公共英语-公共英语四级模拟114

公共英语-公共英语四级模拟114 公共英语四级模拟114 Section ? Listening Comprehension Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answer in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1. If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW, as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started. Now look at Part A in your test booklet. Part A You will hear a dialogue about a lost property. Listen and complete the sentences in questions 1,5 with the information you've heard. Write not more than 5 words in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1、 A Nobel Prize is one of the most highly regarded ______ honors. 2、 The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in ______. 3、 Among the five Nobel Prizes, there are three in various sciences, one for ______. and the Peace Prize. 4、 Nobel wished his property to be contributed to the ______ of prizes in his last will. 5、 The first part of the prize is a gold ______. Part B You will hear a conversation about a crime. Answer questions 6-10 while you listen. Use not more than 5 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions. 6、 First of all, successful language learners are ______. 7、 The first type of learners try to find the ______ for them- selves. 8、 Successful language learners can accept information that is ______. 9、 What's more important for successful learners to do in the language than to know the meaning of every word? 10、 What are the final type of successful language learners? Part C You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one. You will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answer. You will hear each piece once only. 11、 Which is NOT the purpose of the adult students taking part in adult programs? A. To finish their education. B. To learn job skills. C. To explore new interests. D. To develop their brains. 12、 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this talk? A. Montgomery College. B. The University of Arizona. C. Elder hostel. D. The departments of Agriculture and Defense. 13、 Which of the following is true according to the talk? A. Adult education classes meet in school, public libraries, religious centers and nature science B. Adults can take the classes by mail or on their computers providing by the University of Arizona Extended University. C. Some adults explore new interests through learning job skills and learning to speak a foreign language. D. An agency in the Federal Department of Education offers classes in many subjects for adults. 14、 What is the woman's present position? A. Assistant director. B. Assistant professor. C. Director. D. Professor. 15、 What do we learn about the postgraduates enrolled last year in the woman's university? A. Nearly half were from overseas. B. They were only from African countries. C. They were only from the Far East and Middle East. D. They were only from Latin America. 16、 What will the woman's new job be like? A. There will be less community work. B. There will be less policy work. C. There will be more dealing with students. D. There will be less dealing with students. 17、 What is the finding of the new study of aspirin? A. Reduce life risks after operation of replacing blocked blood vessels to the heart. B. Help people recover quickly after operation. C. Help people sleep better. D. Help people work actively. 18、 In what way can aspirin help heart surgery patients according to the doctors? A. Prevent losing blood. B. Help them keep awake. C. Help people move blood. D. Prevent blood from thickening and blood vessels from being blocked. 19、 What warning did the doctors give about the use of aspirin? A. Don't use it before meal. B. Don't use it after meal. C. Don't use it to the old. D. Don't use it if people have stomach bleeding or other bad reactions from aspirin. Section ? Use of English Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. As the world's supplies of fossil fuels, including oil, coal, and natural gas, continue to 20 , countries are trying to develop 21 energy sources. One of the most controversial solutions 22 this growing problem lies in nuclear energy. At present the construction of nuclear power plants in the United States has almost reached a 23 . Plans for many nuclear 24 have been postponed or even cancelled as a result of both the 25 demand for electricity and strong 26 opposition. People are becoming increasingly