英美文简答、论述题

英美文简答、论述题 1、 What did shakespeare support and criticize in his plays? 1/28 2、 Why is Hamlet so impressive in Shakespeare s Hamlet? 2/33 3、 William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known. 3/33 1) Name his four greatest. 2) What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common? 3) Briefly summarize each hero s weakness of nature. 4、 Why is John Milton the greatest writer of his time? 4/75 th5、 The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement in 18-centruy Europe. List at least three leading enlighteners in England, what are the important things those enlighteners celebrated in this movement? 5/80 6、 What is neoclassicism? 6/81 7、 What is the belief of the neoclassicists about literature? 6/81 8、 According to the neoclassicists, what are the standards for literature during the neoclassical period? 7/82 9、 What are the common features of Defoe s four minor novels? And what are their social significances? 8/97 10、 Robinson Crusoe is universally considered as Daniel Defoe s masterpiece. Discuss why it became so successful when it was publish? 9/98 11、 What s Swift s achievements? 10/107 12、 Why has Fielding been regarded as Father of the English Novel? 11/121 13、 What is the position of Henry Fielding in the history of English literature? 12/121 14、 What are the characteristics of Fielding s writing? 13/121 15、 Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came from two great shapers of thought. Who are the two? And what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers? 13/157 16、 What are the characteristics of the Romantic literature? Please discuss the above question in relation to one or two examples (in England) 14/157 17、 What are the time of the Romantic period in England and in American respectively? 15/157,399 18、 What is the historical and cultural background of English Romanticism? 16/158 19、 Make a contrast between the two generations of Romantic poets during the Romantic ago. (17) (162) 20、 What are Austen s writing features? (17) (165) 21、 What are Gothic novels? (18) (166) 22、 Songs of innocence and songs of experience are written by William Blake. Do you think the two collections of poems are the same? (18) (169) 23、 Why is Wordsworth regarded as the leading figure of the English romantic poetry? (19) (179) 24、 English Romanticism is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge s Lyrical Ballads. Why is Lyrical Ballads considered the milestone to mark the beginning of English Romanticism? 20/179 25、 Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed? Determine the author of the poem first. Then discuss the main idea of the stanza. 21/211 26、 Pride and Prejudice is Jane Austen s masterpiece. What does Pride and Prejudice concern about? 22/225 27、 What are the features of Charles Dickens novels? 23/239 28、 Charles Dickens in one of the greatest critical realist writers of the Victoria Ago. Make a brief comment on his novels. 23/239 29、 What do you think Charles Dickens intends to say in the above ironic statement taken from Oliver Twist? 26/244 30、 Explain why the boy (Oliver Twist) started first tnen trembled violently and burst into tears when the words were kindly said. 27/252 31、 Charlotte Bronte is a writer of Realism combined with Roanticism. Why is Jane Eyre by her a successful novel? 28/257 32、 Why is Jane Eyre a successful novel? 28/257 33、 Jane Eyre is one of the most popular and important novels of the Victorian Age. Why is Jane Eyre such a successful novel? 29/258 34、 What s the theme of Jane Eyre? 30/258 35、 Jane Eyre is the greatest governess image in the literature history; can you analyze the character of her? 31/258 36、 What kind of character is Jane Eyre in Charlotte s novel? 32/259 37、 Try to tell Bronte s way of narration briefly. 32/264 38、 How are naturalism and criticism reflected in Hardy s novels? 33/301 39、 What is Bernard Shaw s viewpoint on literature? 34/321 40、 It is said that B.shaw s play, Mrs.Warren s Profession, has a strong realistic theme, which fully reflects the dramatist s Fabianist idea. Try to summarize this theme briefly. 35/322 41、 What are the themes of George Bernard Shaw n his works? 36/323 42、 What is the theme of The Waste Land? 36/360 43、 Explain why Mrs.Morel couldn’t bear to think Paul’s life wouldn’t be a happy one. 37/383 44、 What is the background of American Romanticism? 38/399 45、 Briefly discuss what the features of American literature in the period are. 38/399 46、 How does American Realism differ from American Romanticism? 