。 Lift is decelerating before stopping at the top landing or starting up by accelerating from the top landing. 1-3-4-2-2装有120%额定载荷的电梯，在最低停站处下降制动状态(或上升起 动状态)。 For lift with 120% rated load, lift is decelerating towards bottom landing or accelerating from the bottom landing. 为了满足上述曳引条件，在设计曳引系数时应按以下公式进行: ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -24 of 45- To meet the above traction requirements, the traction coefficient should be computed according to the following formula: 式中: Where: T1/T2 — 在载有125%额定负载的轿厢位于最底层站及空载轿厢位于最高层站 的情况下， 曳引轮两边曳引绳中的较大静拉力与较小静拉力之比; T1/T2 –the ratio of larger static pulling force to smaller one of the traction rope when lift with 125% rated load is at the bottom landing or with empty load at the top landing. C1 — 与加速度、减速度有关的动力系数，C1 =(g+a)/ (g-a) ，g为自由落体 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 加速度，g= 9.8m/s2 。a为轿厢的制动减速度(或起动加速度)，单位为m/s2 。 the coefficient related to acceleration and deceleration, C1 = (g+a)/ (g-a), g is C1 – standard acceleration of falling object, g = 9.8m/s2. a is deceleration of car before stopping or acceleration of star-up car, measured in m/s2 . C1 的最小允许值如下: Minimum permissible C1 value is as follows: 电梯的额定速度 C1值 Lift rated speed C1 value v? 0.63m/s 1.10 0.63m/s,v? 1.00m/s 1.15 1.00m/s,v? 1.60m/s 1.20 1.60m/s,v? 2.50m/s 1.25 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 -760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -25 of 45- 当额定速度v超过2.5m/s时，C1值应按各种情况具体计算，但不得小于1.25， 见表1-1 When v exceeds 2.5m/s, C1 should be computed according to different circumstances, but must not less than 1.25. Details please see table 1-1. C2 — 与因磨损而发生的绳槽形状改变有关的系数，对于曳引轮绳槽为半圆形 和半圆形下部开切口的C2=1，对于曳引轮绳槽为V形的C2=1.2 。 C2 – the coefficient related to groove shape alteration; for semicircular groove or the one with cut, C2 = 1; for V groove, C1 = 1.2 表1-1 Table 1-1 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -26 of 45- ? 指紧急刹车时电梯的制动减速度 ? Deceleration when lift is jerking. 1-3-4-3 电梯的最大曳引能力 Maximum traction capacity 当曳引系数efα已经确定的情况下，应如何估算电梯的最大曳引能力: When traction coefficient efαis definite, the maximum traction capacity should be computed as follows: 设:G为空载轿厢自重，Q为额定载重量，G+0.5Q为对重重量，P为对应电梯 提升高度这一长度范围if the weight of counterweight is definite, given it is W, the maximum traction capacity 当电梯有补偿链或补偿绳装置时，P=0 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话 真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn : +86-760-8890728 传 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -27 of 45- When compensation chain or compensation rope is available in lift, P=0; 1-3-4-4 允许的轿厢最小自重 Permissible minimum weight of car 当空载轿厢位于最高停站处上升制动时， when car with empty load is decelerating towards the top landing, 当装有125%额定负载的电梯位于最低停站处下降制动时， with 125% rated load, when the lift is decelerating towards the bottom landing, 从式1-5、1-6中可以看出，轿厢自重G越小则越接近efα/C1C2，如果轿厢自 重小到一定程度则可能出现超过允许值efα/C1C2的情况。在这种情况下，曳引 绳就要在曳引轮绳槽上产生打滑现象，因此我们必须限制轿厢最小自重。 设:电梯曳引比为k， From formula 1-5 and 1-6, we can see that the smaller the weight of car ―G‖ is, the more it is approaching efα/C1C2. If the weight of car is small enough, it is possible to exceed efα/C1C2. Under such condition, slip of traction rope in traction rope groove will occur, so the minimum weight of car must be limited. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话 : +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -28 of 45- 电梯有补偿链或补偿绳装置时，式中P、k不存在。 