大庆实验中学2020-2021学年度上学期开学考试高一英语学科试题

大庆实验中学2020-2021学年度上学期开学考试高一英语学科试题本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（本大题共两节，共30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Bossandworker.2.HowoftendoesBusNo.3run?A.Every10minutes.B.Every15minutes.C.Every20minutes.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thetimemanagement.B.Thefriendship.C.TVprograms.4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Gotothedowntownmarket.B.Gotothedepartmentstore.C.Payavisittothetower.5.Wheredidthemanlosehismoney?A.Inabank.B.Inashop.C.Inahospital.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段 材料 关于××同志的政审材料调查表环保先进个人材料国家普通话测试材料农民专业合作社注销四查四问剖析材料 ，回答第6至7题。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Givingadvicetothehotel.B.Preparingtoleaveahotel.C.Bookingaticket.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthehotel?A.Everythinginthehotelissatisfying.B.Heisnotsatisfiedwiththehotel.C.Thehotelisverygoodexceptfortheinsects.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Howlonghasthemanhadheadaches?A.Forhiswholelife.B.Foramonth.C.Forafewdays.9.Whatdidthemandolastweek?A.Stayeduplate.B.HadaCTscan.C.Wentskiing.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howmuchshouldonepersonpay?A.$15.B.$45.C.$50.11.Whatkindoffooddoesthewomansuggestnottakingtoomuch?A.Friedchicken.B.Roastbeef.C.Seafood.12.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Eatslowly.B.Leavetherestaurant.C.Fetchmorefood.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdoesthewomanwantRichardtodo?AWatchafootballmatch.B.Haveawalktogether.C.Readanewspaper.14.Howdoesthethiefgetpeople’strust?A.ByshowinghisID.B.Bywearinguniform.C.Bycallingouttheirname.15.Wheredidthethiefoncework?A.Inthehospital.B.Intheshoppingmall.C.Intheelectricityboard.16.Howoldisthethief?A.Inhis20s.B.Inhis30s.C.Inhis40s.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WheredidtheyspendlastSunday?A.Intown.B.Inanoldfarmhouse.C.Inthecountry.18.Wheredidtheystopatlast?A.Nearafarmhouse.B.Onasideroad.C.Onthetopofthehill.19.Whatdisturbedthepeace?ASheepcomingdowntothefarmhouse.B.Bellsringingatthetopofthehill.C.Carspassingbytheroadnon-stop.20.Whatdidtheyfirstdoaftertheysawthesheep?A.Pickeduptheirthings.B.Ranbacktothecar.C.Rantowardsthesheep.第二部分阅读理解（本大题共两节，共40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ATheBestWaytoSeeSingapore.SeeMoreforLess!CitySightseeing$33/A,$23/C,FREE/T24hoursofUnlimitedTouring—9amto6pmDuration:1Day(unlimitedrides)Attractions:CivicDistrict,OrchardRoad,BotanicGardens,LittleIndia,Chinatown&morealongtheCity&HeritageroutesItiseasytoenjoySingaporewiththeCitySightseeingopen-toptouringsystem.Spotaninterestingplaceorsight?Simplyhopoffandwalkaroundandyoucancontinuethetourlaterbyhoppingonthenextbus. With1busarrivingevery20minutes,the CitySightseeingsystem linksyoutomajorsights,attractionsandhotels!*GuestsHelpline:6338-6877Coaster$33/A,$23/C,$2/TDaily:9:30am—5:30pmDuration:60minutesRidetheoriginalCoaster!Hoponthiscraftforasightseeingtourwhichcoversbothlandandsea!