2020版二轮复习英语通用版练习：阅读理解板块限时练 Word版含解析

阅读理解板块限时练（后附“读写一体超值训练”）阅读理解板块限时练（一）（限时35分钟）Ⅰ.阅读理解AThefollowingistheinformationofsomeexcellenthotelsatthefamousresort(度假胜地)forskiersinItaly.HotelEla￡550perpersonTheHotelElahasarelaxedatmosphere.Itliesinthecentreoftheresort,only100mfromthemainskiliftand300mfromtheskischoolmeetingpoint.It'sidealforthosewhopreferahotelwhichisveryclosetoalltheresort'saction.Rooms(2－4people):TwinroomswithcableTV,hairdryer,showerandWC.Allroomshaverecentlybeenredecorated.HotelSport￡540perpersonItisneartoshops,barsandrestaurants.Thehotelisagreatchoiceforthoselookingforlivelynightlife.Thefamousbarisjustonthegroundfloor.Rooms(2－4people):Allroomsarelocatedonthe2ndand3rdfloorsandhavehairdryer,mini­safe,satelliteTV,showerandWC.Pleasenote:Thishoteldoesnotacceptgroupslargerthan6people.HotelXaletVerdu￡559perpersonItisanattractivehoteldecoratedinatraditionalstyleandofferscomfortableaccommodation.Theatmosphereisrelaxedandwelcoming.Itis300mfromthemainskiliftandthevillagecentre.Garage:￡10adaySafedepositboxes:freeinreception;￡20perweek,inroom.52rooms:Twinordoublebedroomswithshower,hairdryer,satelliteTV,telephoneandsafe.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了意大利滑雪胜地附近的几个旅馆。)1．WhatisthebenefitofstayinginHotelEla?A．It'sthecheapestofallthehotels.B．It'sthebestamongallthehotels.C．It'sconvenientfortheresort'sactivities.D．IthasroomswithcableTVandahairdryer.解析：选C　细节理解 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 。由HotelEla部分中的“Itliesinthecentreoftheresort...It'sidealforthosewhopreferahotelwhichisveryclosetoalltheresort'saction.”可知，该旅馆位于滑雪胜地的中央地带，对于参加滑雪胜地的活动非常便利。2．WhatisthecharacteristicofHotelSport?A．Guestscanenjoytheexcitingnightlifethere.B．Allitsroomshavejustbeenredecorated.C．Itsometimesoffersfreeaccommodation.D．Itisthelargestofallthehotels.解析：选A　细节理解题。由HotelSport部分中的“Thehotelisagreatchoice...nightlife.”可知，顾客可以享受充满活力的夜生活。3．HowmuchshouldyoupaytouseagarageandasafedepositboxinreceptionforaweekinHotelXaletVerdu?A．￡90.　　　　　　　B．￡70.C．￡30.D．￡10.解析：选B　细节理解题。由HotelXaletVerdu部分的“Garage:￡10aday”及“Safedepositboxes:freeinreception”可知，车库的使用费为每天10英镑，一周共70英镑；使用接待处的保险箱免费。故共需支付70英镑。BIlikedbeingamess.Mydeskwasalwayssurroundedwithbowlsoffoodgrain,sourmilkandoldmagazines.Myfloorwasfullofsweaters,stuffedanimals,socks,shoes...Icouldn'talwaysseethesethings,butIknewthattheyweresafe,lyingsomewhere.OnedayinAugust,allofmyfriendsandfamilymembersweredoingtheirownbusinesses.ItoldmymomthatIdidn'tknowwhattodoandsheadvisedmetocleanmyroom.WhenIopenedthedoortomybedroom,everythingwasinitsusualmessyarrangement.Ibecameawareofthemoldy(发霉的)smellandnoticedaspider(蜘蛛)ontopofmymirror.IsuddenlyfeltterribleforeverythinginmyroomthatIhadburiedandhadanurgetomakethemreappear.Inaboxburiedunderoldtextbooks,Ifoundaletterthatmygrandfatherhadwrittenmeatcamp.Irememberedmydadrockingmetosleepthenightgrandfatherdied,andhowthetearswouldn'tstop.Tearsbegantorolldownmycheeksagain.Inthedrawernexttomybed,Ifoundafriendshipwatchbandfrommychildhoodbestfriend,Aubrey,whohadgivenittomebeforeshemovedtoCalifornia.Ihadlostsomanypreciouschildhoodmemoriesovertime,lettingthemslipawayintothetidelikegrainsofsand.UndermybedIevenfoundthatpictureofmymomandmeinJamaica.Istaredatthatgirl,barelyabletorecognizethispersonwhohaddrownedinthemessofmyroomsomanyyearsbefore.Idecidedtocompletelyreorganizeandcleanmyroomsothatallthebooks,belts,andbasketswereintheirrightplace.Itwaslikefindingthemissingpiecesofthepuzzle.Thefinishingtouchwasframingthatphotoandhangingithighuponmywall.Afterall,itwasmeIhadbeensearchingfor.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者多年来不注意打扫室内卫生，生活也因此变得混乱。一天，她决定改变现状。4．Paragraph1ismainlyabouttheauthor's________.A．disorganizedlifestyleB．regularstudyhabitsC．unusualhobbiesD．busylife解析：选A　段落大意题。由第一段可知，作者室内的东西摆放无序，混乱不堪。故选A项。5．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawaspiderinherbedroom?A．Frightened.B．Curious.C．Ashamed.D．Excited.解析：选C　推理判断题。由第二段最后一句“IsuddenlyfeltterribleforeverythinginmyroomthatIhadburiedandhadanurgetomakethemreappear.”可知，看到卧室里的蜘蛛后，作者为房间里胡乱堆放的东西感觉很不好。据此可推断，作者为自己邋遢的行为感到羞愧。6．Whatdidtheauthorrealizewhenshewasdoingtheclean­up?A．Hermomlovedherverymuch.B．Itwasimportanttofindherplace.C．Shehadlostmanyfondmemories.D．Friendshipdidn'tchangeovertime.解析：选C　细节理解题。由第四段中的“Ihadlostsomanypreciouschildhoodmemoriesovertime”可知，作者收拾房间时发现自己失去了很多美好的回忆。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph5referto?A．Thinkingofthepast.B．Tidyinguptheroom.C．Sortingthroughthephotos.D．Readinglettersfromfriends.解析：选B　代词指代题。由语境可知，画线词指代上文的“completelyreorganizeandcleanmyroom”。CNoneofhumankind'sbattleshasprovedmorelasting—orlesssuccessful—thanthewaronmosquitoes.Aroundtheworldeachyear,millionsofpeopledieofdiseasesspreadbytheinsect.It'safamiliarlistofstubbornplagues(瘟疫)—withsomefrighteningrecentadditions.Themosquito­bornechikungunyavirushasspreadtopartsofAfrica,Europe,Asia,andasof2013,theAmericas.Itseffects,whilepainful,paleincomparisonwiththoseoftheZikavirus,whichisspreadingfastthroughbothNorthandSouthAmerica,andleavingseverelydamagedbabiesinitswake.Wehavedrained(排空)pollutedpools,warnedofthedangersofstandingwater,andsprayedariverofchemicalstokillmosquitoes.Wehaveputupbednetsandwindowscreens;wehaveeducatedandwarned.Andyet,we'relosingthisfight.Themosquitoremainsthemostdangerousnon­humananimalonEarthandmanyscientistsfearitmaybecomeevenmorewidespreadandharmfulwiththeriseinglobaltemperaturesandinternationaltravel.OurnextweaponofchoiceisDNA.Scientistsareworkingtochangemosquitoes'genes.Newgene­editingtechniques,describedinthismonth'scoverstory,makeitpossibletochangethemosquito'sgenessoitcan'tspreadthemalariaparasite(疟疾寄生虫).Andyetanotherwouldchangemosquitoes'genestopreventthebirthoffemales—theonesthatbite—sothediseaseswillstopspreadingand,intime,theinsectwilldieout.Somemayseethesetechniquesasarevolutionaryadvanceagainstdiseasethatcanbepassedfromonepersontoanother;others,asaworryingcaseofscientistsplayingGod.Likemanybreakthroughs,thisoneraisesdeepquestions.Nomatterhowharmfulawildspeciesis,canweaffordtorisktheconsequencesofchangingitsgeneticcode?Orcanweaffordnotto,asmalariaalonekills,onaverage,onechildeverytwominutesinAfrica?Weinviteyoutoreadourcoverstorywiththesequestionsinmind.