If compensation chain or compensation rope device is available, P and k do not exist. efα (2)当时 if efα 电梯有补偿链或补偿绳装置时，式中P、k不存在。 If compensation chain or compensation rope device is available, P and K do not exist. 1-3-4-5 提高电梯曳引能力的方法 Methods to increase traction capacity 从式3-2中可以看出提高曳引能力的途径，从大的方面说有两条，一是提高曳 引系数efα，具体做法是增大摩擦系数f和增大包角α。二是降低比值T1/T2，具 体做法是适当增加轿厢自重，合理选择平衡链和平衡绳装置。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -29 of 45- From formula 3-3, we can see there are two methods to increase traction capacity, one is to increase efα，i.e. increase friction coefficient f and angle α; the other is to decrease T1/T2, i.e. appropriately increase car weight and adopt compensation chain and compensation rope device. 1-3-4-5-1 改变绳槽形状，增加摩擦系数 Change traction rope groove to increase friction coefficient 电梯是靠静摩擦力来传递动力的一种升降设备。摩擦力的大小，即摩擦系数的 大小直接影响电梯的曳引能力，因此正确选择曳引轮绳槽截面形状来提高电梯的 曳引能力尤为重要。在电梯上通常采用的曳引轮绳槽截面如图1-4所示。 Lift is a system which moves by means of static friction to pass dynamic. Friction magnitude, i.e. friction coefficient magnitude has a direct impact on traction capacity, so correct selection of traction sheave groove cross section plays a vital role in increasing traction capacity. Traction rope groove cross section is usually adopted as shown in fig.1- 4. 由于曳引轮同钢丝绳的直径比受到限制，为了产生驱动力，交流电梯的曳引轮 一般采用V型槽。减少V型槽的角度，会使驱动力增加，但同时钢丝绳的磨损 增加，槽形也发生变化，影响驱动力以致发生钢丝绳打滑现象。 Since the ratio of diameter of traction sheave to that of traction rope is limited, to produce drive, V-groove is usually adopted for traction sheave of AC lift. Reduction of the angle of V-groove will ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公 司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 -8890612 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -30 of 45- increase drive, meanwhile, wear of traction rope is also caused, groove shape is altered, so that drive is affected, resulting in slip of traction rope. 半圆形槽较之V型槽据有较大的接触面，所以曳引绳与绳槽间所受的接触应力 也较之V型槽小的多。从钢丝绳和绳槽间的磨损方面看，半圆形槽比V形槽要 小，但半圆形槽的摩擦系数却比V形槽小的多。所以半圆形槽一般多应用于复 绕结构中的曳引轮上和一般电梯的抗绳、轿顶轮、对重轮上。 Compared with V-groove, semicircular groove has larger contact area, so the contact force between traction rope and traction sheave groove is larger than that of V-groove. Wear between traction rope and groove of semicircular groove is smaller than that of V groove, however, the friction coefficient of semicircular groove is much smaller than that of V groove. Therefore, semicircular groove is generally used in traction sheave with compound winding, counterweight rope, car top sheave and counterweight sheave. 半圆形带切口槽，介于上述两种槽形之间，即可以增大摩擦系数，提高曳引能 力，也可以使磨损降低，长期使用，摩擦力基本不发生变化。现在半圆形带切口 槽已广泛用于电梯上。 Semi groove with cut is between semicircular groove and V groove. It can increase friction coefficient and traction capacity, as well as reducing wear to prolong life since friction is presumably instant. Currently, semicircular groove with cut has been widely used in lifts. 1-3-4-5-2 增大包角 Increase angle 增大包角也可以提高电梯的曳引能力。 一是可以通过改变单绕式提升机构中的相关尺寸可以达到增大包角的目的。 二是采用复绕形式，这是增大包角最为显著的办法。 To improve traction capacity, we can increase angle by the either method: Method 1: change relative dimensions in the single winding system to increase angle. Method 2: adopt compound winding to remarkably increase angle. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -31 of 45- 1-3-4-5-3 增加轿厢自重 Increase car weight 通过增加轿厢自重提高电梯曳引能力的实质是降低了T1/T2的比值。