2019年3月北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习英语试题

北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习英语学科测试2019.3（考试时间100分钟满分120分)本试卷共10页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AJohnCarterwasrescuedfromtheseanearhisholidayhomeyesterday.Theaccidenthappenedwhilehe__1__(walk)alongasteepcliffattheedgeofthesea.Hewasblownoffbyastrongwindand__2__(fall)intothesea,30metersbelow.Luckily,awomansawhimintheseasoonafterwardsandshecalledthepolicerescueservice.Mr.Carterwastakentohospitalwitha__3__(break)arm.“I’mveryluckytobealive,”hesaid.“Ican’tthankthewomanenough.”BManyelephantscanpaint.Infact,elephantsinzoossometimesdrawontheground__4__astick.Seeingthis,sometrainersteachtheelephants__5__theycanholdpaintbrushes,andencouragethemtochoosecolorsandpaint.Ofcourse,noteverypaintingisgood.Justlikehumans,onlysomeelephantsareverycreative.Now,anonlinegallerysellspaintingsbytheseelephantartists.Bydoingthis,thegalleryhopestoearnmoney__6__(protect)elephants.CGoldenGateParkisinSanFrancisco,California.Itisoneofthelargesturban__7__(park)intheUnitedStates.Overonemillioncolorfulflowers,treesandotherplantsgrowinthepark.Butoriginallymostofthepark__8__(cover)insand.Afteralotofwork,itwasfinallybuiltin1870.Today,therearemanypeople__9__(visit)theparkeveryday.Theyplaybasketball,soccer,golfandmanyothersportsthere.Theparkisclosedinmanyplacestotrafficsopeoplecanwalk,cycle,orskate__10__(free).第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGameofLightandShadeItwasasunnyday.Ihadgoneupanddownthetowerwhen,outsidethedooratthefoot,ablindmancametowardme.Inamoment,hedisappearedupthestairs.Ilookedatthesignthatsaid“TotheTower”,anddecidedto__11__him.Icaughtupwithhimintheticketoffice.ThereIwas__12__toseetheattendant(工作人员)sellinghimaticketasifhewereanyothervisitor.Then,withtheticketinonehandand__13__thewallwiththefingersoftheother,theblindmanreachedthestairs__14__tothehallway.“Thatmanisblind.Whatwouldablindmanclimbupthetowerfor?”Isaidtotheattendant,expectinghimtoshowsome__15__,buthedidn’tanswer.“Notthe__16__certainly,”Isaid.“Perhapshewantsto__17__.”Iboughtaticketand__18__upthestairs.Themanhadn’tgoneasfarasI__19__.Athirdofthewayupthetower,Iheardhis__20__.Isloweddownandfollowedhimatalittle__21__.Hestoppedfromtimetotime.Whenhegottothebalcony(阳台),Iwasadozensteps__22__.AsIreachedit,Isawhimatthecornerofthetower.Atlast,aftertenminutes,I__23__him.“Excuseme,”IsaidaspolitelyasIcould,“butIamcurioustoknow__24__youcameup.”Hesmiled.“Comingupthestairs,youwillnoticehownotjustlightbutsun__25__intothetowerthroughthenarrowwindowshereandthere,sothatyoucanfeelthe__26__—thecoolstairssuddenlybecomequitewarm—andhowupherebehindthewallthereis__27__,butassoonasgoingoppositeawindowyoucanfindthesun.Thereisno__28__sogoodasthisforfeelingthedifferencebetweenlightandshade.ItisnotthefirsttimeI’vecomeup.”Theblindmanseemedquite__29__,justlikeachildwhowasenjoyinghisfavoritegames.Hetoldmethetruththatblindmencanalsofindthebeautyinlife__30__theycannotenjoythesightsoftheworld.11.A.accept B.follow C.control D.visit12.A.frightened B.disappointed C.surprised D.embarrassed13.A.touching B.climbing C.hitting D.covering14.A.pointing B.attaching C.contributing D.leading15.A.respect B.doubt C.concern D.sympathy16.A.view B.test C.prize D.trick17.A.kick B.jump C.relax D.escape18.A.struggled B.explored C.wandered D.hurried19.A.promised B.examined C.imagined D.confirmed20.A.steps B.words C.secrets D.cheers21.A.standard B.distance C.expense D.intention22.A.ahead B.around C.outside D.behind23.A.recognized B.surrounded C.approached D.witnessed24.A.why B.how C.when D.whether25.A.knocks B.pours C.slides D.bursts26.A.trend B.reaction C.change D.honor27.A.light B.space C.mess D.shade28.A.place B.signal C.object D.period29.A.nervous B.content C.curious D.patient30.A.unless B.because C.once D.although第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGetInvolved!MakeaDonation!Sowhatisrewilding?Imagineournaturalhomesgrowinginsteadofshrinking.Imaginespecies(物种)diversifyinginsteadofdeclining.That’srewilding.Rewildingisecologicalrestoration.Rewildingoffershopeforwildlife,humansandtheplanet.Whyisrewildingimportantandnecessary?