活学软件巧算量之马凳筋计算

活学软件巧算量之马凳筋计算 前言:使用广联达钢筋软件到现在，自己总在不断的从中 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 各种技巧的运用，以提高本身工作的快速性和准确性，通过本文，我将给大家分享和探讨下我对钢筋2009计算马凳筋的一些技巧的总结，以便于大家在实际工作中能够快速及准确的计算出马凳筋这一没有具体规范 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 及明确规定的钢筋 工程 路基工程安全技术交底工程项目施工成本控制工程量增项单年度零星工程技术标正投影法基本原理 量。 一提到马凳筋的计算，很多预算人员都会感到极其的反感，因为目前建筑行业内，对马凳筋的设计及规范方面明确说明的地方并不是很多。所以预算行业内如果想正确计算马凳筋的钢筋工程量，那么就需要两个条件为基础，一个是现场施工中运用到马凳筋的钢筋现场签证。另一个是施工单位所报并得到一致通过的施工组织设计中关于马凳筋的明确设计。然而很多时候预算的工作是在前期所做的，所以对于上述两者并不能够及时的拿到，在此情况下，我们就需要来明确马凳筋的各种信息的设计了，下面，就从以下各方面来剖析下马凳筋是如何在施工中进行运用的。 马凳筋主要是用来作为板钢筋施工的一种措施钢筋来进行设计及运用的，板的钢筋分为底部受力钢筋，上部受力钢筋或者面筋，负筋或称扁担筋，温度筋等。下部钢筋施工相对来说比较简单，为保证下部钢筋有合乎规定的保护层，一般情况下会在下部受力钢筋下放些适当间距的标准厚度的混凝土垫块就可以来保证下部受力钢筋的保护层，对于一些大构件中，可以采用钢筋头作为控制下部钢筋保护层的措施;上部钢筋当进行布置时，由于其处于板的上部。这时就需要有一定的构件来支撑起上部钢筋来保证其规范要求的保护层，在这里充当支撑作用的构件，也就是说用于板上下两层钢筋中间，起固定板上层钢筋的作用。就是马凳筋，由于其形状类似马凳，故被成为马凳筋或者撑筋。 马凳筋作为板施工的措施筋是不可或缺的，它不光属于设计的范畴也是施工范畴更是预算的范畴。一些缺乏实际经验和感性认识的人往往对其忽略和漏算。马凳不是个简单概念，但时至今日没有具体的理论依据和数据，没有通用的计算标准和规范，往往是凭经验和直觉。不过道理弄明白了，也了解实际施工，那么计算马凳筋就不是件难事。 传统的做法是马凳利用现场钢筋废料制作，当然量大时也用钢筋原材料加工。马凳制作虽无国家标准，但根据积累的钢筋施工经验，一般也有个大致的尺度范围，如马凳筋直径一般为板钢筋直径或小于一个级别。马凳间距一般为1000?左右，马凳筋上部水平长度一般为钢筋间距加5~10CM。下部有两个水平段，一个水平段的长度与上面水平相同，另一个水平段只需10CM即可，这样可以形成三个支点，三点是最平衡的。如果两个水平段都按钢筋间距加5~10CM则会浪费，如果下部两个水平都只有10CM，则不稳定，容易倒。马凳筋的垂直高度为板厚减上下保护层再减去三层钢筋直径之和， may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and 马凳钢筋一般图纸上不注，只有个别设计者设计马凳，大都由项目工程师在施工组织设计中详细标明其规格、长度和间距，通常马凳的规格比板受力筋小一个级别，如板筋直径ф12可用直径为ф10的钢筋做马凳，当然也可与板筋相同。纵向和横向的间距一般为1米。不过具体问题还得具体对待，如果是双层双向的板筋为ф8，钢筋刚度较低，需要缩小马凳之间的距离，如间距为@800*800，如果是双层双向的板筋为ф6马凳间距则为@500*500。有的板钢筋规格较大，如采用直径ф14，那么马凳间距可适当放大。总之马凳设置的原则是固定牢上层钢筋网，能承受各种施工活动荷载，确保上层钢筋的保护层在规范规定的范围内。