2015年12月六级考试真题及答案解析 三套汇总

2015年12月大学英语六级考试真 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 (一)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldfocusontheimpactofsocialnetworkingwebsitesonreading.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.MyfavoritebookisFacebook*.”Facebookisthenameofasocialnetworkingwebsite.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections：Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.A)Therestaurantofferssomespecialseachday.B)Therestaurantisknownforitsfoodvarieties.C)Thedressingmakesthemixedsaladveryinviting.D)Thewomanshouldmixtheingredientsthoroughly.2.A)HetookoverthefirmfromMary.C)Hefailedtoforeseemajorproblems.B)Heisrunningasuccessfulbusiness.D)Heisopeninganewconsultingfirm.3.A)Someoneshouldbeputinchargeofofficesupplies.B)Themancanleavethediscsintheofficecabinet.C)Themanmayfindthesuppliesinthecabinet.D)Theprinterintheofficehasrunoutofpaper.4.A)Hehastouseamagnifyingglasstoseeclearly.C)Hehasthedictionarythewomanwants.B)Thewomancanusehisglassestoread.D)Thedictionaryisnotofmuchhelptohim.5.A)Redecoratingheroffice.C)Seekingprofessionaladvice.B)Majoringininteriordesign.D)Addingsomeofficefurniture.6.A)Problemsinportmanagement.C)Delayedshipmentofgoods.B)Improvementofportfacilities.D)Shortageofcontainerships.7.A)Theirboss.C)Theirworkload.1B)Acolleague.D)Acoffeemachine.8.A)Callthehotelmanagerforhelp.C)Holdthebanquetatadifferentplace.B)Postponetheeventuntilalaterdate.D)Getanexperttocorrecttheerror.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Hesharessomeofthehouseholdduties.C)Hecooksdinnerforthefamilyoccasionally.B)Heoftengoesbackhomelatefordinner.D)Hedinesoutfromtimetotimewithfriends.10.A)Totakehimtodinner.C)Todiscussanurgentproblem.B)Totalkaboutabudgetplan.D)Topassonanimportantmessage.11.A)ForeigninvestorsarelosingconfidenceinIndia’seconomy.B)ManymultinationalenterprisesarewithdrawingfromIndia.C)Therearewildfluctuationsintheinternationalmoneymarket.D)ThereisasharpincreaseinIndia’sbalanceofpaymentdeficit.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Theyhaveunrealisticexpectationsabouttheotherhalf.B)Theymaynotbepreparedforalifelongrelationship.C)Theyformamorerealisticpictureoflife.D)Theytrytoadapttotheirchangingroles.13.A)Heisluckytohavevisitedmanyexoticplaces.B)Heisabletoforgetallthetroublesinhislife.C)Heisabletomeetmanyinterestingpeople.D)Heisluckytobeabletodowhatheloves.14.A)Itisstressful.B)Itisfulloffun.C)Itisallglamour.D)Itischallenging.15.A)Bothered.B)Amazed.C)Puzzled.D)Excited.SectionBDirections：Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Maintainthetraditionalorganizationalculture.B)Learnnewwaysofrelatingandworkingtogether.C)Followcloselythefastdevelopmentoftechnology.D)Learntoberespectfulinahierarchicalorganization.17.A)Howtheteamintegrateswithwhatitissupposedtoserve.B)Howtheteamisbuilttokeepimprovingitsperformance.C)Whattypeofpersonneltheteamshouldbecomposedof.D)Whatqualificationsteammembersshouldbeequippedwith.18.A)Ateammanagermustsetveryclearandhighobjectives.B)Teamsmustconsistofmembersfromdifferentcultures.C)Teammembersshouldbeknowledgeableandcreative.2D)Ateammanagershoulddevelopacertainsetofskills.PassageTwoQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)ItisaplatformforsharingideasonteachingattheUniversityofIllinois.B)Itwasmainlyusedbyscientistsandtechnicalpeopletoexchangetext.C)Itstartedoffasasuccessfulprogrambutwasunabletolastlong.D)ItisaprogramallowingpeopletoshareinformationontheWeb.20.A)Hevisitedanumberoffamouscomputerscientists.B)HemetwithanentrepreneurnamedJimClark.C)Hesoldaprogramdevelopedbyhisfriends.D)Heinvestedinaleadingcomputerbusiness.21.A)Theyhadconfidenceinhisnewideas.C)Theywereverykeenonnewtechnology.B)Theytrustedhiscomputerexpertise.D)Theybelievedinhisbusinessconnections.PassageThree22.A)Prestigeadvertising.C)Word-of-mouthadvertising.B)Institutionaladvertising.D)Distributingfreetrialproducts.23.A)Tosellaparticularproduct.C)Topromoteaspecificservice.B)Tobuilduptheirreputation.D)Toattracthigh-endconsumers.