小学生生活小常识（Elementary school life tips）

小学 小学生如何制作手抄报课件柳垭小学关于三违自查自纠报告小学英语获奖优质说课课件小学足球课教案全集小学语文新课程标准测试题 生生活小常识（Elementary school life tips） 小学生生活小常识(Elementary school life tips) How to prevent burns? Burns are a common occurrence in your life. In family life, the most common is scalded by hot water, hot oil and so on. How to prevent burns? 1. when moving a kettle and a hot oil pan from the fire, wear gloves and a cloth lining to prevent direct burns. The kettle and hot pan are placed where it is not easy to touch. 2. parents in cooking, fried food, don't play around, excuse me, in order to prevent spilled oil burn; older students in learning to cook, to concentrate, don't put the water into the hot oil, hot oil or water will splash up to burn. 3., oil is flammable, burning at high temperatures, cooking to prevent oil temperature is too high and fire. Ten thousand a pot of oil on fire, do not panic, you should cover the pot as soon as possible, and the pan quickly removed from the fire or put out the fire. 4. electric irons, electric heaters and other heating appliances will burn people, in use should be particularly careful, especially not to touch. How to use electricity safely? With the improvement of living standard, more and more electricity is used in our daily life. Therefore, it is necessary for us to master the following basic safety uses Common sense: L. understand the power master switch and learn to disconnect the main power supply in an emergency. 2. do not hand or conductive material (such as iron wire, nails, pins and other metal products) to contact, the internal heuristic power socket. 3. do not touch the electric appliance without wet hands, and wipe the appliance without a damp cloth. 4. electrical appliances after use should unplug the power plug; the plug do not force pulling wire, insulation layer to prevent damage to electric wires; insulated wire skin peeling off, it must be replaced with new or wrapped with insulation tape. 5. to find someone to try to turn off the power to electric shock; or use dry sticks and other objects will be separated from the electric shock and electric appliances, not to direct rescue by hand; young students encounter this kind of situation, should shout adults help, not their own treatment, to prevent electric shock. 6. optional disassembly, installation of power lines, sockets, plugs, etc.. Even if the installation of light bulbs and other simple things, but also to turn off the power supply, and under the guidance of parents. How to safely use electrical appliances? Nowadays, household appliances such as TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines, electric irons, hair dryers and electric fans are becoming more and more popular with families. The use of household appliances, in addition to attention should be paid to the safety of electricity, but also pay attention to the following points: 1., all kinds of household appliances use different, different methods of use, and some are more complex. General household appliances should be used under the guidance of parents, and the more dangerous appliances should not be used by themselves. 2., the use of electrical appliances found in smoke, sparks, coke burning smell and so on, should immediately turn off the power switch, stop using. The heat emitted 3. electric blower, electric cookers, electric irons, electric heater and other electrical appliances in use, they should be far away from the paper, cotton and other flammable materials to prevent fire; at the same time, when used to avoid scald. 4., to avoid damp environment (such as bathroom) under the use of electrical appliances, but also can not make electrical equipment wet and damp, this will not only damage the electrical apparatus, but also the risk of electric shock. Fan, washing machine 5. electric fan of the dewatering cylinder is rotating at work, not with hands or other objects to touch, to prevent injury. 6., in case of thunderstorms, stop using the TV set and unplug the outdoor antenna plug to prevent lightning strikes. 7., long-term use of electrical equipment, easy to damp, corrosion and damage, re use before you need to carefully check. 8., buy household appliances, we must choose reliable quality of qualified products. In the living room activities should be how to pay attention to safety? Indoor activities at home, there are many small things that seem to be worth the attention of students, otherwise, it is also prone to danger. This is mainly in the following aspects: L. anti bump. At present, most of the family living room space is narrow, and placed a lot of furniture and other supplies, so should not be in the bedroom of the chase, slapstick, do strenuous exercise and games, prevent collision injury. 2., anti slip, anti wrestling. Bedroom floor is relatively smooth, should pay attention to prevent slipping injury; need to climb, clean, take and put things, please ask others to protect, pay attention to prevent falls. 3. prevent falling. Live in the building, especially in high-rise buildings, don't lean out of the window or balcony, beware of the risk of falls occurred inadvertently. 4. anti extrusion. The door, window, furniture door, drawer and so on are easy to cover, and should be taken care of everywhere. 