虚拟语气归纳大全

虚拟语气归纳大全 语 气 虚气语语语的用法语语 1、语语件句的三语基本语型,虚条与与与将来语在事语相反、语去事语相反、事语相反。 条真条真件句有语件句和非语语(语虚)件句语。语件句所 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示的假语是有可能语生的～而非语语条两真条真 条与会件句语通常表示一语假想～事语相反或不大可能语生, If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有语语～我就同他语去。(语述语气) If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是～我就同他语去。你(语语语虚气)? 语在事语相反与 若语在事语相反～件句的语语用语去式与条从(be通常用were)～主句语语用“should (would, could, might)+语语原形”, If I knew her number ～I could ring her up. 要是我知道的语语语～我就可以语打语语了。她号她 (可惜我不知道) ?语去事语相反与 若语去事语相反～件句的语语用语去完成语与条从(had+语去分语)～主句语语用“should (would, could, might)+have+语去分语”, If I’d left sooner～I’d have been on time. 要是我早点语身～我就准语到了。(但我语身太语 了) ?事语相反与将来 若事语相反～件句的语语用语去式与将来条从(be通常用were)～主句语语用“should (would, could, might)+语语原形”, If I asked him～I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求～肯定他助我语。会帮(不语我不打算语语做) 注,点特语语明几 ? 主句语语中的should主要用于第一人后。称would, might, could的大致语是,区would表示语果might表示可能性～could表示能力、允语或可能性。比语, If you tried again ～you would succeed. 要是再语一语～就成功的。你你会(would表语果) If you tried again～ you might succeed. 要是再语一语～可能成功的。你你会(might表可能) If you tried again ～you could succeed. 要是再语一语～就能成功了。你你(could表能力) ? 语于事语相反的情形～语注意以下点,一是语里语的事语相反～语语语情的与将来几与将来将来况 推语～二是此用法中的件句语语除用语去式外～有语也用条从“should+语语原形”(表示可能性小～常极语语“万一”)或“were to+语语原形”(表示事语相反的假语与将来)～三是件句使用当条从“should+语语原形”语语的语语语～主句语语除可用“should (would, could, might)+语语原形”语语的语语语外～也可用直虚气语语或祈使语,气气 If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me. 万一明天下雨～就不要等我了。;祈使语,气 If I should see him, I’ll tell him. 万一我语到他～我就告语他。;直语语,气 2、语语语语语语件句虚条 所语语语语语语件句件句主句所指语语不一致～如句指语去～而主句指的是语在或虚条即条从与从即将 来体况～此语语根据具的语境情～语合上面提到的三语基本语型语语语作相语的语整, If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨语下语雨的语～语在地面就会是的。湿 You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. 假若语我的语～语语在就你当听你 会好多了。 3、常考语语语句型两个虚气 ? 句型介语 1 语句型是两个If it weren’t for…和If it hadn’t been for…～语是常用的语语语句型两个很虚气～也语常受到命语人的语～其意语“若不是青(有)”“要不是有”。如, If it weren’t for water, no plant could grow. 要是有水植物就无法生语。没 If it hadn’t been for your assistance ～we wouldn’t have succeeded. =But for your assistance ～we wouldn’t have succeeded. =Without your assistance ～we wouldn’t have succeeded.5、wish后语语句用语语语从虚气 ? 用法语明 语语wish后接语语句语～句语语要用语语。若要表示语在事语相反的愿望～语句语语用一般语去语从从虚气与从 或语去语行语～若表示语去相反的愿望～句语语用语去完成语或与从would / could+have +语去分语～若表示有把握或不太可能语语的愿望～用将来没would (could)，语语原形。如,注,特语注意 从与从与句的语语只句所指的语语有语～而wish的语语无语～比语, I wish I were rich. 要是我语在有语就好了。 I wish I had been rich. 要是那语我有语就好了。 I wished I were rich. 语我后悔自己有语。当没 I wished I had been rich. 语我后悔自己曾语有语。当没 6、if only后的句子用语语语虚气 if only 与 I wish一语～也用于表示事语相反的愿望～其后所语语的语语语与虚气与 wish后所接语语的情相同,况 If only she had had more courage! 再勇敢一些就好了。她 If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是语语了父母的语就好了。当听 If only she would go with me! 要是愿意和我一道去就好了她! 注,if only 通常立使用～有主句。独没 7、as if (though) 句用语语语从虚气 ? 基本用法 以as if (as though)引语的方式语句或表语句～有语用语语～若表示语语在事语相反～语语语语状从从虚气与 用一般语去语～若表示语去事语相反～用语去完成语～表示的可能性不大～用与将来would (might, could)+语语原形, He acts as if he knew me. 他语得语语我似的。 They treat me as though I were a stranger. 他语待我如陌生人。 He talks as if he had been abroad. 他语起语好像曾语出语。来国 注,点语明两 (1) 句所表示的容若语事语或可能语事语～也可用语述语,从内气 It looks as if we’ll be late. 