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类与蚊子之间旷日持久的斗争。)8．Whatmayencouragethespreadofmosquitoes?A．Globalwarming.B．Useofchemicals.C．Thedecreaseofpools.D．Theriskofsomediseases.解析：选A　细节理解题。由第二段最后一句中的“itmaybecomeevenmorewidespreadandharmfulwiththeriseinglobaltemperatures...”可知，全球变暖可能会促进蚊子的扩散。9．Howdothenewtechniqueswork?A．Theycaneditanewgeneticcode.B．Theywillremovethepoisonofmosquitoes.C．Theycanstopfemalemosquitoesgivingbirth.D．Theycanmakemosquitoesdieoutimmediately.解析：选A　细节理解题。由第三段中的“OurnextweaponofchoiceisDNA...changethemosquito'sgenes.”可知，新技术可以给蚊子编辑新的遗传密码。10．Inwhattonedoestheauthorwritethelastparagraph?A．Pride.B．Regret.C．Concern.D．Confidence.解析：选C　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“thisoneraisesdeepquestions.Nomatterhowharmfulawildspeciesis,canweaffordtorisktheconsequences...inAfrica”可知，作者担心无论是否采取新的基因方法，人类都会面临风险。可见作者的语气是担忧的。11．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．MysteriousDNA.B．Anextinctspecies.C．Anewwaronmosquitoes.D．Mosquitoesaroundtheworld.解析：选C　主旨大意题。本文介绍了蚊子对人类的危害以及人类一直以来为控制蚊子带来的危害而采取的 措施 《全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观软件质量保证措施下载工地伤害及预防措施下载关于贯彻落实的具体措施 ，进而提出了如何用DNA这一新技术对抗蚊子。故C项恰当。D“TheReadingMother”isanoldpoem,andI'mnotsurewhenIfirstheardit.ButmyfavoritelinecomestomindwheneverIseeamomreadingtoherchild:“RicherthanIyouwillneverbe—Ihadamotherwhoreadtome.”Certainly,bythatmeasure,I'mawealthyperson,asaremychildren.Decadesago,educatorscited(引证)readingasthemostfundamentalskillchildrenacquire,andtheypromotedtheideathatreadingaloudtochildreniscriticallyimportant.Earlychildhoodteacherscanquicklyspotthestudentswhoarereadtodaily,astheyarealreadyontheirwaytobecominggoodfuturereaders.Andnowpediatricians(儿科医生)arealsospeakingoftheimportanceofreadingtochildren—particularlyinthefirstthreeyearsoftheirlives.Inanewpolicyannouncement,theAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(AAP)isurgingitsphysicianmemberstotellparentsthatit'scriticaltoread,speakandsingtochildrenattheverybeginningoftheiryounglives,becausethat'showtheyacquirevocabularyandotherimportantskillsthatmaydeterminelaterschoolsuccess.Doctorsmightalsotalktoparentsabouthowregularreadingisessentialtophysicaldevelopment.Existinglinksamongbraincellsarestrengthened.Newcellsareformed.Reading,asitturnsout,isbrainfood!Maybeit'sevenfairtosaythatnochildiscompletelyhealthyifheorshehasnotheldabookorheardastory.Inmyexperience,manyparentsandgrandparents—eventhewealthyandwell­educated—aresurprisedtoheartheresearchandlearnthatit'snevertoosoontoreadtobabies.TheAAPandotherspointoutthatlow­incomechildrenareofparticularconcern.Studiesshowthatmoreaffluent(富裕的)childrenhearmillionsmorewordsspoken,read,orsungthandochildrenfromlow­incomehomes.This“wordgap”giveslow­incomechildrenaclearacademicdisadvantage,whichmaybeapparentasearlyas18months.Oneeasywaytoclosethatwordgapistoexposebabiestobooks.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇议 论文 政研论文下载论文大学下载论文大学下载关于长拳的论文浙大论文封面下载 。文章论述了家长尽早给孩子读书的重要性。)12．Whatmakeschildrenrichaccordingtothementionedoldpoem?A．Owningtonsofbooks.B．Studyinghardatschool.C．Listeningtotheirmomsread.D．Appreciatingpoemsatanearlyage.解析：选C　细节理解题。由第一段中的“myfavoritelinecomestomindwheneverIseeamomreadingtoherchild...I'mawealthyperson,asaremychildren”可知，根据该诗，有母亲给读书的孩子是富有的。故C项正确。13．Whatdodoctorsaskparentstodonowadays?A．Teachtheirkidstospeakinpublic.B．Readtotheirkidsasearlyaspossible.C．Helptheirkidstoperformwellatschool.D．Encouragetheirkidstolearnvariousskills.解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段中的“urgingitsphysicianmemberstotellparentsthatit'scriticaltoread,speakandsingtochildrenattheverybeginningoftheiryounglives”可知，如今医生告诉家长应尽早开始给孩子读书。14．WecaninferfromParagraph4thatreadinghelpschildren________.A．improvebrainfunctionB．buildstrongrelationshipsC．formhealthylivinghabitsD．earnmoremoneyinfuture解析：选A　推理判断题。由第四段中的“regularreadingisessentialtophysicaldevelopment.Existinglinksamongbraincellsarestrengthened.Newcellsareformed.Reading,asitturnsout,isbrainfood”可推断，阅读可以帮助孩子们改善大脑功能。15．Whichcancausethe“wordgap”accordingtotheAAP?A．Poorfamilybackground.B．Ill­educatedgrandparents.C．Wealthybutbusyparents.D．Anunhappyhomeenvironment.解析：选A　细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Studiesshowthat...giveslow­incomechildrenaclearacademicdisadvantage”可知，贫穷的家庭背景可能导致孩子语言输入欠缺，造成与其他孩子的词汇差距。Ⅱ.阅读七选五ItseemedlikeanordinarybusridehomefromschoolforGraceanneRumer,then17.Feelingthepressureofaheavyworkload,shewasstrugglingtokeephereyesopen.“__16__，”Graceannerecalls.“Igotonthebusandtoldoneofmyfriends,‘I'msotiredthatIjustwanttogotosleep.’”__17__.Thebusdriverhadpassedout,felloverthewheel,andtheschoolbuswasrunningoutofcontrol—straightintotheoncomingtraffic.Oneyoungergirlonthebussaidtoher,“Youhaveyourlicense—drivethebus！”