板厚很小时可不配置马凳，如小于100MM的板马凳的高度小于50mm，无法加工，可以用短钢筋头或其它材料代替。 筏板基础中措施钢筋不一定采用马凳钢筋而往往采用钢支架形式，支架必须经过计算才能确定它的规格和间距，才能确保支架的稳定性和承载力。在确定支架的荷载时除计算上部钢筋荷载外考虑施工荷载。支架立柱间距一般为1500MM，在立柱上只需设置一个方向的通长角铁，这个方向应该是与上部钢筋最下一皮钢筋垂直，间距一般为2000米。除此之外还要用斜撑焊接。支架的设计应该要有计算式，经过审批才能施工，不能只凭经验，支架规格、间距过小造成浪费，支架规格、间距过大可能造成基础钢筋整体塌陷严重后果。所以支架设计不能掉以轻心。 总而言之，马凳的设置要符合够用适度的原则，既能满足要求又要节约资源。 有些地方定额对马凳筋的计算有明确规定，那么按定额规则计算，但这个计算结果只能用于预算和结算不能用于施工下料，因为它仅仅是个重量，而不是从它本身的功能和受力特征来计算，所以在一定程度上它不适用于施工。 马凳筋的根数如何计算。可按面积计算根数，马凳筋个数=板面积/马凳筋横向间距*纵向间距，如果板筋设计成底筋加支座负筋的形式，且没有温度筋时那么马凳个数必须扣除中空部分。梁可以起到马凳筋作用，所以马凳个数须扣梁。电梯井、楼梯间和板洞部位无需马凳不应计算，楼梯马凳另行计算。 以上是传统式马凳筋的情况，随之施工工艺的发展，现在越来越多的马凳筋形式出现在建筑市场上，例如现在建筑市场上，塑料马凳在施工现场用的较多，它的优点是便宜，一个只需约0.5元，如果采购量大价格则更低。但用塑料马凳的缺点是塑料的强度低于混凝土强度，且塑料与混凝土的粘结力差，所以塑料马凳的分布点成为混凝土强度薄弱点，影响may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and 主体结构安全。如果施工不当，也容易造成渗漏，所以塑料马凳不是最优选择。更让人不解 的是施工时按塑料马凳，结算则按钢筋马凳计算，施工单位在马凳材差和价差上赚取不当利 润。避免这一问题的关键是要有一套统一的计算标准。另外其他马凳筋形式也在不断出现在 建筑市场上，如下图所示: 那么各种形式的马凳筋在广联达钢筋2009中如何来运用软件计算其工程量呢, 现在钢筋软件在马凳筋的形式上提供了三种马凳筋的形式，分别如下图所示: may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and 因为第三种马凳筋的布置信息同第二种马凳筋的布置信息是一样的，所以现在拿第一种马凳筋同第二种马凳筋的计算结果同手工算量进行对比。 在第二种和第三种马凳筋钢筋信息处，只能填入数量+级别+直径或级别加直径+排距。在这里要指出的是，前面首先说道的数量+级别+直径，这种方法是要自己计算马凳筋有多少数量，显然在此处不方便，同使用软件，让软件快速算量的目的相违背;第二种钢筋形式是级别+直径+排距，这里的排距，是由属性中线形马凳筋方向决定此处马凳筋的排距值哪个地方。 有上述内容，下面举例说明第二种马凳筋的软件计算方法。首先绘制一块板(长15米，宽21米)此处以大板来反映内容，在此板上布置底筋同面积，马凳筋选择第二种，线形马凳筋方向按软件默认为“平行横向受力筋”，马凳筋参数图设置如下: may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and 汇总计算完毕，板编辑钢筋为下图所示，反映此板马凳筋个数及长度。 首先分析马凳筋的长度，长度即为属性中所输入的马凳筋参数中所输入数值之和。根 数计算为【水平距离/马凳筋参数图中所输入水平段长度+1】*【垂直距离/马凳筋排距(即 为马凳筋信息中所输入数值)】。所以此时马凳筋根数为:【(15/1+1)】取整*【(21/1)】取整 =336根。 