5. fire prevention. There are many flammable items in the room, such as wooden furniture, bedding, curtains, books and so on. Therefore, we must pay attention to fire prevention. Don't play with fire in the living room, nor can you set off firecrackers in the room. 6. accident prevention and damage prevention. A screwdriver, knives, scissors and other tools sharp, sharp, pins, pins and other stationery, after should be properly stored, can not put it on the bed, chair, prevent someone by accident. What about burns? Life burns, you can take the following measures: L. mild burns with slight redness and swelling can be repeated with cold water and then coated with some cooling oil. 2. burns has small blisters, don't break it, can be alcohol in blisters around rubbed with a clean gauze bandage. 3. severe burns, should be sent to hospital for treatment. 4. burn area is large, should be removed as soon as possible, but not underwear and socks, forcibly ripped, when necessary to cut clothing; scalds, should pay special attention to the burn site clean, can not with topical drugs or substitutes, prevent infection, increase the difficulty to the hospital treatment. The correct way is to remove the patient's clothes and then wrap them with clean towels or sheets. What about trauma? Suffer trauma, more serious, need to send a hospital to diagnose and treat. Minor ones can be dealt with in the following manner: 1., the wound and bleeding, need to clean the wound, and wipe coated disinfection, anti-inflammatory external use of drugs, such as anti-inflammatory powder, red syrup, band aid and so on. Also note: keep the wound dry and warm; can eat egg, meat, beans, milk protein content of the food; appropriate vitamin C or eat more fresh vegetables and fruits; reasonable dressing, keep clean. Doing so is good for the healing of the wound. 2. muscle, joints, ligaments and other sprains, can not immediately massage or hot compress, so as not to aggravate subcutaneous bleeding, swelling swelling. Activities should be stopped immediately to allow sufficient rest of the injured area and to cool or soak in cold water. After 24 hours to 48 hours, the subcutaneous bleeding stopped, and then use hot compress to promote the dissipation of blood stasis and eliminate swelling. What should I pay attention to during the class break? During the daily tense study, the activities during the break can relax, adjust and take proper rest. During the activities, we should pay attention to the following aspects: L. outdoor air is fresh, and the exercises should be outdoors as far as possible, but don't stay away from the classroom so as not to delay the following courses. 2., the intensity of the activities should be appropriate, do not do strenuous activities, so as to ensure the continued class without fatigue, concentration and spirit. 3. way is simple, such as doing exercises etc.. 4., activities should pay attention to safety, to avoid sprains, bruises and other dangers. How is the game guaranteed? The game is an important part of the students' lives, and the concept of safety should be established in the game: 1., pay attention to choosing a safe place. To stay away from the highway, railway, construction, factory production area; do not enter the cellar hole, air defense facilities; to avoid the transformer, high voltage wire; don't climb the roof, walls, towers, poles; not near the deep lake (Lake, river, pit), wells, latrines, biogas pool etc.. These places are very prone to dangerous, careless, it will cause casualties. 2., choose safe games to do. Don't make the danger of strong game, dangerous scene not to imitate movies, TV, such as picking by vehicles, climb high buildings, with a knife and stick fighting each other, usually, throwing lit tree paper etc.. The risk of doing so is great and can easily lead to unforeseen consequences. 3. choose the right time for the game. The game shouldn't last long. In this way, it is easy to be overtired and the possibility of accidents will be greatly increased. It is best not to play at night, dark, poor line of sight, people's ability to respond has been reduced. Prone to danger. What safety matters should we pay attention to in physical education? Physical education in primary and secondary schools is an important course to exercise and enhance the physique. The training content in PE class is varied, so the matters needing attention in safety are different because of the content of training and the equipment used. 1., sprint and other items should be in accordance with the provisions of the runway, can not be included in the runway. This is not only a requirement for competition, but also a guarantee of safety. Especially when the sprint to the finish line, but also to comply with the rules, because at this time the body's momentum is great, the energy is concentrated in the competition, there is no alert on the mind, once tripped, you may be seriously injured. 2., long jump, must strictly according to teacher's instruction run-up, take off. Before take-off, the front foot should step on the wooden springboard, and then fall into the sand pit after take-off. This is not only the technical gist of long jump training, but also the necessary measure to protect the body. 3. in throwing training, such as a grenade, shot, discus, javelin, must be carried out, according to the teacher's password Every order is executed without fail. can not have the slightest careless. Some of these sports equipment are hard and heavy, and some end with a sharp metal head, if you are good at yourself, you may hit others or yourself hit, causing injury, and even life-threatening. 4. in the single, parallel bars and vault training, equipment below must be ready to meet the requirements of the cushion thickness, if jump directly to the hard ground, will hurt the joints or the back of the leg. Single, parallel bars movements, to take various effective methods, not to slip hands grip bars, to avoid falling down from the bar, so that the body is injured. 