●Ournaturalecologyisbroken.Theplaceswhereyouwouldexpectwildlifetoexisthavebeenreducedtowetdeserts.Theseabedhasbeendestroyedandtherehavebeennolivingcreaturesanymore.●Ourwildlifeisdisappearing.Manywonderfulspecieshavedeclinedoverthepastcentury.We’velostmoreofourlargeanimalsthananyEuropeancountry.●Weneedkeystonespecies.Thesevitalspecies,includingtoppredators(食肉动物),driveecologicalprocesses.Theirlosshasworsenedourlivingsystems.●Naturelooksafterus.Goodnaturalecologycanprovideuswithcleanairandwater,preventfloodingandstorecarbon.Rewildingcanleavetheworldinabetterstatethanitistoday.Whatarechallenges?Asalong-termproject,our“rewildingbritain”hasitschallenges.Manypeoplearenotinterested,becausewehavegotusedtothelackofnativeforests.Manyfarmersopposetheidea.Theythoughtitacrazyideatobringbackpredatorsbecausetheywouldstartkillingfarmanimals.Ittakestimetoeducatethem.Aboveall,weneedmoney!Soweneedyourhelp!Makeadonation.Helpusbringbacklivingsystemsandrestorewildnature!Withyourhelpwecan...●Openupnewchancesforrewildingandpushforchange.●Developtoolstoeducate,influenceandspreadtheword.Thanksforyoursupport.31.Whichofthefollowingistheresultofrewilding?A.Speciesbecomevarious. B.Alotofanimalsdisappear.C.Environmentsaredestroyed. D.Naturaldisastershappenregularly.32.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthechallengesatpresentis______.A.people’sdoubts B.alackofvolunteersC.ashortageoftime D.farmers’disagreement33.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewproject.B.Tocallonpeopletogivemoney.C.Towarnpeopleofthenaturalecology.D.Toconvincepeopletochangetheirmind.BFlyingHighBarringtonIrvingmadehishistoricflightandfoundedaneducationalnon-profit-makingorganization.Hismessageforkids:“Theonlythingthatseparatesyoufromscientistsisdetermination,hardworkandastronglikingforwhatyouwanttoachieve.”Thesecret,hebelieves,ishavingadreaminthefirstplace,andthatstartswithlearningexperiencesthatinspirekidstobuildcareers.ThemomentofinspirationforIrvingcameattheageof15inhisparents’bookstore.Onecustomer,aprofessionalpilot,askedIrvingifhe’dthoughtaboutbecomingapilot.“ItoldhimIdidn’tthinkIwassmartenough;butthenextdayhetookmetothecockpit(驾驶舱)ofthecommercialairplaneheflew,andjustlikethatIwashooked.”Tofollowhisdream,IrvingturneddownafootballscholarshiptotheUniversityofFlorida.Hewashedairplanestoearnmoneyforaflightschoolandincreasedhisflyingskillsbypractisingathomeona$40flightsimulator(模拟)videogame.Thenanotherdreamtookhold:flyingalonearoundtheworld.Hefacedmorethan50rejectionsforsponsorshipbeforeconvincingsomecompaniestodonateaircraftcomponents.Hetookoffwithnoweatherradar,node-icingsystem,andjust$30inhispocket.“IliketodothingspeoplesayIcan’tdo.”After97days,26stopsanddozensofthunderstorms,hetoucheddowntoacheeringcrowdinMiami.“Itwasseeingsomanyyoungpeoplewatchingandlisteningthatpushedmeintogivingbackwithmyknowledgeandexperience.”Irvinghasbeendoingiteversince.Hesetuphisnon-profit-makingorganization,ExperienceAviation(航空),aimingtoincreasethenumbersofyouthinaviationandscience-relatedcareers.Kidsattendprogrammesdealingwithhands-onroboticsprojectsandflightsimulatorchallenges.