__18__.Sherushedtothefrontofthebus,grabbedthewheeltodrivethebusawayfromoncomingcars,andthenpulledthebussafelytothesideoftheroad.__19__.“Alltheparentswerehuggingme.I'mdefinitelygladthatIwasabletodoit.”Youmightthinkyoudon'thavethespecialblendofbraveryandselflessnesstostepuplikeGraceannedid,butitturnsoutheroesaren'tjustborn—they'remade.“Somepeoplethinkthattobeahero,youhavetohavesomespecialskillthatgoesaboveandbeyondwhatordinarypeoplehave，”saysZenoFranco,apsychologistwhostudiesheroicactionattheMedicalCollegeofWisconsin.“__20__.Whatwe'resayingnowisthatanyonecanbecomeahero.”A．We'vemovedfromthatpositionB．ItwasasifshehaddrivenmanytimesbeforeC．Withinafewminutes,though,GraceannewasawokenbyscreamsD．Itwasafewdaysbeforemidtermexams,andIwasreallywornoutE．Eventhoughshewasinapanic,GraceannemanagedtotakeactionF．Someteensdiscoveredtheirsuperpowersinlife­or­deathsituationsG．Afterthat,theyoungbusridersgotoutandreunitedwiththeirgratefulfamilies语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。校车司机突然昏厥，17岁的少女挺身而出，安全把车停到路边，救了一车乘客的性命。16．选D　根据上一句内容和本空后的“I'msotiredthatIjustwanttogotosleep”可知，因为“没几天就要期中考试了”，Graceanne学习任务繁重，所以她感到“很累”，想睡觉。17．选C　根据下一句内容不难看出，当时情况危急，人们都“尖叫”起来，“吵醒了”已经睡着的Graceanne。18．选E　根据下句中的“rushed,grabbed,pulled”可知，“尽管Graceanne也惊慌失措，但还是采取了行动”。19．选G　根据上句中的“pulledthebussafelytothesideoftheroad”及下句中的parents可知，Graceanne安全停车后，“乘客们下了车与感激的家人团聚”。20．选A　根据上句中的“youhavetohavesomespecialskillthatgoesaboveandbeyondwhatordinarypeoplehave”及下句中的“anyonecanbecomeahero”可知，人们对于英雄的“看法发生了改变”，不再认为英雄必须具有超越普通人的能力，而是认为任何人都能成为英雄。position在这里表示“观点，看法”。[读写一体超值训练]读后语基练习——复现考纲词汇，增分书面表达　一、语篇复现词汇——让你用对写美1．Itnotonlygaveusachancetogetclosetonature,butalsogaveusrelaxation(relax)fromourstudy.2．Theresultwillhelptopredictsomemajorandseverediseasesandyourpreference(prefer)fordietandremindyouofsuitablewaystoexercise.3．Asyoumentionedthatyouareparticularlykeenontraditional(tradition)magicalnovelswithsuperbfantasy,IrecommendJourneytotheWesttoyou.4．Dalianissuchanattractive(attract)placethatlotsoftouristsvisitthecityeveryyear.5．Theblackboardwas_decorated(decorate)withbeautifulwords,whichread“HappyTeachers'Day！”6．Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployees(employ)enjoytheirwork.7．Thedoctoradvisedherto_eat(eat)morebeanproductsinplaceofmeatwhichmightbeharmfultoherheart.8．Whatevershesayswillnotmakeanydifferencetoourarrangements(arrange)．9．Ifyouwanttoapplyformembership,you'rerequiredtofillintheapplication(apply)formandsendanemailtopingpong@123.com.10．Successfully(successful),IhavelentahelpinghandtoherinseveralEnglishactivitiesofmyclass,whichhavebeenappreciatedbybothteachersandmyclassmates.二、语篇复现短语——让你用活写靓A．英汉互译1．besurroundedwith　　　被……包围2．becomeawareof意识到3．haveanurgetodosth.渴望做某事；有做某事的欲望4．nextto紧靠着5．searchfor寻找6．搭建；举起；竖起put_up7．及时；最终in_time8．平均on_average9．指出point_out10．最终是，结果是turn_outB．运用上述短语完成句子1．Next_tothisrestaurantstandmanybuildingsandanothergrandhotelwhichisbeautifullydecorated.2．Tosomepeople,happinessis_surrounded_withfamilyandfriends.3．Thedriverdidn'tcatchsightofanothercarin_time,_sotheaccidenthappened.4．AccordingtoasurveyinChina,everyadultreads5.16printedbookseverymonthon_average.5．Ifirmlybelievethatthemorewebecome_aware_ofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.6．EventhestudentswhousedtodislikeEnglishhaveturned_outtobeinterestedinthesubject.7．Theteacherpointed_outthemistakesinhercomposition.8．Aftergettingtheworkdone,weput_upaboardremindingpeopletoprotectthetrees.9．Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandstosearch_foranysurvivorintheearthquake.10．Inordertoimprovelearningefficiency,wehave_an_urge_toformthehabitofthinkingindependentlyandreviewinglessonsintime.三、语篇择句仿写——让你译准写高1．Newgene­editingtechniques,describedinthismonth'scoverstory,makeitpossibletochangethemosquito'sgenessoitcan'tspreadthemalariaparasite(疟疾寄生虫)．[句式 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 ]　过去分词短语describedinthismonth'scoverstory在句中作后置定语，修饰techniques;“make＋形式宾语it＋宾语补足语”构成make复合结构，在这个结构中不定式短语作真正的宾语；连词so在句中引导目的状语从句。[自主翻译]　在这个月的封面故事中所描述的新的基因重组技术使得改变蚊子的基因成为可能，这样它就不会传播疟疾寄生虫。[佳句仿写]　①它刊载了一些由外国朋友所写的有关他们国家文化的文章。Itcarriesarticleswritten_by_foreign_friendsabouttheculturesoftheirhomecountries.②我们的新体育馆足够大，这使得组织一些体育比赛，例如篮球、乒乓球成为可能。Ournewstadiumisbigenough,whichmakes_it_possible_to_organizesomesportseventssuchasbasketballandtabletennis.2．Earlychildhoodteacherscanquicklyspotthestudentswhoarereadtodaily,astheyarealreadyontheirwaytobecominggoodfuturereaders.[句式分析]　关系代词who在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词thestudents；从属连词as在句中引导原因状语。[自主翻译]　启蒙老师很快就能够分出每天都接触阅读材料的学生，因为他们正在成为优秀的阅读者。[佳句仿写]　另外，你应该尊重所有那些无私帮助你获得很多知识的老师们。Inaddition,youshouldrespectalltheteacherswho_unselfishly_help_you_to_gainmuch_knowledge.