Unit 3

Contents Contents Unit 3 Security Before Reading 2 >> English Song – Saturday Night Special 3 >> Security Situations in the USA 5 >> Security Measures and Problems in the World 7 >> Security Measures in Ancient Time Global Reading 9 >> Part Division of the Text 9 >> Further Understanding 10 >> Word Scanning 11Detailed Reading After Reading 19 >> Useful Expressions 19 >> Sentence Translation 20 >> Spot Dictation 20 >> Listening Practice 21 >> Mock Debate – Have Gun, Will Shoot 21 >> Writing Practice – Cause and Effect Essays 23 >> Talk about the Pictures 23 >> Proverbs and Quotations Supplementary Reading 23 >> Culture Notes 26 >> Reading 30 >> Comprehension Tasks Before Reading >> English Song – Saturday Night Special Listen to the song and fill in the blanks with what you hear. Saturday Night Special Two feets they come a-creepin’ Like a black cat do Two bodies are layin’ naked Creeper thinks he’s got nothing to lose So he creeps into the house Unlocks the door And as the man’s reaching for his trousers Shoots him full of 38 holes [Chorus] Mister Saturday Night, you’re special Got a barrel that’s blue and cold They ain’t good for nothing But put a man six feet in a hole Big Jim’s been drinking whiskey Playin’ poler on a losin’ night Pretty soon old Jim starts thinking Somebody’s been cheating and lying Big Jim commenced to fighting I wouldn’t tell you no lie Big Jim done pulled his pistol Shot his friend right between the eyes Chorus Oh, Saturday Night Special For twenty dollars you can buy yourself one, too Handguns are made for killing They ain’t no good for nothing else And if you like to drink your whiskey You might even shoot yourself. So why don’t we dump ’em people To the bottom of the sea Before some ole fool come around here Wanna shoot either you or me Chorus It’s a Saturday Night Special And I’d like to tell you what you can do with it too … And that’s the end of the song. Before Reading >> Security Situations in the USA I. Terrorist Attacks on Sep. 11, 2001 i. Word Matching Match the words in Column A which you will hear in the passage with the correct meanings in Column B. Column A Column B 1. dominate A. to be in a state of confusion (=3) 2. undeniable B. fall down (=6) 3. reel C. to control or govern (=1) 4. devastation D. severe damage (=4) 5. casualties E. people killed or injured in an accident (=5) 6. collapse F. unquestionably true (=2) ii. True or False Listen and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). (视频略) 1. The twin towers were located in upper Manhattan. (F) (=They were located in lower Manhattan.) 2. Many people claimed that the buildings went on well with the surroundings. (F) (=Many critics stated that they didn’t relate to their surroundings.) 3. In 1993, the World Trade Center was attacked, but fortunately no one was hurt. (F) (=Six people were killed and more than a thousand were injured.) 4. The terrorist attack on September 11, 2001 happened in the morning. (T) 5. The casualties of this terrorist attack were fewer than those of the attack on Pearl Harbor. (F) (=The terrorist attack on September 11 caused more lives than the attack on Pearl Harbor.) II. President Bush’s Address Ladies and gentlemen: This is a difficult moment for America. I, unfortunately, will be going back to Washington after my remarks. Secretary Rod Paige and the Lieutenant Governor (副州长) will take the podium (讲台) and discuss education. I do want to thank the folks here at Booker Elementary School for their hospitality. Today we’ve had a national tragedy. Two airplanes have crashed into the World Trade Center in an apparent terrorist attack on our country. I have spoken to the Vice President, to the Governor of New York, to the Director of the FBI, and have ordered that the full resources of the federal government go to help the victims and their families, and to conduct a full-scale investigation to hunt down and to find those folks who committed this act. Terrorism against our nation will not stand. And now if you would join me in a moment of silence. May God bless the victims, their families, and America. Thank you very much. III. American Campus Shooting Littleton: On April 20th, 1999, two teenage students opened fire on classmates and teachers in their suburban Denver school, killing 15 people including themselves. Detroit: On December 11th, 1998, Wayne State University professor was shot and killed while collecting final exams from his engineering students when the gunman stepped into the classroom and opened fire with a rifle. The professor fell wounded to the floor, only to be shot again by the man who took the time to reload. Springfield: On May 21st, 1998, a freshman student opened fire with a semi-automatic rifle in a high school cafeteria, killing two students and wounding 22 others. The teenager’s parents were later found shot to death in their home. Los Angeles: On October 11, 1999, five students were fatally wounded in a Jewish community center. Pearl: On October 1st, 1997, a 16-year-old student in Pearl, Mississippi, is accused of killing his mother, then going to school and shooting nine students. Two of them died. IV. Crime Rate in America violent adj. 