39/399,471 47、 What are the literary characteristics of American Romanticism? 40/400 48、 Why do we say American Romanticism is both derivative and ceative/unique, both British and American? 41/400 49、 How do you philosophically define Transcendentalism? 43/402 50、 Why Irving’s Rip Van Winkle is very well-known? 44/407 51、 “Young Goodman Brown” is regarded as one of Hawthorne’s most profound tales. What is the theme of the story? Give examples from the story to show Hawthorne’s masterful use of symbolism. 44/431 52、 What are the artistic characteristics of the Scarlet Letter? 45/434 53、 Why is Hawthorne regarded a master of symbolism? 45/434 54、 Whitman is one of the representative poets in America. he employs brand new means in his poetty. What are the features of his poetry? 46/430 55、 How do you understand the White Whale or Moby Dick in Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick? 46/461 56、 Who are the three dominant figures in American Realistic Period? What are the literary differences between them? 47/473 57、 What is local colorism in American literature? 48/475 58、 What are the major characteristics of naturalism? 49/475 59、 Why are naturalists inevitably pessimistic in their view? Please discuss the above question in relation to the basic principles of literary naturalism. 50/475 60、 How is Twain’s realism different from James’s realism? 51/480-481,498 61、 What is the language style of Mark Twain? 52/481 62、 In American literature what is the significance of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain? 53/482 63、 What are the similarities and differences between the three literary giants Howells, Mark Twain, Henry James, in terms of their literary orientation? 54/495 64、 Henry James’s literary criticism is an indispensable part of his contribution to literature. What’s his outlook in literary criticism? 55/497 65、 Theodore Dreiser is a celebrated American novelist in the realistic period. What does he discuss in his novel? Give examples to prove you viewpoint. 56/526 66、 What is Dreiser’s style? 57/527 67、 Give a brief analysis of Carrie Meeber in Theodore Driser Sister Carrie? 58/527 68、 The above is quoted from Theodore Driser Sister Carrie. Briefly tell the situation that leads to the suicide and interpret Hurstwood’s final words. What’s the use? 60/538 69、 (quoted from Theodore Driser’s Sister Carrie) what idea can you draw from the rocking-chair? 61/541 70、 What is stream of consciousness in novel writing? Try to explain the question from two angles. 61/546 71、 After the First World War, all kinds of literary trends of Modernism including stream of consciousness appeared. What is stream of consciousness? 62/546 72、 How did The Lost Generation come into existence in the literary history of the United States? What does the term The Lost Generation mean? Who were the leading figures of this literary movement? (give at least two) 63/547 73、 Frost’s poem are mostly concerned with his contemplation on nature, and the relationship between nature and man. What is the characteristics of Robert Frost’s poetry? 65/563 74、 What are the characteristics of the Hemingway Code Hero? 66/602 75、 How do you understand Hemingway’s Iceberg Principle according to his works? 67/603 76、 What does Yoknapatwapha Country stand for in Faulkner’s novels? 67/612 77、 William Faulkner is one of the greatest American novelists. What do you know about his narrative techniques? 69/616 论述题 1、 William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights and poets in the world ever known. Try to discuss his art of creations. 70/28 2、 Shakespeare is the master of English drama. He wrote all together 38plays in his life. Discuss the four periods of his dramatic career, his views on literature, the characteristics of his characters, plot and language. 71/30 3、 Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s great tragedies. Try t discuss the social significances of Hamlet and analyze the character Hamlet. 74/34 4、 Hamlet is the first of the great tragedies. It is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage, because it has the qualities of a blood-and thunder thriller and a philosophical exploration of life and death. Try to give a brief comment on the theme of Shakespeare’s Hamlet. 76/34 5、 Briefly discuss William Shakespeare’s artistic achievements in characterization, plit construction and language. 