“Wewanttocreatechancesforstudentstoaccomplishsomethingamazing,”henotes.PerhapsIrving’smostpowerfuleducationaltoolistheexamplehisownlifeprovides.Afterlandinghisrecord-breakingflightatage23,hesaid,“EveryonetoldmeIwastooyoung,thatIdidn’thaveenoughexperience,strength,orknowledge.TheytoldmeitwouldtakeforeverandI’dnevercomehome.Well...guesswhat?”34.AccordingtoIrving,whatisthemostimportantinachievingsuccess?A.Meetingpeoplewhoprovideunexpectedhelp.B.Gettingachancetostudytechnicalknowledge.C.Havingsomethingspecificthatyouwanttoaccomplish.D.Developingcommunicationwithdifferentorganizations.35.WhatIrvingrepliedtothepilotinthebookstoresuggestedthat______.A.hefeltembarrassedtorefusetheofferB.hewasdoubtfulabouthisownabilitiesC.heknewhiseffortswouldberewardedD.herealizedimmediatelyhowluckyhewas36.WhatcanwelearnaboutIrvinginParagraph3?A.Hechosetoreducehisbudgetaslowaspossible.B.Hewasfinallygivenenoughmoneytokeepgoing.C.Hegotthemostusefulflyingtipsfromhisvideogame.D.Hetookonafurtherchallengeafterheknewhowtofly.37.Irvingsetuphisnon-profit-makingorganizationbecause______.A.hehopedtobecomeapublicfigureB.heexpectedtostartabusinessinotherfieldsC.hesawtherewasgreatinterestinwhathewasdoingD.hethoughthecouldteachmorethanflightschoolscouldCTrainingtheBrainPeoplewhocanaccomplishunbelievabletasks,suchasmemorizingthousandsofrandomnumbersinunderanhour,statethattheyjusthavenormalbrains.SomememorysuperstarscompeteinOlympic-likeWorldMemoryChampionships.Thesementalathletes,orMAsforshort,canmemorizenamesofdozensofstrangersinafewminutesoranypoemhandedthem.EdCooke,a24-year-oldMA,explainstheyseethemselvesasparticipantsrescuingthelong-lostartofmemorytraining.Thesetechniquesexistednottorecalluselessinformation,buttocutintothebrainbasictextandideas.AstudyinthejournalNatureexaminedeightpeoplewhofinishednearthetopoftheWorldMemoryChampionships.Thescientistsexaminedwhethertheirbrainswerefundamentallydifferentfromeveryoneelse’sorwhethertheyweresimplymakingbetteruseofmemorizingabilitiesweallpossess.TheyputtheMAsandcontrolsubjectsintobrainscannersandhadthemmemorizenumbersandphotographs.Theresultsurprisedeveryone.ThebrainsoftheMAsandthoseofthecontrolsubjectswereindistinguishable.Oneverytest,theMAsscoredinthenormalrange.However,whenthescientistsexaminedwhatpartofthebrainwasusedduringamemoryactivity,theyfoundtheMAsreliedmoreheavilyonareasinthebraininvolvedinspatialmemory.MAsofferanexplanation:anythingcanbefixeduponourmemoriesandkeptinorderbyconstructingabuildingintheimaginationandfillingitwithpicturesofwhatneedstoberecalled.Datingbacktothefifthcentury,thebuildingiscalledamemorypalace.Evenaslateasthefourteenthcentury,whentherewerecopiesofanytext,scholarsneededtorememberwhatwasreadtothem.Readingtorememberrequiresadifferenttechniquethanspeedreading.Ifsomethingismadememorable,ithastoberepeated.Untilrelativelyrecently,peoplereadonlyafewbooksintensively(细致地)againandagain,usuallyaloud.Todaywereadextensively,usuallyonlyonceandwithoutcontinuousfocus.Sothegreatdifferenceistheabilitytocreateimpressivepicturesinmindandtodoitquickly.Usingmemorypalaces,MAscreatememorizedpictures.Forexample,recombinethepicturestoformunforgettablescenessuchasthewaysthroughatown.Onecompetitorusedhisownbodypartstohelphimmemorizea57,000-worddictionary.Anyonewhowishestotrainthemindneedsfirsttocreatefantasticalpalacesintheimagination.Thentheyshouldcuteachbuildingintocubbyholesformemories.Inashortamountoftime,theywillnoticeimprovementwithrememberingthings.Tokeeptheskillsharp,MAsdeliberatelyemptytheirpalacesaftercompetitions,sotheycanreusethemandtheyrecommendthatbeginnersdothesame.38.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatamentalathlete______.A.ownsabrainthatislargerinsizeB.showsagiftinmentalabilitytestsC.usesthememorizingtechniquebetterD.dependslessontheareasthatcontrolspatialmemory39.Whydoestheauthormention“speedreading”inParagraph3?A.Todiscussthememorizingtechniqueinthefifthcentury.B.Togivethereasonwhypeoplereadonlyafewbookscarefully.C.Toexplainthetextfourteenthcenturyscholarshadtoremember.D.Tocomparethetypeofreadingnowadayswiththatofearliertimes.40.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Thereisavarietyofunforgettablescenes.B.Memorypalacescanbequicklyforgotten.C.Impressivepicturesareinactualbuildings.D.Onepersonprobablyhas57,000bodyparts.41.