暴力的 robbery n. 抢掠，抢夺 arson n. 纵火，纵火罪 offense n. 违法 property n. 财产 enforcement n. 执行 1. What did the report from FBI offer? (=The report from the FBI offered new evidence showing that violent crime may be on the rise.) 2. What number has increased more than nine percent for the first half of the year? (=The number of robberies nationwide increased nine and seven-tenths percent for the first half of the year.) 3. In what kind of cities was the increase in violent crime obvious? (=In cities with populations between half a million and a million.) 4. What kind of crimes fell in the first half of the year? (=Most property crimes fell in the first half of the year.) 5. What are the possible reasons why violent crime is up nationally? (=There are many reasons, such as: illegal guns, not enough law enforcement officers, reductions in federal money, increase in young males and other population changes.) Script: Crime rates in the United States have been dropping for a number of years. Rates of violent crime have fallen to their lowest levels since the 1970s. President Bush noted this in his declaration in April for National Crime Victims’ Rights Week. But this week, a report from the Federal Bureau of Investigation offered new evidence that violent crime may be on the rise. Early numbers for the first half of the year show violent crime was up three and seven-tenths percent over the same period last year. The F.B.I. reported earlier that violent crime increased more than two percent in all of 2005. That was the largest increase in fifteen years. The new report says the number of robberies nationwide increased nine and seven-tenths percent between January and June of this year. And there were seven percent more arson fires compared to the first half of last year. The number of murders increased almost one and one-half percent. Other violent offenses were also up more than one percent. But the F.B.I. says the number of rapes decreased, though by less than one-tenth of one percent. The report shows that violent crime rose nationwide, especially in cities with populations between half a million and a million. But the largest increase was in the West. Violent crime in that part of the country rose almost five percent. Northeastern states had the smallest increase. It was three percent over the same period last year. While violent crime increased nationally, most property crimes fell in the first half of the year. In all, property crime decreased more than two and one-half percent. The information in the F.B.I. report comes from more than eleven thousand law enforcement agencies. Researchers from the Justice Department are studying a number of cities to look for reasons why violent crime is up nationally. Experts suggest a number of possible reasons. These include too many illegal guns and not enough law enforcement officers on the streets of American cities. Also blamed are reductions in federal money for local law enforcement agencies over the past ten years. Yet local agencies have more duties since the attacks of September 11th, 2001. Now they are expected to fight terrorism in addition to traditional crime. At the federal level, the F.B.I. and other agencies that often help local officers investigate crimes have seen their duties change as well. But other researchers believe an increase in young males and other population changes have played a part in the rise in violent crime. And some point to increases in the spread of street gangs. In any case, the F.B.I. notes that in the years leading up to 2005, violent crime kept falling. So officials say it is still too early to say if new trends are developing. Before Reading >> Security Measures and Problems in the World I. Security Measures on Public Buses (视频略) 1. How many people were injured in the bus explosion in Yunnan? (=Eight dozens of people were injured.) 2. Who would consider public buses as a favorite way to get around? (=Residents and visitors in the Capital.) 3. What have been installed in long-distance bus stations? (=Safety-checking machines have been installed.) 4. What a driver would do if there is a danger? (=The driver would first stop the bus, then dial the police; he also should calm down the passengers in order to avoid unnecessary injuries.) 5. What are passengers’ opinions towards it? (=Passengers express their full understanding and concern.) 6. Why keeping public buses safe is a challenge? (=There is only a driver and a ticket collector in a bus, and every day there are 30 million passengers.) II. Can Detectors Improve Social Security? Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks. The police in Lianjiang in south China’s Guangdong Province recently spent 10 million yuan or nearly 1.5 million US dollars to install detectors in public places to ensure social security. An article in Guangzhou Daily says that detectors can help the police find clues when they are solving a case, but it might not play a big role in ensuring social security. The article says that many public places without detectors are still in order while some cases monitored by detectors have aroused disputes. It points out that such a large-scale installation reflects the fact that the local police blindly rely on technology. It suggests that detectors be used to supplement a well-organized police system and public-oriented government. III. German Campus Shooting wield v. 挥 condolence n. 哀悼，吊唁 stun vt. 使晕倒，使惊吓 unimaginable adj. 想不到的，不可思议的 dealership n. 代理商 suspect n. 嫌疑犯 nondescript adj. 无特征的 rampage n. 乱闹，暴跳 (视频略) True or False 1. A total of 12 people including students were killed by the 17-year-old. (F) (=A total of 15 people were killed by the 17-year-old.) 2. On Wednesday, the European Parliament stood in silence for several minutes for those victims. (F) (=The European Parliament stood in silence for a minute.) 3. Most of the victims killed in the school were male. Most of the victims killed in the school were female. (T) 4. Two police officers were seriously injured and killed. (F) (=Two police officers suffered serious but non-life-threatening wounds.) 5. The suspect was described as one with average grades. (T) 6.The gun used by the attacker was legally registered to the attacker. (F) (=The gun was legally registered to the attacker’s father.) Script: Germany is mourning victims of a deadly high school shooting. A 17-year-old wielding a pistol burst into classrooms at his former high school in Winnenden on Wednesday. He gunned down a total of 15 people including students, teachers and members of the public before killing himself. Li Xiang Reports. German Chancellor Angela Merkel expressed her condolences to the victims’ families, calling Wednesday’s shooting a “horrific crime”. Angela Merkel, German chancellor, said, “Like all people in Germany, I am horrified, shocked and stunned about the things that happened today at the Albertville school in Winnenden. It is unimaginable that in just seconds, pupils and teachers were killed by a horrific crime.” Also on Wednesday, the European Parliament stood in silence for a minute for those killed in the deadly school attack. The 17-year-old started his shooting spree after entering the school on Wednesday morning. He killed nine students and three teachers, most of them female. Later, police said the gunman shot and killed a male passerby before running into an industrial area with police in pursuit. He then shot and killed two employees at an auto dealership and opened fire at police vehicles. Two police officers suffered serious but non-life-threatening wounds. In this mobile phone video, the attacker is shown making his final shot, which took his own life. The suspect has been identified as Tim Kretschmer. School officials said he was a nondescript student with average grades. But one of his fellow students described him as a sweet, average, normal guy. Police say the attacker apparently used a gun legally registered to his father who belongs to a shooting club and has a collection of 15 guns at home. Police say the suspect graduated last year from the school of about one-thousand students. But they still have no motive for the shooting rampage. Li Xiang, CCTV. IV. Security Scanners (视频略) 1. Which country has installed body scanners in airports? (=France has introduced body scanners for passengers bound for the United States.) 2. What are the functions of body scanners? (=The body scanners see through passengers’ clothes.) 3. What is the requirement of the operators who manage the body scanners? (=They should be of the same sex as the passengers being scanned.) 4. What choice can the passengers make? (=The passengers could choose between the body scanner and traditional body searching.) 5. Why did Canada install body scanners? (=This is a response to the attack on a US-bound plane just before Christmas.) Before Reading >> Security Measures in Ancient Time I. The Great Wall Listen and answer the following questions. 1. What was the aim of building the Great Wall originally? (=To protect China’s northern border in the 3rd century BC.) 2. Where are the ruins of the Great Wall located now? (=From Bo Hai in the east to Gansu Province in the west.) Script: The Great Wall The Great Wall is a popular name for a semi-legendary wall built to protect China’s northern border in the 3rd century BC, and for impressive stone and earthen fortifications built along a different northern border in the 15th and 16th centuries AD, long after the ancient structure had disappeared. Ruins of the later wall are found today along former border areas from Bo Hai in the east to Gansu Province in the west. II. Castle Castles were built in places where they could be easily defended. A position on high ground provided the defenders with a view of the surrounding countryside, making attacks more difficult. In flat areas, castles were surrounded by a protective moat. Global Reading >> Part Division of the Text Parts Para(s) Main Ideas 1 1~3 In America, the era of leaving the front door on the latch has drawn to a close. 