铸造缺陷中英文对照

RevisedonNovember25,2020铸造缺陷中英文对照A.尺寸，形状缺陷铸造缺陷castingdefects尺寸超差impropershrinkageallowance尺寸不合格wrongsize模样错误excessrappingofpattern,deformedpattern,patternerror壁厚不均differentthickness铸型下垂moldsag错型moldshift,shift,miss-match,cross-joint舂移ramoff,ramaway塌型molddrop,dropoff,dropout,dropsticker上型下沉，沉芯sag(上型和型芯下垂导致壁厚减小）飞翅fins,jointflash翘曲warpage,buckling,warping,camber铸件变形warpedcasting挤箱pushup,cramp-off型裂brokenmold,cracked掉砂crushofmold,crush变形deformation,castingdistortion,warpedcastingB.缩孔（由凝固收缩引起)缩孔shrinkage,shrinkagedcavity内部缩孔internalshrinkage,dispersedshrinkage,blindshrinkage敞露缩孔openshrinkage,externalshrinkages,sinkmarks,depression缩松porosity,shrinkageporosity,leakers,microshrinkage,disperdedshrinkage缩陷sinkmarks,draw,suck-in芯面缩孔coreshrinkage内角缩孔cornershrinkage,filletshrinkage出汗孔extrudedbead,exudation线状缩孔fissurelikeshrinkageC.气体缺陷（由气体引起的孔）气孔blowholes,gashole,blow针孔pinholes裂纹状缺陷，线状缺陷fissuredefectsD.裂纹裂纹crack缩裂shrinkagecrack季裂seasoncracking,seasoncrack应力热裂hotcracking,hottearing,hottear淬火裂纹quenchcrack,quenchingcrack应力冷裂coldcracking,breakage,coldtearing,coldtear龟裂crack激冷层裂纹，白裂chillcrackE.夹杂物夹渣slaginclusion,slagblowholes砂眼sandinclusion,raisedsand,sandhole其他夹杂物theotherinclusion胀砂pushup,cramp-off,sandhole掉砂crush,crushofmold硬点hardspot浮渣dross(浇注后在铸型内形成的缺陷，尤其是石墨、氧化物和硫化物的线状缺陷的总称，另外，浇注过程中被卷进去的缺陷成为夹渣和砂眼，两者的区别是形成原因不同）石墨浮渣graphitedross,carbondross氧化皮夹渣oxidedross,oxideinclusion,skins,seams硫化物熔渣sulfidedross沉淀物sludge夹渣物sandinclusion,oxideinclusion,skins,seams黑点，黑渣blackspots,lustrouscarbon涂料夹渣blacking,refractorycoatinginclusions光亮碳膜lustrouscarbonfilms,kishtracksF.外观缺陷浇不足misrun,shortrun,coldlap,coldshut冷隔coldshut,coldlaps轻度冷隔seam两重皮plate皱皮surfacefold,gasrun,elephantskin,seams,scare,flowmarks漏箱run-out,runout,break-out,bleeder漏芯molddrop,stiker未浇满shortpours,shortrun,pouredshort气孔blowholes,blow飞翅fins，jointflash胀砂，气疱swell,blister芯撑未融合chapletshut,insertcoldshut,unfusedchaplet热粘砂burnin热痕flowmarks内渗豆，冷豆，冷隔internalsweating,coldshot,shotiron外渗物sweating磷化物渗豆phosphidesweat铅渗豆leadsweat锡渗豆tinsweat掉砂rat,sticker（型砂的一部分附着在模样上而形成的表面缺陷）G.型芯缺陷砂芯断裂crushedcore,brokencore砂芯压碎brokencore芯面缩孔coreblow砂芯缩孔coreblow砂芯下垂sagcore,deformedcore砂芯弯曲deformedcore漂芯shiftedcore,coreraise,raisedcore,moldelementcutout偏芯coreshiftH.表面缺陷沾砂burnon,sandburning,burnin,penetration粘型（金属型）fusion两重皮laminations,plat机械粘砂penetration,metalpenetration夹渣结疤scabs,expansionscabs,cornerscab表面粗糙roughcasting,roughsurface鼠尾buckle,rattail涂料结疤blackingscab,washscabs烘干不足seversurface,washscabs熟痕surfacedefectcastingbycombinationofgasandshrinkage(在靠近厚断面处形成下陷的蛇状伤痕）涂料剥落washerosion气疱blister,surfaceorsubsurfaceblowhole表面粗糙roughsurface,seems,scars起皮stripping剥落结疤pulldown,spallingscab伤痕crow’sfeet麻面pittingsurface,orangepeel,alligatorskin热裂痕surfacefolds,gasruns泡疤表面surfacefolds,gasruns象皮状皱皮surfacefold,gasrun,elephantskin皱皮surfacefold,gasrun,seams,scare,flowmarks波纹wave冲砂wash冲蚀erosionI.组织缺陷（铸铁)球化不良poornodularity,degeneratedgraphite蠕墨化不良degeneratedgraphite异常石墨abnormalgraphite开花状石墨explodedgraphite过冷石墨undercooledgraphite,D-typegraphite石墨细小颗粒chunkygraphite石墨粗大kishgraphite,kish整列石墨alignedgraphite石墨漂浮floatedgraphite石墨魏氏组织Widmannstattengraphite麻口mottledcastiron,mottle灰点mottle反麻口inversemottle(与麻口相反，在薄断面处和尖角处形成的麻口）白口chill反白口reversechill,inversechill冷豆extrudedbead,exudation,internalsweating退火不足missannealing,incompleteannealing粗大枝晶组织coarseneddendritic反偏析inversesegregation比重偏析gravitysegregation溶质偏析solutesegregation宏观偏析macroscopicsegregation微观偏析microscopicsegregationJ.断口缺陷表面铁素体ferriterim表面珠光体pearliterim白缘，脱碳pearliticrim,pictureframe,pearlitelayer不均匀断口heterogeneousfracturedsurface破碎激冷层scatteredchillstructure,coldflakes晶粒粗大roughgrain尖钉状断口spikyfracturedsurface冰糖状断口rockcandyfracturesurfaceK.力学性能缺陷硬点hardspot(对铸件，硬点是硬区、白口或冷豆等力学性能缺陷的总称；对铝合金，硬点是铸件内各种高硬度相，如初晶Si相、金属间化合物、氧化物，偏析等总称）硬度不良poorhardness,toohighorlowhardnessL.使用性能缺陷腐蚀性不良poorcorrosionresistance切削性不良poormachinability麻点tornsurface锌晶间腐蚀zincintergranularcorrosion电导率不良poorelectricalconductivityM.其他缺陷残留飞翅residualfin残留黑皮residualblackskin浇道冒口断口缺肉brokencastingatgate,riserorvent端部缺肉insidecut切口缺肉（压铸件）insidecut翘曲(喷丸引起）camber,excessivecleaning铸件弯曲(铸件变形）warpedcasting,castingdistortion,deformedmold,moldcreep打磨缺肉crow’sfeet铸造管理缺陷裂纹crack压痕impression残留物型砂残留sandinclusions喷丸粒残留residualshot锌蒸汽向炉壁渗透zincinfiltrationintorefractory