concerned about the dangers that accompany 27 power. There are two major problems 28 with atomic power plants, the first of which concerns nuclear waste. Atomic reactors produce waste products that 29 radioactive and 30 lethal for thousands of years. As yet, no safe method has been found for the 31 of these wastes. The second problem relates 32 the danger of an atomic explosion. Many people doubt that an atomic power plant can be operated 33 and shut 34 quickly in an emergency. An electricity-generating plant powered by fossil fuels can be stopped in minutes; 35 , an atomic power plant is not as easy to control if something goes wrong. It can remain "hot," or radioactive for days and even months after an accident. In addition, the critics of nuclear energy are concerned with the human factor at power plants. A possible solution to atomic energy problems may 36 in nuclear fusion. Fission reactors, which are presently in operation, 37 energy by splitting atoms; fusion reactors, on the other hand, create energy by combining atoms. The fusion method appears to be safer, 38 it does not produce radioactive waste. Experts, however, feel that the technology necessary to make fusion practical is 39 many years in the future. 20、 A. weaken B. fail C. drop D. shrink 21、 A. alternative B. substitute C. alternate D. optional 22、 A. in B. to C. at D. with 23、 A. standstill B. stop C. dead end D. deadline 24、 A. equipment B. supplies C. facilities D. devices 25、 A. growing B. moderate C. declining D. pressing 26、 A. public B. political C. social D. peaceful 27、 A. electric B. hydraulic C. latent D. unclear 28、 A. went B. associated C. combined D. mixed 29、 A. keep B. remain C. sound D. feel 30、 A. definitely B. likely C. potentially D. doubtless 31、 A. disposal B. withdrawal C. use D. rid 32、 A. to B. into C. with D. of 33、 A. unsafely B. safely C. unsteadily D. steadily 34、 A. up B. off C. out D. down 35、 A. though B. however C. besides D. moreover 36、 A. involve B. find C. lie D. result 37、 A. make B. display C. produce D. supply 38、 A. as B. since C. if D. when 39、 A. still B. yet C. even D. so Section ? Reading Comprehension Part A Read the following four texts and answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Passage 1 40、 The different ways men and women move their body indicate that ______. A. bone structures in men and women are arranged differently B. women's bones are more ready to movement C. men always move their bodies with waste motions D. women is good at climbing upwards Passage 2 Bacteria are microscopic organisms which live on the surface of objects. They are one of the most ancient living things, which exist on this planet for nearly 4,000 million years. Do you know the size of bacteria? It can only be measured in microns. Maybe you have not a standard in your mind how long a micron is. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter, which equals about the diameter of a pinhead. Therefore, even if we enlarged the rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would only be the size of a pinhead. We barely see bacteria by a magnification an ordinary microscope of 100 times, even if we try, we cannot make out anything of their structure. There are normally millions of them together, for they can multiply really fast. Scientists have found that some bacteria have attached to wavy-looking "hairs" called flagella. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water. Others can glide along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanism. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them. They are active all the time. Even the bacteria without flagella often bound about in the water. They are pushed here and there, colliding with the watery molecules. Bacteria cannot be detected because they don't produce bad odor or change the color or texture of the food. Therefore, when people eat the food with many bacteria, they are likely to get hepatitis A, acute gastroenteritis and a host of other illnesses. Many households have refrigerators to prevent from bacteria. Of course, freezing food slows or stops the growth of bacteria, however, when food is thawed, the bacteria will become reactivated. Bacteria can not be totally destroyed before the food is thoroughly cooked. We need to know that not all bacteria are in connection with illness. Just some bacteria can cause disease. They are called pathogenic