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.24.A)Byusingtheservicesoflargeadvertisingagencies.B)Byhiringtheirownprofessionaladvertisingstaff.C)Bybuyingmediaspaceinleadingnewspapers.D)Bycreatingtheirownadsandcommercials.25.A)Decideonwhatspecificmeansofcommunicationtoemploy.B)Conductalarge-scalesurveyoncustomerneeds.C)Specifytheobjectivesofthecampaignindetail.D)Pre-testalternativeadsorcommercialsincertainregions.SectionCDirections：Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime9youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Extinctionisadifficultconcepttograsp.Itisan26concept.It’snotatalllikethekillingofindividuallifeformsthatcanberenewedthroughnormalprocessesofreproduction.Norisitsimply27numbers.Norisitdamagethatcansomehowberemediedorforwhichsomesubstitutecanbefound.Norisitsomethingthatsimplyaffectsourowngeneration.Norisitsomethingthatcouldberemediedbysomesupernaturalpower.Itisratheran28andfinalactforwhichthereisnoremedyonearthorinheaven.Aspeciesonceextinctisgoneforever.Howevermanygenerations29usincomingcenturies,noneofthemwilleverseethisspeciesthatweextinguish.Notonlyarewebringingabouttheextinctionoflife30,wearealsomakingthelandandtheairandtheseasotoxicthattheveryconditionsoflifearebeingdestroyed.31basicnaturalresources,3notonlyarethenonrenewableresourcesbeing32inafrenzy（疯狂）ofprocessing,consuming,and33,butwearealsoruiningmuchofourrenewableresources,suchastheverysoilitselfonwhichterrestrial（地球上的）lifedepends.Thechangethatistakingplaceontheearthandinourmindsisoneofthegreatestchangesevertotakeplaceinhumanaffairs,perhapsthegreatest,sincewhatwearetalkingaboutisnotsimplyanotherhistoricalchangeorcultural34,butachangeofgeologicalandbiologicalaswellaspsychologicalorderof35.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Itseemstobealawinthetechnologyindustrythatleadingcompanieseventuallylosetheirpositions,oftenquicklyandbrutally.MobilephonechampionNokia,oneofEurope’sbiggesttechnologysuccessstories,wasno36,losingitsmarketshareinjustafewyears.In2007,Nokiaaccountedformorethan40%ofmobilephonesales37Butconsumers’preferenceswerealready38towardtouch-screensmartphones.WiththeintroductionofAppletiPhoneinthemiddleofthatyear,Nokia’smarketshare39rapidlyandrevenueplunged.Bytheendof2013,NokiahadsolditsphonebusinesstoMicrosoft.WhatsealedNokia’sfatewasaseriesofdecisionsmadebyStephenElopinhispositionasCEO,whichhe40inOctober2010.EachdaythatElopspentinchargeofNokia,thecompany’smarketvaluedeclinedby$23million,makinghim,bythenumbers,oneoftheworstCEOsinhistory.ButElopwasnottheonlypersonat41Nokia’sboardresistedchange,makingitimpossibleforthecompanytoadapttorapidshiftsintheindustry.Most42,JormaOllila,whohadledNokia’stransitionfromanindustrialcompanytoatechnologygiant,wastoofascinatedbythecompany’s43successtorecognizethechangethatwasneededtosustainitscompetitiveness.Thecompanyalsoembarkedona44cost-cuttingprogram,whichincludedtheeliminationofthousandsofjobs.Thiscontributedtothe45ofthecompany’sonce-spiritedculture,whichhadmotivatedemployeestotakerisksandmakemiracles.Goodleadersleftthecompany,takingNokia’ssenseofvisionanddirectionswiththem.Notsurprisingly,muchofNokia’smostvaluabledesignandprogrammingtalentleftaswell.