轿厢重量 的增加会造成材料上的浪费和价格的提高，因此在决定通过增加轿厢重量的办法 来提高曳引能力时一定要慎重。 Increasing car weight to improve traction capacity is in essence decreasing the ratio of T1/T2. Increasing car weight will aggravate material waste and cost, therefore, we should think twice before adopting such method. 1-3-4-5-4 合理地选择补偿链或补偿绳装置 Reasonably select compensation chain or compensation rope device 对于提升高度较大的电梯，曳引钢丝绳的重量不容忽视。如一台电梯的提升高 度为60m，用7根φ16mm钢丝绳，曳引比为1?1。已知φ16mm的钢丝绳每米 长0.9kg,则60m长度的7根φ16mm钢丝绳重量等于378kg。 如果在电梯设计上能够把这部分重量平衡掉，则电梯的曳引能力就增加378kg。 设置补偿链或补偿绳装置，就是为了使电梯无论在什么为止，曳引钢丝绳自身的 重量都不要对曳引能力产生影响，其实质也就是降低了T1/T2的比值。当然设置 补偿链或补偿绳也有其减少电动机功率的作用。电梯补偿链的位置见图1-5。 For lifts with long lifting travel, traction rope weight can not be ignored. For instance, hoisting travel is 60m for a lift, seven φ16mm traction ropes are used, traction ratio is 1:1. Given weight / meter of φ16mm traction rope is 0.9kg, the total weight of traction ropes is equal to 378kg. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -32 of 45- To offset 378kg by means of lift design, traction capacity should be increased by378kg. Compensation chain or compensation rope device is used to avoid the influence of traction rope weight on traction capacity; in other word, the ratio of T1/T2 will decrease. Besides, motor Hp will decrease too. Position of compensation chain is as shown in fig. 1-5. 补偿链每米长度重量参照式3-9选取，允许重量偏差?12.5%。 Weight/meter of compensation chain is referred to 3-9; weight deviation of ?12.5% is allowed. 式中: Where: G — 需要的每米长度补偿链条的总重量; G – Total weight per meter of compensation chain needed G1 — 各根曳引钢丝绳每米长度重量之和，GZM=钢丝绳根数×每根钢丝绳每米 长度重量; ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话 : +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -33 of 45- G1- Total weight per meter of compensation chains, GZM = rope number × weight per meter of compensation rope i — 曳引比 i — Traction ratio 曳引比2?1时, i = 2; If traction ratio is 2:1, i = 2; 曳引比1?1时, i = 1; If traction ratio is 1:1, i = 1; G2 — 随行电缆每米长度重量，当G2不清楚时，按G2/4=0.3计算。 G2 = weight per meter of traveling cable, If G2 is indefinite, G2/4 = 0.3 is preferably adopted. 电梯平衡绳的位置见图1-6。 The position of offsetting rope is shown as in fig.1- 6. 电梯补偿绳上机房时每米长度重量按式1-10选取，下机房时每米长度重量按 式1-11选取。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp Elevator ThyssenKrupp Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -34 of 45- For upper machine room, weight per meter of compensation rope is computed according to 1-10; while for lower machine room, weight per meter of compensation rope is computed according to 1-11. 当G’=G’1时， If G’=G’1， 当G?G’1时， If G?G’1 , 式中: Where 需要的补偿绳的根数; n1 — n1 — Compensation rope number; G’ — 每根补偿绳每米长度重量; G’ — Weight / meter per compensation rope G’1— 每根曳引钢丝绳每米长度重量; G’1— Weight / meter per traction rope n — 曳引钢丝绳根数 n — Traction rope number i — 曳引比 i —Traction ratio ?1时, i = 2; 曳引比2 if traction ratio is 2?1, i = 2; ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话 : +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -35 of 45- 曳引比1?1时, i = 1; if traction ratio is 1?1, i = 1; 为了防止补偿绳在电梯运行过程中的漂移，在电梯井 道底坑中需设置张紧装置，如图1-7。 对于速度v,3.15m/s的电梯，补偿绳张紧装置中需配 置防跳装置。 A tension device is required to be installed in the pit, so as to prevent compensation rope from drifting during the moving lift, as shown in fig. 1-7. For v,3.15m/s lift, compensation rope tension device should be equipped with an anti-jumping device. 