*Freebustransfer;mostpopulartour;1standoriginalCoaster;uniqueland&seaadventure*ForMoreInformation,call6338-6859NightSafari(旅行)$49/A,$33/C,FREE/TTourTime:6:00pm—10:00pmDuration:4hoursObservethenightactivitiesofthe1,000overnocturnal(夜行的)animalsintheNightSafari–theworld’sfirstwildlifenightpark,foranadventureyou’llneverforget.*Free&Easywith2-waybustransfer*ForMoreInformation,call6338-6826Flyer$53/A,$37/C,FREE/TOpenHours:Daily9:00am—9:00pmDuration:30minutesFeastyoureyesonSingapore’smagnificentcityscapefromaheightof165montheworld’slargestobservationwheel.Getyourcamerasreadyasyouexperiencea360-degreepanoramicviewofthecityandtheMarinaBayarea.*Freebustransfer;freerivertransfer*ForMoreInformation,call6338-3311☆A—adult,C—children(3-12),T—toddler(2&below)1.WhichwayismostsuitableforMary,whohasonedaytotravelaroundSingapore?A.NightSafari.B.Coaster.C.CitySightseeing.D.Flyer.2.IfDavidandhis9-year-oldsonarebothanimalloverstheyhadbetterdial___________formoreinformationbeforetheirtour.A.6338-6826B.6338-6859C.6338-3311D.6338-68773.Mr.Smithisgoingtotakehiswife,his13-year-olddaughterandhis1-year-oldsontoFlyer,heshouldgetatleast___________ready.A.$131B.$90C.$159D.$1434.Whereisthematerialprobablyfrom?A.HealthmagazineB.ScientificreportC.EducationjournalD.Travelguide【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.D【解析】这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章介绍了四种游览新加坡的方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据CitySightseeing24hoursofUnlimitedTouring（CitySightseeing24小时无限旅游）可知玛丽有一天的时间去新加坡旅游，CitySightseeing最适合她，故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Observethenightactivitiesofthe1,000overnocturnal(夜行的)animalsintheNightSafari–theworld’sfirstwildlifenightpark,foranadventureyou’llneverforget.（在世界上第一个野生动物之夜公园——夜间狩猎之旅中，观察1000多种夜间活动的动物，你将永远不会忘记这一冒险之旅）和ForMoreInformation,call6338-6826，可以推断出如果大卫和他9岁的儿子都是动物爱好者，他们最好在旅游前打电话6338-6826咨询更多的信息，故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据$53/A,$37/C,FREE/T和A—adult,C—children(3-12),T—toddler(2&below)可推断出史密斯先生要带他的妻子、13岁的女儿和1岁的儿子去Flyer，至少应该准备53+53+53=159，故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据TheBestWaytoSeeSingapore.SeeMoreforLess!以及全文内容，可知文章介绍了四种游览新加坡的方式，所以这篇文章最可能来自旅游指南，故选D。BWhenIwasseniorstudent,Icouldn'tunderstandmyscienceteacher'sinstructions(指令)whichupsetmealot.Sowhenitcomestohome-schoolingourdaughters,myhusbandvolunteeredtoteachthemscience.Butatthattimehewastoobusy.Ihadtoteachtheminstead.Onemorning,Inoticedtheskywasabeautifulblue,andtheairwasfilledwiththesweetsmellofflowers.Idecidedthelessonswouldbetaughtoutside.Igotthegirlsready.Weheadedupintotheforest,settingourselvesbyapond.MyelderdaughterSaoirsebegancatchingfrogs,whilemyyoungerdaughterUlalookedatme,waitingtobeinstructed.Ihandedheradrawingboardandthecoloredpencils.''Wewaitandseeifsomethingcomesalong.Inthemeantime,justdrawwhat'saroundyou.''Itoldher.Justthenabirdflewacrossthewater,andsettledinfrontofafallentree.IquicklytoldUla,worriedthatshe'dnotseenthecreature.Butshehad,andshebegandrawingit.Anhourlater,shefinishedherpictureandIfoundshedrewthebirdonherpaperamazinglywell.Buttherewasoneotherinterestingfactaboutthisdrawing:shealsodrewme,sittingbesideher.Staringatthischild'sdrawingofuswatchingabird,IrealizedhowI'dlivedfor40years,gathered10yearsofhighereducation,andneverunderstoodthebasisofsciencebeforethismoment.Itisasenseofwonder:itisn'taboutcorrectlyrecitingwordsfromtextbooks.Itisfirstaboutsteppingoutsideandadmiringtheworldaroundus.Fromthatdayon,itwasInotmyhusbandthatactedasthescienceteacher.5.Whatwastheauthor'sattitudetowardsciencewhenshewasinschool?A.Shedidn'tcareaboutit.B.Shewaseagertolearnit.C.Sheworkedhardatit.D.Shefounditdifficult.6.Intheauthor'sopinion,whatisthebasisofscience?A.Teacher'sinstruction.B.Highereducation.C.Gettingknowledgefromtextbooks.D.Appreciatingtheworldaround.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeUla?A.Wiseandshy.B.Patientandcareful.C.Friendlyandoutgoing.D.Selflessandhard-working.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnAmazingPaintingB.ATriptotheForestC.ALessononScienceD.ASenseofCorrectness【答案】5.D6.D7.B8.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者带两个女儿到户外上了一堂别开生面的科学课，并由此认识到科学的基础是走出去，欣赏周围的世界。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的WhenIwasseniorstudent,Icouldn'tunderstandmyscienceteacher'sinstructions(指令)whichupsetmealot.可知，作者不能理解科学老师的指示，这让她很沮丧，由此可知作者上学时觉得科学很难学。D.Shefounditdifficult.(她认为它很困难。)符合以上推测，故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Itisfirstaboutsteppingoutsideandadmiringtheworldaroundus.可知，作者认为科学的基础是走出去，欣赏周围的世界。D.Appreciatingtheworldaround.(欣赏周围的世界)符合以上说法，故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的MyelderdaughterSaoirsebegancatchingfrogs,whilemyyoungerdaughterUlalookedatme,waitingtobeinstructed.可知，出去后，西尔莎迫不及待地去看青蛙，而乌拉却在一旁看着作者，等着作者的指示，这说明她很耐心。再根据第五段Anhourlater,shefinishedherpictureandIfoundshedrewthebirdonherpaperamazinglywell.可知，一个小时候她完成了画画，我注意到她画在纸上的鸟非常好。这说明她很仔细。由此可知，乌拉是耐心并且认真的。B.Patientandcareful.(耐心且仔细)符合以上推测，故选B项。【8题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者带两个女儿到户外上了一堂别开生面的科学课，并由此认识到科学的基础是欣赏周围的世界。C.ALessononScience(一堂科学课)可以作为标题概括出文章内容，故选C项。CIt’snotpossibletostaytogetherwithlovedonesallthetime.Sometimesfamilymembershavetobefarawayfromeachother.Duringthattime,theymightfacesomethingterrible.Althoughweknowwhattheyaresuffering,beingfarawaymakesithardertohelpandcomfortlovedones.Thereisnouseworryingalotaboutthem.Instead,keepingapositiveattitudeofsupportismorehelpfulthangettingintoworryingabouttheperson.IthinkitiswhatIcandotohelpmylovedones.Mydaughterhasbeenworkingfull-timeduringsummerabout10hoursaday.Shehastostudyhardforabigentranceexam.Atfirst,likemostpeople,Iwantedtotrytosolvetheproblemsandtrytoexplainthesituation.Wasthereabetterwayoftimemanagement?Wasthereabetterwayofstudyingforthistest?However,thatwasnotalwayshelpful.Sometimes,itevengavemorepressuretoher.SometimesitmightsoundliketherewassomethingwrongtoimproveHowever,itwasjusttiringattheendoftheday.Whatwouldbethekindthingtodointhissituation?Itwashardtoreadsomeone’smind.Idecidedtojustchatwithheronlineandtosendahugemoji(表情符号)thistime.Itseemedmoresuitablethantalkingaboutsolutions.Givingspacecanalsobeanactofhelp,comfortandkindnessItisfunandmeaningfulexperimenttoactivelythinkaboutkindthingstodoratherthanletithappennaturally.I’verealizeditandI’mgratefulforthischancetoshareonline.Giveitatrytooandyou’llenjoysweetness.