5. in the vault, such as horse leap training, in front of the instrument to have a springboard to have equipment protection pad, while teachers and students standing beside the equipment protection. Before and after the 6. roll, push ups, sit ups and other matwork project, do the movements to be serious, not slapstick, in order to avoid sprains. 7. participate in basketball, football and other sports training, to learn how to protect themselves, but also do not act recklessly in the struggle and hurt others. In these competitive sports, it is important for us to obey the rules of competition consciously. What should I pay attention to in the sports meeting? Hands and feet frozen stiff, what should I do? In cold winter outings, it is often cold and stiff. Frozen hands and feet must not be roasted on the fire or soaked in hot water, which can cause frostbite or even ulceration. So what's the right way to do that? 1., should go back to the warm environment, so that frozen parts of the temperature slowly picked up. 2., if in the field, should try to use coats and other hands and feet wrapped up, but also can help each other by the temperature of frozen hands and feet warm. 3., the most effective way is to rub it by hand, increase the temperature by friction, and promote their blood circulation, so as to restore normal. What about a snake bite? Snakes have fangs and venom glands, mostly triangular head, the neck is fine, the tail is short and thick, color is bright, long teeth. Bitten by a venomous snake, it can be found on the affected part of 2 or 4 large and deep teeth marks, local pain. Bitten by a nonvenomous snake, there are usually two rows of "eight" - shaped teeth. Small and shallow, neat, no obvious pain. Uncertain at the moment, Should be treated by snakebite. 1. immediately place the self-help and mutual aid, do not panic, run, that will accelerate the absorption of toxins and diffusion. 2. immediately with a belt, cloth, rope, etc. a handkerchief at a distance of 3-5 cm. The wound was bound to slow the spread of toxin, speed. Every 20 minutes to relax for 2-3 minutes, in order to avoid limb ischemic necrosis. 3. rinse the wound, washed with saline liquid or Potassium Permanganate better. At this point, if the toxic tooth residue is found, it must be extracted. 4. after washing the wound, with a sterile or clean blade, connecting two fangs mark "ten" shape incision incision as the center, should not be too deep, just cut to the subcutaneous can make to discharge the poison. 5. conditions, can use cupping or breast suction aspiration repeatedly wound, will suck out the poison. You can also use your mouth when you are in an emergency, but the person you smoke must have no broken mouth. Rinse your mouth thoroughly after spitting out the poison. After the suction, you should warm the wound so that the venom continues to flow out. 6. light matches, burn wounds, and destroy snake venoms. 7. kinds of snake bite to eat as soon as possible, 24 hours after the medication is invalid. At the same time, you can use warm water or saliva to adjust the tablets into a paste, painted around 2 cm around the wound, do not bandage the wound. 8., after treatment, immediately sent to a nearby hospital. What about a dog bite? Bitten by a dog is more dangerous to people, because the dog's teeth grow all kinds of bacteria and viruses, it is easy to invade the human body through the wound, causing disease, and even cause cold death. If it is bitten by a rabid dog, rabies can also be caused by rabies virus, and the mortality rate of rabies is very high. Therefore, a dog bite must not be underestimated, and emergency measures must be taken: 1., it is difficult to tell if a dog bites a dog in general, so once bitten by a dog, it should be treated by a mad dog bite. 2. after being bitten by a dog, it is necessary to immediately deal with the wound, first of all in the wound above the tourniquet (can be used handkerchiefs, ropes and other substitutes) to prevent or reduce the virus flowing into the body with the blood. 3. quickly clean the wound with clean water or soapy water, and thoroughly clean the wound. Don't bandage the wound. 4. rushed to the hospital for medical treatment and injected rabies vaccine and Tetanus Antitoxin within 24 hours. Fracture, how to do? A fracture of the bones of a human body, or a complete fracture. Most fractures are caused by a strong impact. After the fracture occurs, the fracture site has pain, accompanied by swelling, blood stasis and deformation. The activity of the person is limited and can not bear weight, and severe bleeding, shock, infection and visceral damage can also occur. How should the emergency treatment be performed for a fracture? 1., so that patients supine, do not blindly move patients, but also can not pull and massage the injured parts. 2. check the injured area, timely local branches, wood, sticks and other selected, fixed to the injured site to prevent injury aggravated. 3. when the object is not used for fixing, the injured upper limb can be suspended and fixed on the chest by handkerchief, cloth, etc., and the lower limb can be tied together with the uninjured lower limb. 4. open fractures (i.e. fracture limb skin or mucous membrane rupture, bone exposure) to keep the wound clean and prevent infection. 