bacteria. Fortunately our immune system can protect us from them. Bacteria are prokaryotes ( single cells that do not contain a nucleus). It may seem weird to classify organisms according to such details, but with or without a nucleus is not trivial at all. The division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes (all organisms with a nucleus inside their cells) is of extreme importance in biology, and is the result of a major evolutionary breakthrough. Visit our program tomorrow if you want to know more, thank you. 41、 Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph? A. Bacteria are as big as a pinhead. B. Bacteria can not be seen by an ordinary microscope. C. Bacteria are hard to see because they often live together. D. Bacteria are very small so they can only be measured in microns. 42、 Which statement is not true about flagella? A. Flagella are part of bacteria. B. Flagella help bacteria to move. C. Flagella are always going round and round. D. Flagella are like waves. 43、 What is the meaning of "collide" in the second paragraph? A. strike B. connect C. bounce D. mix 44、 Which of the following ways can help people prevent from bacteria? A. Smell and have a careful look at the food. B. Only eat the food stored in refrigerator. C. Ensure the food is totally heated before eating. D. Eat the food before they are thawed. 45、 What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Whether or not to have a nucleus is important in biology. B. The speaker will tell us how to distinguish bacteria tomorrow. C. Evolution will be the main topic of the program next time. D. Eukaryotes develop from prokaryotes. Passage 3 Cotton was not exported to Europe until the eighth century A. D.. It was brought to Spain then by the Moors of North Africa. The Europeans liked this textile and began to make cotton cloth. By the fifteenth century, the cotton industry had spread from Spain to central Europe and the Low Countries. When Columbus arrived in the West Indies, he found the Indians wearing cotton clothes. Pizarro, the Spanish conqueror of Peru, found that the Incas were growing cotton for use in the making of clothes. Magellan found the Brazilians swinging in cotton hammocks. And Cortes was so impressed by the beauty the cotton tapestries and rugs that the Aztecs made, that he sent some of them as presents to King Charles ? of Spain. The Chinese were the first people to make silk clothing, and, for more than 2000 years, they were the only people in the world who knew how to make silk. The Chinese guarded the secret of their silk manufacture carefully. Their merchants grew rich in the silk trade with other Asian countries and Europe. Silk, in fact, was so expensive that it was known as the cloth of kings. During the reign of Emperor Justinian of Constantinople, two Persian monks who lived in China brought silkworms to Europe. In the years that followed, western Europeans learned how to grow silkworms and use the silk from the cocoons. Silk is still one of the most useful textiles in clothing manufacture because of its extremely strong fibers. A thread of silk is two-third as strong as an iron wire of the same size and so smooth that dirt cannot cling to it easily. Two hundred years ago, most of the people of the world had little or no clothing. Clothing was taken care of very carefully and handed down from parents to children. Many people never owned a new garment in their lives, and, except for the rich, no one had more than one outfit of clothes at a time. Primitive man made slices long before he made permanent records on clay tablets or parchment scrolls. For many centuries, the shoemaker was interested only in covering the foot. Although he used fancy leathers and decorated shoes in many ways, he paid little attention to the fit of a shoe. In fact, it was only after 1850 that someone lit upon the idea of making differently-shaped shoes for the left and right foot. 46、 Who introduced silkworms to Europe? A. Two Justinian Monks. B. Two courtiers of Constantinople. C. Two Persian Monks. D. Two Egyptian Priests. 47、 What did Pizarro find the Incas do? A. They used the wool for clothes. B. They swang on cotton hammocks. C. They made beautiful tapestries from cotton. D. They grew cotton for clothes. 48、 When did people begin making shoes for each foot? A. In Roman Times. B. In the Middle Ages. C. In the eighteenth century. D. In the nineteenth century. 