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)assumedF)faultK)shiftingB)biasG)incidentallyL)shrankC)desperateH)notablyM)subtleD)deteriorationI)previousN)transmittingE)exceptionJ)relayedO)worldwideSectionBDirections：Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhich4theinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.First-GenerationCollege-Goers：UnpreparedandBehindKidswhoarethefirstintheirfamiliestobravetheworldofhighereducationcomeoncampuswithlittleacademicknow-howandaremuchmorelikelythantheirpeerstodropoutbeforegraduation.A)WhenNijayWilliamsenteredcollegelastfallasafirst-generationstudentandJamaicanimmigrant,hewasacademicallyunpreparedfortherigorsofhighereducation.Likemanyfirst-generationstudents,heenrolledinamedium-sizedstateuniversitymanyofhishighschoolpeerswerealsoattending,receivedaPellGrant,andtookoutsomesmallfederalloanstocoverothercosts.Giventhehighpriceofroomandboardandtheclosenessoftheschooltohisfamily,hechosetoliveathomeandworkedbetween30and40hoursaweekwhiletakingafullclassschedule.B)WhatNijaydidn’trealizeabouthisschool—TennesseeStateUniversity—wasitsfrighteninglylowgraduationrateamere29percentforitsfirst-generationstudents.Attheendofhisfirstyear,NijaylosthisPellGrantofover$5000afternarrowlymissingthe2.0GPAcut-off,makingitimpossibleforhimtocontinuepayingforschool.C)NijayrepresentsalargeandgrowinggroupofAmericans：first-generationcollegestudentswhoenterschoolunpreparedorbehind.Tomakemattersworse,theseschoolsareill-equippedtograduatethesestudents—youngadultswhofacespecificchallengesandobstacles.Theytypicallycarryfinancialburdensthatoutweighthoseoftheirpeers,aremorelikelytoworkwhileattendingschool,andoftenrequiresignificantacademicremediation(补习）.D)MattRubinoffdirectsTmFirst,anonprofitorganizationlaunchedlastOctobertoreachouttothisspecificpopulationofstudents.Hehopestodistributethisinformationandhelpprospectivecollege-goersfindthebestpost-secondaryfit.AndwhileRubinoffbelievesthereareagoodnumberoffour-yearschoolsthattrulycareaboutthesestudentsandsetasidesignificantresourcesandprogramsforthem,hesaysthatnumberisn’thighenough.E)“It’snotonlytheselectiveandeliteinstitutionsthatprovidethoseopportunitiesforasmallsubsetofthispopulation,”Rubinoffsaid,addingthatamajorityoffirst-generationundergraduatestendtowardoptionssuchasonlineprograms,two-yearcolleges,andcommuterstateschools.“Unfortunately,theretendstobealackofinformationandsupporttohelpstudentsthinkbiggerandbroader.”F)Despitethisproblem,manystudentsarestilldrawntotheseinstitutions—andtwo-yearschoolsinparticular.Asaformerhighschoolteacher,Isawstudentschoosefamiliar,cheaperoptionsyearafteryear.Insteadofskippingoutonhighereducationaltogether,theychosecommunitycollegesorstateschoolswithlowbarsforadmittance.G)“Theyunderestimatethemselveswhenselectingauniversity,”saidDaveJarrat,amarketingexecutiveforInsideTrack,afor-profitorganizationthatspecializesincoachinglow-incomestudentsandsupportingcollegesinordertohelpstudentsthrive.“Therealityofitisthatalotoflow-incomekidscouldbegoingtoeliteuniversitiesonafullridescholarshipanddon5tevenrealizeit.”H)“Manystudentsarecomingfromasituationwherenoonearoundthemhastheexperienceofsuccessfullycompletinghighereducation,sotheyarecominginquestioningthemselvesandtheircollegeworthiness,”Jarratcontinued.Thathelpsexplainwhy,asI’mFirst’sRubinoff5indicated,theschoolstowhichthesestudentsendupresortingcanendupbeingsomeofthepoorestmatchesforthem.TheUniversityofTennesseeinKnoxvilleoffersoneexampleofthisdilemma.AflagshipuniversityintheSouth,theschoolgraduatesjust16percentofitsfirst-generationstudents,despiteitsoverallgraduationrateof71percent.Locatedonlyafewhoursapart,TheUniversityofTennesseeandTennesseeStateareworthcomparing.TennesseeState’soverallgraduationrateisatiny39percent,butatleastithasasmallergapbetweentheoutcomesforfirst-generationstudentsandthoseoftheirpeers.I)Still,theUniversityofTennesseedeservescreditforbeingtransparent.Manylargeinstitutionskeepthiskindofdatasecret—oratleastmakeitincrediblydifficulttofind.TheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,forinstance,admitsonlythatthegraduationrateforitsfirst-generationpupilsis“muchlower”thanthepercentageofallstudentswhograduatewithinfouryears(81percent).J)Itisactuallyquitedifficulttofindreliablestatisticsontheissueformanyschools.Highereducationinstitutionsare,underfederallaw,requiredtoreportgraduationrates,butthesereportstypicallyonlyincludePellrecipientnumbers—notnecessarilyratesspecifictofirst-generationstudents.Otherinitiativesfailtobreakdownthedata,too.Imaginehowintimidatingitcanbeforprospectivestudentsunfamiliarwiththecomplexitiesofhighereducationtonavigatethiskindofinformationandthenidentifywhichschoolsarethebestfit.K)ItwasthislackofinformationthatpromptedthelaunchofTmFirstin2013,originallyasanarmofitsumbrellaorganization,theCenterForStudentOpportunity.“Ifwecanhelptodirectstudentstomoreofthesetypesofcampusesandhelpstudentstounderstandthemtoberealisticandaccessibleplaces,havethemapplytotheseschoolsatgreaterfrequencyandultimatelygetinandenroll,wearegoingtoraisethesuccessrate,”Rubinoffsaid,citingavarietyofcollegesrangingfromlargestateinstitutionstosmallerprivateschools.L)ChelseaJones,whonowdirectsstudentprogrammingatI’mFirst,wasafirst-generationcollegestudentatHoward.Likeotherstudentnewtotheintimidatinghigher-educationworld,sheoftenstruggledonherpathtocollege,“Therewasn’treallyacollege-boundcultureatmyhighschool,”shesaid.“IwantedtogotocollegebutIdidn’treallyknowtheprocess.”Jonesbecameinvolvedwithacollege-accessprogramthroughPrincetonUniversityinhighschool.Now,sheattributesmuchofherunderstandingofcollegetothat：“ButonceIgottocampus,itwasacompletelydifferentballgamethatnoonereallypreparedmefor.”M)Shewasfortunate,though.Howard,awell-regardedhistoricallyblackcollege,hadanarrayofresourcesforitsfirst-generationstudents,includingmatchingkidswithcounselors,connectingfirst-generationstudentstooneanother,andTRIO,anationalprogramthatsupported200studentsonHoward’scampus.Still,Jonesrepresentsasmallpercentageoffirst-generationstudentswhoareabletogainentryintomoreeliteuniversities,whichareoftenknownforrobustfinancialaidpackagesandremarkablyhighgraduationratesforfirst-generationstudents.(Harvard,forexample,boastsasix-yeargraduationrateforunderrepresentedminoritygroupsof98percent.)N)ChristianVazquez,afirst-generationYalegraduate,isanotherexception,hissuccessstorysettinghimfarapartfromstudentssuchasNijay.“ThereisalotofsupportatYale,toanextent,afterawhile,thereistoomuchsupport,”hesaid,half-jokingaboutthecountlessresourcesavailableattheschool.Studentsareplacedinsmallgroupswithcounselors(trainedseniorsoncampus);theyhaveaccesstoculturalandethnicaffinity(联系）groups,tutoringcentersandalso6haveasummerorientationspecificallyforfirst-generationstudents(thelatterbeingoneofthemostcommonprogramsforstudents).O)“Oursupportstructurewasmorelike:‘YouaregoingtogetthroughYale;youaregoingtodowell,’”hesaid,hintingatmentors(导师）,staff,andprofessorswhoallprovidedsignificantsupportforstudentswholackedconfidenceabout“belonging”atsuchatopinstitution.