新视野英语教程第四册电子教案（高职高专）

新视野英语教程第四册电子 教案 中职数学基础模块教案 下载北师大版¥1.2次方程的根与系数的关系的教案关于坚持的教案初中数学教案下载电子教案下载 （高职高专） New Horizon English Course Text A Room for the Future Two hour To grasp the meaning of this passage To master the useful language points and the phrases and expressions the meaning of this passage the useful language points and the phrases and expressions Room for the Future Leading In 1. What types of jobs do your father and your mother do? 2. Besides book knowledge, what do you think is the most import practical knowledge for your future career? Useful phrases and expressions 1. result in 2. make all the difference 3. hold back 4. by nature 5. rat race 6. on one’s terms 7. you bet 8. make room for Room for the Future possibility or scope for one's future development Having worked for a big bank for twenty-two years, I lost my job, together with more than one hundred of my colleagues because the bank wanted to reduce the number of its employees. I had always thought my future was safe, but it seemed unsafe now. Please notice "secure" and "insecure" are a pair of antonyms (反义词). adj. a situation that is secure is one that you can depend on because it is not likely to change 稳固的；可靠的；稳定的 Estate in this city is a investment. 在这座城市，地产是可靠的投资。 adj. not giving one a feeling of safety; likely to be lost 令 人无安全感的；无保障的 an job 无保障的工作 Running a small business is a very occupation. 做小买卖是一个没有什么保障的职业。 I was neither divorced with children to raise alone, nor relied only on my income; but just like my former bank colleagues, I would be dismissed at any moment. need the help or support of someone or something else 依靠；依赖 Health largely good food, fresh air and enough sleep. 健康很大程度上靠的是营养的食品，新鲜的空气和充足的睡眠。 The success of the sports meet whether it rains or not. 运动会能否成功取决于当天是否下雨。 I have always believed in this saying "change is good, change is progress", but when it affected my life, I had to change it into "accept change and get the best advantage from it". get the best advantage from 最大限度利用 We ought to this chance and make a fortune. 我们应该好好利用这次机会发笔大财。 your free time and have a good rest. 充分利用空余时间好好休息。 After I got dismissed, at first I tried to regard this incident not as bad luck, but as a good chance; I didn't become sad or angry, but rather, I expected to do something new and different. decide or prefer to do something 决定做；愿意做 We ignore her rudeness. 我们决定不理会她的无礼。 He learn German rather than French at school. 他上学时选择学习德语而非法语。 regard...as... 把„„当作；把„„看成 Don't me an expert. 别把我当作专家。 We always him our model. 我们总是把他看成我们的典范。 Please notice the "anticipate + doing" structure in this sentence. For example: We a certain amount of disagreement to our plan. 我们预料到我们的 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 会遭到一些人的反对。 We two weeks here. 我们预料到将在这儿呆两个星期。 My optimism (乐观) changed my view of my future and increased my confidence. Please notice the subject of this sentence is the gerund phrase "having a positive attitude"; and the sentence "I perceived the future" is used to modify "the way". Although I didn't have a college degree, so far this had never affected my banking career. But now getting a college degree became a purpose in my life that I eagerly wanted to achieve. want to do something very much 渴望做某事 I'm see her again. 我迫切希望再次见到她。 You seem to be say something to me. 你好像很想对我说点什么。 I remember thinking that if I had known oral presentations were often required for one class in advance, I would have taken some other classes to earn the credits needed to get the diploma. Please notice the subjunctive mood (虚拟语气) used in this sentence. I was born a quiet person and afraid of speaking in public. Please notice the mixed use of the simple present tense and simple past tense in this sentence. The simple present tense is used to show that the author is naturally a reserved person. At this time, I came to know that no matter how many troubles life creates for us, we should always keep on studying and improving ourselves. Please notice the simple present tense is used after "realized" to show that what the author says in the subordinate clause is always the truth. The personal growth comes from inner drive, and needs only to be challenged in order to be achieved. It is completely possible for one to quit his former easy life to study new things. What I achieved by going back to school was not just getting a diploma, but something far more useful and meaningful. be (in the stated place, condition, etc.)in the end 结果为„„； 以„„结束 He head of the firm. 他最后成了公司的主管。 We didn't like it at first, but we cheering. 一开始我们并不喜欢它,可最后我们却为之欢呼。 Notice that "end up" can be directly followed by a "verb+ing" or a noun, just as the above examples show. When I get involved in social competition again, I will behave the way I think right, no longer regarding material success or personal glory as the most important thing; instead, I will focus on improving my inner self. Looking back on and reevaluating my past life provides possibility and space for my future personal growth. ：New Horizon English Course Liu wei Text B What’s Your Job Daddy Two To grasp the meaning of this passage To master the useful language points and the phrases and expressions the meaning of this passage the useful language points and the phrases and expressions At the present time, most fathers are office employees working on things that their children cannot understand at all. It is highly possible that a child can never understand the answers to the question "What kind of work do you do, Daddy?" the work of forming in the minds of the general public a favorable opinion of an organization 公共关系；公关工作 She's a officer in a big company. 她是一家大公司的公关人员。 Giving money to the local theatre will be good for our company's . 资助本地剧院有利于我们公司的公共关系。 Such explanations must seem totally meaningless to a child. Only the small number of people whose work is slightly connected with machine production can tell their children that they are making junk. The building is still full of those people who believe they are doing meaningful things. The people who work in this building will talk about paper most of their time, because paper makes almost everyone busy in this building. Some persons call and ask other persons to send the paper to them. Please notice the subjunctive mood used after "ask". The above sentence can also be written as: Some persons telephone other persons and ask that paper should be sent to them. How does a child understand all this? He may be angry and makes signs on paper with a red pen. Please notice the figurative use of "angry" in this sentence. It is a transferred epithet (修饰转移). A "mark" cannot be angry or happy. It is the person who makes the mark that is angry. So "angry" is transferred to modify the "mark". ...they had better discuss paper when they are having lunch. during在„„期间 hold a meeting dinner 边吃饭边开会 He was relaxing a glass of wine. 他一边喝酒一边休息。 Let us imagine such a scene: later the boy talks about the mysteries of his father's job with his friend, who asks him "What does your father do?" New Horizon English Course TextA; Hungry for Your Love Two hour To grasp the meaning of this passage To master the useful language points and the phrases and expressions the meaning of this passage the useful language points and the phrases and expressions Hungry for Your Love Leading In 3. What do you know about the Nazi concentration camps? 4. What did the nazi army do to the Jews? Useful phrases and expressions 1. be hungry for 2. tear from 3. lose one’s control 4. have…… in common 5. be ashamed of 6. cant/could bear 7. pull out Translating Text A Hungry for Your Love I Detailed Study of the TextA day by day; as time goes on 一天天地；日益地 The symptoms changed 症状一天天在发生变化。 The problem is getting worse 这个问题变得一天比一天糟。 (of something) changing very quickly and very often （变化）快速不断地；每小时都有地 The weather conditions in these mountains change 山间的天气情况时时在变。 The girl, who is a stranger, looks at me like this, which shames me in a strange way. But I cannot move my eyes away from hers; I just cannot stop looking at her. adv. in a strange or peculiar manner 奇怪地；古怪地 Mary looked at Tom very 玛丽怪模怪样地看着汤姆。 enough, they were writing on the same subject. 说也奇怪，他们在写同一个主题。 feel shame, about something or somebody because of one's own action 感到羞耻；感到惭愧 You should be of yourself telling such lies. 你该为说这些谎话感到羞耻。 She was her husband's behavior. 她为丈夫的行为感到羞耻。 Before I lose control of myself, I turn and run away from the fence. have no control over oneself 不能控制自己 I didn't know what would happen if he . 我不知道如果他完全失去了控制将会发生什么。 Other phrases of "control" : 失去控制 The plane went and crashed. 飞机失去控制坠毁。 被控制住 The fire was soon brought 火势很快得到控制。 repeatedly 反复地；再三地 The little girl asked her mother to tell the story . 小女孩让妈妈一遍又一遍地给她讲那个故事。 She has read his letter to her . 她反复读他写给她的来信。 Notice all the following expressions mean “反复地；一遍又一遍地”: But I still remember this girl, and the memory of her gives me the power of mind to start a new life when I move to America. n. [C;U] the power of the mind to make decisions and act in accordance with them, sometimes in spite of difficulty or opposition 意志力；决心 He has a very strong . 他有很强的意志力。 You must have an iron to have given up smoking after all these years. 这么多年的抽烟积习都能戒掉，你的意志力一定很强。 vt. persuade; make someone completely certain about something 使信服；使确信 I finally them of my innocence. 我最终使他们相信我是清白的。 She failed to them that her proposal would work. 她没能使他们相信她的建议是可行的。 an arranged meeting between a man and a woman who have not met each other before （由第三者安排的）男女双方的初次见面 But she is a nice woman named Roma. And we are both immigrants. If we are different in all other aspects, we are the same at least in this regard. n. [C] someone coming into a country from abroad to make their home there （自外国移入的）移民 illegal from neighboring countries 来自周边国家的非法移民 Notice the following two words: n. [C] someone who leaves one's own country in order to go and live in another country 移居国外的人 n. [C] a person or animal or especially bird that migrates or is migrating 移民；候鸟 Translating 1. Your daughter is hungry for your love. Why are you so cold to her? 2. Alther we have little in common, you are still my best friend. 3. She lost all her control and burst into tears. 4. I did not understand what on earth made him sink into despair. ：New Horizon English Course Zhu Cuiping Text B A Trucker’s Last Letter Two To grasp the meaning of this passage To master the useful language points and the phrases and expressions the meaning of this passage the useful language points and the phrases and expressions Text B A Truckers Last Letter Leading In Useful phrases and expressions 1. see sb through sth 2. count on 3. let sb. Down 4. be wrapped up in sth 5. pease of mind 6. pull into 7. stick with sb Using the right word I Detailed Study of the TextB Perhaps he lived for several hours before the cold killed him. kill someone 杀死 The disease her in the end. 她最终死于疾病。 You used to make fun of me, saying that I loved the truck more than you because I spent more time with the truck. v. say something that is not true, especially as a joke （尤指作 为玩笑）戏弄；取笑 Don't get mad, I was only . 别生气，我刚才不过是开个玩笑。 You won $5,000? You are . 你赢了5,000美元？骗人！ During those hard times and at those hard places, the truck has always been with me, giving me support and satisfying my needs. give help or support to somebody during a difficut time 帮助度过难关；支持某人 Her courage her the hard times. 她的勇气助她度过难关。 The coat should her the winter. 有那件大衣，她应该能过冬了。 Remember all those days when I was saving money for buying this truck? save money for future use; not spend 存钱；储蓄 for a new car 攒钱买一辆新车 I paid all my attention to my own problems, and I did not think much of your problems. spend so much time doing something or thinking about it that one doesn't notice anything else 注意力完全集中于 We completely this work. 我们把全部精力都用在这件工作上。 He so his own thought that he didn't realize how late it was. 他陷入沉思，没意识到天色已经很晚了。 I'm thinking about the anniversary celebrations and birthday parties that I failed to be present at. vt. fail to be present at; arrive too late for something 未出席； 未赶上 The boy classes this morning. 这男孩今天上午没来上课。 We the train by 10 minutes. 我们因10分钟之差没赶上火车。 finally do something after dealing with other matters; find the necessary time to do something 终于能做（某事）；找出时间做（某事） I finally talking to her for half an hour. 我终于抽出时间和她谈了半小时。 I've never calling her in the past week. 在过去一周中我没找出时间给她打电话。 8 Knowing that you were at home with the children, waiting for me, I felt calm in my heart. Now I am thinking of that kind of calmness and freedom from troubling thoughts I had enjoyed. Using the right words 1. If you polish the essay, we will publish it in the magazine 2. Shoppers hurry along the pavement at the weekend. 3. The company faces tough competition. 4. She made a lot of sacrifices to make sure he succeeded in his job. 5. She’s so wrapped up in herself that she scarcely calls me. 6. Our neighbor said she would complain to the police if we made any more noise. 