1-4 电梯的主要参数及规格尺寸 Main parameters and specifications of lift 电梯的主要参数及规格尺寸是电梯制造厂设计和制造电梯的依据。用户选择电 梯时，必须根据电梯的安装使用地点、载运对象等，按标准的规定，正确选择电 梯的类别和有关参数，并跟据这些参数与规格尺寸，设计和建造安装电梯的建筑 物，否则会影响建筑物的使用。 电梯的主要参数如下: For lift manufacturers, main parameters and specifications are their criteria for designing and making. For end-users, it is required to select correct lift type and relative parameters as designing and constructing buildings based on installation site and applications, to ensure safe and efficient operation. Main parameters of lift are as follows: 1-4-1 额定载重量(Kg) 制造和设计规定电梯的额定载重量。 Rated load (kg): rated load when designing and making lift. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 -760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -36 of 45- 1-4-2 轿厢尺寸(mm)宽×深×高。 Car dimensions (mm): Width× Depth× Height 1-4-3 轿厢形式 有单或双面开门及其他特殊要求等，以及对轿顶、轿底、轿 壁的处理，颜色的选择，对电风扇、电话的要求等。 Car type: specific requirement for one-panel, two-panel door or other door; car ceiling, car bottom and car wall, color, fan and telephone. 1-4-4 轿门形式 有栅栏门、封闭式中分门、偏开门、双折中分门等。 Car door type: grid door, enclosed center opening door, partial opening door, two-panel center opening door. 1-4-5 开门宽度(mm)轿厢门和层门完全开启时的净宽度。 Opening width (mm): Net width when car door and landing door are fully open. 1-4-6 开门方向 人站在轿厢外面对轿厢门，向左方向开启的为左开门，向右方 向开启的为右开门，两扇门分别向左右两边开启的为中开门，也称中分门。 Opening direction: For a passenger standing in the landing opposite the car door, the door that opens from right to left is called left-opening door; from left to right, right-opening door; the door with each of the two panels opening towards opposite directions, is called center-opening door. 1-4-7 曳引方式 常用的有半绕1?1绕 绳比，轿厢的运行速度等于钢丝绳的运行速度。半绕2?1绕绳方比，轿厢的运 行速度等于钢丝绳运行速度的一半。全绕1?1绕绳比，轿厢的运行速度等于钢 丝绳的运行速度等。 Traction type is as below: Half winding with suspension ratio of 1:1: car running speed is equal to rope running speed. Half winding with suspension ratio of 2:1: car running speed is half of rope running speed. Fully winding with suspension ratio is 1:1: car running speed is equal to rope running speed. 1-4-8 额定速度(m/s) 制造和设计所规定的电梯运行速度。 Rated speed (m/s): Stipulated speed when designing and making lift. 1-4-9 曳引机规格 包括曳引机位置(上机房、下机房、无机房)、曳引机方向 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 -8890612 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -37 of 45- (左置、右置)、槽型、导向轮直径(mm)、绳轮直径(mm)、制动器类型等。 Traction machine specifications: including traction machine position (upper machine room, lower machine room, machineless room), traction machine direction (left-placed, right-placed), groove type, deflector sheave diameter (mm), traction sheave diameter (mm) and brake type. 1-4-10 电动机规格 包括电动机功率(kw)、转速(r/min)、启动频率(次/小 时) 电压(v)、频率(Hz)、额定电流(A)等。 Motor specifications: including motor Hp (kw), rotation speed(r/min), start-up frequency (times/h), voltage (v), frequency (Hz), rated current (A). 1-4-11 曳引绳配置 直径×根数 Traction rope configuration: diameter × pieces 1-4-12电气控制系统 包括控制方式、拖动系统的形式等。 Electrical control system: including control mode, pulling system mode. 1-4-13平衡系数 用百分比表示。 Offset coefficient: indicated by percentage. 1-4-14 停站数 建筑物 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 -760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -38 of 45- 1-4-17 底坑深度(mm)由底层端站楼面至井道底面之间的垂直距离。电梯的 运行速度越快，要求底坑越深。 Pit depth (mm) is the vertical distance between bottom landing surface to well bottom surface. The faster the lift is running, the deeper pit is required. 