49、 Who brought cotton to Europe? A. Spanish. B. Africa. C. North African people. D. The Low Countries. 50、 Why was silk liked by people? A. Because it was strong. B. Because it was cheap. C. Because it was expensive and only nobles could wear clothes made by silk. D. Because it was like iron. Passage 4 "Opinion" is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn't attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most to attach great importance to it. "I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours." and "Everyone's entitled to his opinion." are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another's opinion is likely to be branded intolerant. Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another's opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend "What do you think of the new Ford cars?" And he may reply, "In my opinion, they're ugly." In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it's obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, "It's pointless to argue about matters of taste." But consider this very different use of the term, a newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case. Obviously the justices did not shale their personal preferences; their mere likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment, painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation. Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at, with or without examining the evidence. Is everyone entitled to his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others. 51、 Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the author? A. Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion. B. Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion. C. Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions. D. Casual use of the word "opinion" often brings about quarrels. 52、 According to the author, who of the following would be labeled as intolerant? A. Someone who turns a deaf ear to others' opinions. B. Someone who can't put up with others' tastes. C. Someone who values only their own opinions. D. Someone whose opinion harms other people. 53、 The new Ford cars are cited as an example to show that______. A. it is foolish to criticize a famous brand B. one should not always agree to others' opinions C. personal tastes are not something to be challenged D. it is unwise to express one's likes and dislikes in public 54、 Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that______. A. it is stated by judges in the court B. it reflects public like and dislikes C. it is a result of a lot of controversy D. it is based on careful thought 55、 As indicated in the passage, being free to act on one's opinion______. A. means that one can ignore other people's criticism B. means that one can impose his preferences on others C. doesn't mean that one has the right to do things at will D. doesn't mean that one has the right to charge others without evidence Part B Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. thth In the 16 and 17 centuries, two persons helped lay the foundation of modern education. Comenius, a Czech humanist, greatly influenced both educational and psycho-educational thought. He wrote texts that were based on a developmental theory and in them introduced the use of visual aids in instruction. Media and instructional research, a vital part of contemporary educational psychology, has its origins in the writing and textbook design of Comenius. 56) He recommended that instruction start with the general and then move to the particular and that nothing in books be accepted unless checked by a demonstration to the senses. He taught that understanding, not memory, is the goal of instruction; that we learn best that which we have an opportunity to teach; and that parents have a role to play in the schooling of their children. The contributions of one of our many ancestors often are overlooked, yet Juan Luis Vives wrote very much as a contemporary educational psychologist thmight in the first part of the 16 century. 57) He stated to teachers and others with educational responsibilities, such as those in government and commerce, that there should be an orderly presentation of the facts to be learned, and in this way he anticipated Herbart and the 19th-century psychologists. He noted that what is to be learned must be practiced, and in this way he anticipated Thorndike's Law of Exercise. He wrote on practical knowledge and the need to engage student interest, anticipating Dewey. 