ISO 6603-2-2000塑料.硬质塑料击穿性能的测定 第2部分 仪器冲击试验

Reference number ISO 6603-2:2000(E) © ISO 2000 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6603-2 Second edition 2000-10-01 Plastics — Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics — Part 2: Instrumented impact testing Plastiques — Détermination du comportement des plastiques rigides perforés sous l'effet d'un choc — Partie 2: Essais de choc instrumentés Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- ISO 6603-2:2000(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. © ISO 2000 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 � CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyright@iso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii © ISO 2000 – All rights reservedCopyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- ISO 6603-2:2000(E) © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved iii Contents Page Fore word word文档格式规范word作业纸小票打印word模板word简历模板免费word简历 .....................................................................................................................................................................iv 1 Scope ..............................................................................................................................................................1 2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................1 3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................................................1 4 Principle..........................................................................................................................................................5 5 Apparatus .......................................................................................................................................................5 6 Test specimens..............................................................................................................................................9 7 Procedure .......................................................................................................................................................9 8 Calculations..................................................................................................................................................10 9 Precision.......................................................................................................................................................12 10 Test report ....................................................................................................................................................12 Annex A (informative) Interpretation of complex force-deflection curves..........................................................14 Annex B (informative) Friction between striker and specimen ............................................................................16 Annex C (informative) Clamping of specimens......................................................................................................19 Annex D (informative) Tough/brittle transitions.....................................................................................................20 Annex E (informative) Influence of specimen thickness.......................................................................................21 Bibliography ..............................................................................................................................................................23 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - ISO 6603-2:2000(E) iv © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 6603 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 6603-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2, Mechanical properties. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6603-2:1989), which has been technically revised. ISO 6603 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics — Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics: � Part 1: Non-instrumented impact testing � Part 2: Instrumented impact testing Annexes A to E of this part of ISO 6603 are for information only. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6603-2:2000(E) © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved 1 Plastics — Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics — Part 2: Instrumented impact testing 1 Scope This part of ISO 6603 specifies a test method for the determination of puncture impact properties of rigid plastics, in the form of flat specimens, using instruments for measuring force and deflection. It is applicable if a force-deflection or force-time diagram, recorded at nominally constant striker velocity, is necessary for detailed characterization of the impact behaviour. ISO 6603-1 can be used if it is sufficient to characterize the impact behaviour of plastics by a threshold value of impact-failure energy based on many test specimens. It is not the purpose of this part of ISO 6603 to give an interpretation of the mechanism occurring on every particular point of the force-deflection diagram. These interpretations are a task for scientific research. NOTE See also clause 1 of ISO 6603-1:2000. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 6603. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 6603 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 2602:1980, Statistical interpretation of test results — Estimation of the mean — Confidence interval. ISO 6603-1:2000, Plastics — Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics — Part 1: Non- instrumented impact testing. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 6603, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 impact velocity v0 velocity of the striker relative to the support at the moment of impact NOTE Impact velocity is expressed in metres per second (m/s). Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - ISO 6603-2:2000(E) 2 © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved 3.2 force F force exerted by the striker on the test specimen in the direction of impact NOTE Force is expressed in newtons (N). 3.3 deflection l relative displacement between the striker and the specimen support, starting from the first contact between the striker and the test specimen NOTE Deflection is expressed in millimetres (mm). 3.4 energy E energy expended in deforming and penetrating the test specimen up to a deflection l NOTE 1 Energy is expressed in joules (J). NOTE 2 Energy is measured as the integral of the force-deflection curve starting from the point of impact up to a deflection l. 3.5 maximum force FM maximum force occurring during the test See Figures 1 to 4. NOTE Maximum force is expressed in newtons (N). 3.6 deflection at maximum force lM deflection that occurs at maximum force FM See Figures 1 to 4. NOTE Deflection at maximum force is expressed in millimetres (mm). 3.7 energy to maximum force EM energy expended up to the deflection lM at maximum force See Figures 1 to 4. NOTE Energy to maximum force is expressed in joules (J). 3.8 puncture deflection lP deflection at which the force has dropped to half the maximum force FM See Figures 1 to 4 and note to 3.9. NOTE Puncture deflection is expressed in millimetres (mm). Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- ISO 6603-2:2000(E) © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved 3 3.9 puncture energy EP energy expended up to the puncture deflection lP See Figures 1 to 4 and note 2. NOTE 1 Puncture energy is expressed in joules (J). NOTE 2 When testing tough materials, a transducer mounted at some distance from the impacting tip may record frictional force acting between the cylindrical part of the striker and the punctured material. The corresponding frictional energy shall not be included in the puncture energy, which, therefore, is restricted to that deflection, at which the force drops to half the maximum force FM. 3.10 impact failure mechanical behaviour of the material under test which may be either one of the following types (see note): a) YD yielding (zero slope at maximum force) followed by deep drawing b) YS yielding (zero slope at maximum force) followed by (at least partially) stable cracking c) YU yielding (zero slope at maximum force) followed by unstable cracking d) NY no yielding See Figures 1 to 4. NOTE Comparison of Figures 2 and 3 shows puncture deflection lP and puncture energy EP are identical for the failure types YS and YU. As shown in Figure 4, identical values at maximum and at puncture are found for the deflection as well as the energy in the case of failure type YU. For complex behaviour see annex A. Figure 1 — Example of force-deflection diagram for failure by yielding (zero slope at maximum force) followed by deep drawing, and typical appearance of specimens after testing (with lubrication) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- ISO 6603-2:2000(E) 4 © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved Figure 2 — Example of force-deflection diagram for failure by yielding (zero slope at maximum force) followed by stable crack growth, and typical appearance of specimens after testing (with lubrication) NOTE Natural vibration of the force detector can be seen after unstable cracking (striker and load cell). Figure 3 — Example of force-deflection diagram for failure by yielding (zero slope at maximum force) followed by unstable crack growth, and typical appearance of specimens after testing (with lubrication) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - ISO 6603-2:2000(E) © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved 5 Figure 4 — Example of force-deflection diagram for failure without yielding followed by unstable crack growth, and typical appearance of specimens after testing (with lubrication) 4 Principle The test specimen is punctured at its centre using a lubricated striker, perpendicularly to the test-specimen surface and at a nominally uniform velocity. The resulting force-deflection or force-time diagram is recorded electronically. The test specimen may be clamped in position during the test. The force-deflection diagram obtained in these tests records the impact behaviour of the specimen from which several features of the behaviour of the material may be inferred. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Testing device, consisting of the following essential components: � energy carrier, which may be inertial-mass type or hydraulic type (see 5.1.1); � striker, which shall be lubricated; � specimen support with a recommended clamping device. The test device shall permit the test specimen to be punctured at its centre, perpendicular to its surface at a nominally constant velocity. The force exerted on the test specimen in the direction of impact and the deflection from the centre of the test specimen in the direction of impact shall be derivable or measurable (see Figure 5). 5.1.1 Energy carrier, with a preferred impact velocity v0 of (4,4 � 0,2) m/s (see 3.1 and note to 3.1). To avoid results, which cannot be compared due to the viscoelastic behaviour of the material under impact, the decrease of velocity during the test shall not be greater than 20 %. NOTE For brittle materials, an impact velocity of 1 m/s may be found to be more appropriate because it reduces the level of vibration and noise and improves the quality of the force-deflection diagram (see annex A). 5.1.1.1 Hydraulic type, consisting of a high-speed testing machine with suitable attachments. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- ISO 6603-2:2000(E) 6 © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved Any deviation of the velocity of the striker relative to the support during impact shall be controlled, for example by recording deflection-time curves and checking the slope. 5.1.1.2 Inertial-mass type, which may be accelerated gravitationally, spring- or pneumatically-assisted. Suitable devices are falling-dart machines. In the case of a gravitationally accelerated mass and neglecting frictional losses; the impact velocity v0 corresponds to a drop height H0 of the energy carrier of (1,0 � 0,1) m. For all inertial-mass-type energy carriers the impact velocity shall be measured by velocity-measuring sensors placed close to the point of impact. The maximum decrease of velocity during test results in the minimum mass, mC, of the carrier according to equations (1) and (2) (see note). mC W 6 E�/v02 (1) mC W 0,31 E� for v0 = 4,4 m/s (2) where mC is the mass of the energy carrier, expressed in kilograms; E� is the highest puncture energy to be measured, expressed in joules (see 3.9); v0 is the impact velocity (4,4 m/s, see 3.1). NOTE In many cases, a weighted energy carrier with a total mass mC of 20 kg has been found to be sufficient for the larger striker and of 5 kg for the smaller striker (see 5.1.2). 5.1.2 Striker, preferably having a polished hemispherical striking surface of diameter (20,0 � 0,2) mm. Alternatively, a (10 � 0,1) mm diameter striking surface may be used. NOTE 1 The size and dimensions of the striker and condition of the surface will affect the impact results. The striker shall be made of any material with sufficient resistance to wear and of sufficiently high strength to prevent plastic deformation. In practice, hardened steel or materials with lower density (i.e. titanium) have been found acceptable. The hemispherical surface of the striker shall be lubricated to reduce any friction between the striker and the test specimen (see note 2 and annex B). NOTE 2 Test results obtained with a lubricated or dry striker are likely to be different. Below ambient temperatures, condensation can act as a lubricant. The load cell shall be located within one striker diameter from the tip of the striker, i.e. mounted as closely as possible to the tip to minimize all extraneous forces and sufficiently near to fulfil the frequency-response requirement (see 5.2). An example is shown in Figure 5. 5.1.3 Support ring (see Figures 5 and 6), placed on a rigid base and designed such that air can not be trapped under the test specimen, thus avoiding a possible spring effect. Below the support ring, there shall be sufficient space for the striker to travel after total penetration of the test specimen. The recommended inside diameter of the support ring is (40 � 2) mm, or alternatively (100 � 5) mm, with a minimum height of 12 mm. 5.1.4 Base for test device, firmly mounted to a rigid structure so that the mass of the base (see Figure 5) is of sufficient stiffness to minimize deflection of the specimen support. When calculating the deflection from the kinetics of the accelerated mass, a minimum mass ratio mB/mC of 10 between base (mB) and energy carrier (mC) shall be used. This prevents the base from being accelerated by more than 1 % of the impact speed up to the end of the test. For directly measured deflections, this minimum ratio is a recommendation only. For the principles of this specification see annex B of ISO 179-2:1997 [5]. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - ISO 6603-2:2000(E) © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved 7 Key 1 Test specimen 5 Test specimen support 2 Hemispherical striker tip 6 Clamping ring (optional) 3 Load cell (preferred position) 7 Base 4 Shaft 8 Acoustical isolation (optional) Figure 5 — Example of test device Dimensions in millimetres Side of square or diameter of disc Specimen type 60 140 D2 40 � 2 100 � 5 D3 60 140 D4 W 90 W 200 H 12 12 R 1 1 Key 1 Clamping ring (optional) 2 Test specimen support Figure 6 — Clamping d