阅读理解板块限时练(二)(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AIfyouwanttobeawriterandhavealwaysdreamtaboutthedaywhenaworld­famousauthorwouldnotonlyreadyourwriting,butalsoshoweryouwithprizesthenthatdayhasfinallyarrived—atleastforthoseofyouthatareattending4th－8thgrade.That'sbecausePseudonymousBosch,thebest­sellingauthorofTheSecretSeriesislookingforyourighthere,onDOGOnews!Allyouhavetodoisparticipateinourfictionalwritingcontest.Toenter,youcanclickhere,thenwatchthevideoandlistencarefullytoinstructionsfromPseudonymousBosch.Afterthat,logintoyouriDOGOaccount.Selectfromoneofthreecategories—Funny,MysteriousorStrangeandbeginwritingyourfictionaltale.Remember,anyentriesthatcontainfactsaboutyourselforevenworse,anybadlanguage,willbeautomaticallydisqualified!Also,yourstoryhastorangebetween100－300words.And,whileyourworkisdone,wewillbeunabletosendtheentrytotheauthoruntilwehaveyourParentalConsentonfile.Somakesureyouprintoneoutandhaveyourparent/guardianfillit,signitandsendittouseitherviae­mailateditor@dogonews.comorviasnailmailtotheofficeaddressspecifiedontheform.Now,believeitornot,PseudonymousBoschisgoingtoreadeverysingleentryanddecidethewinnerineachofthethreecategories.ThoseluckyindividualswillreceiveasetoftheentirecollectionofTheSecretSeries,aswellas,hisnewbook—WriteThisBook:ADo­It­YourselfMystery—allautographedbytheauthorofcourse!Ifyouarestillunclearaboutanyoftherules,letusknowbywritinginacommentandwewilltrytoreplythebestwecan.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章就一次写作竞赛作了详细说明，包括报名须知、参赛作品要求以及参赛细则等。1．Whoisthecontestintendedfor?A．Professionaltextbookauthors.B．Anyonewhoisgoodatwriting.C．BigfansofPseudonymousBosch.D．Somestudentsinterestedinwriting.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ifyouwanttobeawriter...thatdayhasfinallyarrived—atleastforthoseofyouthatareattending4th－8thgrade.”和第二段中的“Allyouhavetodoisparticipateinourfictionalwritingcontest.”可知，这一比赛是专为四到八年级的有志成为作家的学生举行的。2．Whichofthefollowingentriesmightbeaccepted?A．Ajokeusingoffensivelanguage.B．Anessayontheoriginoflanguages.C．Anadventurestoryofabout200words.D．Astorybasedonthewriter'schildhood.解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段中对参赛作品要求的内容可知只有C项符合比赛要求。3．WhatshouldparticipantssubmittomakesurePseudonymousBoschreadstheirwriting?A．Anoutlinefortheirwriting.B．Aphotographofthemselves.C．Acompletedapplicationform.D．Anagreementaparenthassigned.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“wewillbeunabletosendtheentrytotheauthoruntilwehaveyourParentalConsentonfile”和“haveyourparent/guardianfillit,signit”可知，档案中必须放入家长或监护人签名的同意书。BForthepastthreesummers,JennyHowardhasworkedonSealIsland,Maine.Howard,whoholdsabachelor'sdegreeinartsandbiologywithanenvironmentalscienceconcentrationfromKenyonCollegeinOhio,isthesupervisor(主管)forProjectPuffin,aseabirdrestorationproject.Sheandasmallcrewofvolunteersmonitorandprotecttheseabirdsduringthesummerbreeding(繁殖)season.Thepuffinwithacolorfulbeak(喙)isoftenreferredtoasa“seaparrot”.Theywerehuntedmorethan150yearsagoforfoodandfeathersanddisappearedfromSealIsland,oncehometothelargestpuffinhabitatinMaine.Dr.SteveKress,founderofProjectPuffin,reintroducedthepuffintotheisland40yearsago.Frommid­Maytomid­August,crewsliveintentsthatareontopof8­foot­widewoodenplatforms,overlookingarockybeach.“Yougetreallyclosetopeoplereallyfastbecauseyou'respendingallyourtimewiththem，”Howardsaid.Thecrewbringsonlywhattheycancarryontheirbackswhentheytraveltotheisland:clothes,books,andfood.There'snorefrigerationontheisland,andwiththeexceptionoftwosolar­poweredlights,there'snoelectricityeither.Foodandfreshwateraredeliveredevery10daysbyalocal.TheonlyrealstructureontheislandistheSealIslandcabin.Itoffersmoreprotectionthanthetentsandiswheremostoftheresearchanddataentryaredone.It'salsoasafeplaceforthecrewtocookandstaywarm.ForHoward,thebestpartofadayspentontheislandisgettingtoplaywiththebirds.“Youseeababychick,andyoucan'thelpbutsmile，”Howardsaid.“It'sacompletelydifferentstyleoflifefromtheaverageperson,butIjustlovethework,andIlovewakingupandgettingexcitedaboutwhatI'mgoingtodo.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。JennyHoward是“海鹦项目”的主管，为了观察和保护海鹦的繁殖，她和志愿者们一起住在海豹岛上，过着简单而快乐的生活。4．WhatdoesHowarddoonSealIsland?A．Sheprotectspuffinsfromhunting.B．ShehelpsDr.Kresswithhisresearch.C．Shehelpspuffinswiththeirproductivity.D．Shestudiesforanenvironmentalsciencedegree.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Sheandasmallcrewofvolunteersmonitorandprotecttheseabirdsduringthesummerbreeding(繁殖)season.”可知，Howard住在海豹岛上是为了观察和保护海鹦繁殖，以使其数量不断增加。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“people”inParagraph3referto?A．Thehunters.　　　　B．Thelocals.C．Thepuffins.D．Thevolunteers.解析：选D　词义猜测题。结合第一段中的“Sheandasmallcrewofvolunteersmonitorandprotecttheseabirds”和第三段中的“crewsliveintentsthatareontopof8­foot­widewoodenplatforms”可知，Howard和志愿者们一起住在狭小的帐篷里，很快就互相了解了。6．HowaretheworkingconditionsonSealIsland?A．Poor.B．Safe.C．Flexible.D．Satisfying.解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段内容和第五段中的“TheonlyrealstructureontheislandistheSealIslandcabin.”可以推知，岛上的生活和工作条件都很艰苦。7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．DowhatyoulikeB．RareseabirdsonSealIslandC．LivingsimplytohelpsavepuffinsD．ReintroducingpuffinstoSealIsland解析：选C　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了JennyHoward和她的同伴们住在海豹岛上保护海鹦的故事，故C项作标题最能概括文章主旨。CBeesee,beedo.Atleastthat'stheconclusionofresearchpublishedearlierthismonthinthejournalPLOSBiology,showingthatbumblebeeslearntosolveproblemsbywatchingeachother.Inthefirststudyofitskindininsects,scientistsconstructedexperimentsthatchallengedbeestopullstringsinordertoaccessrewardsofnectar(花蜜)．