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cubbyholes”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Smallspaces. B.Blacksholes.C.Technicalskills. D.Differentnumbers.DEarlyorLaterDayCareManyyoungparentsareconfusedaboutwhethertheirchildrenshouldhaveearlydaycare,andtherehavealwaysbeendifferentviewsonthissubject.TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbybelievesthatseparationfromparentsduringthesensitive“attachment”periodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’spersonalityandleadtopsychologicalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby’sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforethreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitcauses,andmanypeopledobelievethis.AccordingtoBowlby,agreatdealofpsychologicalharmcanoccurwhenyoungchildrenareseparatedfromtheirparents.Iftheyareleftwithouttouchforawhile,theywillhaveahigherstresslevel.Parents’influenceontheirchildren’swell-beingmayneverbegreaterthanduringtheearliestyearsoflife,when achild’sbrainisdeveloping rapidlyandwhennearlyallofherorhisexperiencesareshapedbyparentsandthefamilyenvironment.However,therearecritics.Someanthropologists(人类学家)pointoutthattheloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.Therehasbeenalonghistoryofthefactthatfatherandmotherdidnotbringuptheirchildrenalone.Plato,around394B.C.,arguedthatasystemofearlychildcarewouldfreewomentoparticipateinsociety.ResultsfromIsraeliandDutchstudiesshowthatchild-raisingdutiesaremoreevenlydistributedamongabroadergroupofpeople.Besides,studieshavereportedthatearlydaycarehasaneutralorslightlypositiveeffectonchildren’sdevelopment.Theylearnthebenefitsofbeingsociallysmart,understandingtheconceptofsharingandcaring.Theypromoteconcentrationskills,whichisveryimportantintheirlearning. Therearegameswherechildrenaretaughtbasiclanguageandmathematicalskillsthroughstoriesandeverydayexamples.Commonsensetellsusthatearlydaycarewouldnotbesowidespreadifchildrenhadproblemswithit.ButBowlby’sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatithasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadtomorementalillness15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffectsdifficulttodealwith.Childrenunderthreedislikeleavingtheirparentsandshowunhappiness.Attheageofthreealmostallchildrenfinditeasytogotothenursery.Thematter,then,isfarfrombeingclearlyknown,thoughexperienceandavailableevidenceindicatethatearlydaycareisreasonableforyoungchildren.42.The passage mainly argues whether ______.A. children over three will accept schooleducationB. children under three should be sent to nursery schoolsC. the family relationship is different in traditional societiesD. earlyday care should betotallyreplacedinmodernsocieties43.Which of the following supports Bowlby’s theory?A. Earlyday care wouldn’tbe so popularifithadnegativeeffects.B.Separation from parents for young children is common in history.C. Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with.D. Studiesshowearlyday care has a positive effect on children’s development.44.The author’s attitude towards early day care is that ______.A. children under three should stay with their parentsB.ithaspotentialbenefitsforbothchildrenandparentsC. thebad effect of itonchildren willdisappearastheygrowupD. it is controversial and the settlement calls for the use of statistics45.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?A.B.C.D.I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C:Conclusion第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CanWeStopFoodLongingThroughImaginaryEating?Areyoufightinganurgetoreachforchocolate?Then,letitmeltinyourmind,notinyourmouth.Accordingtotherecentresearch,imaginingeatingaspecificfoodreducesyourinterestinthatfood,soyoueatlessofit.Thisreactiontorepeatedexposuretofood—beinglessinterestedinsomethingbecauseyou’veexperiencedittoomuch—iscalledhabituation.____46____Theresearchisthefirsttoshowthathabituationcanoccurthroughthepowerofthemind.“Ifyoujustthinkaboutthefooditself—howittastesandsmells—thatwillincreaseyourappetite,”saidCareyMorewedge,awell-knownpsychologist.