58) He wrote about individual differences and about the need to adjust instruction for all students, and anticipated the work of educational and school psychologists in the area of special education. He discussed the schools's role in moral growth, anticipating the work of Dewey, Piaget, Kohlberg, and Gilligan. He wrote about learning being dependent on self-activity, a precursor to contemporary research on meta-cognition, where the ways in which the self monitors its own activties are studied. Finally, 59) Vives anticipated both the contemporary motivational theorists who avoid social comparisons and those researchers who find the harmful elements of norm-referenced testing to outweigh their advantages, by writing about the need for students to be evaluated on the .basis of their own past accomplishments and not in comparison with other students. 60) Thus, long before we claimed our professional identity, there were individuals thinking intelligently about what we would eventually call educational psychology, preparing the way for the scientific study of education. Section ? Writing 61、 Write a composition on the following topic: If you had the time and money to invent something new, what product would you develop? You should write 160--200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 : Section ? Listening Comprehension Part A 1、international [听力原文]1-5 A Nobel Prize is one of the most highly regarded international honors a person can achieve. These prizes were named after Alfred Nobel, a Swedish chemist and inventor. The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, five years after Nobel's death. Many famous people from all over the world have been awarded Nobel Prizes for their achievements. There are five different prizes: three in various sciences, one for literature, and the Peace Prize. But bow did these prizes start? Alfred Nobel was a chemist. He invented dynamite. As a result of his invention, he became a very wealthy man. He used part of his money to invest in oil. He made good investments, and became even richer. Nobel was not a happy man. He never married or had children. Also he was a sick man for the larger part of his life. Nobel died at the age of 63 in 1896. In his last will, he wished his property to be contributed to the establishment of prizes for achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. His wishes had been carried out with his money: the Nobel Foundation gives the prizes. The prizes are awarded by the Nobel Foundation for outstanding contributions in five areas. Each prize has three parts. The first part is a gold medal. Second, a winner of Nobel Prize is given a diploma saying that he has been awarded the prize. The third part of the prize is a large amount of money. 独白第一句即指出:A Nobel Prize is one of the most highly regarded international honors， 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 句与此完全一样，因此只要听清这一句即可作答。 2、1901 本题考查的是时间数字的听音辨音。独自第三句明确交代了第一届诺贝尔奖颁发的时间为 1901年 (诺贝尔去世5年后)，应用阿拉伯数字表达。 3、literature 答案信息对应于独白第五句。本题也可由常识直接得出答案:诺贝尔奖包括3项自然科学奖，1项文 学奖和1项和平奖，共5个奖项。 4、establishment 独白后半部分对于诺贝尔的介绍中有一句:In his last will...to the establishment of prizes for achievements...，即他在遗嘱中希望将自己的财产用于设立这几个奖项。注意拼 写。 5、medal 独自最后四句说明了诺贝尔奖的构成，其中倒数第三句指出:The first part is a gold medal(第 一部分是一块金质奖章)。 Part B 6、independent learners [听力原文]6-10 Some people seem to have a knack for learning language. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules of grammar and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps, we may discover a few of the techniques, which help us learn the language easier. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teachers to explain, they try to find the pattern and rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful language learners are active in learning, therefore they do not wait for a chance to use the language, and they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language, and let those people correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to re- peat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is incorrect or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. Finally successful language learners are learners with purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn it. What kind of language learners are you? 