同理，将马凳筋钢筋信息中输入B12-2000: may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and 此时马凳筋根数为:【(15/1+1)】取整*【(21/2)】取整=176根。 知道了软件计算马凳筋的思路及方法后，现在研究其变化，等调整马凳筋信息及参数图中数值使其计算根数同手工算量想符合后，发现当调整参数图中马凳筋尺寸会涉及到马凳筋总长度的变化。所以软件提供的第二种及第三种马凳筋布置形式在实际工程中虽然马凳筋形式更接近实际施工所采用马凳筋形状，但是计算结果却不相同。 以上是当马凳筋支撑面筋时的计算方法，下面结合马凳筋上支撑板支座负筋来研究软件算量同手工算量的不同之处。 经过本人的测验，现马凳筋工程量结果如下表所示: 此时马凳筋根数为:【(15/1+1)】取整*【(21/2)】取整=176根。 知道了软件计算马凳筋的思路及方法后，现在研究其变化，等调整马凳筋信息及参数图中数值使其计算根数同手工算量想符合后，发现当调整参数图中马凳筋尺寸会涉及到马凳筋总长度的变化。所以软件提供的第二种及第三种马凳筋布置形式在实际工程中虽然马凳筋形式更接近实际施工所采用马凳筋形状，但是计算结果却不相同。 以上是当马凳筋支撑面筋时的计算方法，下面结合马凳筋上支撑板支座负筋来研究软件算量同手工算量的不同之处。 经过本人的测验，现马凳筋工程量结果如下表所示: may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and 解释:表中板面积(长*宽)如下图所示，现以3*6为例: 由上述结果可以看出，当马登筋采用第二种形式进行布置时，软件计算的马登筋是不对的， 同实际上要求的马登筋是不同的，但是当采用第一种马登筋形式去进行布置时，例如马登筋 may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and 布置为:A12-1000*1000.这样计算出的马登筋数量同实际是相同的，所以在计算马登筋的时候要采用折算方式，也就是如果实际施工现场采用第二种，或者第三种马登筋进行布置时，可以折算成第一种马登筋形式去进行计算，虽然马登筋形式同实际施工不同，但是这样折算后的马登筋长度是一样的，根数同实际是一样的，也就使得软件计算了准确的工程量。马登筋第二种、第三种折算成第一种马登筋的示例如下: 另外通过三种马凳筋设置图下侧的软件提示可以看出，只有当采用第一种马凳筋时，软件才可以输入马凳筋支撑的面积来计算马凳筋数量，采用第二、三种马凳筋形式时，软件将以通长布置马凳筋的形式去计算马凳筋的工程量，故会比手工实际算量多出部分马凳筋数量。 另外需要明白的就算软件在计算马凳筋时的思路，软件将通过马凳筋设置中所选择的马凳筋形式及输入的参数数值，来确定马凳筋的总长度。个数会通过设置马凳筋设置中的马凳筋信息去计算马凳筋数量，知道了软件如何来计算马凳筋的思路，那么上述马凳筋折算上的一些折算数据也就能很快明白其原来了～ may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and 通过上述内容，使我对软件的运用有了很大的认识，软件只是预算人员手中的一个 快速算量的工具，具体这个工具如何来运用，就要看个人如何来巧妙的运用了，虽然马凳筋 的形式很多，各种形式马凳筋在日后的建筑行业会不断出现，但是只要掌握了软件计算其工 程量的原理，一切都会迎刃而解。 may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () [single topics] option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers ' professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and