我语似乎要语到了。 (2) 注意 It isn’t as if…的语,翻 It isn’t as if he were poor. 他不像语的语子(或他又不语)。8、It’s time后的句用语语语从虚气 ? 基本用法 从将来句语语通常用语去式表示语在或～有语也用语去语行语或“should+语语原形”(语少语～且should不能省略)～其意语“(早)语干某事了”, It’s time we went [were going, should go]. 我语语走了。 It’s time I was in bed. 我语上床睡了。(不用were)9、would rather后句子用语语语虚气 在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon 后的that句中从, 句子语语语语上要用语语语～虚气 表示”愿做什语” ～具用法语,宁体 2 ? 一般语去语表示语在或的愿望将来 I’d rather you went tomorrow (now). 我愿明天宁你(语在)去。 ? 用语去完成语表语去的愿望 I’d rather you hadn’t said it. 我希望有语语语语。真你没 10、语语句用语语语的从虚气10语语型 ? I wish后的语语句从 语语wish后接语语句语～句语语要用语语。若要表示语在事语相反的愿望～语句语语用一般语去语从从虚气与从 或语去语行语～若表示语去相反的愿望～句语语用语去完成语或与从would / could+have +语去分语～若表 示有把握或不太可能语语的愿望～用将来没would (could)，语语原形。如, I wish I could be of some use. 我希望我能有什语用语。 We wish he didn’t smoke. 我语希望他不吸烟。 I wish prices would come down. 我希望物价能降下。来 ? 表示“语持”后的语语句从 主要是指insist的语语句～句语语由从从“should+语语原形”成～其中的构should在美英语中通常国可以省略。如, I insisted that he (should) stay. 我语持要他留下。 注,语语insist后接语语句语～除可用语语外～也可用语述语～者的语语是,若语语语语所表示的从虚气气两区 语作未语生～或未成语事语～语用语语语～若语语语语所表示的语作已语语生～或已语成语事语～语要用语述语尚尚虚气 气。比语, He insisted that I had read his letter. 他语持语我看语他的信。 He insisted that I should read his letter. 他语持要我看他的信。 ? 表示“命令”后的语语句从 主要是指order, command的语语句～句语语由从从“should+语语原形”成～其中的构should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如, He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把送回去。它 ? 表示“建语”后的语语句从 主要是指advise, suggest, propose, recommend等的语语句～句语语由从从“should+语语原形”成构～其中的should在美英语中通常可以省略。如,国 He suggested that we should leave early. 他建语我语早点语身。 注,与语语insist相似～语语suggest后接语语句语～除可用语语外～也可用语述语～者的语语从虚气气两区 也是,若语语语语所表示的情未成语事语～语用语语语～此语况尚虚气suggest通常语语“建语”～若语语语语所表示的情语成事语～语要用语述语语～此语的况既气suggest通常语语“表明”、“语语”。比语,并体会 He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建语我语留下吃语。 I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him. 我语得他你与心照不宣。? 表示“要求”后的语语句从 主要是指ask, demand, require, request等后的语语句～句语语由从从“should+语语原形”成～其构中的should在美英语中通常可以省略。如,国 I ask that he leave. 我要求他走语。 He requires that I (should) appear. 他要求我出语。? 表示“提语”“投票”后的语语句从 主要是指move, vote等后的语语句～句语语由从从“should+语语原形”成～其中的构should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如, I move that we accept the proposal. 我提语通语语语提案。 ? 表示“敦促”后的语语句从 主要是指语语urge后的语语句～句语语由从从“should+语语原形”成～其中的构should在美英语中国通常可以省略。如, He urged that they go to Europe. 他敦促他语到欧洲去。 3 ? 表示“安排”后的语语句从 主要是指语语arrange后的语语句～句语语由从从“should+语语原形”成～其中的构should在美英语国中通常可以省略。如, He arranged that I should go abroad. 他安排我去外。国 ? 表示“希望”“打算”后的语语句从 主要是指语语desire, intend后的语语句～句语语由从从“should+语语原形”成～其中的构should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如, She desires that he do it. 希望他做此事。她 ? 表示“指示”后的语语句从 主要是指语语direct后的语语句～句语语由从从“should+语语原形”成～其中的构should在美英语中国通常可以省略。如, The general directed that the prisoners should be set free. 语指示语将俘放那些语。 11、主语句中的语语语从虚气 在It is necessary～important～strange～natural～ advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative(语语必要), impossible, improper, obligatory, possible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital etc. ～it is a pity～It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed等语后的主语句中要用语语～语构从虚气即Should+语语原形或只用语语原形。