大学英语_The Virtues of Growing Older

Unit7TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderContentsWarmingUp1Pre-reading2While-reading3Post-Reading41.Tograspthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext   2.Tounderstandthemainidea,structureofthetextandtheauthor’swritingstyle  3.Toconductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothetheme4.Toconsiderthesolutionoftheagingprobleminoursociety I.TimeAllotment8II.TeachingObjectivesandRequirementsTheVirtuesofGrowingOlder1.Keylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext2.Structureofthetextandtheauthor’swritingstyleIII.KeyPointsandDifficultPointsinTeachingIV.TeachingProcessTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderWarmingupYouthisnotatimeoflife;itisastateofmind;itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderOilofOlayOilofOlay,aglobalbusinessnow,beganinthehomelaboratoryofchemistGrahamWulffintheearly1950s.UsinghiswifeDinahashismuseandresearchrespondent,hebegantotrulyunderstandwhatwomenreallywanted:younger-lookingandbeautifulskin.Itwaswiththisunderstandingthathewasabletoperfecthisformula.FinallyOilofOlaycameout.BackgroundinformationTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderGrecianFormulaGrecianFormula,firstintroducedin1961,isapopularmen’shaircoloringproductintheUnitedStates.Itisavailableasaclearliquid,creamandfoam.Oneoftheproduct’smainfeaturesisthatitworksgradually,sothecolorchangeisnotasnoticeableaswithdyeproducts.Someofthedrawbacksarethatitdoesn’tworkwellwithfacialhair,anditmustbeuseddailyforthefirstweekortwo,whichsomepeoplefindinconvenient.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderBackgroundinformationMiddleageMiddleageisusuallyconsideredtobefromaround40to60.manypeopleintheir30sdonotwanttobecomemiddle-aged.Whenyouare40,youarenolongerconsideredtobeyoung.Middle-agedpeopleareoftenthoughtofbyyoungerpeopleasboringandold-fashionedintheirattitudesandwayoflife.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderBackgroundinformationAoAistheFederalfocalpointandadvocateagencyforolderpersonsandtheirconcerns.Inthisrole,AoAworkstoheightenawarenessamongotherFederalagencies,organizations,groups,andthepublicaboutthevaluablecontributionsthatolderAmericansmaketotheNationandalertsthemtotheneedsofvulnerableolderpeople.Throughinformationandreferralandoutreacheffortsatthecommunitylevel,AoAseekstoeducateolderpeopleandtheircaregiversaboutthebenefitsandservicesavailabletohelpthem.Forover35years,theAoAhasprovidedhomeandcommunity-basedservicestomillionsofolderpersonsthroughtheprogramsfundedundertheOlderAmericansAct,suchasthehome-deliveredmealsprograms,nutritionservicesincongregatesettings,transportation,adultdaycare,legalassistance,andhealthpromotionprograms,etc.AoA’sNationalFamilyCaregiverSupportProgramprovidesavarietyofservicestohelppeoplewhoarecaringforfamilymemberswhoarechronicallyillorwhohavedisabilities.AoA’sgoalistomakesurethatallolderAmericansandtheirfamilieshavetheinformationandassistancetheyneedtomakeinformeddecisionsabouttheirlifechoicesnowandinthefuture,choicesthathelppeoplemaintainandimprovetheirhealthastheyage.1.What,inyouropinion,aretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofgrowingolder?2.Whatdoyouthinkarethevirtuesofbeingyoung?3.Howshouldthewholesocietytakecareoftheoldpeople?Pre-readingquestions