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Worryisthebestcomforttoalovedone.B.Itisimpossibletolovesomeonearoundus.C.Thedistancehelpsyoudomoretolovedones.D.It’snouseworryingalotaboutlovedonesnotaroundus.10.Howdidtheauthorcomfortherdaughteratlast?A.Bytalkingaboutsolutions.B.Byexplainingallproblems.C.Bybuyingagiftforher.D.Bygivingsimpleemojisonline11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toadvisepeopletocomfortlovedonesashedid.B.Totellusthewaystogetalongwithothers.C.Todiscusstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.D.Toshowdistancemakesithardtocomfortlovedones.【答案】9.D10.D11.A【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过自己的实例告知我们：安慰不在我们身边的亲人，最好办法是保持乐观的态度和给予对方安慰，比如给一个虚拟的拥抱的表情就是一个不错的选择。【9题详解】细节理解题。本题题干意为：从第一段我们可以了解到什么?根据第一段“beingfarawaymakesithardertohelpandcomfort(安慰)lovedones.Thereisnouseworryingalotaboutthem.”远离却使帮助和安慰所爱的人变得更加困难。为他们担心是没有用的。可知，过多地担心不在你身边的爱人是没有用的，故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。本题题干意为最后作者是如何安慰她的女儿的？根据第二段的“Idecidedtojustchatwithheronlineandtosendahugemojithistime”。我决定这次只和她在网上聊天，并发送一个拥抱表情符号，可知作者通过网络给女儿发了一个拥抱的表情。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。本题题干意为：作者写这篇文章的目的是？根据最后一句I'verealizeditandI'mgratefulforthischancetoshareonline.Giveitatrytooandyou’llenjoysweetness我已经意识到这一点，我很感激有机会在网上分享。尝试一下，你就会享受这种甜蜜的。可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是建议我们也像他那样安慰所爱的人，故选A项。DThemicroplastics(微型塑料)problemintheoceanshasmadeitswaytoseaturtlesinabigway.Anewstudyhasfoundmicroplasticsinthestomachofeverysingleturtletheytested—atotalof102seaturtles.Theresearcherstestedmorethan100seaturtlesfromallsevenkindsandthreedifferentoceans,andtheywerelookingforman-madethingslessthan5mmlong.Themostthingstheteamfoundwerefibers,whichmostlikelycamefromclothingandfishingequipment.“Theinfluenceoftheseparticlesonturtlesisunknown,”saidEmilyDuncan.“Theirsmallsizemeanstheycanpassthroughthestomachwithoutcausingaproblem,asisfrequentlyreportedwithlargerplasticpieces.”Theresearchersfoundmorethan800man-madeparticlesintheturtles,butsincetheyonlytestedpartofthestomach,theybelievethetotalnumberofparticlescouldbe20timeshigher.Theydon’tknowhowtheturtlestakeintheparticles,buttheythinktheyarefrompollutedseawaterandpollutedplants.ProfessorBrendanGodleysaidthateatingmicroplasticsisn’tthebiggestproblemtoseaturtlesatthemoment,butitisaclearsignthatweneedtodoabetterjobwatchingglobalwaste.Thisturtlestudyshowsthatweneedtoreducetheamountofplasticwaste,sowecankeepcleanandhealthyoceansforfuturepeople.12.Theunderlinedpartinparagraph1probablymeans“________”.A.hasgoneintoB.hasmadegreateffectonC.hasbeenwalkingtoD.hastriedtoescapefrom13.Howdidtheresearchersfindoutthemicroplasticsproblem？