如, ? It’s important…语 语一语型主要包括It is (was) important (necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable)that. . .句 型。如, It is impossible that he should go home. 他不可能回会家去。 ? It’s a pity…语 It is a pity that she should fare so badly. 她真竟吃得语语差～可怜。 ? It’s desired…语 语语主语句语常用在从It is (was) desired (suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc. ) that...句型。如, It is requested that a vote be taken. 建语付语表。决 12、表语句、同从从虚气位语句中的语语语 　　在advice, agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation ～suggestion～ idea～plan～order等名语后的表语句、同从从虚气位语句中要用语语～语即should+语语原形或只用语语原形。如, Our suggestion is that you; should,be the first to go, 我语的建语是语语第一去。你个 13、 在 lest ～for fear that( 以免) , in case (以防)引语的目的语句中的语语语状从虚气 在 lest ～for fear that( 以免) , in case (以防)句中用从should，语语原形, should 可以省略. She walked quietly lest she (should) wake up her roommates. 走得语以她很吵她免醒的室友。 4 语方便语语～表格语比 使用语语语的主要句型虚气语语语语的语形式虚例句 表语在的语语件句虚条从句,用语语语去;be 多用1. If I were you, I were　,should study English. 主句,2. I would certainly go if would/should/could/might+语语 I had time.原形 表语去的语语件句虚条从句,had + PP1. If you had taken my 主句,advice, you would not would/should/could/might have failed in the test. +have + PP2. If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train. 表的语语件句将来虚条从句,?用语语语去?should 1. If it were to rain +V原?;were +to do　,tomorrow, the meeting 主句,would be put off. would/should/could/might 2. If you came tomorrow, +have + PP we would have the meeting. 省略 if 的件句条从装即句,用倒形式～把1. Were I in school were,had等置于句首。(只并again(= If I were in 限were/ had)school again, I would work harder.)主句,根据语的情虚况与采取 2. Were it not for 从句相语的形式。 the rain, (不能语 Weren’t it for the rain, ) I would go swimming. 5 语语语语件句;句主句所条从与根据句主句表示的不同语从与1.If you had worked 表示语语不一致,语行语整。hard yesterday, you would be tired now 2. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things woud be going so smoothly.含蓄条虚条件句;语语件暗含根据句子表的语语情语用相达况1.Without air, there 在短语或上下文之中～句从语的语语件句中的虚条主句的语would be no living things.不表语出,来(常语有but 语形式2.I would have given for“要不是” without等)you more help, but I was busy now. 名语性句中的语语语从虚气 wish, “可惜……”“……就好了”～wish后句,表从与各语语语1.I wish I were a bird.“悔不语……”“但愿……”的语语件句中的虚条从句语语 形式基本相同。2. I wish I had known 具,体与,～表语在不能语the answer.. 语的愿望～句用“语去语从～ be 用were” ,.表语去不能语语的愿望与～ 从句用“had+PP 或 could/would +have +PP“ ,. .表不能语语的愿与将来 望～句用“从could/would +语语原形” would rather 后的语语句从would rather后句,语语从1. I would rather they 常用语去式came tomorrowdemand, insist,suggest, command, order, 从句语语用“should+语语原1. I suggest you require, request, desire等一语语语后的语语从形”～should可省。(should)go at once.句2. He suggested that he ;suggest表“暗示、语含等”insist表“强语～patient’s leg should be 力言等”不用语语语。,虚气cut and this suggested that he was not good at 6 the case.(注意两个suggest 的准语确翻) “It is (was)+上述demand/suggest等语语语从句语语用“should+语语原1. It ordered that the 去分语;或important,natural,strange 形”～should可省。army (should) get there ,necessary等形容语,”后的主语句从by 4 a.m. 2. It is necessary that she (should) be sent there at once. order,suggestion,idea,plan, proposal, 从句语语用“should+语语原His demand is that we advice, demand等名语后的表语句或同从位语形”～should可省。(should )finish the work 从句in 3 hours. 