7. These changes concern everyone who has children of school age. th anniversary of the poet’s death 8. Today is the 50 课程名称：大学英语 授课人： Unit 3-A Writing Job 2 课题 课时 Application Letters Understanding How toWrite Job Application Letters 教学目的 与要求 Language points and practice speaking 教学重点 To analyze how toWrite Job Application Letters 与难点 主 要 内 容 及 步 骤 I. class arrangement 教 II. learn the new task III. Disscussion 学 IV. Exercises V. Sum-up 过 VI. Homework 程 授课效果 Students could behave actively. 分析总结 Writing Job Application Letters 一. New words and expressions application n. 1. [C; U] 申请； 申请书 入党申请书下载入党申请书 下载入党申请书范文下载下载入党申请书民事再审申请书免费下载 2. [C; U] 应用；用途 reflection n. [C] 反映；表现 preferencen. [C; U] 偏爱；偏好 reference n. 1. [C]（书籍或地图中的）参照号 2. [C; U] 参考；查阅 ensure vt. 确保；保证 remedy vt. 补救；纠正 introductoryadj. 介绍的；引导的 salutation n. [C]（书信、演讲等开头的）称呼语 statementn. [C] 陈述；声明 illustratevt. 说明；阐明；表明 summarizevt. (summarise BrE)总结；概括；概述 selectiveadj. （做事、购物等）认真选择的 highlightvt. 使……突出；使注意力集中于…… uniqueadj. 唯一的；独一无二的 specification n. 1. [C] 具体说明；要求 2. [C] (also plural) 规格；规格说明 target n. [C]目标；指标 sincerely adv. 1. 谨启；敬启 2. 真诚地；真挚地；由衷地 principle n. [C] 原则；原理 signature n. [C] 签字；签名 flow vi. （语言或文字）流畅 no more than 至多；不超过；仅仅 cold call （为推销商品无事先接触而给潜在主顾）冷不防地打电话 go ahead 开始；继续；进行 to this/that effect 有这样/那样的意思或内容 wrap up 完成；结束 read over 从头至尾细读；通读 in turn 因此；因而；转而 Language points 1. An application letter should be brief, no more than one page in length. Meaning: An application letter should be short, at most one-page long. no more than: only; at most 至多; 不超过；仅仅 No more than 3,000 college graduates are allowed to go abroad every year. 每年至多允许3,000名大学毕业生出国。 He makes time every day to listen to his son play the piano —even if it is for no more than a few minutes. 他每天都抽出时间听儿子弹钢琴，即使有时只有几分钟。 2. Here is a formula that works extremely well for preparing job application letters. Meaning: Here is a most effective method of writing job application letters. formula: n. [C] a method or set of principles that you use to solve a problem or to make sure that something is successful 准则； 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 We are still searching for a peace formula. 我们仍在寻找和平方案。 There is no magic formula for passing exams —only hard work. 通过考试并无妙法，只有刻苦学习。 3. The style you choose is really a matter of personal preference, as there are many different styles to choose from. Meaning:Your choice of writing style is really something personal because there are so many styles for you to choose from. a matter of： ……的问题 I suppose it's all a matter of opinion. 我认为这完全是个见仁见智的问题。 It is simply a matter of time.这仅仅是时间问题。 choose from: pick out from a number of things 从……挑选 In the new bookstore, there are many English books to choose from. 新开张的书店里，有许多英语书供人们挑选。 4. ... and any position reference number. Here "position reference number" is the number by which the position is referred to in the advertisement. reference: n. 1) [C] a number that tells you where you can find the information you want in a book, on a map, etc. （书籍或地图中的）参照号 2) [C; U] the act of looking at something for information 参考；查阅 Reference books mustn't be taken out of this room. 参考书不能带到室外。 This list is only for your reference. 这张名单仅供你参考。 5. If you are "cold calling" a company, then you should make it clear that you are applying for any current or future employment opportunities. Meaning: If you make phone calls or pay visits to the company for a job without an appointment made in advance, you should make it clear that you still want to apply for a future job if there is no vacancy right now. cold call: telephone someone you have never met and try to sell something （为推销商品无事先接触而给潜在主顾）冷不防地打电话 The saleswoman cold called two hundred companies this week. 这位推销员本周对200家公司进行了电话推销。 The rules published yesterday prohibit cold calling for investment purposes. 昨天公布的规定禁止打电话推销投资生意。 Please notice that "cold call" is basically a noun phrase, meaning "an unexpected telephone call or visit by someone trying to sell something". Here it is used in a verb sense. 6. Please find enclosed my resume, which I am sending to you as an application for the position of... Meaning: I have put my resume inside, together with the letter, which I am sending you as a request for the job of... enclose: vt. 1) put something inside an envelope 把……装入信封；附入 Enclosed is an important leaflet highlighting local service telephone numbers for use during normal working hours. 随信附上一份重要的小册子，小册子中一目了然地 列出了供正常工作时间时使用的本地服务电话。 He enclosed a check for 500 dollars with the letter. 他随信寄了一张500美元的支票。 2) surround with a fence or wall so as to shut in 把……围起来 The little park was enclosed on all sides by tall apartment buildings. 小公园四周被高层公寓大楼围起来了。 The fence that enclosed the house was painted green. 房子四周的篱笆被漆成绿色。 7. It is important to be selective, highlighting things like what you specialize in, or how many years in the industry you might have.Meaning: It is important for you to choose the things you are going to write about, emphasizing things such as what you specialize in, or how many years in the industry you might have worked. specialize in: limit all or most of one's study, business, etc., to a particular activity or subject 专门研究；专攻 After he had worked as a doctor for some years, he decided to specialize in children's diseases.做了几年医生后，他决定专攻儿童疾病。 The shop specializes in selling antiques.这家商店专门经营古董。 8. ... then ensure you mention something to that effect. Meaning: ... then make sure you mention that you have the skills needed for the position, as stated in the job advertisement. to this/that effect: with this/that meaning or information 有这样/那样的意思或内容 She said she disliked Spanish, or something to that effect. 她说她不喜欢西班牙语，或诸如此类的话。 He told me to get out, or words to that effect. 他说了一句叫我走开之类的话。 9. Should you require further information... Please notice that this is an inverted sentence with "if" omitted. The complete sentence should be "If you should require further information...". Another example: Should we have a lot of money, we would buy a car. (=If we should have a lot of money, we would buy a car.) 如果我们有很多钱，就会买辆车。 "Were" and "had" could be used in the same way as "should". Examples: Were I in your place, I would accept the job. (= If I were in your place, I would accept the job.) 如果我是你，就会接受这个工作。 Had I seen you, I would have greeted you. (= If I had seen you, I would have greeted you.) 如果我看见你，会跟你打招呼的。 Exercise 1. We were _______ very by the poor response from the parents. A. excited B. depressed C. delighted D. encouraged 2. She showed great _______ when she heard the bad news A. courage B. delight C. interest D. comfort 3. They are making safety a top _______. A. comfort B. nature C. priority D. glory 4. Ellen used to be a shy, _______ girl, but now she is outgoing. A. reserved B. inner C. confident D. dependent 5. I tried to _______ Jean after her mother's death. A. persuade B. cry C. tell D. comfort 课程名称：大学英语 授课人： 课题 Unit 3-B How to Write 课时 2 a Resume 教学目的 Grasping the language points 与要求 教学重点与Language points and practice speakin g 难点 How to Write a Resume 主 要 内 容 及 步 骤 I. class arrangement II. learn the new task III. Talking about Resume IV. Exercises 教 V. Sum-up VI. Homework 学 过 程 授课效果分Students could behave actively. 析总结 How to Write a Resume New words and expressions Appropriate adj. 恰当的；合适的 Environment n. [C; U] 环境；周围情况 Establish vt. 订立；制定；确立 self-assessment n. [U] 自我评估；自我估价 prior adj. (to) 在……之前；先于 elaboratev. 详述；详尽说明 assistvt. 帮助；协助 overloadv. 使超载；使负担过重 format n. [C] 设计；安排；格式 chronologicaladj. 按时间顺序排列的 reverseadj. 相反的 consideration n. [C] 要考虑的事实（或因素） 2. [U] 考虑；斟酌 layout n. [C] 布局；设计；安排 organizationn. (organisation BrE) [C] 团体；组织；机构 initiativen. [U]主动性；首创精神 contributionn. [C] 贡献 innocentadj. 1. 无害的；没有恶意的 2. 清白无罪的；无辜的 solid adj. 出色的；扎实的 applicantn. [C] 申请人 take the initiative 采取主动；首先采取行动 above all 最重要的是 set about 开始做；着手做 put one's best foot forward 尽力留下好印象；尽最大努力 二．Language points 1. A resume is a business document that outlines your work experience, education, and skills on paper. Meaning: A resume is a business statement that gives the main points of your work experience, education and skills. on paper: written on paper; in writing 在纸上；以书面形式 It's only a suggestion on paper. 这仅仅是书面形式的建议。 Alan often missed meals and sleep in order to get his ideas down on paper. 阿伦为了记下自己的想法，常常不吃饭不睡觉。 2. An effective resume sells you; an ineffective one merely states facts about you. Meaning: An effective resume makes you impressive to the person who reads your resume，and an ineffective resume only mentions facts about you. sell: vt. make yourself impressive and acceptable 推荐；使被接受 Can you sell your employer your idea? 你能使你的老板接受你的想法吗？ If you want a promotion, you've got to sell yourself better. 如果你想获得提升，你得更好地推销自己。 3. A resume does not tell your life story. Rather, it should describe important background data and experiences, highlight your major strengths and accomplishments, and reflect your ability to lead others, solve problems effectively, and be creative on the job. Meaning: A resume does not tell your life story. Instead, it should describe important background information and experiences, stress your main advantages and achievements, and show your ability to lead other people, find solutions to problems and produce creative ideas at work. rather: adv. used for introducing a true statement after saying that another staternent is not true 恰恰相反 We have not lost the game. Rather, we have won. 我们没输。相反，我们赢了。 not... but rather...: used to say that someone does not do something but does something else instead 不是（做某事），而是（做另外的事） The committee does not deal with individual letters, but rather discuss issues in its newsletter. 该委员会不处理个人信件，而是在简报中讨论问题。 She was no better, but rather grew worse. 她的病情不但没有好转，反而恶化了。 4. One page written with quality and precision will impress readers without wasting their time on unnecessary details. Meaning: If this page is well written with precise information, it will make a good impression on the readers and won't waste their time reading information that is not needed. 5. If, on the other hand, you have more than ten years of experience, a two-page resume may be appropriate. Please notice that "on the other hand" is the second part of the structure "on the one hand... on the other hand...", which is used when comparing different or opposite facts or ideas. On the one hand I want to sell the house, but on the other hand I can't bear the thought of moving. 一方面我想把房子卖掉，而另一方面我又不愿搬家。 6. Thus, to be successful, your resume should reflect who you are, the business and environments you find attractive, and the career objectives you have established. Meaning: So, if you want your resume to be successful, it should truly show what kind of person you are, write what businesses and environments you find attractive, and what goals you have set for yourself. 7. Format: By far the most frequently used format is chronological. Meaning:The most often used format of a resume is one written in time order. 8. Stylistic considerations should be used to organize the layout of your resume. Meaning: You should consider or think about what style to use in organizing your resume. 9. However, it is wise not to use too many different styles, as this can make the resume look busy or unprofessional. Meaning: However, it is wise not to use too many different styles because it can make the resume appear too full of small details or not up to professional standards. 10. Above all, make sure you feel your resume truly reflects the best of who you are, personally and professionally. Meaning: Most important of all, you should make certain that you feel your resume really shows your best personal and professional qualities. 11. There is no room for modesty in your resume, just as there is no room for little white lies, innocent though they may seem. Meaning: There's no need for you to be modest in your resume, just as you mustn't tell minor lies, harmless though they may seem. 三．Exercise Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. What is one of the most important elements in a successful job search? A. Work experience. B. A resume C. Education. D. Skills. 