“Itmightbebettertoforceyourselftorepeatedlythinkaboutchewingandswallowingthefoodinordertoreduceyourlonging.____47____Visualizingyourselfeatingchocolatewouldn’tpreventyoufromeatinglotsofcheese,”headded.Morewedgeconductedaninterestingexperiment.51subjectsweredividedintothreegroups.Onegroupwasaskedtoimagineputting30coinsintoalaundrymachineandtheneatingthreechocolates.____48____Anothergroupwasaskedtoimagineputtingthreecoinsintoalaundrymachineandtheneating30chocolates.Lastly,acontrolgroupimaginedjustputting33coinsintothemachine—withnochocolates.____49____Whentheysaidtheyhadfinished,theseweretakenawayandweighed.Theresultsshowedthegroupthathadimaginedeating30chocolateseachatefewerofthechocolatesthantheothergroups.____50____Physicalsignals—thatfullstomachfeeling—areonlypartofwhattellsuswe’vefinishedameal.Theresearchsuggeststhatpsychologicaleffects,suchashabituation,alsoinfluencehowmuchapersoneats.Itmayleadtonewbehavioraltechniquesforpeoplelookingtoeatmorehealthily,orhavecontroloverotherhabits.A.What’smore,thisonlyworkswiththespecificfoodyou’veimagined.B.Peoplewereadvisedtotrydifferentmethodstoperformtheexperiment.C.Forexample,atenthbiteisdesiredlessthanthefirstbite,accordingtothestudy.D.Allofthemthenatefreelyfrombowlscontainingthesameamountofchocolateeach.E.Itmeantthosewhorepeatedlyimaginedeatingwouldconcernaboutsomespecificfood.F.Thisrequiresthesamemotorskillsaseatingsmallchocolatesfromapacket,thestudysays.G.Thisstudyispartoftheresearchlookingintowhatmakesuseatmorethanweactuallyneed.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分） 第1节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三的学生李华。你班交换生Jim将要参加“学在中国”留学生汉语演讲比赛，来信向你咨询。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.推荐一个演讲话题；2.说明推荐的理由；3.建议他做哪些准备工作。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHua第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三的学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍上个月你参加学校组织的“绿色出行，从我做起”活动的完整过程，并以“GreenTravelinMyFamily”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。词数不少于60。GreenTravelinMyFamily北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习英语学科测试答案2019.3第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1.waswalking2.fell3.broken4.with5.how6.toprotect7.parks8.wascovered9.visiting10.freely第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）11—15BCADC16—20ABDCA21—25BDCAB26—30CDABD第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）31—35ADBCB36—40DCCDA41—45ABCDB第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）46—50CAFDG第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）一、评分原则：1．本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3．评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5．词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。二、各档次的给分范围和要求： 第一档（13分－15分） 完全完成了试题规定的任务。·内容完整，条理清楚；·交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第二档（9分－12分） 基本完成了试题规定的任务。·内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；·所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；·语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第三档（4分－8分） 未恰当完成试题规定的任务。·内容不完整；·所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对写作内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。 第四档（1分－3分） 未完成试题规定的任务。·写了少量相关信息；·语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。 0分 未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。三、Onepossibleversion:DearJim,I’mgladtoknowthatyou’lltakepartinthe“StudyinginChina”speechcontest.I’dliketogiveyousomesuggestions.[来源:学#科#网]IrecommendthatyoutalkaboutthecoursesonChinesetraditionalcultureyou’veattended.Themajorreasonisthattheyintroducetherealtreasureinhumanhistory.Besides,sinceyou’vetakenthecoursessystematically,you’resuretohaveadeepunderstandingofthem.Todoitwell,Ithinkyoushouldchooseimpressiveexamplestogaintherecognitionofthejudges.Moreover,youhavetopracticeyourspokenChinesetoexpressyourselfmoreclearlyandfluently.Speakingskills