A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bycomparingsealife.C.Bystudyingdifferentseaanimals.D.Bytestingturtlesfromdifferentseas.14WhatcanbeinferredfromEmily?A.LargerplasticpiecescausetroubletoseaturtlesB.EatingmicroplasticsisthebiggestdangertoseaturtlesC.ScientistsknowclearlyhowseaturtleseatplasticpiecesD.Thenumberofparticlesinsideseaturtlesismuchhigher15.Thepurposeofthetextistocallonpeopleto________.A.stopkillingseaanimalsB.findoutmoreplasticwasteC.controlpollutiontooceansD.carryoutfurtherresearches【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，他们检测的总共102只海龟里，每只海龟的胃里都有微塑料。研究人员通过测试来自不同海域的海龟，发现了这一微塑料问题。微塑料因为颗粒小，可以顺利通过海龟的胃，从而对海龟造成危害。研究人员认为海龟体内这些颗粒数量更高，颗粒主要来自被污染的海水和被污染的植物。文章主要为了号召人们控制对海洋的污染。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文Anewstudyhasfoundmicroplasticsinthestomachofeverysingleturtletheytested—atotalof102seaturtles.可知一项新的研究发现，他们检测的总共102只海龟里，每只海龟的胃里都有微塑料。由此可知，海洋中的微塑料问题已经在很大程度上影响到了海龟。故划线短语意思为“产生影响”。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Theresearcherstestedmorethan100seaturtlesfromallsevenkindsandthreedifferentoceans,andtheywerelookingforman-madethingslessthan5mmlong.可知研究人员测试了来自7种和3种不同海洋的100多只海龟，他们正在寻找长度小于5毫米的人造物体。由此可知，研究人员通过测试来自不同海域的海龟发现了微塑料问题。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theinfluenceoftheseparticlesonturtlesisunknown,”saidEmilyDuncan.“Theirsmallsizemeanstheycanpassthroughthestomachwithoutcausingaproblem,asisfrequentlyreportedwithlargerplasticpieces.”可知“这些颗粒对海龟的影响尚不清楚，”EmilyDuncan说。“它们的小尺寸意味着它们可以顺利通过胃，而不会有任何问题，而对于较大的塑料来说，这是一个经常被 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 的问题。”由此可推知，大的垃圾会对海龟造成问题。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Thisturtlestudyshowsthatweneedtoreducetheamountofplasticwaste,sowecankeepcleanandhealthyoceansforfuturepeople.可知这项对海龟的研究表明，我们需要减少塑料垃圾的数量，这样我们才能为未来的人类保持清洁和健康的海洋。结合文章，由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是号召人们控制对海洋的污染。故选C。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有两项为多余选项。Mostofuswouldagreethatgossip(流言蜚语)isbad.However,howmanyofusshutdowngossipassoonaswehearit?Infact,gossipissomethingthatcanforeverchangeafriendshipandevenpreventyoufrommakingnewfriendsinthefuture.____16____Herearesomewaysgossiphurts,andwhatyoucandotoavoidit.GossipingMakesYouLookBadIfyou’retheonegossiping,otherpeoplewhodon’tknowyouwillnotbewillingtobeyourfriend.Ifyoutalkbehindonefriend’sback,thepossibilityisthatyouwilldothattoanyone.Thenexttimeyoufeeltheneedtotalkaboutafriend,takeamomenttounderstandwhy.____17____Doyoubelieveitwillgiveotherstheopinionthatyou’reknowledgeable?FacingaFriendWhoHasGossipedAboutYouIfyouopenyourhearttoafriendandthenrealizeyourtrustwasmisplaced,thiswillforeverchangeyourrelationship.____18____Youmaydecidethatyoudonotwanttogiveyourfriendanotherchance,andthiswillendyourrelationship.Perhapsthepersonthatgossipedwasnotyourfriendtobeginwith.____19____Ifso,you’llneedtomakesureyourfriendknowsthatyoudon’ttalkaboutpeoplebehindtheirbacks,andyouexpectthesamefromyourfriend.Perhapsyourfriendbelievedthatwhatshethoughtwaswellunderstoodbyothers.HowtoStopGossiping____20____Evenifyoudon’tknowthepersonbeingtalkedabout,changethesubjectorwalkaway.Don’tletthepoorbehaviorofsomeoneelseruinyourreputationasagoodfriend.A.Thepersonyou’regossipingtomaybefriendswiththeoneyouhate.B.Ifyouhearsomeonegossiping,setanexampleofhowtobehave.C.Besides,talkingaboutotherpeople’sprivateaffairsisnotcool.D.Oncetrustisgone,ithastoberebuiltovertime.E.Doyouthinkspreadinggossipwillhelpmakeyoustandout?F.Youmayalsochoosetogiveyourfriendanotherchanceandgoforwardwithyourfriendship.G.Evenifsomeonedoesn’ttrustyou,youcanstillmakefriendswithothers.