Thescientistshopedtheirstudywouldthrowlightonabiggerpicture:howsociallearningspreadsthroughapopulation.Inthestudy,LarsChittkafromQueenMaryUniversityofLondonandhisteammadeartificialflowersandfilledthemwithartificialnectarmadeofsugarwater.Theyputtheflowersunderacleartypeofplasticandattachedastring.Thentheyaddedbees.Whilemostoftheinsectsfailedtoreachthenectar,afeweventuallyfiguredouthowtoaccessit,bypullingthestring.Theteamdiscoveredthattheycouldgreatlyincreasethesuccessrateofthebeesbyfirstplacingtheminsideatransparent(透明的)boxwheretheycouldobserveanexperiencedbeepullthestring.Then,whentheboxedbeeswerereleased,theyoftenknewwhattodoandsuccessfullypulledthestringtoobtainnectar.Next,theresearchersaddedabeethatwasexperiencedinstringpullingtoeachofthreenewgroupsthathadneverseentheexperimentbefore.Withinashorttime,abouthalfofallthosebeesweresoonpullingthestrings.Thatresultsuggeststhelearnedbehaviorcouldspreadfrombeetobee,similartothewayculturalideasspreadinotheranimals,includingpeople.Theexperimentsuggeststhatsociallearningmaybemorewidespreadintheanimalkingdomthanpeoplepreviouslythought.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。英国科学家通过实验发现，蜜蜂可以从同伴那里学会新技能。8．Whathappenedafterthebeepulledthestring?A．Itjoinedothers.B．Itsawflowers.C．Itfoundwater.D．Itgotnectar.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“pullstringsinordertoaccessrewardsofnectar(花蜜)”和第五段内容可知，蜜蜂把绳拉动之后就可以得到花蜜。9．Whatdidtheboxedbeesdoafterbeingsetfree?A．Theywatchedtheexperiencedbeework.B．Theyimitatedtheexperiencedbee.C．Theyflewdirectlytotherewards.D．Theyflewbacktothebox.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“whentheboxedbeeswerereleased,theyoftenknewwhattodoandsuccessfullypulledthestringtoobtainnectar”可知，把蜜蜂从透明盒子里放出来之后，它们就会模仿那只有经验的蜜蜂拉绳取蜜。10．Whywasanexperiencedbeeaddedtonewbeegroups?A．Toreducethedifficultyoftheexperiment.B．Towatchtheprocessofstringpulling.C．Tocarrytheexperimentfurther.D．Tokeepthebees'interest.解析：选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“placingtheminsideatransparent(透明的)boxwheretheycouldobserveanexperiencedbeepullthestring”和倒数第二段中的“eachofthreenewgroupsthathadneverseentheexperimentbefore”可知，在后一个实验中，蜜蜂面临的挑战升级，这样做的目的就是使研究更深入。11．Whatdoesthestudyfind?A．Mostanimalscreatetheirowncultures.B．Stringsareparticularlyattractivetobees.C．Animalsmayhavegoodsociallearningability.D．Bumblebeesmaybesmarterthanotherbeespecies.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“thelearnedbehaviorcouldspreadfrombeetobee,similartothewayculturalideasspreadinotheranimals,includingpeople”和最后一段中的“sociallearningmaybemorewidespreadintheanimalkingdomthanpeoplepreviouslythought”可知，这项研究发现动物们可能具有良好的相互学习的能力。DTheotherday,mysisterandIweresittinginarestaurant,tryingtohaveaconversation,butherchildren,four­year­oldWillowandseven­year­oldLuca,wouldnotstopfighting.Thearguments—overafork,orwhohadmorewaterinaglass—neverstopped.Thenmysisterreachedintoherhandbag,producedtwoshinyiPads(苹果平板电脑),andhandedonetoeachchild.Suddenly,thetwowerequiet.Theysatplayinggamesandwatchingvideos,andwecontinuedwithourconversation.Afterourmeal,asmysisterstuffedtheiPadsbackintoherbag,shesaid，“Idon'twanttogivethemtheiPadsatthedinnertable,butiftheykeepthemoccupiedforanhoursowecaneatinpeace,Ioftenjusthandthemover.I'mafraidit'sbadforthem.Idoworrythatitmakesthemthinkit'sOKtouseelectronicsatthedinnertableinthefuture.”Dr.GarySmall,directoroftheLongevityCenterattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelessaysthatthebrainishighlysensitivetostimuli(刺激物),likeiPadsandsmartphonescreens,andifpeoplespendtoomuchtimeononetechnology,andlesstimeinteracting(互动)withpeoplelikeparentsatthedinnertable,thatcouldpreventthedevelopmentofcertaincommunicationskills.“Conversationswitheachotherarethewaychildrenlearntohaveconversationswiththemselves,andlearnhowtobealone，”saidSherryTurkle,aprofessorofscience,technologyandsocietyattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Shefearsthatchildrenwhodonotlearnrealinteractions,whichoftenhaveimperfections,willcometoknowaworldwhereperfect,shinyscreensgivethemafalsesenseofintimacy(亲密)withoutrisk.However,theyneedtobeabletogatherthemselvesandknowwhotheyare.Sosomedaytheycanformarelationshipwithanotherpersonwithoutapanicofbeingalone.“Ifyoudon'tteachyourchildrentobealone,they'llonlyknowhowtobelonely，”shesaid.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。用iPad让孩子们安静下来似乎很有效，但是这样做对吗？)12．WhatdidWillowandLucafightabout?A．iPads.B．Littlethings.C．Deliciousfood.D．Interestingthings.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thearguments—overafork,orwhohadmorewaterinaglass—neverstopped.”可以看出，Willow和Luca为一些小事争吵。13．Howdidtheauthor'ssisterfeelaboutofferingchildreniPads?A．Shewascriticalofit.B．Shefeltitwasworthatry.C．Shewasuncertainaboutit.D．Shefeltsurprisedatitseffect.解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，虽然作者的姐姐会用iPad让孩子们安静下来，但是她又担心这样做不好，因此说她对这种做法心存疑虑。14．AccordingtoDr.Small,whatshouldparentsdo?A．Providetheirchildrenwithvarioustechnologies.B．Teachtheirchildrencommunicationskills.C．Talktotheirchildrenatthedinnertable.D．Limittheirchildren'sscreentime.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“ifpeoplespendtoomuchtimeononetechnology...preventthedevelopmentofcertaincommunicationskills”可知，长时间使用电子设备有碍于孩子们一些沟通技能的发展，因此家长应该限制孩子使用这些设备的时间。15．WhatisSherryTurkleworried?A．Childrenareafraidoftakingrisks.B．Childrentrytoescapefromtherealworld.C．Childrencan'tlivewithoutelectronicdevices.D．Childrencan'tdealwithcompanion­lesssituations.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Shefearsthatchildrenwho...afalsesenseofintimacy(亲密)withoutrisk.”可知，SherryTurkle担心孩子们习惯了电子设备的陪伴，认为真正的人际交往也是如此，随时随地有人陪伴，因此他们会受不了孤单。Ⅱ.阅读七选五BreakingbadreadinghabitsAreyoueagertobecomeafasterreader?Readingfasterisn'taboutfinishingbookswithoutcomprehensionorenjoyment.__16__Todoso,youneedtochangesomebadreadinghabits.1．Avoidsoundingoutthewordsinyourhead.Manypeoplesoundoutthewordsastheyread—eitherbymovingtheirlipsorhearingthewordsintheirhead.