TheVirtuesofGrowingOldergoodmemorydowhateverlikenewthoughtsnotmuchworryfoodandclothingbecomebeautifuladvantagesnowork,noburdenenjoythelifeunderstandlifeexperienced,insightfultoleratefamilyunionTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderTheYoungTheoldmakemistakesnoexperienceeasytobecheatednoplan;selfishoverconfidentcan’tunderstandothersdisadvantageslonely;unbelievingfood,transportationdressing;poorhealthseldomacceptnewthoughtTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderTheYougTheoldenergetic;creativeinnovative;impulsiveemulative['ɛmjə,letɪv]impatient;curiousstayuplatefeaturesconservative,graciousverbose[vɚ'bos]patient,considerateinformedcostive['kɑstɪv] weather-beatenoutoffashionTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderTheYougTheoldTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderMainideaofthetextThetextistheauthor’sanalysisofthedistinctadvantagesofgettingolder.Meanwhile,theauthorfocusesonthevalidityofAmericanvaluesontheagingproblemthroughcitingherparents’exampletobackherview.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderTextExplanationsBeingyoungisdoubtlesslydesirable,especiallyinayouth-orientedcountrylikeAmericawhereyouthisworshipped.However,thispieceofwritingisanattempttosubvertthe“traditional”viewandconvincethereaderthatgrowingolderisnotnecessarilythatdreadful.GeneralanalysisofthetextTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderInthispieceofexpositorywritingtheauthorpointsoutanumberofadvantagesofgrowingolder.Theseadvantagesareenumeratedonthebasisoftheexperiencesofherbrotherandherown.Bymeansofcontrasttheauthorrevealstruehappinessandcontentmentinoldage,whichhaveoftenbeenoverlooked.TextExplanationsParas1-2Admittingthevirtuesofbeingyoung,theauthorwantstotalkabouttheadvantagesofgrowingoldParas3-5theadvantagesofgrowingoldPara6AmericanvaluesontheagingproblemTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderStructuralAnalysisTheVirtuesofGrowingOlder1.Whydopeoplewanttohidetheirgrayhairanddelaytheeffectofaging?2.Whatdoesthewritermeanwhenshesays“it’sun-Americantosayso”?3.Doesthewriterdenythevirtuesofbeingyoung?While-reading Part1Itliterallymeans“tosignacontractwiththedevil,sothatthedevilwouldhelpyoubecomeyoungagain”.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderWhile-reading Part1Para2,“…gladlysignwiththedeviljusttobeyoungagain”Inthetextitismetaphoricallyusedtomean“readytodoanything,eventoworkforthedeviljusttobeyoungagain”.即便是给恶魔卖命，三十岁以上的人谁不乐意以此来换回失去的青春呢？1worshiptoshowrespectandloveforagodtoadmireandlovesbhero-worshipTheybowedtheirheadsinworship.Your/HisWorshipactofworship(=religiousceremony)TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderGodistheirworship.Hewasworshipedbyhispeople.Collocation:2agingtheprocessofgrowingoldagebracketagerangeagegrouptheageofconsenttheNewAgemovementoldagepensionTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderEveryonewillexperienceaging.Collocation:3dreadtofeelgreatfearoranxietyaboutI’vegotaninterviewwiththebankmanagertomorrow–I’mdreadingit.Healwaysdreadedaskingthemfortheirrentbecauseheknewitwouldendinanargument.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderCollocation:dreaddoingdreadsb.doingIdreadtothinkthatbe/liveindreadofn.dreaded/dreadfuladj.noticeable;unmistakable4distinctThereisadistinctpossibilitythatshe’llbeappointedmanagerofthecompany.distinctfromAdistinctlackofenthusiasmdistincttypes/groups/categoriesTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderCollocation:TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderPara3:toofferthefirstadvantagesofgrowingolder–notbeingobsessedwithone’sappearance.Para4:todiscussthesecondadvantage—peopleintheirfortiesarelessuncertainthanadolescents.Para5:topresentthethirdandthegreatestbenefitofgrowingolderWhile-reading