78/36 6、 Make a brief comment on John Milton’s literary achievements. 80/70 7、 According to the setting of the poem Paradise Lost, discuss the theme, the author’s intention to create it and the implication that the poem expresses. 81/71 8、 Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe is a very influential novel in the enlightenment period of the English literature. It depicts Crusoe as a figure of middle class who makes success through his own hard work. Discuss the social reason why the novel becomes so successful. 83/98 9、 A Modest Proposal is a satire written by Swift and it is generally taken as a perfect model of satire. Gulliver’s Travels is Swift’s masterpiece. Based on them, discuss why Swift is a master satirist. 84/107 10、 Please cite examples from Gulliver’s Travels to explain briefly how Swift criticized and alluded to the government and the society. 86/108 11、 Make a comment on the image of Tom Jones. 87/122 12、 How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism? Provide brief evidence from the literary works you know best. 88/161 13、 What does Wordsworth mean when he said all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings recollected in tranquility? 89/161 14、 Literarily Blake was the first importantRomantic poet, showing contempt for ththe rule of rason, opposing the classical tradition of the 28 century, and treasuring the f English individual’s imagination. Please make a comment on William Blake’s poetry. 90/168-170 15、 William Wordsworth is one of the greatest poet of nature. He is also the leading figure of the English Romantic poetry. Please discuss the significance of William Wordsworth’s poetry in the history of English literature. 92/176 16、 By analyzing the poems by Percy Bysshe Shelley, discuss his art of poems.94/205 th17、 Generally speaking, Jane Austen was a writer of the 18-century,though she lived mainly in the nineteenth century. Based on her weitings discuss Jane Austen’s greatest contribution to English literature. 95/222 18、 In Pride and Prdjudice, Jane Austen explored three kinds of motivations of thmarriage the middle class people had in the second half of the 18 century. Try to make a brief discussion about them with specific examples from the novel. Make comments on Austen’s attitude towards these motivation. 96/234 19、 Elizabeth Bennet, the heroine in Pride and Prejudice, is often regarded as the most successful character created by Jane Austen. Make a brief comment on Elizabeth’s character. 97/226 20、 Charles Dickens is one of the greatest Victorian writers in his own unique way. Discuss Dickens art of novels: the setting, the language, and the characters, etc. based on his novel Oliver Twist. 100/242 21、 In many of Hardy’s works, fatalism was widely used for the themes. Discuss how Hardy formed the thought of fatalism. 101/301 22、 Thomas Hardy, living at the turn of the century, is often regarded as a transitional writer. In him we see the influence from both the past and the modern. Tess of the D Urbervilles is one of his greatest works. Try to discuss the fate of Tess in this work. 104/303 23、 Comment on the characteristics of Modernist literature. 106/312 24、 Discuss briefly the features of Bernard Shaw’s works. 107/323 25、 The Waste Land is T.S.Eliot’s most important single poem. Try to state the theme and the significance of the poem briefly. 109/359 26、 Discuss the striking feature of Paul, the main character in Sons and Lovers. 110/375 27、 The story Araby by James Joyce is both meticulously realistic in its handling of details of Dublin life and the Dublin scene and highly symbolic in that almost every image and incident suggests some particular aspect of the theme. Briefly discuss the symbolism joyce employs in presenting this theme. 111/390 28、 Try to discuss the theme of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s works. 112/432 29、 Based on Hawthorne’s work The Scarlet Letter, discuss the characters of his writings. 113/433 30、 Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most interesting, yet most ambivalent writers in the American literary history. According to him. There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life, but circumstances may rouse it to activity. Based on this thought, he completed “young Goodman brown”. Let’s try to discuss the theme of this work. 114/434 31、 In the manner of its concern with guilt and evil, “young goodnam brown exemplifies what is called the power of blackness in Hawthorne’s works. Please mark a brief comment on Hawthorne’s young Goodman brown. 