这是一篇讨论成功学习语言的独白。独白首先指出一些人似乎比别人学习语言要快、要轻松，然后分 别说明了他们的三种类型(实际上就是三个方面的技巧)。在独自第二段第一句指出:First of all, successful language learners are independent learners，考生只要听清了这一句就 能作答。考生要注意的是拼写。 7、pattern and rules 本题答案对应于独白第二段第三句话:Instead of...they try to find the pattern and rules for themselves，即这种类型的学习者不会等待老师来讲解，而是自己试图找出语言的模 式和 规则 编码规则下载淘宝规则下载天猫规则下载麻将竞赛规则pdf麻将竞赛规则pdf 。 8、incorrect or incomplete 独白第三段指出的是第二种成功的语言学习者:积极的语言学习者。其中第五句指出:When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is incorrect or incomplete，即这种类型的学习者在交流困难时，可以接受不正确的和不完整的信息。 9、Learn to think 答案对应于独白第三段最后、句:It is more important for them to learn to think...， 题目只是把这一句变成了特殊疑问句。 10、Learners with purpose 独白第四段谈论的是最后一种成功的语言学习者，其中第一句即指出;Finally successful language learners are learners with purpose，有目的的学习者。 Part C 11、D [听力原文]18-20 Millions of Americans take part in adult education programs. Some adults are completing high school, college or graduate school work. They attend classes designed especially for working people on weekends or at night. Other adults take classes by mail or on their computers. For example, the University of Arizona Extended University is one of many colleges now providing such courses. Other adults learn job skills like computer science or woodworking. Still other adult students learn to read or improve their English. Some adult students are not trying to finish their education or learn job skills. Instead, they want to explore new interests. They want to learn to speak a foreign language, play a musical instrument or take good pictures. They attend continuing education programs at a community college or public school. For example, Montgomery College in Rockville, Maryland, offers many classes. They teach adults how to build a house or how to write their memoirs. An agency in the Federal Department of Education supervises public adult education programs. Also, the government offers classes in many subjects for adults through the departments of Agriculture and Defense. So do private companies, labor unions and other organizations. These subjects include the arts, science and business. Adult education classes meet in schools, public libraries and business offices. They also meet in religious centers and shopping centers. Classes in nature sciences and sports often take place outside. 本题需要综合几段材料的内容才能作出判断。独白第一段指出一些成人参加成人教育的目的是完成高 中或大学学业，第二段指出一些人是为了学习工作技能，第三段则说明一些人是为了发展新的兴趣。 只有[D]项在文中没有提及。事实上，如果考生听懂了独白第三段第一句话，作答就会很容易。 12、C 本题与上题类似。独白第一段中提到了亚利桑那大学([B])，第三段提到了蒙哥马利学院 ([A]); 第四段中提到了农业与国防部([D])。只有[C](老年公寓)在文中没有提及。 13、B [A]中的nature science与独白倒数第二、三句不符[B]与独白第一段最后两句的意思一致，是正 确答案[C]与第三段第一句不符;[D]与第四段第一句话的意思不符。 14、A [听力原文] 11-13 M: Sarah, you work in the admissions office, don't you? W: Yes, I've been here for ten years as assistant director. M: Really? What does that involve? W: Well, I'm in charge of all the admissions of postgraduate students in the university. M: Only postgraduates? W: Yes, postgraduates only. I have nothing at all to do with undergraduates. M: Do you find that you get particular-sort of…different national groups? I mean, do you get large numbers from Latin America or… W: Yes. Well, of all the students enrolled last year, nearly half were from overseas. They were from African countries, the Far East, the Middle East, and Latin America. M: Em. But have you been doing just that for the last 10 years, or, have you done other things? W: Well, I've been doing the same job. Er, before that, I was secretary of the medical school at Birmingham, and further back, I worked in the local government. M: Oh, I see. W: So I've done different types of things. M: Yes, indeed. How do you imagine your job might develop in the future? Can you imagine shifting into a different kind of responsibility or doing something… W: Oh, yeah, from October 1, I'll be doing an entirely different job. There's going to be more committee work. I mean, more policy work, and less dealing with students, unfortunately—I'll miss my contact with students. [解析] 细节题。根据“I've been here for ten years as assistant director.”可知 本题答案为A。 15、A [解析] 细节题。根据“…of all the students enrolled last year, nearly half were from overseas.”可知本题答案为A。 16、D [解析] 细节题。根据“I mean, more policy work, and less dealing with students…” 可知本题答案为D。 