【答案】16.C17.E18.D19.F20.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。我们大多数人都会同意传播流言蜚语是不好的。流言蜚语会永远改变一段友谊，甚至会阻碍你在未来结交新朋友。文章主要说明了流言蜚语会造成的一些伤害以及如何避免流言蜚语。【16题详解】根据上文Infact,gossipissomethingthatcanforeverchangeafriendshipandevenpreventyoufrommakingnewfriendsinthefuture.(事实上，流言蜚语会永远改变一段友谊，甚至会阻碍你在未来结交新朋友)以及后文Herearesomewaysgossiphurts,andwhatyoucandotoavoidit.(以下是流言蜚语造成伤害的一些方式，以及你可以做些什么来避免它)由此可知，本句应当承接上文，继续说明流言蜚语的坏处。故C选项“此外，谈论别人的私事不酷”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文Thenexttimeyoufeeltheneedtotalkaboutafriend,takeamomenttounderstandwhy.(下次当你觉得有必须谈论朋友的时候，花点时间想想原因)以及后文Doyoubelieveitwillgiveotherstheopinionthatyou’reknowledgeable?(你认为这会让别人觉得你很有见识吗？)由此可知，本句承上启下，说明要在传播流言蜚语时 反思 小班合家欢主题反思小班合家欢主题审议反思小班合家欢反思恩怨历尽后的反思下载恩怨历尽后的反思下载 原因，本句与后文则是通过设问句来举例如何反思传播流言蜚语。故E选项“你认为传播流言蜚语会让你脱颖而出吗？”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据上文Ifyouopenyourhearttoafriendandthenrealizeyourtrustwasmisplaced,thiswillforeverchangeyourrelationship.(如果你向一个朋友敞开心扉，然后意识到你的信任放错了地方，这将永远改变你们的关系)由此可知，本句承接上文说明失去对朋友信任的结果，上文中yourtrust可对应到D选项中trustisgone。故D选项“一旦信任失去了，它必须随着时间的推移而重建”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据上文Youmaydecidethatyoudonotwanttogiveyourfriendanotherchance,andthiswillendyourrelationship.Perhapsthepersonthatgossipedwasnotyourfriendtobeginwith.(你可能不想再给你的朋友一次机会，这将结束你们的关系。也许那个说闲话的人本来就不是你的朋友)以及后文Ifso,you’llneedtomakesureyourfriendknowsthatyoudon’ttalkaboutpeoplebehindtheirbacks,andyouexpectthesamefromyourfriend.(如果是这样的话，你需要让你的朋友知道你不会在背后议论别人，你也希望你的朋友也能这样)由此可知，上文提到了不想再给传播流言蜚语的朋友一次机会，后文则提到了让朋友知道自己不会背后议论朋友，由此可推知，本句应当是在启示后文，说明愿意再给朋友一次机会的情况。上文中giveyourfriendanotherchance可对应到F选项中giveyourfriendanotherchance。故F选项“你也可以选择再给你的朋友一次机会，继续你们的友谊”符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】根据后文Evenifyoudon’tknowthepersonbeingtalkedabout,changethesubjectorwalkaway.Don’tletthepoorbehaviorofsomeoneelseruinyourreputationasagoodfriend.可知即使你不认识正在谈论的那个人，也要改变话题或者走开。不要让别人的不良行为破坏了你作为好朋友的声誉。由此可知，本句应当是总起全段，说明如何制止流言，后文提到了听到流言就走开，说明要树立好一个自身不传播流言的榜样。故B选项“如果你听到别人在传播流言蜚语，树立一个行为举止的榜样”符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言知识运用（本大题共三节，共55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Forgiving(原谅)MyFatherIgrewuponasmallfarm.Myfatherworkedinthecity.Hewasquiet,distant.Hewasamanmadeofleatherandchewingtobaccowhotriedtoteachmeusefulthings,includingrespect.