2. A resume should not _________. A. tell your life story B. describe your background data and experience C. highlight your major strengths and accomplishments D. reflect your abilities To be successful, your resume should _________. A. tell the reader who you are B. reflect the businesses and environments you find attractive C. indicate the career objectives you have established D. do all of the above 4. When you are writing your resume, you should _________. A. focus on the length of it: one page is enough B. only list jobs you held before C. show how the company could help you D. elaborate on measurable accomplishments and achievements 5. Which of the following is NOT true? A. In the chronological resume, work experience is presented in normal time order. B. Be sure that the sentences are written in one tense in the resume. C. If you keep your sentence structure uniform, the resume will be easier for the reader. D. We should not use too many different styles, as this can make the resume appear busy or amateur. New Horizon English Course Text A When Lightning Struck Two hour To grasp the meaning of this passage To master the useful language points and the phrases and expressions the meaning of this passage the useful language points and the phrases and expressions Leading In 5. What type of disaster have you ever experienced in your life? 6. if you hear or read that people are suffering from disaster what act of kindness will you perform for them? Useful phrases and expressions 1. be about to do 2. make it 3. on board 4. lose height 5. put away Text A When Lightning Struck ? II Detailed Study of the I was in the toilet in the back of the plane, and suddenly I felt the plane was shaking with great force which threw me to the door. Notice that "when" here means "and then (suddenly)". More examples: We were having dinner someone knocked at the door. 我们正吃晚饭，突然有人敲门。 We were about to start off on the trip it began to rain. 我们正要起程，突然下起雨来。 I thought, "Oh, my God, the worst thing is about to happen!" Please notice that "this is it" is a colloquial expression which means either "the expected event is at hand" or "this is the difficulty". "I think our plane was struck by lightning,"... Please notice that "got hit" is an informal or colloquial form for "were/was hit". In this sense, "get" can be regarded as a passive auxiliary verb. One more example: He arrested (= was arrested) by the police last week. 他上周被警方逮捕。 Notice that this is an example of inversion. In normal order, the sentence is: A young businessman, who had been confidently working, sat in the next seat at the window. And I really felt worried when confident-looking businessmen look worried, for something really serious might happen. The young businessman put his portable computer back to its place (i.e. he stopped working on the computer). put something back in a place where it is normally kept 把东 西收拾起来 Come on, it's time to these toys . 来！该把这些玩具收起来了。 He came in when I was the files . 我收拾文件时，他进来了。 "Something must have gone wrong," said the businessman. Notice that this is an understatement, which is typical of a confident-looking businessman's speech. (Probably) "Engine number two has got hit by lightning and is not working. We'll make an emergency landing at New Orleans." This is broken English, which shows either that the passengers on board, through their intense fear, could only catch these several phrases from the pilot's speech, or that the loud-speaker system of the plane had been partially damaged by lightning and so it was not functioning well. When the pilot finished, a flight attendant spoke through the speaker, telling us what we should do in this emergency. She had explained these procedures to us before take-off. Of course I never paid attention to such procedures, for I always thought that if we ever needed to use life jackets during a flight, I would have already been frightened to death. ... but when I saw the girl sitting next to me looked scared, I regained control of myself. I stretched out my hand to touch her hand and made her less frightened by telling her that we were going to land safely. "When you get home, you're going to have an excellent, unusual experience to tell your family and friends about!" I said. The charming young lady across the aisle must have seen I was very frightened. She extended her hand toward me, trying to comfort me. I could hear small groups of people on board the plane talking together, calming or comforting each other. We talked about our lives, which now seemed hopeful to us, although they might be so difficult and complicated just as sometime before. My husband had been complaining that he was not able to see me very often because I went on many tours to promote the books I wrote. ... I felt that my eyes were nearly filled with tears when I was saying goodbye to my fellow passengers. Their lives had touched mine so deeply within the brief 20 minutes on board the flight. Please notice that the flight was "fateful" because it might have turned into a disastrous crash; it was "lucky" because it finally landed safely and all lives were rescued. ... I feel deeply touched as if I were hit by lightning again: what is most important is not that I should pay back kindness to those who have been kind to me, but that I should pass the kindness on to those around me. ：New Horizon English Course Zhang suqiu Text B The story of an Eyewitness Two To grasp the meaning of this passage To master the useful language points and the phrases and expressions the meaning of this passage the useful language points and the phrases and expressions Union Square, one of San Francisco's commerce and cultural centers, also refers to an actual park that recently became a primary focus for renovation and restoration. The square itself underwent a much needed $25 million facelift, transforming one of San Francisco's oldest patches of greenery into a wide open space for tourists and locals alike. Nob Hill in San Francisco is home to luxury hotels and the city's most expensive and most renowned restaurants. The shopping of Union Square is only a few blocks down from the high-ended intersection of California and Powell. And the bar scene in this area is worth noting. I Detailed Study of the Text B Things were in a mess, and it was impossible to make a phone call, or send a letter or fax. This very modern city was suddenly destroyed completely. completely destroyed 成为废墟 Buildings were during the war. 战争把建筑物变成一片废墟。 The garden used to belong to the royal family; now it's . 这花园以前属皇家所有；现在已成为废墟。 By Wednesday afternoon, half the city had been destroyed within twelve hours after the earthquake happened. Please notice "inside of" is an American English expression, which is the same as "inside" and means "within a particular period of time". ... I didn't see anyone who felt annoyed at the unexpected disaster. not... at all 一点也不 I was not annoyed at their being late ; I had a lot to do before they came. 我一点也不因为他们迟到而恼火；他们来之前我有很多事情要做。 —You must be disappointed at losing the chance. 失去这次机会，你肯定很失望吧。 —. There will be more chances. 一点也不。还会有更多的机会。 ... every building would be burned to ashes soon. Please notice here "the elements" refers to "the forces of nature", like "the earthquake". I urged a man to run away to a safe place. I was in possession of property worth thirty thousand dollars. I looked at the sorrowful man, thinking of the heavy loss he had suffered and would still suffer, sharing his sad feelings; ... Please notice that here the author expresses his wish that we would never see such painful things in life. New Horizon English Course Text A Are Books an Endangered Species? Two To grasp the meaning of this passage To master the useful language points and the phrases and expressions the meaning of this passage the useful language points and the phrases and expressions Are Books an Endangered Species? Leading In 1. Of the four Chinese classical novels, which have you already read? 2. What kind of books do you like? Useful phrases and expressions 9. come of age 10. hand down 11. close by 12. carry around 13. so far 14. sit through 15. time and again Are Books an Endangered Species? Leading In 1. Of the four Chinese classical novels, which have you already read? 2. What kind of books do you like? II Key Points: 1. It was just a small room that was dominated by a television set. Meaning: A television set occupied much of the space in this small room. 2. My generation, the generation that came of age in the 1950s and 1960s, may be the last to appreciate being surrounded by millions of words working together to create plots of every kind. Meaning: My generation reached the age of adult in the 1950s and 1960s. And we may be the last generation who like being surrounded by a large number of books telling all kinds of stories. 3. These days, in the 1970s, we are seeing a gradual, but unmistakable, movement away from such things. Meaning: These days, in the 1970s, there is a definite tendency, slow though it might be, that fewer and fewer people are buying and reading books. 4. The book —a precious symbol of the permanence of thought, the handing down of wisdom from one generation to the next —may be a new addition to our list of endangered species. Meaning: The book is regarded as a valuable symbol of keeping human ideas for ever and of passing on knowledge from one generation to the next. Now it may well be another thing that is going to disappear, just like many other species. 5. He says that he can certainly notice the changing of the tides just by looking at the things students are buying, and not buying, right now. Meaning: He says that he can surely notice the changing tendencies just by looking at what students are buying and not buying right now. 6. Recently, the head of the University of Illinois's branch campus in Chicago reinforced the reality of such a problem in saying that 10 percent of the freshmen at his university could read no better than the average student in elementary school. Meaning: Recently, the president of the Chicago branch of the University of Illinois emphasized the existence of such a problem. He said that the reading ability of 10 percent of the first-year students at his university was only equal to that of average students in elementary school. 7. As sad a statement as this is, there is something that will frighten you even more: of those same college freshmen, the chancellor reported that many had ranked in the top half of their high school classes! Meaning: While this concept might be a sad one, the president pointed out something even more shocking. That is, among the same freshmen at his university who were mentioned above, many were in the better half in their high school classes. 8. A first-rate work of fiction, for instance, if it has any luck at all, will sell perhaps 3, 000 copies in its first run. Meaning: A well-written first class novel, for example, if it is lucky, will sell perhaps 3,000 copies in its first printing. 9. To listen to a record, to sit through a movie, to watch cartoons, on television — these activities all require nothing of the cultural consumer, save his mere presence. Meaning: To listen to music, to watch movies, or to watch cartoons on television requires no intellectual efforts on the part of the audience; what these activities need is simply that you are present at such events. The "cultural consumer" refers to a person who pays for the music, movies and cartoons he/she finds entertaining. 10. Reading a book, though, requires that the consumer become an active participant. Meaning: Reading a book, however, demands that you read actively. thatclause after "require". Please notice the subjunctive mood used in the 在表示命令、决定、建议等词语（如insist, order, decide, suggest, demand, command, advise, instruct, request）之后的由“+that”引导的从句中，不 管主语是什么人称，动词一律用“原型”或“should+原型”。 More examples: He ordered that the books (should) be sent to his office at once. 他要求必须马上将这些书送到他的办公室。 Mary insisted that John (should) come. 玛丽坚持要约翰来。 I suggested that he (should) finish up that project quickly. 我建议他 尽快将项目做完。 11. If a young American reads at all, he is far more likely to purchase a book, give it a quick inspection, and then throw it away. Meaning: If a young American does read something, he will quite probably buy a book, read it through quickly and then put it aside. 12. Ultimately, in an age when everything seems to be disposable, the book one keeps and reads time and again is nothing more than a primitive item from the past with little or no place in a society that is always on the go. Meaning: Finally, in a time when everything can be thrown away after being used, the book a person keeps and reads repeatedly is just an outdated thing with little or no place in a society that is always busy and fast-paced. ：New Horizon English Course Wang Meiqin Text B Owning Books Two To grasp the meaning of this passage To master the useful language points and the phrases and expressions the meaning of this passage the useful language points and the phrases and expressions You must protect it from being damaged by any means and be careful to maintain it as it was. make sure that something is done 确保；一定做到 Please the room is locked before you leave. 你离开之前务必把房间锁好。 You must the job is done properly. 你要确保该工作妥当地完成。 