2 4~15 A new atmosphere of fear and distrust creeps into every aspect of daily life. As a result, security devices, in varied forms, are put to use. 3 16~19 By locking our fears out, we become prisoners of our own making. Global Reading >> Further Understanding I. True or False 1. The phrase “on the latch” means the door is closed and locked. (F) (=This phrase means the door is closed but unlocked.) 2. Nowadays, doors, not only in cities but also in rural areas, are locked. (T) 3. Urban streets are more dangerous than outskirts and country areas. (F) (=Suburbs and country areas are more dangerous than urban streets.) 4. In America nowadays, no one leaves his front door on the latch anymore. (t) II. Supporting Facts for the Central Idea The author uses lots of facts to support his central point of view: America is deteriorating from “the Land of the Free” into “the Land of the Lock”. Could you find any more supporting facts in addition to those listed below? 1. Doors are not left unlocked either in cities or in rural areas. 2. Dead-bolt locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems and trip wires are widely in use. 3. Suburban families have steel bars built in sliding glass doors. 4. Small notices warning against burglary are commonly seen pasted on the windows of the most pleasant of homes. 5. Access cards are required of those who work with medium- to large-size companies. 6. Airport security uses electronic X-ray equipment to guard against terrorism. 7. Businessmen employ new machines linked up to their telephone to determine whether the caller is telling lies or not. 8. Suburban housewives wear rape whistles on their key chains. III. Discussion In Paragraph 6, the author mentions a public service advertisement by a large insurance company. Discuss the following questions. 1. What does this ad point out? (=The lock is the new symbol of America.) 2. What is the author’s purpose of using this example? IV. Sentence Completion Read Part 2 carefully and supply the missing information. 1. We have become so used to defending ourselves against the new atmosphere of American life and so used to putting up barriers. 2. We are satisfied when we think we are well-protected. 3. With electronic X-ray equipment, we seem finally to have figured out a way to hold the terrorists at bay. 4. We do not want to afford ourselves even so much a luxury as a shadow. V. Questions and Answers 1. Under what excuse do people resort to all those means mentioned in Part 2? (=In the name of “security”.) 2. Does the author think they are justified in doing so? (=No. Because in the author’s opinion, America becomes the most insecure nation with all these means.) 3. According to the author, what may be the legacy we remember best when we recall this era? (=We became prisoners of ourselves when we deal with the unseen horrors among us.) Global Reading >> Word Scanning 1. Scan the text to find all the sentences containing the word “lock” or the word with “lock” as its root. the word “lock”: 1) … the door was closed but not locked. (Para. 3) 2) It has been replaced by dead-bolt locks, security chains, electronic alarm system … (Para. 12) 3) The lock is a new symbol of America. (Para. 6) 4) … the transformation of America from the Land of the Free to the Land of the Lock. (Para. 7) 5) … we devise ways to lock the fear out. (Para. 16) 6) We may have locked the evils out, but in so doing we have locked ourselves in. (Para. 18) “lock” as a root: 1) … doors do not stay unlocked (Para. 1) 2) … a picture of a child’s bicycle with the now-usual padlock attached to it. (Para. 4) 2. Based on these sentences, summarize the main idea of this text. Detailed Reading I. Difficult Sentences I don’t know if that was a local term or if it is universal. 1) What do “local” and “universal” mean respectively? (=“Local” means “of a particular place”, while “universal” means “common to all conditions or situations”.) 2) Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=我不知道这是当地的一种说法，还是大家都是这么说的…) … doors do not stay unlocked, even for part of an evening. Paraphrase the sentence. (=… doors are always locked, even just for a short period of time in the evening.) It is not uncommon, in the most pleasant of homes, to see pasted on the windows small notices announcing that the premises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company. What can be commonly seen pasted on