____21____Ididnotlikehimverymuch.OnedayIcamehomefromschool.Onceinside,Iwastoldbymymotherthathedidn’tfeelwell.Hisbackhurt.Multiplemyeloma,I____22____,istypeofbloodcancer.Forthelastyearofmyfather’slife,hisentiredaywasmadeupofrisingfromhishospitalbedinthelivingroomandwalkingtohis____23____tositandthink.HewasinthatchairwhenIcamehomeonedayduringtheninthgrade.Idonotrememberwheremymotherandbrotherwere,butthetwoofuswere____24____.Heaskedmetositdown.Whatfollowedstill____25____methesedecadeslater.Hetoldmeabouthis____26____:hisfamilygrowingup,whatitwaslikeinthePacificduringWorldWarⅡ,hisloves,hisheartbreaks.Itwasasifawaterpipehad____27____,hisinnerselfrushingouttomeinagreatflood.Hehadbeenspeakingformaybeanhourormorewhenrealizedthathewasdoingmorethan____28____.Hewasaskingtobe____29____.Actually,thatwaswhathe____30____,andIforgaveeverything,immediately.Whenhedied,Ididn’t____31____toschoolforafewdays.Mybiggest____32____ofgoingbackwasgymclass.Itwaspoorly____33____and“badpeople”rantheshow.Onmyfirstday,Iwasstandingtherewhena(an)____34____voiceyelled,“Lensch!”Itwastheguywhohadgivenmanyofusafewlumps(包,肿块)overtheyears.Iturnedtofacehimandsaid,“Whatdoyouwant?”Theotherboysdidn’tsayawordastheywaitedforthe____35____.“Iheardyourdaddied,”hesaid.“Isthattrue?”Iquietlyreplied,“Yes.”Hedidn’t____36____me.Hedidn’tevenmove.Instead,hesaid,“I’msorry.”Iwas____37____.I’msureIcried.ThosetwowordsarehowIhaverememberedthatkideversince.Whatdoyoudowhenyour“enemies”showthattheyarealso____38____?Ithinkyoueitherforgiveandmove____39____orholdonto“hate”andliveinthepast.I’mcertainlynotgladthatmyfathergot____40____,butatthesametime,Irealizethatifhehadn’t,Imightneverhavecometolovehim.21.A.ButB.AndC.AlsoD.Though22.A.meantB.doubtedC.learnedD.felt23.A.benchB.chairC.bedroomD.bathroom24.A.lonelyB.absentC.aloneD.abroad25.A.impressesB.annoysC.educatesD.encourages26.A.lifeB.jobC.youthD.family27.A.brokenB.burntC.movedD.left28.A.teachingB.tellingC.supportingD.chatting29.A.knownB.forgivenC.mistakenD.forgotten30.A.foundB.receivedC.neededD.liked31.A.runB.turnC.adaptD.return32.A.comfortB.joyC.lessonD.fear33.A.understoodB.preparedC.organizedD.separated34.A.angryB.warningC.pityingD.loud35.A.defeatB.argumentC.performanceD.fight36.A.punishB.beatC.disappointD.help37.A.scaredB.embarrassedC.touchedD.frightened38.A.classmatesB.friendsC.humansD.families39.A.backwardB.awayC.aroundD.forward40.A.stressedB.hurtC.sickD.lost【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.C25.A26.A27.A28.B29.B30.C31.D32.D33.C34.D35.D36.B37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在父亲生病后，通过和父亲的一次谈话原谅了自己的父亲。并且在父亲去世后，通过在体育课发生的一件事明白了自己的敌人如果给自己示好后，也应该选择原谅。【21题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他努力教给我有用的东西，包括尊重，但是我非常不喜欢他。A.But但是；B.And和；C.Also也；D.Though尽管。前文提到父亲教给我有用的东西，包括尊重。后文又说作者不喜欢他，所以用but表示转折。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得知Multipleyeloma是一种血液癌症。A.meant意思是说；B.doubt怀疑；C.learned了解到；D.felt感到。结合文章语境，应该是作者通过某种途径得知此事，Ilearned是插入语，意思是我了解到，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在父亲生命的最后一年里，他的一天就是从起居室的病床上站起来，走到他的椅子上，坐下来思考。A.bench长凳；B.chair椅子；C.bedroom卧室；D.bathroom浴室。由下一句thatchair可以看出，故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不记得我母亲和哥哥在哪里，只有我们孤单的两个人。A.lonely孤独的；B.absent缺席的；C.alone独自的、孤单的；D.abroad出国的。此处应该是说当时只有作者和父亲两个人在家，因此此处指“孤单的、独自的”。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来发生的事情在几十年后仍然让我印象深刻。A.impresses使印象深刻；B.annoys使恼怒；C.educates教育；D.encourages鼓励。从后文作者记得父亲的谈话内容可以看出，这些年作者一直对父亲的话记忆犹新，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我关于他的一生。A.life人生；B.job工作