You cannot put it anywhere randomly, make notes in it, fold its pages, or use it anyway you like; all in all, you are responsible for keeping the book in good condition. Then, one day, someone will ask you to return the book, and you will not own this book any longer. Compared with borrowing books, owning one's own books has many good points: you do not need to ask others to allow you to read them, and you can use the books in any way you like, as long as you feel good about it. A good reason to mark your favorite parts in books is that this will allow you to remember those important sentences and small details of a story more easily, to find them quickly, and when you read them again years later, it would be like visiting a forest where you once found a new path. You can enjoy yourself by reading the books again, which not only reminds you of the plots of stories, but also of whom you used to be when you first read the books. Everyone should begin collecting books when they are young; the basic human instinct of possessing personal property can be developed perfectly in this way with many good effects,but without resulting in any bad consequences. Everyone should have their own bookshelves, with no doors, glass windows, or keys; in this way with many good effects, they can not only see the books, but also use the books as freely as possible. Books may be the best decorations; they have more different colors and styles than any wallpaper you might buy; they are more attractive in design, and their biggest merit is that they can be treated as distinctive individuals, so that if you sit alone in a room with the lights on, they will be like close friends surrounding you. help to make something possible 造成；促成；有助于 The marking of favorite lines easier reading. 把喜欢的句子划出来有助于阅读。 Jogging better health. 慢跑有助于健康。 Knowing that they are easy to notice makes you not only excited, but also more lively. adj. clear; easy to see, hear, or understand 清楚的；明白的 It's quite that you haven't been paying attention. 你显然一直都没有好好听。 Explain it in English. 用简明的英语解释它。 in plain sight, easy to see or notice, especially when it should be hidden 就在眼前；容易发现的 Don't leave your valuables 请保管好您的贵重物品。 I spend most of my indoor time in a room that has six thousand books; and strangers always ask me the same question "Have you read all of these books? ", to which I always give the same answer. Some of them have been read many times. Please notice that it is an elliptical sentence. The complete form should be "Some of them have been read multiple times." Certainly, human beings make the best friends; my great fondness for reading has never isolated me from other people. People own the books, use the books, and enjoy the books. This sentence originates from Abraham Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address (葛底斯堡演说), delivered on November 19th, 1863, during the American Civil War, in which he mentioned "government of the people, by the people, for the people". We have no way to meet society's most interesting people who have died, and it is almost as difficult to meet those living interesting people. In these books you can certainly see the best sides of these people; they wrote for you and I; they showed themselves to a full extent; they tried every means possible to please us and to provide us with lots of knowledge. You are important to them, just as an audience is important to an actor. The only difference is that while reading you cannot see their faces but you can hear their inner thoughts, which cause an echo in your heart. Books are really worthy of reading just for this reason. The building is still full of those people who believe they are doing meaningful things. UNIT 6 Type New Subject Unit7 Singleness Is Not the Same as Not Settled Grasping the language points and understanding the different points of Teaching view mentioned in the text Aim Focal Pointslanguage points and practice speaking Teaching Difficult Pointsexpress their own opinions Focus Questioning learningsummarizingpracticing Teaching Method Recorder and small blackboard Teaching Tool Teacher’s Teaching process and contents Students’ activities activities organize the class 1. Greet each other Listen to the organize 2. show the teaching aims teacher’s the class learn some new language points story ? practice speaking carefully 3. introduce the new task Greet each other Answer the teacher’s Questions Tell students a story Learn the new task Step1:Ask students a question: Learn explain Why do some young people in China get married later than before? Step II. listen to the tape. Then find the answers to the questions: The Listen to the Do you think there is a connection teacher between single and not being introduction of the introduce settled? new task and the new answer the How do you feel about people’s task general attitude toward being teacher’s questions single? Step III. Read text with the questions Step IV .Language points: 1. chase aftertry to get Read the text content Play the someone ,especial for a sexual tape relationship eg.He’s always chasing after goodlooking women. 2. distort change something so that Play the it is no longer true or accurate listen to the text tape eg.(1)The newspapers distorted the again truth. (2)My original statement has been completely distorted by the The media.. students take down teacher 3. settle down:start living in a place the language explains with the intention of staying life. points the Eg. After much traneling ,he settled important down in a quiet seaside city. language 6. go out with sb:spend a lot of time points with someone and have a romantic relationship with them eg. Tom likes going out with young girls. practice speaking The According to the language points, read teacher and understand the passage. Some Listen to the teacher gives out students read and translate it. Then let carefully some students use their own words to questions describe the main idea of the passage. Exercises ()choose the best answer in the Ask some Exercise Book Answer the teacher’s Questions 1. It weighs as____as 20 elephants questions A. many B.much C.more . 2.My weight is______than hers Give A. less B. fewer C.much students () Word building five Adjective Noun Verb minutes active activity to activate to able ability to enable listen to the tape of prepare similar similarity to similarize the passage and the public publicity to publicize complete the dialogues summary of the passage sum-up 1.We should know something about cities. 2.useful expressions close to: near eg. There is a bus stop close to the school. . while: although eg.(1)While we don’t agree with Listen to the teacher Sum-up each other, we continue to be carefully and take the useful good friends. down the useful words (2) Some people waste food while words and expression and others haven’t enough. focus one’s attention on useful expressio-Note the word “focus”can also be n used a noun. eg.She always wants to be the focus of attention. scale down:decrease by a certain proportion The opposite of “scale down”is “scale up it is no accident that: eg. It is no accident that he has got full marks in the exam; he has always worked very hard. Leave a homework Accept the Leave a Ask students a question: Do you like city homework homewok life? write a passage about city life Unit 6 B Type New Subject Unit6 Saying Goodbye Is Never Easy Grasping the language points and understanding the different points of Teaching view mentioned in the text Aim Focal Pointslanguage points and practice speaking Teaching Difficult Pointsexpress their own opinions Focus Questioning learningsummarizingpracticing Teaching Method Recorder and small blackboard Teaching Tool Teacher’s Teaching process and contents Students’ activities activities organize the class 1. Greet each other Listen to the organize 2. show the teaching aims teacher’s the class learn some new language points story ? practice speaking carefully 3. introduce the new task Greet each other Answer the teacher’s Questions Tell students a story Learn the new task Step1:Ask students a question: Learn explain What are the advantages and disadvantages of living with their parents? Step II. listen to the tape. Then find the answers to the questions: The Listen to the Why did the author parents teacher leave their children ? introduction of the introduce new task and When the students get married, the new will they live with their parents? answer the task Step III. Read text with the questions teacher’s questions Step IV .Language points: 4. retirego away to a quiet or less central place eg.In the evenings, she retired to her Read the text content Play the study to work. tape 5. in search of:looking for eg.(1)She went abroad for study in search of a wider horizon of development. Play the (2)Igo to big cities in search of listen to the text tape more work opportunities.. again 6. leave sb or sth behind: eg He always leaves his keys behind. 4.part of me or him eg Part of me wants to leave ,but I The students take down teacher know he will be unhappy if I do. the language Part of him wants to marry her. explains points the 5. lane:a narrow road between important field ,houses,etc. language eg. We walked down a lane to the points farm. 6.unitythe state of being united ,joined, orin agreementtogether. eg The painting is famous for the unity color. practice speaking The According to the language points, read teacher and understand the passage. Some Listen to the teacher gives out students read and translate it. Then let carefully some students use their own words to questions describe the main idea of the passage. Exercises ()choose the best answer in the Ask some Exercise Book Answer the teacher’s Questions 1. All full time staff get a 20 questions percent____on goods up to 1,000 . Give dollars each year. students 2.They took______of the island by five force. listen to the tape of minutes 3. This seems a____ way of dealing the passage and to with the problem. complete the prepare summary of the the passage dialogues sum-up 1.Ask students the main idea of the text. 2.useful expressions clear away: remove something in order to make a place tidy.r eg. You sit down .I will clear away. . while: although eg.(1)While we don’t agree with Listen to the teacher Sum-up each other, we continue to be carefully and take the useful good friends. down the useful focus one’s attention on words words and expression and Note the word “focus”can also be useful used a noun. expressio-eg.She always wants to be the n focus of attention. scale down:decrease by a certain proportion The opposite of “scale down”is “scale up it is no accident that: eg. It is no accident that he has got full marks in the exam; he has always worked very hard. Leave a homework Accept the homework Leave a To write a sample instructions homewok Unit 7 A Type New Subject Unit7 Singleness Is Not the Same as Not Settled Grasping the language points and understanding the different points of Teaching view mentioned in the text Aim Focal Pointslanguage points and practice speaking Teaching Difficult Pointsexpress their own opinions Focus Questioning learningsummarizingpracticing Teaching Method Recorder and small blackboard Teaching Tool Teacher’s Teaching process and contents Students’ activities activities organize the class 1. Greet each other Listen to the organize 2. show the teaching aims teacher’s the class learn some new language points story ? practice speaking carefully 3. introduce the new task Greet each other Answer the teacher’s Questions Tell students a story Learn the new task Step1:Ask students a question: Learn explain Why do some young people in China get married later than before? Step II. listen to the tape. Then find the answers to the questions: The Listen to the Do you think there is a connection teacher between single and not being introduction of the introduce settled? new task and the new answer the How do you feel about people’s task general attitude toward being teacher’s questions single? Step III. Read text with the questions Step IV .Language points: 7. chase aftertry to get Read the text content Play the someone ,especial for a sexual tape relationship eg.He’s always chasing after goodlooking women. 8. distort change something so that Play the it is no longer true or accurate listen to the text tape eg.(1)The newspapers distorted the again truth. (2)My original statement has been completely distorted by the The media.. students take down teacher 9. settle down:start living in a place the language explains with the intention of staying life. points the Eg. After much traneling ,he settled important down in a quiet seaside city. language 6. go out with sb:spend a lot of time points with someone and have a romantic relationship with them eg. Tom likes going out with young girls. practice speaking The According to the language points, read teacher and understand the passage. Some Listen to the teacher gives out students read and translate it. Then let carefully some students use their own words to questions describe the main idea of the passage. Exercises ()choose the best answer in the Ask some Exercise Book Answer the teacher’s Questions 1. It weighs as____as 20 elephants questions A. many B.much C.more . 2.My weight is______than hers Give B. less B. fewer C.much students () Word building five Adjective Noun Verb minutes active activity to activate to able ability to enable listen to the tape of prepare similar similarity to similarize the passage and the public publicity to publicize complete the dialogues summary of the passage sum-up 1.We should know something about cities. 