Part2Para3techniquecontrasttoprojectthedifferencebetweenadolescentsandpeopleintheirforties.2aspectstheshapeoftheirbodiesandclothesTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderWhile-reading Part25beapttodosthbeinclinedtoThepunishmentshouldbeaptforthecrime.appropriateanaptpupil/studentHewasapttoblurtoutthewholetruth,incaseswhereotherpeoplewouldhavekeptsilenceCollocation:While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderShebecameobsessedinheroldagewithwhattodowithherimmensewealth.6obsessedwithtohaveanunreasonablystrongandcontinuousinterestinsb/sthbeobsessingabout/overtothinkaboutsthorsbmuchmorethanisnecessaryorsensibleStopobsessingaboutyourhair.It'sfine.Alotofyounggirlsareobsessedbytheirweight.While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder7feverishlyadv.excitedly,Sheworkedfeverishly.at/tofeverpitchCollocation:Theyarefeverishlybuildinguptheirarmedforces.fevern.feverishadj.Derivation:While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderEatinglessmeatanddoingmoreexercisesmakeuswiry.8wiryadj.sinewyandleanHehadawirybuild.wirinessn.Derivation:While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderwiry:leanandwithstrongsinews['sɪnju] thin:havingnotmuchfatlanky:ungracefultallandthin,[gangling]leggy:awomanistallandattractivewithlonglegsgiant:amanisverytall,esp.whenyouaresurprised.Comparison:While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder9muscularadj.Musculartissueispartofourbody.Comparison:powerful:musclen.muscularlyadv.Derivation:possessingphysicalstrengthandweightcapableofexertingpowerWhile-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder10mega-amillionHerfamilyismegarich!extremely;verybiggiga-:abillionTheirfirstrecordwasamegahit.adjgigantic兆吨megatonmegatrend大趋势While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderbytewattstarlopolispixelphonemega[电]百万瓦特[计]百万象素扩音器兆字节巨星特大都市While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder11pleadtoaskforsthinasincereway[beg]pleadwithsb(todosth.)pleadguilty/notguilty/innocentShestayedhomefromwork,pleadingillness.ThewifeofoneofthehostagesappearedonTVlastnighttopleadforherhusband’slife.Collocation:While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder12tailortoprovidesbwithclothesmadetoone’smeasurementstoadaptforaparticularendorpurposeWeshouldtailorourknowledgetotheneedofthesociety.Thejacketisperfectlytailored.这次演讲将企业领导作为目标对象。Thespeechwastailoredtoanaudienceofbusinessleaders.CollocationtailortoWhile-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder13tolerate:v.intolerableadjIfIcanbe____ofthismonstrosity,thenthereisnothing_____tome.Theheatinthisroomisbarelytolerable.tolerancen.tolerantadjtolerableadjtoputupwith;toendureDerivationWhile-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder14agonyveryseverepain;averysadexperienceHelayinagonyuntilthedoctorarrived.Hewasinagoniesofremorse.agonyauntsbwhowritesanagonycolumninanagonyofdespairCollocation:inagonyofWhile-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder15denyoneselfHedeniedhimselfallsmallpleasuresandluxuriesinhisefforttoliveaholylife.denythat/doingsthThere'snodenyingthat为了保持身体苗条，她克制自己不吃冰激凌。