1-4-18 井道高度(mm)由井道底面至机房楼板或隔音层楼板下最突出构件之 间的垂直距离。 Well height (mm): Vertical distance between well surface and machine room floor vane or the most protruding profile of the sound-absorbing vanes. 1-4-19 井道尺寸(mm) 宽×深 Well dimensions (mm) Width × Depth 1-4-20 导轨规格 Guide rail specifications 1-5电梯主要部件的安装位置 Mounting position of main parts of lift 不同规格型号的电梯，其部件组成情况也不相同。这里只介绍一些基本情况。 图1-8为有机房整机示意图,从图中可以看出一部完整的电梯部件组成的大致情 况。 Lift configuration is determined by lift of different specifications. In figure 1-8 is shown machine room, containing whole components. 1-5-1 电梯机房里的主要部件 Main components in machine room 1-5-1-1 曳引机 曳引机是电梯的驱动装置，曳引机包括: Traction machine: it is a drive device for lift, including: ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -39 of 45- 1-5-1-1-1 驱动电动机 交流梯为交流电动机，直流梯为直流电动机; 1-5-1-1 drive motor: AC motor is used in AC lift; while DC motor is used for DC lift. 1-5-1-1-2 制动器 在电梯上通常采用双瓦块常闭式电磁制动器。电梯停止或电 源断电情况下抱闸制动，以保证电梯不动。 Brake: Usually used is double-block normally closed magnetic brake in lift. In case of lift stop or power failure, brake will activate to leave lift stationary. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 -760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -40 of 45- 1-5-1-1-3 减速箱 大多选用涡轮蜗杆减速箱，也有行星齿轮、斜齿轮减速箱。 无齿轮电梯不需减速箱。 Geared machine: usually adopted is worm geared machine, besides, star gear and bevel geared machine are also available. Gearless lift does not need any geared machine. 1-5-1-1-4 曳引轮 曳引机上的绳轮称为曳引轮。 两边借助曳引钢丝绳分别悬挂轿厢和对重，并依靠曳引钢丝绳与曳引轮绳槽间 的静摩擦力来实现电梯轿厢的升降。 Traction sheave: Sheave on traction machine is called traction sheave, on both sides of which are suspended car and counterweight by means of traction rope. Car is moved upwards or downwards by means of static friction between traction rope and rope groove. 1-5-1-2 导向轮或复绕轮 导向轮又称抗绳轮 Deflector sheave or secondary sheave: Deflector sheave is also called beam Pulley. 因电梯轿厢的尺寸一般都比较大，轿厢悬挂中心和对重悬挂中心间的距离往往 大于设计上所允许的曳引轮直径，因此通常要设置导向轮，以保证两股向下的曳 引钢丝绳之间的距离等于或接近轿厢悬挂中心和对重悬挂中心间的距离。对复绕 的无齿轮电梯而言，改变复绕轮的位置同样可以达到上述目的。 Since car is comparatively large in dimensions; the distance between suspension center of car and that of counterweight is generally longer than the diameter of traction sheave, deflector sheave is usually used for lifts to ensure the distance between two ropes downwards to be equal or almost equal to the distance between suspension center of car and that of counterweight, distancing car and counterweight. For gearless lift with compound wounding, changing the position of secondary sheave can also achieve the same effect. 1-5-1-3 限速器 当轿厢运行速度达到限定值时，能发出电信号并产生机械动 作的安全装置。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 -8890612 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -41 of 45- Overspeed governor: It is a safety device to give off electrical signal to mechanically operate when car speed reaches limit value. 1-5-1-4 控制柜 各种电子元器件和电气元件安装在一个柜形结构轿厢是电梯 的主要部件，使容纳乘客或货物的装置。 Car is a main part of lift and used to accommodate passenger and cargo. 1-5-2-2 导轨 供轿厢和对重在升降运行中起导向作用的组件。 Guide rail: It is used as guiding part when car and counterweight are moving upwards and downwards. 1-5-2-3 对重装置 设置在井道中，由曳引钢丝绳经曳引轮与轿厢相连，在运行 过程中起平衡作用的装置。 Counterweight device: Placed in well and connected with car by traction rope, it is used to offset during lift movement. 1-5-2-4 缓冲器 当轿厢超过下极限位置时，用来吸收轿厢或对重所产生动能的 制停安全装置。缓冲器一般设置在井道底坑里。