115/434,435 32、 Discuss the allegory and symbolism in Hawthorne’s “young Goodman brown.” 117/435 33、 My faith is gone! Cried he (Goodman brown), after one stupefied moment. There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. gome, devil! For to thee is this world given. Comment on this passgage from Hawthorne;’s “young goodman brown”118/439 34、 How did Walt Whitman make use of the poetic I in his works? 120/450 35、 Comment on Whitman’s style and language. 120/450 36、 Under the influence of the leading romantic thinkers like Kant and the Post-Kantians, Romanticists demonstrated a strong reaction against the dominant thmodes of thinking of the 18 century’s Neo-classicists. Discuss the relation to the works you know, the difference between Romanticism and Neoclassicism. 121/79,157/450 37、 Sea adventures are Melville’s favorite subject; Moby-Dick is a great novel in the theme, which is also noted for its symbolism. Please analyze it in detail. 123/461 38、 What are the similarities and differences between the three literary giants, Howells, Mark Twain, Henry James, in terms of their literary orientation? 125/474 39、 Give a brief analysis of the theme and the artistic features of Herman Melville’s Moby Dick. 124/461 40、 Why is American naturalists pessimistic in their writings? 126/475 41、 In American literature what is the significance of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain? 127/479 42、 Briefly discuss Mark Twain’s art of fiction in term’s of the setting, the language, and the characters, etc. based on his novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. 128/480 43、 Summarize the story of Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in about 100 words, and comment on the theme of the novel. 129/482 44、 Discuss the character of Huck in Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and the social significance of the novel. 130/482 45、 According to Henry James viewpoint, what is the conflict between the American personalities and European personalities? 131/495 46、 Henry Hames is regarded as one of the most important writers in the Age of Realism in America. Try to discuss his literary achievements.133/495 th47、 Henry James is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20 century stream-of-consciousness novels and the founder of psychological realism. Based on his work Daisy Miller, briefly discuss why he achieved this glory. 134/498 48、 The publication of Daisy Miller brought Henry James international fame for the first time. Try to discuss the character of Daisy Miller and the theme of the novel. 135/499 49、 Emily Dickinson is now recognized not only as a great poetess on her own right but as a poetess of considerable influence upon American poetry of the present century. What are the qualities of her poems? 136/517-519 50、 Sister Carrie, is the greatest literary work by Theodore Dreiser. Discuss Carrie Meeber, the protagonist of the novel. 137/527 51、 Theodore Dreiser is generally acknowledges as one of America’s literary naturalists. please make a comment on Theodore Dreiser’s writing style. 138/527 52、 What is stream of consciousness in novel writing? Try to explain the question from two angles. 139/546 th53、 Compared with earlies writings, especially those of the 19 century, what are the characteristics of modern American writings? 140/552 54、 The Great Gatsby, a masterpiece in American literature, evokes a haunting mood of a glamorous, wild time that seemingly will never come again. Based on the novel, discuss the characteristics of Fitzgerald’s works. 141/579 55、 F.Scott Fitzgerald is a great stylist in American literature. What is his art of novels? 143/581 56、 Briefly discuss The Great Gatsby. 142/581 th57、 The Great Gatsby is an examination of American myth in the 20 century. Fitzgerald deliberately depicts Gatsby as a mysterious person so as to achieve the effect that Gatsby is American Everyman. Please make a brief comment on The Great Gatsby. 145/582 58、 I believe„„admission. Determine the author and the novel. Then discuss briefly the theme of the novel. 147/585 59、 Ernest Hemingway, a winner of Nobel Prize on Literature, is one of the greatest American writers. Discuss Heminway’s art of fiction: his style, the particular type of hero in his novels, and his life attitudes, etc. 148/602,603 60、 How do you understand Hemingway’s Iceberg Principle according to this works? 148/603