5., after the emergency treatment, immediately rushed to hospital for treatment, should pay attention to the road, not collision parts. Avoid artificially aggravating injuries. What about bleeding? The students hurt their bodies while playing, and they often bleed. Especially the nose is most likely to bleed. In these circumstances, the following measures should be taken: 1. limbs or fingers bleeding, should immediately use a clean gauze or a wide clean cloth, wound tightly bandaged, if the condition, the best sprinkle some Yunnan Baiyao, wound again bandaged. 2., if it is bleeding nose, you can hold your head up and press the nose of the bleeding side with your fingers until it does not bleed. If you have clean tampons, It is best to wear a raincoat, poncho, not a hand holding an umbrella, walking to riding a. 3. snow bike, bicycle tire not enough, this can increase the friction with the ground, not easy to slip. 4. snow bike, should maintain a greater distance with the front of the vehicle and pedestrian. 5. snow bike, to choose non frozen snow, shallow flat surface, do not pinch Meng brakes, not sharp turn, bend angle should be larger. 6. rain and snow weather. The roads are muddy and slippery, cycling more energy, ready to cope with unexpected situations, and riding more slowly than normal weather. What should we pay attention to when taking a motor vehicle? Motor vehicles, trams and other motor vehicles are the most common means of transportation. In order to ensure safety, we should pay attention to the following points: 1., take public steam (electric) car, to line up waiting, in order to get on the train, not crowded. On and off should be waiting for the car stopped after the first down, not to fight for. 2., do not put gasoline, firecrackers and other flammable and explosive dangerous goods into the car. 3. do not pull your hands, arms and arms out of the window when you are in the car so as not to be scratched by oncoming cars or roadside trees. Do not litter the window so as not to hurt others. To sit tight 4. good car, no seat, feet separated from nature, side stand, hands should hold the handrail, lest the vehicle braking when fall injury. 5. when riding a sedan or minibus, you should fasten your seat belt when riding in the front row. 6. avoid taking trucks or tractors as much as possible. Never stand in the back compartment or sit on the board when you have to travel. 7. don't ask for a taxi in the driveway. fire safety People can't live without fire. However, if the fire is improperly used or managed badly, fire will happen, which will seriously threaten people's lives and cause great losses to the lives and property of the people and the construction and development of the country. Fire safety is very important, fire protection work includes two aspects: first, fire prevention; two, fire fighting. In this regard, the students should have some understanding, and have some basic knowledge. Fire prevention should pay attention to what? There are many measures to prevent fire. Students should start with small things in daily life: L. doesn't play with fire. Some students feel strange about the fire, often carrying parents and teachers to play games with fire, which is very dangerous. When playing with fire, once the fire spread or leave behind the fire, it is easy to cause fire. 2. no smoking. Smoking is harmful to the health of the people, and it is easy to cause fire. We must abide by the students' regulations and the rules and regulations of the school, and resolutely put an end to smoking. 3. take good care of fire fighting facilities. In order to prevent fire, prevent fire accidents, residential buildings, public places have set up a fire hydrant, fire extinguisher, fire sandbox and other fire-fighting facilities, also left a security channel for fire evacuation, to take care of fire-fighting facilities, ensure the safety of the smooth passage. How do you pay attention to fire prevention at home? The fire in the family is often caused by careless use of fire and improper use of electrical appliances, and the students should pay attention to it: L. use the stove, the stove should be placed with flammable wooden furniture etc. keep a safe distance, in rural areas, will be far away from the firewood. 2., baking clothes to be taken care of, people can not leave for a long time. 3. don't store inflammable things by the fire. 4. when you make a fire, do not use kerosene or gasoline to support the fire so as to prevent fire. 5. out of the burning furnace ash and cinder to pour in a safe place, to prevent fire caused by other objects. 6., the use of household electrical appliances to meet safety requirements, not disorderly disassembly, so as not to cause safety performance decline, cause fire. 7. use a heating appliance (such as an electric iron). Be careful not to ignite flammable items. 8., after the use of electrical appliances or people left, we should promptly turn off the power supply, in order to prevent electrical overheating and dangerous. 9. the use of gas appliances to prevent gas leakage, use should be closed after the gas source. 10. gas tanks should be kept away from fire sources. Check regularly to ensure that the gas facilities and equipment are in good condition. How should the fire alarm? If a fire occurs, the most important thing is to call the police, so as to save the fire in time, control the fire and reduce the losses caused by the fire. 1. the number for the fire alarm is 119. This number should bear in mind that in any part of the country, the number of fire alarms reported to the public security fire department is the same. 2. if you find a fire, call directly to the police. If you don't have a phone at home, call the neighbors, phone booths or telephone calls from nearby units as soon as possible. 