17、A [听力原文] 11-13 A new study reports the common drug aspirin greatly reduces life threatening problems after an operation to replace blocked blood vessels to the heart. More than 800,000 people around the world have this heart surgery each year. The doctors who carded out the study say giving aspirin to patients soon after the operation could save thousands of lives. People usually take aspirin to control pain and reduce high body temperature. Doctors also advise some people to take aspirin to help prevent heart attacks. About 10— 15 percent of these heart operations end in death or damage to the heart or other organs. The new study shows that even a small amount of aspirin reduced such threats. The doctors said the chance of death for patients who took aspirin would fall by 67%. They claimed this was true if the aspirin was given within 48 hours of the operation. The doctors believe aspirin helps heart surgery patients because it can prevent blood from thickening and blood vessels from being blocked. However, the doctors warned that people who have stomach bleeding or other bad reactions from aspirin should not take it after heart surgery. [解析] 细节题。根据文章第一句可知它可以降低死亡率。所以正确答案为A。 18、D [解析] 细节题。文章讲了通过防止血变黏稠和血管堵塞可以降低生命危险。可知本题答案为D。 19、D [解析] 细节题。根据“…who have stomach bleeding or other bad reactions from aspirin should not take it after heart surgery.”故本题答案为D。 Section ? Use of English 20、D 21、C 22、B 23、A 24、C 25、C 26、A 27、 D 28、B 29、B 30、C 31、A 32、A 33、B 34、 D 35、B 36、C 37、C 38、B 39、A Section ? Reading Comprehension Part A Passage 1 40、A Passage 2 41、D [命题目的] 此题考查考生对文章细节的理解能力。 [解题要点] 根据第一段中第四句“It can only be measured in microns.”可见，细菌 只能以微米来计算，故D项正确。根据该段第六句“One micro is a thousandth of a millimeter, which equals about the diameter of a pinhead.”可见，一微米等于千分之一毫米，一 毫米大约等于针头的直径，即细菌的大小相当于针头直径的千分之一，故A项错误。根据该段第八句 “We barely see bacteria by…”可见，用普通的显微镜是很难看到细菌的。这句话重点在于 “barely”，意为“几乎不”，故B项错误。根据该段第七句和第八句“Therefore, even if we enlarged the rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would only be the size of a pinhead. We barely see bacteria by a magnification an ordinary microscope of 100 times, even if we try, we cannot make out anything of their structure.” 可知，我们看不到细菌是因为细菌太小，并不是因为它们经常簇拥在一起，C项错误，故正确答案为 D选项。 42、A [命题目的] 此题考查考生对文章细节的理解能力。 [解题要点] 根据第二段第一句中“some bacteria have attached to wavy-looking 'hairs' called flagella”可见，细菌是附着在鞭毛上的，鞭 毛并不是细菌内部的组成部分，A项不符合文意。根据该句中“wavy-looking hairs”可见鞭毛的外表呈波浪状，D项正确。根据第二段第 二句“The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water.”可见，鞭毛可以推动细菌在水中行进，B项正确。根据该句的前半句可知，鞭毛的运动方式是旋转式的，C项正确。故正确答案为A选项。 43、A [命题目的] 此题考查考生对词义的推断能力。 [解题要点] 根据第二段第四句“Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them.”可知，细菌是如此微小，以至于周围化学分子的活动会对它们产生影响。以及本段最后一句中“They are pushed here and there…with the watery molecules.”可以推断出，细菌之所以弹往各个方向，是因为受到了水分子的“撞击”，故正确答案为A选项。 44、C [命题目的] 此题考查考生对细节的理解能力。 [解题要点] 根据文章第三段第一句“Bacteria cannot be detected because they don't produce bad odor or change the color…”可见，食物有 没有细菌，只靠看或者是嗅是没有用的。A错误。根据本段第四句 “Of course, freezing food slows or stops the growth of bacteria…”可见，冰箱里的食物其实也不一定安全，因为把食品冷冻可以放慢或使细菌停止生长，但不会彻底消灭细菌。B错误。根据本段倒数第四句 “Bacteria can not be totally destroyed…before the food is thoroughly cookde”可以看出，除非食物彻底煮熟，细菌才有可能被破坏。所以C项正确。D项意为“在食物解冻之前吃”，根据常识，此项不合逻辑。故正确答案为C选项。 45、C [命题目的] 此题考查考生对文章的推理能力。 [解题要点] 根据最后一段第二句It may…“but with or without a nucleus is not trivial at all.”以及第三句“The division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes…is of extreme importance in biology(”可见，是否有细 胞核这种区分对于生物学是很重要的，A项直接体现了文意，而小是推断出来的，故不选。根据该段倒数第二句“The division between prokaryotes…and is the result of a major evolutionary breakthrough(”可以推断出，明天的节目很可能会接着讨论进化问题，D项原文没有涉及，故正确答案为C选项。 Passage 3 46、C ,,,!,, ,?,?` ?,,,•, 47、D [解析] 见文章第二段第二句:Pizarro发现印加人种棉花，做衣服。 48、D [解析] 见文章最后一句，1850年即19世纪。 49、C [解析] 见文章第二句，棉花是在18世纪由非洲北部的摩尔人带到西班牙的。 50、A [解析] 见文章第四段，因为蚕丝有非常结实的纤维，所以直到现在它还是很有用的纺织原料。 Passage 4 51、A [解析] 细节题。文章最后一段第一句就告诉我们作者认为人人都有坚持己见的权利，而且应得到保障。故应选A。 52、B [解析] 语义理解题。文章第一段最后一句说:谁若质疑他人的看法就很可能会被认为“不能容人”。由此可知道应选B。 53、C [解析] 理解题。举这个例子是为了说明:“争论个人喜好毫无意义。”也就是不要质疑别人的个人好恶。故应选C。 54、D [解析] 细节题。文章第三段举例说明了谨慎的判断是建立在深思熟虑的基础上的，这也是它与个人好恶的区别。所以应选D。 55、A [解析] 语义理解题。文章最后一段指出，坚持己见就是不顾别人的看法按自己的意志行事。所以应选A。 Part B 56、他 建议 关于小区增设电动车充电建议给教师的建议PDF智慧城市建议书pdf给教师的36条建议下载税则修订调整建议表下载 教导应该从一般到个别，只有在被 证明 住所证明下载场所使用证明下载诊断证明下载住所证明下载爱问住所证明下载爱问 有意义的情况下，课本上的内容才可以接受。 57、他要求老师以及其他一些比如在政府部门或商业机构工作的有教育责任的人，向学生有序地展示他们要学的内容。 58、他提出了个体差异以及有必要根据学生的整体水平去调整教导方式，并且在特殊教育的领域超前于一些教育心理学家和学校心理专家。 59、维维斯也超前于同时代那些避免社会比较的动机理论家以及那些认为常模测试的缺点大于优点的专家。 60、因此，早在我们声明我们的专业身份之前，已经有一些个人很有智慧地思考了我们最终会称之为教育心理学的内容，为教育的科学研究铺设了道路。 Section ? Writing (略) 61、