vpcs

VPCS(1) Virtual PC Simulator VPCS(1) NAME vpcs ï Virtual PC Simulator SYNOPSIS vpcs [options] [scriptfile] DESCRIPTION The VPCS provides a command line interface to nine simulated virtual PCs. You can ping/trace route from/to them, or ping/trace route other hosts/routers from the virtual PCs, making it an ideal study tool when you simulate Cisco or Juniper routers in a Dynamips or GNS3 environment. Virtual PCs are able to generate and respond to ICMP (ping), TCP and UDP packets delivered to the application via a UDP pipe or Unix tap interface. If scriptfile is specified, then vpcs reads the file on start- up and executes the commands in the scriptfile. scriptfile must be in vpcs script file format. vpcs listens for messages on nine consecutive UDP ports and sends messages on nine consecutive UDP ports. By the default, vpcs listens on UDP ports 20000 to 20008 and sends messages on UDP ports 30000 to 30008. Each UDP port pair (20000/30000, 20001/30001...20008/30008) represents a virtual PC. Virtual PCs are numbered 1 to 9. OPTIONS -h, --help Print the command line options and exit -v Print the version information and exit [-r] scriptfile If scriptfile is specified, then vpcs reads the file on start-up and executes the commands in the scriptfile. scriptfile must be in vpcs script file format. By default, if a file named startup.vpc exists in the directory where the vpcs program was started, it will be read and executed when vpcs starts. The -r option is optional if scriptfile is the last parameter. -p port Run vpcs as a daemon process listening on TCP port specified by port. As a daemon process, vpcs does not present a command line interface to the user, but the command line interface can be accessed remotely using a TCP stream application such as telnet or netcat (nc). Once the daemon has been started, there is no internal mechanism for terminating the program, and the program must be terminated by sending a system signal 9, typically by using the command kill -9 PID (where PID is the process id of the vpcs instance) -m num vpcs uses 9 consecutive MAC addresses for the 9 vpcs stating at 00:50:79:66:68:00 by default. The -m option adds num to the last byte of the base MAC address. Should any increment cause the last byte exceed 0xFF during this process, it will increment to 0x00. -e On systems that support the /dev/tapx interface (Unix/Linux), run vpcs in tap mode rather than UDP mode. In tap mode, IP packets are sent and received via /dev/tapx interfaces rather than via UPD streams. Typically /dev/tapx interfaces are only available to the root user, meaning vpcs would also be required to be run by the root user (sudo vpcs -e) to use tap mode. [-u] This option is the default and not necessary, but included to contrast with the -e option. By default, vpcs sends and receives IP packets to and from specified UDP ports. vpcs listens on UDP port 20000 and sends to port 127.0.0.1:30000 by default. The listening and sending ports can be manipulated using the -s, -c and -t options. UDP Mode Options -s port port specifies the base port number that vpcs uses to listen for messages. By default vpcs listens for messages on UDP ports 20000 to 20008. By changing the base port that vpcs listens to using the -s option causes nine consecutive UDP ports to be used starting at the port specified by port. -t ip vpcs streams packets to nine UDP ports commencing at 127.0.0.1:30000 by default. The -t option allows you to stream packets to a remote host as specified by IPv4 address ip. Typically the remote host will be running dynamips with a cloud connection configured to link to this hostâs IP address. 4.0b2 2012-08-07 1 VPCS(1) Virtual PC Simulator VPCS(1) -c port vpcs streams packets to nine UDP ports commencing at 127.0.0.1:30000. The -c option allows you to stream packets to a different set of nine ports commencing at the base port number specified by port. EXAMPLES No command line options If you start the vpcs with no arguments, vpcs will start and look for the script startup.vpc in the current directory. If it exists, it will run the script. This is the normal way of running the vpcs. It is simply envoked from the command line like this: vpcs Starting vpcs with an alternative startup file To start vpcs with a startup script file called say alternate.vpc, use the file name as an argument to the vpcs command: vpcs alternate.vpc Running more than nine Virtual PCs Suppose you needed more than nine Virtual PCs, so you want to run a second instance of vpcs on your local host. You would have to consider: 1. The VPCs MAC addresses for the second instance would need to be different, 2. The "local" or listening UDP port numbers for the second instance would have to differ from the first instance. 3. The remote UDP port numbers for the second instance would have to differ from the first instance. Since the default local listening port is 20000, and the default remote port is 30000, you would want to start vpcs with a local listening port of 20009 (or greater) and remote port of 30009 (or greater) . You would also want the base MAC address to be offset by at least nine to avoid any clashes. In this case you would use the command: vpcs -s 20009 -c 30009 -m 9 Running two instances of vpcs that can communicate with each other on the one host Suppose you wanted to run a second instance of vpcs on your local host that can communicate with the instance already running with a default configuration. You would have to consider: 1. The VPCs MAC addresses for the second instance would need to be different, 2. The "local" or listening UDP port numbers for the second instance would have to match the "remote" port numbers of the first instance 3. The remote UDP port numbers would have to match the "local" or listening UDP port numbers of the first instance Since the default local listening port is 20000, and the default remote port is 30000, you would want to start vpcs with a local listening port of 30000 and remote port of 20000. You would also want the base MAC address to be offset by at least nine to avoid any clashes. In this case you would use the command: vpcs -s 30000 -c 20000 -m 9 INTERFACE vpcs presents the user with a command line interface (unless daemon mode has been invoked by the -p option). The interface prompt indicates which of the 9 virtual PCs currently has focus by indicating the VPC number in brackets. Eg.: VPCS[1] Here the digit 1 inside the brackets indcates that VPC 1 has focus, and any traffic generated will be sent from VPC 1, and basic show commands will relate to VPC 1. 4.0b2 2012-08-07 2 VPCS(1) Virtual PC Simulator VPCS(1) Basic commands supported are: ? Print help Switch to the VPC. range 1 to 9 arp Shortcut for: show arp. Show arp table clear [arguments] Clear IPv4/IPv6, arp/neighbor cache, command history dhcp [-options] Shortcut for: ip dhcp. Get IPv4 address via DHCP echo Display in output help Print help history Shortcut for: show history. List the command history ip [arguments] Configure VPC’s IP settings load <filename> Load the configuration/script from the file <filename> ping [-options] Ping the network with ICMP (default) or TCP/UDP quit Quit program rlogin [] Telnet to host relative to HOST PC save <filename> Save the configuration to the file <filename> set [arguments] Set VPC name, peer ports, dump options, echo on or off show [arguments] Print the information of VPCs (default). Try show ? sleep [text] Print and pause the running script for trace [-options] Print the path packets take to network version Shortcut for: show version vpcs script file format Any text file consisting of valid vpcs commands can be used as a vpcs script file. Lines in the file beginning with the # character will be treated as comments and ignored. Command files can make use of the echo and sleep commands to create some form of interactive script. Script file exececution can be aborted at any time by pressing Ctrl+c. This means that the ping -t command (which must be terimated by Ctrl+c) is not useful in vpcs script files. BUGS IPv6 implementation is a basic implementation that is not fully implemented. The ping -t command (which must be terimated by Ctrl+c) can not be used in vpcs script files because when Ctrl+c is pressed to stop the ping, it also aborts the script file execution. Please send problems, bugs, questions, desirable enhancements, patches etc to the author. AUTHOR Paul Meng Documentation by Chris Welsh COPYRIGHT VPCS is free software, distributed under the terms of the "BSD" licence. Source code and license can be found at vpcs.sf.net. For more information, please visit wiki.freecode.com.cn. 4.0b2 2012-08-07 3