Tokeepslim,shedeniedherselfice-cream.Hisparentsdeniedhimtheopportunitytogotouniversity.While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder1)Shetook_____withauglyman.2)Hetook_____thejobwhichbelongstomeatfirst.takeupwithtobegintoassociatewith;toconsortwith16Comparisontoassumecontrol,managementtakeoverupoverWhile-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder17accomplishedadj.1)skilled;expert2)unquestionable;indubitableHeisanaccomplishedpianist.Thatsmokingcauseshealthproblemsisanaccomplishedfact.Collocation:beaccomplishedinaccomplishv.accomplishmentn.Derivation:While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder18sanityn.soundnessofmindHeloseshissanity.sanityofjudgment1)我怀疑他的神志是否正常。2)许多人怀疑把大量钱花在防务上是否明智。Idoubthissanity.Manypeoplequestionthesanityofhugeamountofmoneyspentondefense.While-reading Part2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderPart3(Para.6):Aftersharingherownexperienceincontrasttoadolescents’problemswiththereaders,inthisparagraphthewriterturnstheissuetothesimilartotheonementionedinthefirstparagraph:thevalidityofAmericanvaluesontheagingproblem.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderWhile-reading Part3Andwomen,I’membarrassedtoadmit,evenmorethanmen,havealwaysseemedtobeatthemercyoffashion.(Para3)Paraphrase:Idon’twanttobuthavetoadmitthatwomenarecontrolledmorebyfashionthanmen.我很无奈地承认，相对于男人，女人们更容易受控于时尚的浪潮。Post-reading ParaphraseTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderBothofusliketodressourselveswithfashionableclothes,however,wenolongerfollowthefashionblindly.Thetwoofusenjoywearingfashionableclothes,butwearenolongerslavestostyle.(para3)虽然仍喜欢穿时髦的衣服，但我们已不再盲目追逐时尚了。Paraphrase:Post-reading ParaphraseTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderItmeanstryingonnewselvesbytakingupwithdifferentcrowds.(Para5)Paraphrase:Itmeanstryingbehavingdifferentlyfromtheirusualselvesbyassociatingwithdifferentpeople.年轻意味着和不同的人群交往，不断尝试崭新的自我。Post-reading ParaphraseTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderTheircontentmentholdsoutgreatpromiseformeasImoveintothenext—perhapsevenbetter—phaseofmylife.(Para6)Paraphrase:TheircontentmentmakesmebelievethatI’llalsobehappy.他们的知足也让我在步入下一步人生历程时看到了希望。Post-reading ParaphraseTheVirtuesofGrowingOlder1.Manyvainyoungpeopleareobsessedwithfancycarsdespitethefactthattheyarenotyetrichenoughtoaffordthem.2.Theirmarriagefinallyfellapartwhenhisaffairwithanotherwomanwasfoundoutbyhiswife.3.Forartisticinspiration,theartistlivedinthecountryfor3years,wherehedeniedhimselfmanycomfortsinlife.Exercise TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderTranslationP356.Shehastakenupwithanmanoldenoughtobeherfather,whichisadisgracetoherparents.5.WhenhewasyounghewenttoJapantolearnmedicine,butafterhereturnedtoChina,hechangedhismindandpursuedacareerasawriterallhislife.Exercise TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder4.I’mnotsureifwehavetheexcursiontoChongmingIslandtomorrow.It’satthemercyoftheweather.TranslationP35Exercise TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder7.Since1978,oureconomyhaswitnessedarapiddevelopmentincontrastthatofsomedevelopedcountrieshasdeclined.8.Theearthquakeisolatedthecityfromotherareas.Iamafraidtheirfoodsupplieswillnotholdoutthroughthewinter.TranslationP35Post-reading DiscussionTheVirtuesofGrowingOlder1.Thinkofsomeefficientwaystosolvetheagingproblem.2.Whomdoyouprefertomakefriendswith,theyoungortheold?3.ObserveandDescribesomeoftheoccasionsthatpeopleshowtheirconcerntotheold.Listening-dictation Ithinkthatasuccessfuloldageiseasiestforthosewhohavestrongimpersonalinterestsleadingtosuitableactivities.Itisintheseactivitiesthatlongexperienceisreallyfruitful,andthatthewisdombornofexperiencecanbeusedwithoutbecomingaburden.Itisnousetellinggrown-upchildrennottmakemistakes,bothbecausetheywillnotbelieveyou,andbecausemistakesareanessentialpartofeducation.Butifyouareoneofthosewhoareincapableofimpersonalinterests,youmayfindthatyourlifewillbeemptyunlessyouconcernyourselfwithyourchildrenandgrandchildren.Inthatcastyoumustrealizethatwhileyoucanstillhelptheminmaterialways,youmustnotexpectthattheywillenjoyyourcompany.SamuelUllmanYOUTHYouthisnotatimeoflife;itisastateofmind;itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，恢宏的想象，炙热的恋情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。