3. fire alarm, fire to the fire department to clear the unit or location of the district (county clear), street, alley, number or country address, also clarifying what is on fire, the fire how. 4. after the alarm, it is best to arrange for people to wait for fire engines at nearby junctions to direct the road leading to the fire. 5., it is impossible to call the fire alarm at random, and the false report of fire alarm is a violation of public order. 6. in the absence of telephone calls or other methods should be shouted to arouse the attention of neighbors and pedestrians to help fire or alarm. How do you deal with a minor fire? Fire should be promptly reported. For minor fires that occur suddenly, students should also have easy access to emergency situations. 1., water is the most commonly used extinguishing agent, wood, paper, cotton and other fires, can be directly extinguished with water. 2. use soil, sand, soaked quilts or blankets to quickly cover fire, and effectively extinguish fire. 3. with a broom, mop and other break, also can put out a small fire. 4., oil, alcohol and other fires, can not use water to fight, and can be quickly covered with sand or soaked quilt. 5. gas fire, wet towel can cover the fire point, quickly cut off the gas source. 6. electrical fire, can not be put out with water, not wet goods available to cover up. Water is a conductor, which can cause electric shock. The correct way is to first cut off the power and then put out the fire. 7. conditional, you can also learn some simple fire extinguisher method of use. How to get out of the fire? In case of fire, correct and effective methods should be taken to save themselves and reduce the loss of personal injury: L. once a fire threat, do not panic, we must calmly determine their location, according to the surrounding smoke, fire, temperature and other analysis to determine the fire, do not blindly take action. 2., living in a bungalow, if the fire around the door is not large, should leave the fire quickly. On the other hand, you must choose to exit (for example, jump out of the window), or take protective measures (such as using water to wet clothes, wrap the head and upper body with a warm quilt), and then leave the fire. 3., living in the building, found that the fire does not blindly open the doors and windows, or there may be a fire into the house. 4., in the building, do not blindly run around, do not jump to escape, this will cause undue casualties. You can hide in the living room or on the balcony. Close doors and windows, block fire roads, and wait for rescue. Conditional, you can constantly water the doors and windows to cool down, so as to delay the spread of the fire. 5., in the fire in the building, escape can not use the elevator, should be through the fire escape staircase escape. Because of fire, elevator shafts often become a gateway to fireworks. And the elevator may break down at any moment. 6. because the fire is too fierce, must escape from the building, from the two layer of the jump, but not to choose the hard ground, at the same time from the upstairs first threw bedding increases the ground buffer, and then slide down along the window, to minimize the falling height, do your feet first floor. 7., in the case of certainty, you can rope (also can be used to tear the sheets and so on), a head tied to the window frame, and then slide down the rope to the ground. 8. when escaping. Try to take protective measures, Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and pack your body with wet clothes. 9. if his clothes on fire, you can quickly take off clothes, or in situ rolling, with body pressure to extinguish, also jumped into the pool, near the river, the body on fire, in short to minimize body burn area, reduce the degree of burn. 10. when the fire occurs, often produce toxic and harmful gases on the human body, so to prevent smoke poison, should choose to stay upwind or wet towel or mask protect mouth and nose and eyes, and avoid the poisonous and harmful smoke. Social security Although the primary and secondary school students are still young, they have come into contact with society in varying degrees. At present, there are still some problems that need to be solved in social security, and there are still crimes in the society, and the cases of primary and secondary school students who have been infringed by criminals have also occurred. Therefore, it is necessary to learn students a correct understanding of meeting people and things, to distinguish right from wrong, good and evil, vigilance to prevent infringement, elimination of danger of paralysis and luck. At the same time, we should also establish a sense of self prevention, master certain security methods, and strengthen their ability to prevent, so that in the face of abnormal circumstances, to calm, resourceful, courageous to deal with. How can the police be attacked by lawbreakers? Primary and secondary school students are directly threatened and infringed by criminals, and it is difficult to prevent them only by their own strength. The most effective way is to report to the public security departments. The 1. bandit police phone number is 110. This number should be kept in mind so that you can call in case of unusual circumstances. 2. to call 110, to concise and accurate to the public security departments to report the location of the case, the time, the parties, the case and so on, so that the public