__17__Thisisbecauseitonlyallowsyoutoreadthewordsasfastasyoucansaythem,whichisn'tveryfastatall.2．__18__Anothercommonpracticewhichslowsdownreadingspeedhugelyisthepracticeofreadingeachindividualwordseparately.Instead,youshouldtrytoreadinchunks(语块)．3．Overcomeinefficienteyemovement.Whenchildrenlearnhowtoread,theyaretaughttolookateachwordindividuallybeforemovingontothenext.__19__Therefore,thispracticemakesreadingalotlessefficient.4．Avoiddistractions.Manypeopleareslowreaderssimplybecausetheyoftenreadinaninappropriateenvironment.Ifyouwanttoreadquicklyandabsorbthematerialinfrontofyou,youneedtoavoidallkindsofdistractions.Don'ttrytoreadinaloudenvironment.__20__Readinaquiet,peacefulenvironmentwherereadingisyouronlyfocus.A．Avoidreadingwordbyword.B．Don'treadthesamesentencetwoorthreetimes.C．Itwon'timproveyourunderstandingofthematerial.D．Otherwise,you'llfindyourselfgettingdistractedandrereadingparagraphs.E．However,youreyesareabletotakeinmuchmorethanasinglewordatatime.F．It'saboutlearningtopickupthespeedandstilltakeintheinformationinanenjoyableway.G．Althoughitisaneffectivewayofteachingkidshowtoread,itisnotbeneficialtoreadingfaster.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过改变不好的阅读习惯提高阅读速度的方法。16．选F　F项中的“It'sabout...”与上文的“Readingfasterisn'taboutfinishingbookswithoutcomprehensionorenjoyment.”相呼应。17．选G　G项中的it指代上文的“soundoutthewordsastheyread”。18．选A　由下文的“Another...readingeachindividualwordseparately...inchunks(语块)．”可知，本段主要是讲要避免逐字阅读。A项是对本段内容的概括。19．选E　E项与上文的“lookateachwordindividuallybeforemovingontothenext”是转折关系。20．选D　D项与上文的“Don'ttrytoreadinaloudenvironment.”相呼应，是上文产生的后果。[读写一体超值训练]读后语基练习——复现考纲词汇，增分书面表达　一、语篇复现词汇——让你用对写美1．Itisrecognizedthatenvironmental(environment)pollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.2．Speakingonthephonerequiresconcentration(concentrate)andtakesadriver'sattentionfromtheroad.3．Thespeechdelivered(deliver)bytheheadmasteratthemeetingyesterdayleftadeepimpressiononhisstudents.4．Weshouldappealtopeopletosavethingsthatthenatureoffers(offer)tous.5．Thereweseemanyfossilsofdifferent(difference)kindsofdinosaurs.6．Fromthestoryabove,wecandrawtheconclusion(conclude)thatweshouldn'tjudgeabookby/fromitscover.7．However,whenpreparingfortheEnglishspeechcontest,Ifounditverychallenging(challenge)tocollectinformationanduselanguagecorrectly.8．Thesignificanceattached(attach)toanationaldayisverydifferentfromcountrytocountry.9．Aslongaswehavetheenthusiasmtofollowourdream,wearesuretosucceedeventually(eventual)．10．NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworthyto_be_experienced(experience)．二、语篇复现短语——让你用活写靓A．英汉互译1．figureout　　　　　　弄明白，弄清楚2．referto...as...把……称之为……3．closeto接近4．aswellas也，又；和……一样5．participatein参加6．信不信由你believe_it_or_not7．醒来wake_up8．对……敏感be_sensitive_to9．是……的家园be_home_to10．梦想dream_aboutB．运用上述短语完成句子1．Ihavebeendreaming_aboutbecominganastronautandgoingtothespaceoneday.2．Weappreciateparticipating_inthisactivity,whichhashelpedtobuildanemotionalconnectionbetweentheoldandtheyoung.3．Believe_it_or_not,_helearnedtoswiminonlyhalfaday.4．Thepencil­boxonthedeskas_well_asthebookmarksbelongstomylittlesister.5．Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferred_to_as“whitecollarworkers”．6．Doyoueverstopandthinkaboutthisbig,beautifulworldwelivein?Itis_home_to_somanypeopleandanimals.7．Youshouldn'tstayatyourofficeallday;gettingclose_tonatureisgoodforyourhealth.8．Doyouwake_upeverymorningfeelingenergeticandreadytostartanewday?9．Wecan'tfigure_outhowtooperatethenewmachine.10．Myteetharereallysensitive_tohotandcoldfood.三、语篇择句仿写——让你译准写高1．Whilemostoftheinsectsfailedtoreachthenectar,afeweventuallyfiguredouthowtoaccessit,bypullingthestring.[句式分析]　连词while在此引导并列句，前后两类昆虫构成对照；“疑问词how＋不定式toaccess”作动词短语figureout的宾语；介词短语bydoing表示方式。[自主翻译]　大部分昆虫没有能够得到花蜜，而有些昆虫通过拉动绳子最终弄清楚了怎样接近花蜜。[佳句仿写]　好的习惯总是带来高效率，而不好的习惯效果恰恰相反。Goodhabitsalwaysleadtohighefficiency,while_bad_ones_lead_to_the_opposite.2．Thatresultsuggeststhelearnedbehaviorcouldspreadfrombeetobee,similartothewayculturalideasspreadinotheranimals,includingpeople.[句式分析]　suggest后接宾语从句；形容词短语“similartotheway...”在句中作状语；theway后接定语从句“culturalideasspreadinotheranimals,includingpeople”。[自主翻译]　那个结果表明已学得的行为可以在蜜蜂之间进行传播，这和其他动物(包括人)之间传播文化观念的方式相似。[佳句仿写]　因此，我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡，像运动、听音乐等。SoI_suggest_you_should_keep_the_balance_betweenyourstudyandentertainment,suchassports,listeningtomusicandsoon.阅读理解板块限时练(三)(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AActivitiesinCincinnatiMuseumCenterMovieMagicCampEverythingisawesomeatMuseumCamp!Discoverwhathappensbehindthescenesofamovie.Learnhowtomakeastoryboard,studymoviemagicsecretsandcreateananimationmovie.Admission:AdmissionFeeAgeRange:Grades1－6Category:Programs,Children,EducationTime:9：00amto4：00pmInsideaVikingHomeTakealookattheinsideofaVikinghome.Admission:FreetoMembersorwithMuseumAdmissionAgeRange:EarlyChildhood,Grades1－6,Preteen,Teen,AdultCategory:TravelingExhibitsTime:11：00amto12：00pmParochial(教区的)andPrivateSchoolsHistorySessionHearabouttheestablishmentofprivate,Catholic,JewishandotherindependentschoolsinCincinnatiincludingthegrowthofearlyIrishandGermanspeakingschools.Admission:AdmissionFeeAgeRange:AdultCategory:Programs,History,EducationTime:7：00pmto8：30pmGalaxy(星系)ExplorersCometoacampthat'ssuretobeoutofthisworld!Discoversecretsofoursolarsystemandlearnaboutgalaxiesfaraway!Admission:AdmissionFeeAgeRange:EarlyChildhood,TeenCategory:Programs,Science,Children,EducationTime:9：00amto5：00pmeq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了辛辛那提博物馆中心举办的几项活动。)