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Manyfirst-generationcollege-goershavedoubtsabouttheirabilitiestogetacollegedegree.47.First-generationcollegestudentstendtohavemuchheavierfinancialburdensthantheirpeers.48.Thegraduationrateoffirst-generationstudentsatNijay’suniversitywasincrediblylow.49.SometopinstitutionslikeYaleseemtoprovidefirst-generationstudentswithmoresupportthantheyactuallyneed.50.Onenteringcollege,NijayWilliamshadnoideahowchallengingcollegeeducationwas.51.Manyuniversitiessimplyrefusetoreleasetheirexactgraduationratesforfirst-generationstudents.52.Accordingtoamarketingexecutive,manystudentsfromlow-incomefamiliesdon’tknowtheycouldhaveachanceofgoingtoaneliteuniversity.53.Someeliteuniversitiesattachgreatimportancetobuildingupthefirst-generationstudents,self-confidence.54.I’mFirstdistributesinformationtohelpfirst-generationcollege-goersfindschoolsthataremostsuitableforthem.55.Eliteuniversitiestendtograduatefirst-generationstudentsatahigherrate.SectionCDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Sayingtheycannolongerignoretherisingpricesofhealthcare,someofthemostinfluentialmedicalgroupsinthenationarerecommendingthatdoctorsweighthecosts,notjusttheeffectivenessoftreatments,astheymakedecisionsaboutpatientcare.Theshift,littlenoticedoutsidethemedicalestablishmentbutalreadycontroversialinsideit,suggeststhatdoctorsarestartingtoredefinetheirroles,frombeingconcernedexclusivelyaboutindividualpatientstoexertinginfluenceonhowhealthcaredollarsarespent.Inpracticalterms,thenewguidelinesbeingdevelopedcouldresultindoctorschoosingonedrugoveranotherforcostreasonsorevendecidingthataparticulartreatment—attheendoflife,forexample—istooexpensive.Intheextreme,somecriticshavesaidthatmakingtreatmentdecisionsbasedoncostisaformofrationing.Traditionally,guidelineshaveheavilyinfluencedthepracticeofmedicine,andthelatestonesareexpectedtomakedoctorsmoreconsciousoftheeconomicconsequencesoftheirdecisions,eventhoughthere’snoobligationtofollowthem.Medicalsocietyguidelinesarealsousedbyinsurancecompaniestohelpdeterminereimbursement（报销）policies.Somedoctorsseeapotentialconflictintryingtobebothprovidersofpatientcareandfinancialoverseers.“Thereshouldbeforcesinsocietywhoshouldbeconcernedaboutthebudget,butthey7shouldn’tbefunctioningsimultaneouslyasdoctors,”saidDr.MartinSamuelsataBostonhospital.Hesaiddoctorsriskedlosingthetrustofpatientsiftheytoldpatients,“I’mnotgoingtodowhatIthinkisbestforyoubecauseIthinkit’sbadforthehealthcarebudgetinMassachusetts.”Doctorscanfacesomegrimtrade-offs.Studieshaveshown,forexample,thattwodrugsareaboutequallyeffectiveintreatingmaculardegeneration,andeyedisease.Butonecosts$50adoseandtheothercloseto$2000.Medicarecouldsavehundredsofmillionsofdollarsayearifeveryoneusedthecheaperdrug,Avastin,insteadofthecostlierone,Lucentis.ButtheFoodandDrugAdministrationhasnotapprovedAvastinforuseintheeye,andusingitratherthanthealternative,Lucentis,mightcarryanadditional,althoughslight,safetyrisk.ShoulddoctorsconsiderMedicare’sbudgetindecidingwhattouse?“Ithinkethically(在道德层面上）wearejustworriedaboutthepatientinfrontofusandnottryingtosavemoneyfortheinsuranceindustryorsocietyasawhole,”saidDr.DonaldJensen.Still,someanalystssaythatthere’sarolefordoctorstoplayincostanalysisbecausenotmanyothersaredoingso.“Insomeways,”saidDr.DanielSulmasy,“itrepresentsafailureofwidersocietytotakeuptheissue.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。56.Whatdosomemostinfluentialmedicalgroupsrecommenddoctorsdo?A)Reflectontheresponsibilitiestheyaresupposedtotake.B)Paymoreattentiontotheeffectivenessoftheirtreatments.C)Takecostsintoaccountwhenmakingtreatmentdecisions.D)Readjusttheirpracticeinviewofthecutsinhealthcare.57.Whatweredoctorsmainlyconcernedaboutinthepast?A)Specificmedicinestobeused.C)Professionaladvancement.B)Effectsofmedicaltreatment.D)Patients5trust.58.Whatmaythenewguidelinesbeingdevelopedleadto?A)Theredefiningofdoctors’roles.C)Conflictsbetweendoctorsandpatients.B)Overuseoflesseffectivemedicines.D)Theprolongingofpatients’suffering.59.Whatriskdodoctorsseeintheirdualroleaspatientcareprovidersandfinancialoverseers?A)Theymaybeinvolvedinaconflictofinterest.B)Theymaybeforcedtodividetheirattention.C)Theymayhavetouselesseff