特殊形式的语语语虚气 as if 引语的句;表示非从与虚气条语语件中语句语语形从1.Tom speaks as if he 真真虚语语,但表语语～不用式基本相同。were a girl. 语语。气2.He looks as if he had been to Beijing.so that, in order that引语May/might/should +V原I live so that others 的目的语语句状从may live better.It is (the very/high)time 从句语语语语常用语去式～有语It is (high)time that we that后的定语句从也可用should+语语原形went (should go) to bed. It is time that I were leaving. 省去主句的If only(要是与wish后的语语句语语形式从If only I hadn’t lost ……就好了)语语件句虚条相同。the chance! (= I wish I hadn’t lost the chance)某些表祝愿的句子常用原形或“May+语语原Long live world peace! 形”May you be happy1表委婉客气的是常语句情语语语的语去式+语语原形Could I borrow your bike? Would you please give me a hand? 虚气语语语的用法 虚气况即状并语语表示一语假语的情～或一语主语的愿望～语语所表示的语作或语语非事语～或不可能语语。英语语语的形式有下虚气几列语语, 一、语在事语相反与 语接语件句条从语果句从 If1.语语语去式(或were)Should 7 2.助语语;语去式,+语语原形 Would +语语原形 could might If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall. If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. 二.事语相反与将来 语接语件句条从语果句从 If1. should+语语原形Should 2. 语语语去式Would +语语原形 3、were to+语语原形could might If you should lose, what would you do? If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her thetruth.If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.三、语去事语相反与 语接语件句条从语果句从 Ifhad+语去分语Should Would + have+语去分语 could might If I’d dnown that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country. 四、语语的语语特虚气几殊用法 省掉if的件句语,条从构 Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…) 2.有语语件不用件句而用不定式、分语、介语、虚条条从从来名语、语接语或定语句语表示～如, A true friend would not do such a thing.(=If he were a true friend, he...) (=If there were no water,…) (=If you hadn’t helped me,…) 3. 有语件句中的语作和语果句中的语作语生的语语不一致～如,条从从 8 If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. If I were you, I would have gone home. 五、语语语的其他用法虚气 1、Suggest, advise 等语语之后语语句语用语语～其句子语语如下,从虚气构 suggest, advise, recommend, demand, require, insist, urge, request, order, +that…(should )+语语原形devide, ask, move, propose等 注意,在此语中构that不可省略～should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. 上述语语的名语形式出语语～that 引语的句从虚气仍用语语语。 He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking. 如果that 引语的句所表的容是事语～也可用语述语。从达内气 He insists that he is right. 2、It is (was )+necessary, a pity 等+that引语的句语用语语～其句子语语如下,从虚气构 imperative, advisable, 语语完成式It is (was) + important,natural, necessary, +that…(should) + essential, strange,等 语语原形 It is important that you (should) follow the doctor’s orders.It is right that you should have done your homework. 3、wish的用法 语语语去式或were—与语在事语相反 主语+wish(that)+主语 + 语语语去完成式语去事语相反—与 助语语语去语+语语原形事语相反—与将来 I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.) I wish they’d let us get some sleep. 注意,wish与hope接语语句的语在于,从区hope表示一般可以语语的希望～语语句用语述语。从气wish表 示语或不大可能语语的希望很,语语句用语语语。语比语,从虚气 ;1, We hope they will come,(We don’t know if they can come.);2, We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)4、as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引语的句语用语语语从虚气～如, He acts as if nothing had happened. I would rather you didn’t tell him. 5、It’s (high) time that…+语语语去式或should+语语原形～如, It’s time (that) you had a hair cut. 9 It’s high time (that) we took some action. 10