1．WhatcanyoudoatMovieMagicCamp?A．Tellyourfavoritestory.B．Listentoawonderfulstory.C．Learnhowtomakemovies.D．Appreciateananimationmovie.解析：选C　细节理解题。由MovieMagicCamp部分中的“Discoverwhathappensbehindthescenesofamovie...createananimationmovie.”可知，游客可以通过这项活动了解电影制作的方法和过程。2．WhatisspecialaboutInsideaVikingHome?A．Itisfreetoallpeople.B．Itsuitsbothkidsandadults.C．Itisopenintheearlymorning.D．Itallowsvisitorstoliveinahouse.解析：选B　细节理解题。由InsideaVikingHome部分中的“AgeRange:EarlyChildhood,Grades1－6,Preteen,Teen,Adult”，再结合其他三项活动可知，这项活动的特别之处是它对小孩和成人都适合。3．Whichactivitywouldascience­loverprobablybeinterestedin?A．GalaxyExplorers.B．MovieMagicCamp.C．InsideaVikingHome.D．ParochialandPrivateSchoolsHistorySession.解析：选A　细节理解题。由Galaxy(星系)Explorers部分中的“Discoversecretsofoursolarsystemandlearnaboutgalaxiesfaraway.”及“Category:Programs,Science”可知，这项活动会使科学爱好者感兴趣。BPamelaMalhotraandherhusbandAnilK．Malhotrahavespentthelast25yearsbuyingabandonedagriculturallandandreforestingit,toreturnthelandtoabio­diverserainforestforelephants,birdsandothercreatures.Thecoupleowns300acresoflandinBrahmagiri,India.They'vespottedmorethan300kindsofbirdsaswellasmanyrareandthreatenedanimalspecies.But,thiswasnotthescenein1991whenAnilandPamelacametothispartofthecountry.“WhenIcamehere,itwasawasteland.Theownerwantedtosellbecausehecouldn'tgrowcoffeeoranythingelsehere，”saysAnilwhoworkedintherealestate(房地产)andrestaurantbusinessintheUSbeforemovingtoIndia.“FormeandPamela,thiswaswhatwewerelookingforallourlife.”Thecouplehadalovefornaturefromtheirchildhood.WhentheMalhotrascametoIndia,thepollutionhorrifiedthem.“Thatwaswhenwedecidedtodosomethingtoreclaim(开垦)theforestsinIndia，”saysAnil.“Wewerenotlookingformoney.Earlyon,werealizedthatshortageoffreshwaterwillbeaconcernforIndiaandtherestoftheworld.Acquisition,protectionandreclamationofforestedlandsandwildlifehabitat,wherevitalwatersourceshavetheirorigin,istheonlywaytosaveourselves，”explainsAnil.TheysoldpropertytheyownedinAmerica,boughtthefirst55acresandbegantogrowaforest.Soon,theyboughtthelandnearbyaswell.“Manyofthefarmersconsideredtheirholdings‘wasteland’asverylittlegrewonitandwerehappytogetmoney，”saysAnil.Huntingandpoaching(偷猎)wasachallengeandoftenthelocalsdidnotunderstandwhatthiscouplewasdoing,soitrequiredalotoftalkingtocreateawareness.Theyworkedwiththeforestdepartmenttosetupcameratrapsandkeeppoachersaway.“TherearetimesIhavefoughtwithpoachers，”saysPamela.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一对美国夫妇在印度买下三百英亩的废弃土地，植树造林，造福后代。4．WhydidtheMalhotrasbuythewastelandinIndia?A．Tobuildaprivatezoo.B．Topreservetheenvironment.C．Todevelopthelocalagriculture.D．Toprotectrarebirdsandanimals.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“buyingabandonedagriculturallandandreforestingit...birdsandothercreatures”和第三段中的“thepollutionhorrifiedthem”可以推知，Malhotra夫妇买下农民废弃的土地是为了解决当地的污染问题，保护环境。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Theland.　　　　　　B．Thecoffee.C．Therestaurant.D．Thescenein1991.解析：选A　代词指代题。根据第二段中的“itwasawasteland.Theownerwantedtosell”可知，这样的土地正是Malhotra夫妇一直在寻找的。6．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheMalhotras?A．TheyhadatoughlifeinAmerica.B．Theylivedinharmonywithnature.C．TheymadealotofmoneyinIndia.D．Theyfoundimportantwatersources.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They'vespottedmorethan300kindsofbirds...wasnotthescenein1991”可知，经过Malhotra夫妇的努力，他们买下的废弃土地已经发生了很大变化，吸引了许多鸟类和珍稀动物。由此可见，他们与大自然和谐相处。7．WhatmighttheMalhotrasthinkofthelocalfarmers?A．Theyaregreedyforprofits.B．Theyarereadytohelpothers.C．Theylackenvironmentalawareness.D．Theyhavenoknowledgeofagriculture.解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Huntingandpoaching(偷猎)wasachallenge...talkingtocreateawareness.”可以推知，Malhotra夫妇认为当地农民缺乏环保意识。CKatherineSchreiberandLeslieSimareexpertsonexerciseaddictionwhobelievethattechadvancesencourageobsessive(强迫性的)goalmonitoring.SchreiberandSimdislikewearabletech.Wearabletechisatermthatdescribesclothingandaccessories(配件)withelectroniccomputer­basedfunctions.SchreiberandSimwereparticularlycriticalofwatchesandtrackersthatpresentwearerswithinstantlyupdatedfitnessrecords.Manyofthesedeviceseithergiveyougoalsoraskyoutosetyourown.Reachthegoal,andthedeviceemitsabeep(发出嘟嘟声).I'vewatchedfriendsandfamilymembersrespondtothatbeep,andit'shardnottothinkofPavlov'sdog—withPavlov'sdog,associatingthesoundofabellwiththesmelloffoodcausedthedogtodrool(流口水)whenthebellrang.SchreiberandSimbothrecognizedthatsmartwatchesandfitnesstrackershaveprobablyencouragedpeoplewhoaren'tveryactivetoexercisemoreconsistently.Butasexpertsinaddiction,theywereconvincedthedeviceswerealsoquitedangerous.Schreiberexplainedthat“focusingonnumbersdivorcesyoufrombeingintunewithyourbody.Exercisingbecomesmindless,whichis‘thegoal’ofaddiction.”Numberspavetheroadtoobsession.“Whenitcomestoexercise,everythingcanbemeasured，”Simsays.“Howmanycaloriesyouburn;howmanylapsyourun;howfastyougo.Andifyouwent,say,twomilesyesterday,youdon'twanttogolessthanthattoday.Itbecomesfairlycompulsive.”ManyofSim'spatientsexperiencethisconstantneedtocheckin.Aten­year­oldboywhovisitedherclinicinMinneapoliswasknownforbeingafastrunner,andhewasveryproudofhisspeed.Hisbiggestconcernwasthathemightslowdown,soheconstantlycheckedhisspeedbymovingallthetime.“Hewoulddrivehisparentscrazy.WhentheyvisitedMinneapolisfortheirevaluation,hekepttheentirehotelawakeatnight.Theyweregettingcomplaintsbecausehewasrunningaroundhisroom.”Mostpeoplebecomeobsessivewhenthey'refocusingonnumbers.Evenifyou'retired,andfeelyouneedtorest,you'llcontinuewalkingorrunningtillyoureachyourarbitrarynumericalgoal.