缓冲器又分为油压缓冲器和弹簧 缓冲ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 -760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -42 of 45- 器。油压缓冲器以油为介质吸收动能，一般用于速度1m/s以上的电梯;弹簧 缓冲器以弹簧形变来吸收动能，一般用于速度1m/s以下的电梯。 Buffer: It is used to absorb force produced by car and counterweight when car runs beyond bottom limit position. Normally placed in pit, buffer is classified into oil-buffer and spring-buffer. Absorbing force by oil as media, oil-buffer is used for lift with speed of more than 1m/s; absorbing force by spring deformation, spring-buffer is used for lift with speed of less than 1m/s. 1-5-2-5 限位开关 该装置装在井道上端站和下端站附近，当轿厢运行超过端 站时， 用于切断控制电源的安全装置。 Limit switch is mounted near top and bottom terminal landings in well. As a safety device, it is used to cut off power when car runs beyond terminal landing. 1-5-2-6 接线盒 固定在井道壁上，包括井道中间接线盒及各层站接线盒。 Terminal box: Fixed on well wall, it includes middle terminal box in well and those in each landing. 1-5-2-7 随动电缆 电缆两端分别接井道中间接线盒和轿厢。 Traveling cables: Each side of them is connected with middle terminal box in well and car. 1-5-2-8 补偿链或补偿绳 用于补偿电梯在升降过程中由于曳引钢丝绳在曳引 轮两边的重量变化。 Compensation chain or compensation rope is used to offset weight changes on both sides of traction sheave resulting from traction rope during lift moving upwards or downwards. 1-5-2-9 磁条或桥板 在井道装在轿厢 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 -760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -43 of 45- Control panel: Mounted inside car and near car door, it is used to control car running direction. 1-5-3-2 轿In case of approaching a passenger or an obstruction when door is closing, it will cause the door to stop and reopen. 1-5-3-5 轿门 设置在轿厢入口处的门。 Car door is mounted in the entrance to car. 1-5-3-6 称重装置 能检测轿厢 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -44 of 45- Inductor or sensor, working together with magnet or sensor vane in well, sends leveling signal or speed-shift signal. 1-5-3-10其它部件 轿顶安全窗、光电保护、超载装置、邻梯指示等。 Other parts include car top safety window, safety ray, leveling switch, speed-shift switch, overload device and near lift indication. 1-5-4 电梯层门口的主要部件 Main parts of entrance to landing door 1-5-4-1 层门(厅门) 设置在层站入口的封闭门。 Landing door: Mounted in entrance of landing, it is an enclosed door. 1-5-4-2 层门门锁 设置在层门 设置在层站层门的上方或一侧，用于显示轿厢 的运行位置和运行方向等。 Floor indicator is mounted above the landing door or on one side, to display car running position and direction. 1-5-4-4 呼梯盒 设置在层门一侧，当乘客按下召唤按钮时，轿厢When passengers press the button, the landing call command can be shown or registered inside car, enabling lift to dwell on the landing from which landing call comes. 1-5-5 装在其他处的部件 Parts mounted in other areas 对于群控电梯，在消防中心或大厅值班室需设置梯群监控屏，集中反映各轿厢 的运行状态，供管理人员监视和控制。 ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760-8890612 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn A company of ThyssenKrupp ThyssenKrupp Elevator Elevator 蒂森克虏伯电梯 -45 of 45- For group control lifts, a watchdog should be mounted in fireman service center or lobby office, to indicate running status of cars and facilitate attendants to monitor and control. ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co. Ltd. 蒂森电梯有限公司 Chengnan 5 Road, South District, Zhongshan 528455, Guangdong Province, P.R.China 广东省中山市南区城南五路，邮编528455 -8890612 Tel: +86-760-8890728, Fax: +86-760 电话: +86-760-8890728 传真: +86-760-8890612 Internet: www.thyssen.com.cn 网址:www.thyssen.com.cn