Youthmeansatempera-mentalredominanceofcourageovertimidity,oftheappetiteforadventureovertheloveofease.Thisoftenexistsinamanof60morethanaboyof20.Nobodygrowsoldmerelybyanumberofyears.Wegrowoldbydesertingourideals.青春气贯长虹，勇锐盖过怯弱，进取压倒苟安。如此锐气，二十后生而有之，六旬男子则更多见。年岁有加，并非垂老，理想丢弃，方堕暮年。青春塞缪尔·厄尔曼Yearsmaywrinkletheskin,buttogiveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.Worry,fear,self-distrustbowstheheartandturnsthespringbacktodust.岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤；热忱抛却，颓废必致灵魂。忧烦，惶恐，丧失自信，定使心灵扭曲，意气如灰。SamuelUllmanYOUTHWhentheaerialsaredown,andyourspiritiscoveredwithsnowsofcynicismandtheiceofpessimism,thenyouaregrownold,evenat20,butaslongasyouraerialsareup,tocatchwavesofoptimism,thereishopeyoumaydieyoungat80.一旦天线下降，锐气便被冰雪覆盖，玩世不恭、自暴自弃油然而生，即使年方二十，实已垂垂老矣；然则只要树起天线，捕捉乐观信号，你就有望在八十高龄告别尘寰时仍觉年轻。SamuelUllmanYOUTHWhether60or16,thereisineveryhumanbeing’sheartthelureofwonder,theunfailingchildlikeappetiteofwhat’snextandthejoyofthegameofliving.Inthecenterofyourheartandmyheartthereisawirelessstation:solongasitreceivesmessagesofbeauty,hope,cheer,courageandpowerfrommenandfromtheInfinite,solongareyouyoung.无论年届花甲，拟或二八芳龄，心中皆有生命之欢乐，奇迹之诱惑，孩童般天真久盛不衰。人人心中皆有一台天线，只要你从天上人间接受美好、希望、欢乐、勇气和力量的信号，你就青春永驻，风华常存。青春塞缪尔·厄尔曼　　Whenyouareoldandgreyandfullofsleep　　　　Andnoddingbythefire,takedownthisbook　　　　Andslowlyread,anddreamofthesoftlook　　　　Youreyeshadonce,andoftheirshadowsdeep;　　　　　　　　Howmanylovedyourmomentsofgladgrace,　　　　Andlovedyourbeautywithlovefalseortrue,　　　　Butonemanlovedthepilgrimsoulinyou,　　　　Andlovedthesorrowsofyourchangingface;　　　　　　　　Andbendingdownbesidetheglowingbars,　　　　Murmur,alittlesadly,howlovefled　　　　Andpaceduponthemountainsoverhead　　　　Andhidhisfaceamidacrowdofstars.WhenYouAreOldBYWilliamButlerYeatsBYWilliamButlerYeats　　　　当你老了，头白了，睡意昏沉，　　　　炉火旁打盹，请取下这部诗歌，　　　　慢慢读，回想你过去眼神的柔和，　　　　回想它们昔日浓重的阴影；　　　　　　　　多少人爱你青春欢畅的时辰，　　　　爱慕你的美丽，假意或真心，　　　　只有一个人爱你那朝圣者的灵魂，　　　　爱你衰老了的脸上痛苦的皱纹；　　　　　　　　垂下头来，在红光闪耀的炉子旁，　　　　凄然地轻轻诉说那爱情的消逝，　　　　在头顶的山上它缓缓踱着步子，　　　　在一群星星中间隐藏着脸庞当你老了Asfarasmyeyescansee在我的视线所及Thereareshadowsapproachingme阴影不断向我逼近AndtothoseIleftbehind覆盖了我遗留的痕迹Iwantedyoutoknow我曾要你知道You’vealwayssharedmydeepestthoughts你一直分享着我最深的思绪YoufollowwhereIgo你跟随着我的足迹AndohOhWhenI’moldandwise智者老矣Bitterwordsmeanlittletome残酷的言语对我已毫无意义Autumnwindswillblowrightthroughme秋风将会吹透我的身体Andsomeday某一天Inthemistoftime在这时间的雾翳WhentheyaskedmeifIknewyou当他们问我是否认识你I’dsmileandsayyouwereafriendofmine我会微笑着诉说我们曾经的友谊Andthesadnesswouldbeliftedfrommyeyes眼中已消散了悲凄OhwhenI’moldandwiseOh智者老矣OldAndWise智者老矣Asfarasmyeyescansee在我的视线所及Thereareshadowssurroundingme阴影在我四周密无缝隙AndtothoseIleavebehind覆盖我遗留的痕迹Iwantyoualltoknow我要你知道You’vealwayssharedmydarkesthours你一直分享着我最阴暗的记忆I’llmissyouwhenIgo我会思念你，当我离去AndohOhWhenI’moldandwise智者老矣Heavywordsthattossedandblewme沉重的话语折磨我的心绪Likeautumnwindswillblowrightthroughme就像秋风吹透我的身体Andsomeday某一天Inthemistsoftime在这时间的雾翳Whentheyaskyouifyouknewme当他们问你是否认识我Rememberthatyouwereafriendofmine不要忘记我们曾经的友谊Asthefinalcurtainfallsbeforemyeyes当最后的幕布垂落我的眼底OhwhenI’moldandwiseOh智者老矣OldAndWise智者老矣GrowthProcessGrowthProcessGrowthProcessGrowthProcessGrowthProcessGrowthProcess