2.useful expressions close to: near eg. There is a bus stop close to the school. . while: although eg.(1)While we don’t agree with Listen to the teacher Sum-up each other, we continue to be carefully and take the useful good friends. down the useful words (2) Some people waste food while words and expression and others haven’t enough. focus one’s attention on useful expressio-Note the word “focus”can also be n used a noun. eg.She always wants to be the focus of attention. scale down:decrease by a certain proportion The opposite of “scale down”is “scale up it is no accident that: eg. It is no accident that he has got full marks in the exam; he has always worked very hard. Leave a homework Accept the Leave a Ask students a question: Do you like city homework homewok life? write a passage about city life Unit 7 B Type New Subject Unit7 An Englishman’s Home Is His Castle Grasping the language points and understanding the different points of Teaching view mentioned in the text Aim Focal Pointslanguage points and practice speaking Teaching Difficult Pointsexpress their own opinions Focus Questioning learningsummarizingpracticing Teaching Method Recorder and small blackboard Teaching Tool Teacher’s Teaching process and contents Students’ activities activities organize the class 1. Greet each other Listen to the organize 2. show the teaching aims teacher’s the class learn some new language points story ? practice speaking carefully 3. introduce the new task Greet each other Answer the teacher’s Questions Tell students a story Learn the new task Step1:Ask students a question: Learn explain How do you think of the title “An Englishman’s Home Is His Castle” ? Step II. listen to the tape. Then find the answers to the questions: The Listen to the What is an Englishman’s attitude teacher towards his home? introduction of the introduce new task and Why an Englishman adopts such the new an attitude towards his home? answer the task teacher’s questions What way does an Englishman purchase a house? Step III. Read text with the questions Step IV .Language points: 10. sooner or later Read the text content Play the eg.Don’t worry, sooner or later your tape son will come home. 11. clarify:make something clearer and easier to understand eg.(1)Could you clarify the first point Play the please? listen to the text tape (2)I hope what he says will clarify again the position of all shareholders. 12. scale down:decrease by a certain proportion The The opposite of “scale down”is students take down teacher “scale up” the language explains 6. it is no accident that: points the eg. It is no accident that he has got important full marks in the exam; he has language always worked very hard. points practice speaking The According to the language points, read teacher and understand the passage. Some Listen to the teacher gives out students read and translate it. Then let carefully some students use their own words to questions describe the main idea of the passage. Exercises ()choose the best answer in the Ask some Exercise Book Answer the teacher’s Questions 1. It weighs as____as 20 elephants questions A. many B.much C.more . 2.My weight is______than hers Give C. less B. fewer C.much students () Word building five Adjective Noun Verb minutes active activity to activate to able ability to enable listen to the tape of prepare similar similarity to similarize the passage and the public publicity to publicize complete the dialogues summary of the passage sum-up 1.We should know something about cities. 2.useful expressions close to: near eg. There is a bus stop close to the school. . while: although eg.(1)While we don’t agree with Listen to the teacher Sum-up each other, we continue to be carefully and take the useful good friends. down the useful words (2) Some people waste food while words and expression and others haven’t enough. focus one’s attention on useful expressio-Note the word “focus”can also be n used a noun. eg.She always wants to be the focus of attention. scale down:decrease by a certain proportion The opposite of “scale down”is “scale up it is no accident that: eg. It is no accident that he has got full marks in the exam; he has always worked very hard. Leave a homework Accept the Leave a Ask students a question: Do you like city homework homewok life? write a passage about city life We use language to communicate with others, but language use is not simply what you choose to express with words and sentences. Everything about you---your accent, your voice, your hand, your clothing---says something about who you are as a person. Even right now, as you read this, how you are sitting or standing or holding your head is communicating how you are feeling at this very moment. Without speaking a word, we can say so much. To prove this point, you only have to think about the look on your mother’s face when she is angry with you---there are simply no words necessary! Language use does not simply involve words and sentences. Body language also conveys something to our audience. Even our accent may draw different responses from others, as is shown by Text A, which reveals the prejudice of some Americans against foreign speakers of English. To achieve success in their careers and to really be accepted by that society, foreign professionals working in the US have to make extra efforts to get rid of their accents. Questions for discussion: (1) Do you speak Chinese with a local accent? If yes, please specify. (2) What might your attitude be towards one who speaks with a local accent? n. [C; U] electrical force measured in volts 电压 [例] high- power lines 高压电线 [例] The systems are getting smaller and using lower . 这些系统越来越小，用的电压越来越低。 n. [C; U] a load of goods sent by sea, road, or air, or the act of sending them （经海路、陆路或航空运送的）货物；装运 [例] We ordered a large of grain from that country. 我们从那个国家订购了一大批谷物。 [例] The goods were seriously damaged in . 货物在装运中严重受损。 n. [U] the state of being completely controlled by a person or group and obeying them 服从；顺从 [例] The city was starved into due to the shortage of food. 因为食物供应不足，城市里的人因饥饿而被迫降服。 [例] His madness frightened his parents into to his will. 他的疯狂吓得父母亲顺从了他的意愿。 n. [C] someone one works with, especially in a profession 同事；同僚 [例] a of mine at the bank 我银行的一位同事 [例] My often helped me with my work. 同事们经常在工作上帮助我。 n. [C; U] an attempt to imitate someone or something, or the act of doing this 模仿；仿效 [例] John did a brilliant of his teacher. 约翰惟妙惟肖地模仿了他的老师。 [例] Children learn a lot by . 孩子通过模仿学到很多东西。 vi. replace or balance something good that has been lost or is lacking 弥补；抵消 [例] Her intelligence more than for her lack of experience. 她的才智大大弥补了经验的不足。 [例] Nothing could for the lost youth. 青春逝去是无法弥补的。 vt. pay someone money because they have suffered injury, loss or damage 赔偿；补偿 [例] The insurance company him for his loss in the fire. 保险公司补偿了他在火灾中的损失。 [例] They were for the damage to their house. 他们的房子遭到破坏，得到了赔偿。 n. [C; U] (an) unfair and often unfavorable opinion or feeling, sometimes resulting from dislike or distrust 偏见；成见；歧视 [例] He is not friendly to foreigners because of his against them. 他对外国人并不友好，因为他对他们有成见。 [例] In traditional societies, people have against divorce. 在传统的社会里，人们往往对离婚抱有偏见。 vt. change so as to show a different number, time, etc. 校正；调整 [例] My watch is slow; I must it. 我的表慢了，我得把它重新调一下。 [例] Remember to your watch as soon as you reach your destination. 记得一到目的地就调整一下你手表上的时间。 adj. consisting of two or more parts 复合的 [例] a noun 一个复合名词 [例] Can you guess the meaning of the word? 你能猜出这个复合词的意思吗？ adj. of or gained by seeing 视觉的；视力的 [例] Students will have a examination this afternoon. 学生们下午检查视力。 [例] education is fit for young children. 直观教育适合幼儿。 vt. make someone extremely tired 使筋疲力尽 [例] A full day's teaching me. 上一天的课让我精疲力竭。 [例] She was too to talk about her journey with us. 她累得无法和我们谈她的旅程。 n. [C; U] a drug or another substance that is injected into the body 注射；注入；投入 [例] I felt much better after the doctor gave me an . 医生给我打了一针后我感觉好多了。 [例] An of cash is necessary to start this project. 要启动这 项目需要投入现金。 vt. give money to a sports event, a person, etc. 赞助；资助 [例] The football match was by a famous multi-national company. 这场足球赛是由一家著名的跨国公司赞助的。 [例] Do you know which association that exhibition? 你知道那个展览会是由哪个协会赞助的吗？ combine together to form as a whole 形成；组成；构成 [例] In this factory, people in their fifties the majority of those who were laid off in the reform. 这家工厂改革中，下岗的人员大多数是50 多岁的人。 [例] Female students one third of our class. 我们班级女生占了总人数的三分之一。 draw attention to the fact指出；指明 [例] The manager some problems in our work. 经理指出了我们工作中的一些问题。 [例] My good friends often my weaknesses and encourage me to improve myself. 我的好朋友们经常指出我的弱点，并且鼓励我提高自己。 ... he had to get rid of his accent; if he didn't, he would probably lose his job and ruin his career. Incorrect pronunciation often led to mistakes made in the shipments he ordered. (So we can see his accent did have a negative effect on his work.) Though he felt uncertain about what to do, he hired a speech coach to help him get rid of his accent. Among those people who paid to get rid of their accents, most were young, first-generation foreign professionals in America who hoped to have better prospects in their careers. But neither my passion for work nor my ability seemed important to them because they weren't patient enough to listen to me, one who spoke English with an accent. ... Americans have an unfair and unfavorable opinion about those who speak with an accent. We learn to make these sounds when we are babies by moving the lips, mouth, and tongue muscles in fixed and regular ways. So a speech coach tries to help people who speak different languages change these fixed ways of making sounds. Seeing himself in the mirror enabled him to see how the mouth, lips, and the tongue moved while pronouncing the sounds. n. [C] an occasion when people vote to choose someone for an official position 选举 [例] All representatives will be chosen by . 所有代表都将由选举产生。 [例] He beat his opponents and won the . 他击败了对手，在选举中获胜了。 n. [C] a small group, especially a class of students with a teacher, meeting to study or talk about a subject （在老师指导下对某一专题进行的）讨论课；研讨会 [例] The takes place once a month. 讨论课每月举行一次。 [例] Professor Liu spoke for half an hour at the end of the . 刘 教授在研讨会结束时讲了半小时话。 n.1. (singular) the manner or style of speaking in public 演说风格；讲话方式 [例] I was impressed by his of a good speech. 他出色的演讲给我留下了很深的印象。 [例] You'll have to work on your . 你还得在演说风格上下工夫。 2. [C; U] the act or process of sending goods, letters, etc. to someplace or someone 传递；运送 [例] When will the next postal be? 下一次的邮递是什么时候？ [例] They complained about the delayed . 他们抱怨发货延误。 v.support or rest oneself in a sloping position against a wall or other surface 倚；靠 [例] The worker the ladder against the wall and began to climb. 工人把梯子靠在墙上，开始往上爬。 [例] The carpenter the board against the wall and went outside. 木匠把木板斜靠在墙上，走了出去。 n. [C] a tall, solid, upright stone post used in a building as a support or decoration; anything similar to a column in shape, appearance, or use 圆柱；柱形物 [例] There are eight supporting the roof of the hall. 8根圆柱撑起大厅的屋顶。 [例] We saw a of black smoke rising from the valley. 我们看见黑色的烟柱从山谷升起。 vt. make someone want to have or do something, even though they know they really should not 引诱；诱使 [例] Do not Linda to try any ice cream since she is on a diet. 别诱惑琳达吃冰淇淋，因为她在节食。 [例] A great variety of fresh fruits me a lot in autumn. 在秋天，各种各样的新鲜水果对我的诱惑力很大。 n. [C] the official building where a group of officials who represent their government in a foreign country's capital work 大使馆 [例] the British in China 英国驻中国大使馆 [例] Her father is a US diplomat assigned to the in Beijing. 她的父亲是一位驻北京使馆的美国外交家。 adj. clearly seen, heard, understood, etc. 清晰的；清楚的；明显的 [例] There is a flavor of pepper in this dish. 这盘菜里有明显的胡椒味。 [例] Hearing a voice calling my name, I turned around and saw my best friend at university. 我听见一个清晰的声音叫我的名字，转过身看 到了大学里最好的朋友。 v. show by marking a piece of paper or raising one's hand which person one wants to elect or whether one supports a plan 投票； 表决 [例] The government was out of office at the election. 那届政府在选举中落选了。 [例] I haven't decided which of them I shall for. 我还没决定该投他们当中哪个人的票。 adj. that are said or done many times 重复的；反复的 [例] I soon got bored by the routine of my job. 我很快就对一成不变的工作感到厌倦了。 [例] Robin is tired of hearing his mother's words. 罗宾对母亲的唠叨感到厌烦。 n.[C; U] special importance or attention that is given to one part of something 强调；重点 [例] Some scientists insist that more should be placed on research in this field. 一些科学家认为这一领域的研究应该得到更多的重 视。 [例] The painter put special on the expression of the lady in the picture. 画家尤其突出了女士的表情。 n. [C] a plan or figure drawn to explain a machine, idea, etc.; a drawing that shows how something works rather than what it actually looks like 图表；一览图 [例] I have difficulty understanding circuit . 我看不懂电路图。 [例] Can you reduce the long explanations to simple ? 能不能把你的长篇解释用些简单图表来表示？ n. [C] a drawing, such as a curved line, which shows how (usually two) different values are related to each other （曲线）图表 [例] Students were asked to write a composition to describe the. 学生们被要求写篇文章来描述一下图表。 [例] The shows how the amount of money spent on housing by urban people has increased during the past 20 years. 这个曲线图显示了过去20年里城市居民用于住房的钱是如何增加的。 adj. belonging to or connected with a king or queen 国王的；王室的 [例] People always pay much attention to things that happen in the family. 人们往往很关心王室发生的事。 [例] The wedding became the headline in all the papers. 那次皇家婚礼成了所有报纸的头条新闻。 fasten or tie 扣上；系上 [例] The mother asked her boy to his buttons since it was windy outside. 因为外面风大，妈妈让儿子扣上衣扣。 [例] He stood in front of the mirror, his tie. 他站在镜子前系领带。 usually; in most cases 大体上；一般而言 [例] Jack loves sports , and especially swimming. 各种运动杰克一般都喜欢，尤其是游泳。 [例] , I agree with what you have said. 我大体上同意你所说的。 arrange for the performance of a play, show, etc. 上演；表演 [例] When will the play be ? 这个剧什么时候上演？ [例] Her gestures were so theatrical while talking, as if she were a show.她讲话时手势很夸张，像是在演戏似的。 fail to reach a desired result, standard, etc.未达到目标或标准等 [例] of the budget, they had to give up the plan. 因为预算不够，他们不得不放弃计划。 [例] The supplies and the army withdrew. 军队因为供应不足而撤退了。 continue past the arranged time 超过时间 [例] The meeting , and I was late for lunch. 会议散得晚，我吃午饭迟了。 [例] Each speaker was allowed five minutes, but he the time. 每人有5分钟发言时间，可是他超时了。 1. Appearances matter —perhaps they shouldn't, but they do. Meaning: Appearances are important —perhaps they shouldn't be so important, but they really are. 2. If you want people to have confidence in what you are saying, you need to present yourself in a capable light. Meaning: If you want people to believe what you are saying, you need to make yourself look highly capable. 3. Leaning against a column or dropping your head is a defense mechanism we all might be tempted to use when we're uncomfortable. Meaning: Leaning against a column or lowering your head is the posture we tend to take on to hide our embarrassment when we're uncomfortable. 4. On the other hand, don't stand like a guard on duty; you have to be able to move in a natural way in order to add expression to your words. Meaning: On the other hand, you should stand in a natural way and avoid looking stiff; you have to be able to move in a natural way in order to express yourself more effectively. 5. In a small group, facial expressions will add a lot to the level of understanding achieved by the audience. Meaning: If the audience is not large, facial expressions of the speaker will help the audience understand the speech much better. 6. In this case, make sure that your gestures are not repetitive, meaningless or too theatrical. Meaning: If you use your hands a lot while speaking, make sure that you don't repeat the same gestures too much, and that your gestures are meaningful and natural. 7. The eyes, face, head, and indeed the whole body, can be brought into play when adding emphasis to the spoken word. Meaning: The eyes, face, head, and actually the whole body, can be used to emphasize what you are saying. 8. This adds variety. Meaning: The use of different visual aids makes your speech more interesting. 9. Be careful not to do this too much, though —you are giving a speech, not putting on a show. Meaning: But be careful not to use too many visual aids —remember that you are making a speech, not giving a performance. 10. You should ensure that you don't fall short or run over the time allowed for your speech. Meaning: You should make sure that the length of your speech fits the length of time allowed for it —neither too long nor too short. 课程名称：大学英语 授课人： Unit 9 Genes and Emotions 2 课题 课时 Analyze the relationship between gees and emotions 教学目的 Understand the difficult language points 与要求 Language points and practice speaking 教学重点 To analyze the relationship between gees and emotions 与难点 主 要 内 容 及 步 骤 I. class arrangement 教 II. learn the new task III. Disscussion 学 IV. Exercises V. Sum-up 过 VI. Homework 程 授课效果 Students could behave actively. 分析总结 一. New words and expressions gene n. [C] a small part of the material at a cell that controls the development of the qualities that have been passed on to a living thing from its parents 基因 debate n. [C; U] discussion or argument on a subject that people have different opinions about 讨论；辩 论 [例] There has been little public debate on these issues. 对这些问题几乎没有进行过公众讨论。 [例] Over the year, we have had several debates about future policy. 一年中我们对未来政策进行好几次辩论。 biology n. [U] the scientific study of living things 生物学 packet n. [C] a small container with several similar things in it 小包；小盒；小袋 [例] How many coins are there in the packet? 袋里有多少硬币？ [例] She smokes a packet of cigarettes a day. 她一天抽一包烟。 geneticist n. [C] a person who studies genetics 遗传学家 [例] Geneticists believe that the study of genes will progress greatly in the 21st century. 遗传学 家相信基因研究将在21世纪取得大的进步。 respectively adv. each separately in the order mentioned 各自地；分别地 [例] In the race, Liz and Mary came in first and third respectively. 在赛跑中，利兹和玛丽分别取得第一名和第三名。 [例] He and his sister are a teacher and police officer respectively. 他和他的姐姐分别是老师和警察。 identical adj. exactly the same 完全相同的 [例] I've got three identical red skirts. 我有三条相同的红裙。 [例] The tests are identical to those carried out last year. 这些考试和去年举行的相同。 servant n. [C] a person who is paid to do personal services for someone, such as cleaning or cooking, especially in their house 仆人；佣人 [例] He has a group of faithful servants. 他有一帮忠心耿耿的仆人。 [例] The servant will follow her wherever she goes. 无论走到哪里，她的仆人都跟着她。 row n. [C] a line of people or things next to each other 一排；一行；一列 [例] a row of houses 一排房子 [例] We stood in rows to receive our diplomas from the teacher. 我们排队从老师那里领取证书。 interact vi. have an effect on each other or something else by being or working together 互相作用；互相影响 [例] It's interesting at parties to see how people interact socially. 在聚会上看人们如何交往是很有趣的。 [例] Modern architects are designing buildings for the future that will interact with the user. 现代 建筑师正在设计未来的、与用户互相影响的建筑物。 chemical n. [C] a substance used in or produced by chemistry 化学物质；化学制品 [例] mix chemicals in a test tube 把化学物质在试管中混合 [例] The government has promised to reduce the amount of chemicals used in food production. 政府已经保证减少食品生产中使用的化学制剂量。 anxiety n. [C; U] the feeling of being very worried about something 焦虑；不安；担心 [例] Children normally feel a lot of anxiety about their first day at school. 小孩子对第一天上学通常都感到非常紧张。 [例] Traffic jams and bad housing are the main anxieties of people who live in urban areas. 交通堵塞和住房紧张是都市居民焦虑不安的主要问题。 tablet n. [C] a small, round, solid piece of medicine; a pill 药片；药丸 [例] I cannot fall asleep without taking sleeping tablets. 不吃安眠药我就睡不着觉。 [例] I've taken two tablets but my headache hasn't gone yet. 我服了两片药，可我的头疼还是没 好。 underlying adj.basic though not easily noticed 基本的；根本的 [例] The underlying causes of the strike have been ignored. 这场罢工的根本起因被忽视了。 [例] The underlying reasons for his resigning is not clear yet. 他辞职的根本原因还不清楚。 outlook n. [C] one's general attitude to life and work 看法；观点；态度 [例] He has a very positive outlook on life. 他对人生持相当积极的态度。 [例] His mother's sudden passing away changed his outlook on life. 他母亲的突然辞世改变了他对人生的看法。 prompt vt.cause something to happen 促使；引起 [例] What prompted you to say that to your teacher? 是什么促使你向老师说了那样的话？ [例] Seeing the children playing in the park prompted his childhood memories. 看到公园里玩耍的孩子使他想起了自己的童年。 sketch n. [C] a simple, quickly-made drawing with little detail 草图；速写；素描 [例] She makes a sketch of a scene first and then she paints it. 她先画一幅场景素描，然后上颜 料。 [例] Every student is required to make a sketch of a tree.每个学生都被要求画一张树的素描。 poll n. [C] an attempt to find out the general opinion about something, especially about a political matter, by questioning a large number of people 民意调查；民意测验 [例] A new nationwide poll suggests there is widespread support for the proposal. 一项新的全国性民意调查表明，该项计划受到广泛支持。 [例] A recent poll shows that 70% of university students are not satisfied with the college English education. 最近一项民意测验表明：70%的大学生对大学英语教育不满意。 extrovert n. [C] someone who is active and confident, and who enjoys spending time with other people 性格外向的人 [例] Her family is a noisy group of extroverts. 她的家庭是一群热热闹闹喜欢社交的人。 [例] He is an extrovert and likes going to parties. 他性格外向，喜欢参加聚会。 introvert n. [C] someone who spends little time sharing activities with others 性格内向的人 [例] He is an introvert. 他是个内向的人。 [例] He used to be very sociable, but he's been an introvert since his wife's death. 他原来很爱交际，但自妻子去世以来他变得内向起来。 torch n. [C] a long stick with burning material at one end that produces light 火把；火炬 [例] the Olympic torch奥林匹克火炬 [例] The liberty torch illuminated Latin America. 自由的火炬照耀拉丁美洲。 settlement n. [C; U] an agreement or decision that ends an argument （争端的）解决；和解 [例] The two parties failed to reach a settlement in the trade war. 双方未能就贸易战达成 协议 离婚协议模板下载合伙人协议 下载渠道分销协议免费下载敬业协议下载授课协议下载 。 [例] Following the settlement of the strike, the train service is now back to normal. 罢工解决之后，铁路交通服务现在已恢复正常。 pass down give or leave something to people who are younger or live later 把……传给后人；把……往下传 [例] This custom has been passed down since the 18th century. 这个习俗是18世纪传下来的。 [例] The property has been passed down from father to son. 财产由父亲传给儿子。 warn (sb.) against advise (someone) not to do something 告诫（某人）不做某事 [例] I've been warned against that company, so I'll take a job somewhere else. 有人警告过我不要与那家公司打交道，所以我要在别的地方找工作。 [例] Didn't I warn you against putting your money into that foolish plan? 我不是警告过你不要把钱投入那个愚蠢的计划吗？ attach importance to think that something is important and that it should be considered seriously重视；认为很重要 [例] Both her parents attach great importance to education. 她的父母都很重视教育。 [例] Do you attach any importance to what she said? 你很在乎她的话吗？ bring on make something happen 引起；导致 [例] a cold brought on by going out in the rain 因冒雨外出导致的重感冒 [例] The crisis in our industry was brought on by the increasing price of raw material. 我们这行业的危机是由于原材料价格上涨。 in sight likely to happen即将发生 [例] There is no end in sight to the strike. 罢工还没有结束的迹象。 [例] Peace is now in sight. 和平在望了。 Language points . Some scientists now believe it to be a matter of biology, though many believe the answer cannot be wrapped up in such a neat little packet. Meaning: Some scientists now believe that human happiness is a biological matter, though many believe that the answer is not that simple. 2. Geneticist John Hamer believes there are genes that make some people happier or sadder than others. Meaning: Geneticist John Hamer believes that there are genes that make some people happier while making some people sadder. 3. Hamer reviewed twin studies of this nature. Please notice the figurative use of "twin" in this sentence. "Twin" is a pun: on the one hand, it means that the objects of the study are twin brothers and sisters; on the other hand, it implies that there are two studies: one is on identical twins and the other on twins who are not identical. 4. In the first study, David Brown and George Yule —a psychologist and a geneticist, respectively —tried to measure happiness in 1,500 sets of twins, half of which were identical. Please notice that: "identical twins (同卵双胞胎)" are twins of the same sex who look exactly like each other. 5. Upon receipt of the completed surveys, it became clear that the responses, or happiness scores, of the twins who were not identical were almost no different than the responses of unrelated pairs of people. Meaning: The results of the survey showed clearly that the twins who were not identical gave the same responses, or got the same happiness scores, as those pairs of people who were not related. 6. Since identical twins have genes that are complete copies of one another, the researchers believed this revealed a physical link to happiness. Meaning: Because identical twins have exactly the same genes as each other, the researchers believed that this proved that happiness was a biological or physical matter. 7. Hamer viewed the research on twins as strong proof that people's basic personality is a matter of biology, passed down as a row of interacting genes. Meaning: Hamer believed that the study of twins has strongly proved that people's basic personality is biological, passed down from parents to children in the form of genes that influence one another. 8. Likewise, medical researchers believe that depression and anxiety are caused by an imbalance of such chemicals, and often prescribe them in tablet form to patients who cannot produce enough. Meaning: Similarly, medical researchers believe that depression and anxiety occur because the amount of such chemicals is not balanced. So they often prescribe tablets to the patients who cannot produce enough of such chemicals. 9. Many researchers believe that while the underlying ability to experience pleasure may be physical, much happiness can come from other things, such as family, friends, and accomplishments. Meaning: Many researchers believe that although the basic ability to feel happiness may be related to genes, much happiness can come from other things, such as family, friends, and achievements. 10. On the other hand, opponents of Hamer's theory note that any number of factors may have affected the researchers' studies, and warn against attaching great importance to these results. Meaning: On the other hand, those who are against Hamer's theory point out that many factors may have affected the researcher's studies, and warn people not to attach too much importance to these results.11. Others say that these studies provide a mere sketch of a much larger and complicated picture. Meaning: Others say that these studies only give a very simple description of a much greater and complicated situation. 12. Research that has been done in prisons, nursing homes, and other places where people are highly controlled, has all conveyed the depressing effects of a life without personal freedom. Meaning: Research that has been carried out in prisons, nursing homes, and other places where people are highly controlled, has all showed that a life without personal freedom has bad effects which make people depressed. 13. Ultimately, torches still burn brightly on both sides of this debate, with no real settlement in sight. Meaning: Finally, the debates between the two sides will go on, with no possibility of reaching a conclusion in the near future. exercise 1. There was a long ______ in school on the question of whether university students should or should not be encouraged to have part-time jobs. A. report B. debate C. lesson D. meeting 2. The two words are ______ in meaning, so we can use either of them without twisting the meaning of this sentence. A. identical B. different C. meaningful D. difficult 3. She is studying the complex way in which people ______ with each other at parties. A. connect B. dance C. interact D. say 4. We waited with great ______ for more news about the accident to see whether John was lucky enough to survive. A. happiness B. excitement C. joy D. anxiety 5. A work of art usually shows its author's ______ on the world. A. outlook B. issue C. matter D. worry 6. The sight of the ships ______ thoughts of his distant home. A. appeared B. introduced C. prompted D. led 7. He prepared himself by making several ______ before starting to draw the buildings. A. graphs B. sketches C. pictures D. speeches 8. The management reached a(n)______ with the union over the pay dispute and so the strike ended peacefully. A. answer B. conclusion C. talk D. settlement 课程名称：大学英语 授课人： Unit 9-My Road to Happiness 2 课题 课时 Understanding How to find the road to happiness 教学目的 Master the language 与要求 Language points and practice speaking 教学重点 To analyze how to find the road to happiness 与难点 主 要 内 容 及 步 骤 I. class arrangement 教 II. learn the new task III. Disscussion 学 IV. Exercises V. Sum-up 过 VI. Homework 程 授课效果 Students could behave actively. 分析总结 n.[U] the time before it gets dark when the sky is becoming less bright 黄昏；傍晚 [例] As fell, bats began to fly between the trees. 黄昏降临，蝙蝠开始在树丛中飞翔。 [例] He stood still in front of the window from dawn to . 他从早到晚，一动不动站在窗前。 adj. light and able to be carried or moved easily 手提式的；便携式的 [例] Where is my computer? 我的手提电脑哪儿去了？ [例] telephones are often wireless. 手提电话通常是无绳的。 vt. keep someone in a place 使呆在某处 [例] John was at home for a week with his cold. 约翰因感冒而足不出户一周。 [例] He was in a dark room for two weeks. 他被禁闭在一个黑屋里达两周之久。 n. [C] a place or building where people wait to get onto buses, planes, etc. （汽车、飞机等的）终点站 [例] The new rail is very large and well designed. 新的铁路车站很大，设计得很好。 [例] Please do not leave any of your luggage unattended in the building. 请不要将你的行李无人照看地放在机场大楼内。 n.[C] a broad main road, used especially by traffic going in both directions, and often leading from one town to another公路 [例] Everyone with a car knows that the city system needs major repairs. 每个有车的人都知道市区公路系统需要大修。 [例] We drove along the from Shanghai to Hangzhou. 我们沿公路驾车从上海到杭州。 n.[C] a large vehicle for carrying heavy goods; truck 运货汽车；卡车 [例] The accident involved two cars and a . 这起交通事故涉及两辆小轿车和一辆卡车。 [例] The was loaded with fish. 这辆卡车上装的是鱼。 vi. move back and away 后退；退却 [例] When she came towards me shouting, I behind my desk. 她冲过来向我大喊大叫，我躲避到书桌后面。 [例] Attacks by the enemy forced the tanks to from the city. 敌人的进攻迫使坦克从城市中撤退。 vt. turn and fasten something 旋紧；拧紧 [例] this piece of wood to the wall so that we can fit the curtain rail to it. 用螺丝把这块木片钉在墙上，这样我们可以在上面安装窗帘架了。 [例] the lid firmly on to the jar and shake well. 把瓶盖拧紧，然后充分摇匀。 n. [U] a red-brown metal used especially for making wire 铜 [例] She wears a very beautiful bracelet. 她戴了个非常漂亮的铜手镯。 n. [U] soil; loose earth 泥土；松土 [例] We drove up a narrow track to their house. 我们把车开上一条狭窄的乡间土路去他们家。 [例] After I'd finished gardening, there was from the flowerbeds all over the path. 我搞完园艺后，花坛过来一路都有土。 adv. outside; in the open air 在户外 [例] If the weather's good, we'll eat . 如果天气好，我们在室外 吃饭。 [例] I have been all day. 我在外面一整天了。 n. [C] the upper part of one's legs when they are sitting down 大腿部 [例] Come and sit on my . 过来坐我腿上吧。 [例] I put my portable computer on my . 我把手提电脑放在腿上。 vt. cover (a path, area, etc.) with a hard, level surface 铺 （路） [例] The road from the shops to the beach is with stones. 商店到海滨这一段的路是用石子铺的。 [例] The backyard was with bricks set in patterns. 后院是用砖铺的，还铺成了图案。 vt. make small changes to something 修改；改进 [例] The suggestions were unpopular and were only accepted in a form. 那些建议不得人心，只是修改后才被接受。 [例] Instead of scolding them, the teacher only told the students to their behavior. 老师只是叫学生修正他们的行为，而没有惩罚他们。 n. [U] a solid yellow food made from milk or cream and spread on bread or used in cooking 黄油 [例] We had bread with and jam for breakfast. 我们早餐吃了涂有黄油和果酱的面包。 adj. (of money) that can be given back to someone, especially because they are not satisfied with the goods or services they have paid for 可偿还的；可退款的 [例] The deposit is . 定金是可退还的。 [例] I don't know why only beer bottles are . 我不知道为什么只有啤酒瓶是可退还的。 n.[C] a small, long-eared animal that lives in a hole in the ground, often kept as a pet 兔；家兔 n. [C] a large sweeping brush, usually with a long handle 扫帚 [例] Take this and get busy. I want this whole shop swept out. 拿着扫帚赶紧干活，我要整个店铺都打扫干净。 [例] The handle has broken. 扫帚把断了。 n. [U] the money charged for carrying a letter, a parcel, etc., by post 邮资；邮费 [例] The for express delivery is 15 yuan. 快递邮资15元。 [例] I was charged $3 for and packing. 包装加邮资我付了3美元。 n. [C] a set of wires which carry telephone messages, television signals, etc. 电缆 [例] There were for telephones, lights and computers all over the floor. 地上满是电话、电灯、计算机的线缆。 [例] The road has been dug up in order to lay . 路挖掘开以便铺设电缆。 n. [C] a man-made object intended to move around the Earth, moon, etc., used for radio, television, and other electronic communication 人造卫星 [例] The World Cup was transmitted around the world by . 世界杯通过卫星传播到世界各地。 [例] communication is widely used nowadays. 现在卫星通讯已被广泛采用。 move past or go past a person, a place, etc. 经过 [例] When you have the church, take the next turn on your left. 你走过教堂以后，在第二个拐角处向左拐。 [例] Call in and see us if you're ever the house. 如果你什么时候经过我家，就来看看我们。 in the direction that someone is going 在路上；顺路 [例] I met an old friend to work this morning. 今天早上我在上班的路上碰到一位老朋友。 [例] It's 6 o'clock. I think she must be home. 已经六点了，我想她一定是在回家的路上。 twist (one's face) or make (one's eyes) narrower, especially to show dislike 扭歪；皱紧 [例] She her eyes at the nasty smell. 她闻到难闻的气味直皱眉头。 [例] Her face as her tongue touched the bitter fruit.她的舌头一触到那苦涩的水果，脸就扭歪了。 like someone or something more and more使越来越喜欢 [例] I didn't like this painting at first, but it's beginning to me. 起初我不喜欢这幅画，但它渐渐把我迷住了。 [例] His music is difficult to listen to, but after a while it you. 他的音乐很难懂，但不久会让你越来越喜欢。 a long time ago 很久以前；很久以来 [例] I saw him not . 我不久以前见过他。 [例] The matter has been settled . 这事早已解决。 (an idea or thought) suddenly come into one's mind（主意或想法）浮现于脑中；被想到 [例] The possibility that she might be wrong never her. 她从来没想到过自己可能会错。 [例] It suddenly her that her husband had no key to the door. 她突然想起来丈夫没有门钥匙。 begin as one thing and develop into something else 开始时打算；本来想要 [例] He as a poor office boy, and now he's a millionaire! 他开始是个穷办公室勤杂工，现在成了百万富翁。 [例] They wanting a house, but eventually bought a flat. 他们开始打算要一幢房子，但是结果却买了一套公寓。 make a short visit to a place or a person 顺便访问；顺便探望 [例] Can you for a moment on your way home from the shops? We could have a cup of tea together. 你从商店回家的路上能进来坐会儿吗？我们可以 一块儿喝杯茶。 [例] Please the cleaner's on your way home and collect my coat. 请在回家的路上顺便到干洗店走一趟，帮我拿一下上衣。 tell someone about things which have happened recently 向某人提供最新情况 [例] Let me you on what has been happening recently. 让我告诉你最近发生的事。 [例] My secretary will you on the details. 我的秘书会告诉你具体细节。 have a connection with 与„„有关 [例] The rise in price the increased cost of oil. 物价提高完全与石油费用的增加有关。 [例] She is interested in anything that history. 凡与历史有关的东西她都感兴趣。 Please notice the use of "road" here. "Road" is a pun: on the one hand, it refers to the specific road described in the article; on the other hand, it means the author's gradual process of getting used to and coming to like a life living close to the road. I almost neglected the road until the winter came and I was forced to stay at home. Most nights, I'd watch the traffic passing by my house with their rear lights moving further and further away, twist my face at this sight, and then draw the curtains so I could get some sleep. I gradually got used to and came to like the road, though I didn't realize it. Complaining about the road changed nothing else, but perhaps it changed my spirit. I slowly realized that maybe I should view the road in a different way. For example, the postman, who calls me "Madam", tells me about the interesting things he sees at town. He even tells me something about the price of postage to countries around the world. Such information I may not need at all. If I hadn't lived close to the road, I wouldn't have neighbors who are now my friends. Please notice the subjunctive mood (虚拟语气) in this sentence. James True Woodbury had his reasons for building this house so close to the road. His reasons for building this house near the road had a connection with farm life in the late 19th century. The reasons were true, as true as his middle name "True". Please note that the author is playing a word game here. She uses "true" in a pun sense. Jame's middle name "True" is identical with the word "true" in both form and pronunciation. And although life in the 21st century is quite different from that of the 19th century, people's need for neighbors living close by is getting even stronger today. When you make up your mind to become a part of the neighborhood of this road, you will know the other part of the story. exercise screw1. I'm going to some handles onto the new bathroom wall. neighbor2. She is kind-hearted and is liked by the whole . highways3. National form an important part of the country's road system. retreati4. I used to stand by the window, watching buses and cars into distance. confined5. John was to bed for a week with his cold. terminal6. Let's meet at six o'clock at the bus. modify7. We had to the original design slightly to meet our customers' need. portable8. He took a DVD player with him so that he could watch films on the train. Type New Subject Unit10 Healthy World, Healthy People Grasping the language points and understanding the different points of Teaching view mentioned in the text Aim Focal Pointslanguage points and practice speaking Teaching Difficult Pointsexpress their own opinions Focus Questioning learningsummarizingpracticing Teaching Method Recorder and small blackboard Teaching Tool Teacher’s Teaching process and contents Students’ activities activities Listen to the teacher’s organize the class story 1. Greet each other organize carefully 2. show the teaching aims the class learn some new language points ? practice speaking Answer the 3. introduce the new task Greet each teacher’s ?new words study Questions other ?understanding of the text Tell students a story . Leading In Environment and its relationship with human life is an important topic, which none of us could afford to neglect. Discussion: (1).the damage that polluted environment may do to human beings. (2).ways to reduce environment pollution in order to maintain a healthy life in a healthy world. .Detailed Study Recreational ?vocabulary: adj. done or used for pleasure or enjoyment 娱乐的；消遣的 [例] recreational activities/facilities 娱乐活动/娱乐设施 Mobility n. [U] the ability to move between places, jobs, or social classes 流动性；易变性 [例] Population mobility is one of the results of economic development. 人口流动是经济发展的产物之一。 [例] A strong economy offers greater opportunities for social mobility. 强劲的经济发展提供了更多社会阶层变动的机会。 Disaster n. [C; U] a sudden event causing great suffering or damage 灾难；灾祸 [例] More than ten people were killed in the mining disaster. 在这次矿难中有十多人丧生。 [例] The storm was a terrible disaster. 那场暴风雨是一场可怕的灾难。 Exposure n. [C; U] the state of being put into a situation in which something harmful or dangerous might affect you 暴露；显露 [例] Long exposure to the sun is harmful to your skin. 长时间暴露在太阳下对你的 皮肤有害。 [例] The scientists risked exposure to harmful radiation. 科学家冒着暴露在有害辐射之下的危险。 Pollute vt.make air, water, soil, etc. too dirty and dangerous for people to use 污染 [例] The river was polluted by the waste water from that factory. 那个工厂排出的废水污染了这条河。 [例] Violent films pollute young minds. 暴力电影毒害年轻人的心灵。 Infectious adj. (of an illness) that can be passed from one person to another 传染（性）的 [例] SARS is highly infectious. 非典型性肺炎的传染性很强。 [例] A highly infectious type of flu is going around. 一种传染性很强的流感正在流 行。 Alteration n. [C] a small change that makes someone or something slightly different 改变；变动 [例] We are making a few alterations to the house. 我们正对房子进行一些改建。 [例] There have been some alterations to the timetable. 时间表上有一些变动。 Consumption n. [U] the use of something such as fuel or energy, or the amount that is used 消耗（量） [例] Fuel consumption has risen sharply in recent years. 近年来燃料消耗量急剧增 加。 [例] Many new cars have a much lower fuel consumption. 很多新型汽车的燃料消耗低。 Adaptive Adj. able to change so as to be suitable to new situations 适应的；适应性强的 [例] He is highly adaptive. 他适应能力很强。 [例] We need adaptive workers who are willing to learn new things. 我们需要渴望学习新知识的适应性强的工人。 Capacity n. [C; U] someone's ability to do something 能力 [例] a child's capacity for learning 孩子的学习能力 [例] He has acapacity to think in an original way. 他具有创造性思维。 Depth n. [U] the seriousness of a situation 严重程度 [例] These figures show the depth of the economic crisis. 这些数据表明了经济危机的严重程度。 [例] The depth of the problem has not been noticed yet. 问题的严重程度还未被注 意到。 [C; usually singular] the distance down from the top surface to the bottom of something 深；深度 [例] a novel that lacks depth 缺乏深度的小说 [例] What depth is the river? 这条河有多深？ Complex Adj. difficult to understand or explain because there are many different parts 复杂的 [例] Mental illness is by its nature very complex. 精神病本质上十分复杂。 [例] There is a complex network of roads round our city. 我们城市周围有复杂的道 路网。 Democracy n. 1. [C] a country that has a government which has been elected by the people of the country 民主国家 2. [U] a system of government in which people vote to elect its members 民主；民主 政治；民主政体 [例] I suppose it takes time for true democracy to work. 我认为实行真正的民主需要时间。 Confront vt. Face somebody or something unpleasant, difficult, etc. in a determined way 面对； 正视 [例] When I am confronted by a microphone, my mind goes blank. 当我面对话筒 时，我的脑子一片空白。 [例] They have confronted the problem of terrorism with great determination. 他们 以极大的决心对付恐怖活动问题。 Nuclear Adj. relating to energy produced by changing the structure of the central part of an atom 原子能的；核能的 [例] a nuclear power station 核电站 [例] nuclear weapons 核武器 Pollution n. [U] the process of making air, water, soil, etc. too dirty and dangerous for people to use污染 [例] the pollution of our beaches with oil 石油对我们海滩的污染 [例] Water pollution led to the death of the fishes in the river. 水污染造成这条河里鱼类的死亡。 2. Text Comprehension 1. Healthy World, Healthy People Meaning: We should protect the environment of the world from being polluted. Only when the world is free from pollution can the people in this world enjoy a healthy life. 2. A broader definition also includes the conditions of the social environment —everything from housing quality to transportation, recreational facilities, population growth and mobility... Meaning: In its broad sense, the term "environment" also includes social environment conditions such as housing quality, transportation, facilities for pleasure and enjoyment, population growth and mobility... 3. These definitions point to the long list of things that can go wrong in the environment. Meaning:These definitions of environment indicate that a lot of things can go wrong in the environment 4. Meanwhile, most environment-related health problems appear less obvious. Meaning: Meanwhile, most health problems related to environment seem to be less obvious than the terrible consequences of extreme disasters such as Chernobyl. 5. Yet this public health problem... does not figure in health and vital statistics. Meaning: Yet this public health problem is not included in health and population statistics. vital statistics: figures that show the number of births, marriages, deaths, and length life, etc. in a particular population 人口动态统计 6. At what stage might the destruction of the world's resources strike back against the health of human populations? Meaning: At what stage might the destruction of the world's resources do something in return to affect the health of human populations? 7. Yet, it is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain a positive outlook on our capacity to sustain healthy and happy populations in the coming century. Meaning: But it is becoming more and more difficult to keep a positive outlook on our ability to maintain healthy and happy populations in the next century. 8. The number and depth of today's environmental problems are such that we must take a serious look at our priorities, and seek better methods of living. Meaning: Today there are so many environmental problems and they are very serious. So we must take a serious look at the things more important than others and look for better methods of living. 9. ... when thus confronted, will declare a primary preference for security, happiness, and health. Meaning: ... when they are faced with these issues, they will declare that they mainly prefer security, happiness, and health. 10. We must look beyond the restricted view of "environmental health" as a problem of local pollution —a problem that can be solved with technical management, but one that is often compromised when "economic growth" is the competing value. Meaning: We must take a broader view of "environmental health", not simply regarding it as a problem of local pollution. A problem of local pollution can be solved with technical management, but when "economic growth" is considered more important, we often attach more importance to economic growth at the risk of local pollution. 11. ... we must think more seriously about how best to manage and sustain these essential life-support systems. Please notice that "essential life-support systems" refers to the many systems in the environment that are necessary for supporting life on earth. Type New Subject Unit10 Addiction Around the World Grasping the language points and understanding the different points of Teaching view mentioned in the text Aim Focal Pointslanguage points and practice speaking Teaching Difficult Pointsexpress their own opinions Focus Questioning learningsummarizingpracticing Teaching Method Recorder and small blackboard Teaching Tool Teacher’s Teaching process and contents Students’ activities activities Listen to the teacher’s organize the class story 4. Greet each other organize carefully 5. show the teaching aims the class learn some new language points ? practice speaking Answer the 6. introduce the new task Greet each teacher’s ?new words study other Questions ?understanding of the text Tell students a story .Leading In Discussion: (1).Does anyone in your family smoke or drink alcohol? (2).In your opinion which is better for people’s health, cigar or alcohol? .Detailed Study Disastrous ?vocabulary: adj.causing a lot of harm or damage 灾难性的 [例] Chemical pollutions have had a disastrous effect on wildlife. 化学物质污染对野生生物造成了灾难性的影响。 [例] Investing in such a business proved disastrous to him. 投资那项生意对他来说是灾难性的一举。 Alcohol n. [U] drinks such as wine or beer that can make people drunk 含酒精的饮料；酒 [例] The doctor told me to keep off alcohol. 医生叫我滴酒不沾。 [例] I used to drink alcohol, but I don't any more. 我曾经喝酒，但现在不喝了。 Appetite n. [C; U] a desire to have something, especially food 胃口；食欲 [例] Don't eat chocolate; it will spoil your appetite for dinner. 不要吃巧克力，它会损害你正餐的食欲。 [例] The old man has a very healthy appetite. 这位老人食欲很好。 Sword n. [C] a weapon with a long sharp blade and a handle 剑；刀 Invoice n. [C] a list of goods sold or services provided with the price(s) charged 发票；发货清单 [例] pay an invoice 支付发票 [例] an invoice for the goods 发货清单 Brand n. [C] a type of product made by a particular company 商标；牌子 [例] a brand name 商品名称 [例] Whatbrand of shampoo do you prefer? 你喜欢哪个牌子的香波？ Substance n. [C] a particular type of liquid, solid, or gas 物质 [例] the same substance in different forms 相同物质的不同状态 [例] Heroin is an illegal substance. 海洛因是一种违禁品。 Volt n. [C] a unit for measuring the power of an electric current 伏；伏特（电压单位） Tube n. [C] a round pipe made of rubber, glass, etc., especially for liquid or gas to go through 管子；圆管 [例] a tube of shaving cream 一管剃须膏 [例] I want two tubes of glue. 我要两管胶水。 Preserve vt. save something or someone from being harmed or destroyed 保护；维护；保存 [例] He tried to preserve a language that only a few people still spoke. 他试图保存一种只有少数人还在讲的语言。 [例] The interesting old customs should be preserved. 这些有趣的旧习俗应当保留 下来。 Moisture n. [U] a small amount of water on a surface, in the air, etc. 水分；潮湿；湿汽 [例] Plants use their roots to absorb moisture from the soil. 植物利用根从土壤中吸收水分。 [例] A great deal of moisture is given off. 大量水汽散发出来。 Regulate vt. control or direct an activity or process, especially by rules （以规章制度）控制；管理 [例] A policeman is regulating the traffic. 一个警察在疏导交通。 [例] The activities of credit companies are regulated by law. 信贷公司的活动受法律制约。 Smuggling n. [U] the crime of taking things illegally from one country to another 走私 [例] Strict measures have been taken against smuggling. 已经采取了严格的措施打击走私。 [例] They were arrested for car smuggling. 他们因走私汽车而被捕。 Diagnostic Adj. used for finding out what physical or mental problem someone has 诊断的；判断的 [例] diagnostic tests/examination 诊断性试验/检查 2. Text Comprehension 1. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently addressed the disastrous effects of various addictions —tobacco, alcohol, and drugs —in different parts of the world. Meaning: Recently the World Health Organization started dealing with the dangerous effects of various addictions in different parts of the world, such as addictions to tobacco, alcohol, and drugs. 2. Very poor people often use tobacco to put their appetite to the sword or to stop their pain. Meaning: Very poor people often use tobacco to stop their appetite for food (because they could not afford enough food) or to stop their pain. Please notice that here "put... to the sword" is used metaphorically to mean "stop" or "put... to an end". 3. Invoices from stores did not paint an accurate picture of consumption levels... Meaning: Invoices from stores did not give an accurate description or estimate of how much alcohol had been consumed... 4. In recent years, as well, European and American brands of alcohol have become symbols of a better lifestyle, as advertising now links alcohol with freedom and social success. Meaning: In recent years, European and American brands of alcohol have become symbols of a better lifestyle, because according to the ad, drinking alcohol of these brands means freedom and social success. 5. Addiction among street children street children: children who do not have a home and who often sleep outside at street 流浪儿童；街头儿童 6. These children, some as young as six, use substances like glue... Meaning: These children, some of whom are only six years old, use things like glue for drug purpose. 7. Glue is cheaply available and provides a "rapid high" —like several volts of electricity through the body —when children breathe it in through a tube from a plastic bag. Meaning: Glue is cheap to buy, and it gives them an instant feeling of great excitement, like some electricity passing through the body, when children breathe in its smell through a tube from a plastic bag. 8. Many have since worked long and hard with their governments to preserve their lands and unique cultures. Meaning: Many indigenous people have worked long and hard to negotiate with their governments to protect their lands and unique cultures. 9. Most indigenous groups hold in common the use of natural substances for medical and religious purposes. Meaning: Most indigenous groups use natural substances for medical and religious purposes. This is what they hold in common. Please notice the position of the object of the sentence ("the use of natural substances for medical and religious purposes") is too long, so it is put at the end of the sentence in order to keep the sentence balanced. 10. Yet, as global development occurs, and drug smuggling increases, alcohol and drugs are finding their ways into these communities, often with very serious consequences. Meaning: However, as global development occurs and drug smuggling increases, people are smuggling alcohol and drugs into these communities, and this often brings serious results to the communities. 11. ... the children go to a diagnostic center where their physical, psychological and social problems can be studied... Meaning: ... the children go to a center to receive diagnosis and treatment. In the center, their physical, psychological and social problems can be studied...