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。专家指出，使用健身追踪器容易导致运动成瘾症。)8．WhatisSchreiberandSim'sattitudetowardswearablefitnesstrackers?A．Disapproving.B．Favorable.C．Doubtful.D．Curious.解析：选A　观点态度题。由第一段末的“SchreiberandSimdislikewearabletech.”及第二段中的“SchreiberandSimwereparticularlycriticalofwatchesandtrackersthatpresentwearerswithinstantlyupdatedfitnessrecords.”可知，这两位专家反对使用可穿戴式健身追踪器。9．WhichkindofpeopleactlikePavlov'sdog?A．Thosewhohavepetdogs.B．Thosewhodoexerciseregularly.C．Thosewhopursuetheirgoalsinlife.D．Thosewhousewearablefitnessdevices.解析：选D　推理判断题。由第二段中的最后两句话可知，那些使用可穿戴式健身追踪器的人在听到达到目标后设备发出的嘟嘟声时的反应让人想起苏联生理学家和实验心理学家巴甫洛夫的狗。这只狗经训练后一听到铃声就以为美食到了，因此会流口水。据此推断，那些使用可穿戴式健身追踪器的人的行为就像巴甫洛夫的狗。10．Whatistheresultoffocusingonnumberswhileexercisingaccordingtoexperts?A．Itdecreasesthefunofdoingexercise.B．Itgetspeopletobecomeabsent­minded.C．Itcausespeopletoloseinterestinexercising.D．Itmakespeopleignoretheirphysicalcondition.解析：选D　推理判断题。由第三段中的“focusingonnumbersdivorcesyoufrombeingintunewithyourbody”及最后一段可知，运动时过于关注相关数据会导致人们忽视自己身体的实际情况，盲目运动。11．Howdidtheten­year­oldboydrivehisparentsmad?A．Hewasaddictedtorunning.B．Hecouldn'trunfastenough.C．Hekeptcomplainingaboutthem.D．Hepaidlittleattentiontohisstudies.解析：选A　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Hisbiggestconcern...movingallthetime.”及“hekepttheentirehotelawake...runningaroundhisroom”可知，这个男孩跑步成瘾导致他的父母抓狂。DIfyou'relookingforanexcusetotakeasmalldigitalbreak,scienceisheretoofferyouaprettygoodone:Yourdevicesmaybechangingthewayyouthink,accordingtoanewstudy.ResearchersfromDartmouthCollegefoundthatpeoplewhousedeviceslikesmartphonesforreadingpurposesmayfocusmoreondetailsratherthanthebiggerpicture.Thefindingssuggesttoomuchtechusemaybeinfluencingabstractthinking.Thestudyauthorsincludedmorethan300participantsfromages20to24.TheparticipantsfilledoutaBehaviorIdentificationForm,whichmeasuresaperson'smethodofthinkingwhenitcomestodescribingbasic,everydaybehaviors,studyauthorGeoffKaufmansaid.Subjectswereeither“concretethinkers”or“abstractthinkers”．Inthetest,theresearchersaskedtheparticipantstoreadashortstoryoneitheraphysicalprintoutoronalaptop,thengavethemaquizwithbothconcreteandabstractquestions.Printreadersgot66percentoftheabstractquestionscorrectonaverage,whilethedigitalreadersonlyanswered48percentofthemaccurately.Forconcretequestions,digitalreadersgot73percentcorrectwhileprintreadersgot58percentcorrect.Thefindingsareeye­opening.Digitaldevicesmaybetransformingourintellectandhowweprocessinformation,warnedtheresearchers,addingthatreducedabstractthinking,inparticular,couldhavelastingpsychologicaleffects.“Abstractthinkingisn'tjustaboutbigpictureideas:Weneedittounderstandwhywearedoingthings，”studyauthorMaryFlanagansaid.Abstractthinkingisalsotiedtocreativity,Kaufmansaid.Butthatdoesn'tnecessarilymeanconcretethinking,thetypeencouragedbydevices,isnotasgood:Bothwaysofencodinginformationareneededforbestcognitive(认知的)performance.Ifanything,thefindingsareanotherimportanthighlightontheneedformindfultechuse.Digitaldevicesdon'tjustaffectwaysofthinking:Previousresearchalsosuggeststhattoomuchtechcanimpairmemory,messwithsleepandmayevencontributetoweightgain.Readytopulltheplugforalittlewhile?Yeah,weare,too.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。一项新的研究发现电子书可能会影响读者的抽象思维能力。12．WhydidtheresearchersasktheparticipantstofilloutaBehaviorIdentificationForm?A．Tofindouttheirreadinghabits.B．Toknowaboutthewaytheythink.C．Tocollecttheirpersonalinformation.D．Tomakesurethattheywerequalified.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“TheparticipantsfilledoutaBehaviorIdentificationForm,whichmeasuresaperson'smethodofthinking”可知，研究人员之所以让参与者填写表格，其主要目的是了解他们的思维方式。13．Thefindingsaremademorebelievableby________.A．givingexamplesB．analyzingcausesC．providingstatisticsD．describingprocesses解析：选C　写作手法题。第四段中给出了具体的研究数据，从而使研究人员的发现更具有说服力。14．Whatcanbelearnedfromthenewstudy?A．Digitalreaderspreferpicturebooks.B．Printreadersarebetteratabstractthinking.C．Paperreadingisbetterthanscreenreading.D．Screenreadingisgettingmoreandmorepopular.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thefindingssuggesttoomuchtechusemaybeinfluencingabstractthinking.”和第四段中的研究数据可知电子书的读者更擅长对细节的了解，而纸质书的读者更擅长对抽象内容的理解。15．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowtheimportanceofthinking.B．Tointroducedifferentmethodsofthinking.C．Toadvisereaderstohavearestfromthedigitalworld.D．Toinformreadersabouttheadvantagesofdigitaldevices.解析：选C　写作目的题。结合第一段中的“Ifyou'relookingforanexcusetotakeasmalldigitalbreak,scienceisheretoofferyouaprettygoodone”和最后一段内容可知，作者写作本文的目的是建议人们不要沉迷于电子书，以免影响他们的抽象思维能力。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Myauntgotsickafterheronlysondied.Shewasbeginningtoforgetthings.Simpletasksbecameachallengeforher.__16__Thenshewentthroughchemotherapy(化疗)andradiation.Althoughshecouldstillwalkandtalk,sheforgotalotofthingsthathappenedinthepastandevenconversationsthathadtakenplaceafewdaysbefore.Mygrandmotherbecamemyaunt'scaretaker.Afterschool,Iwouldgotomygrandmother'shomeuntilmymomgotoffwork.__17__Istartedoutpreparingmealsandtalkingtomyaunttokeephercompany.Asmyaunt'ssymptomsdevelopedshecouldnotstandforalongperiodsowebeganassistingherasshewalked.__18__Thiswasthehardestpartforme.ButIdidittohelpmygrandmother.AfterawhileIbeganadministeringmedicineandmassaging(按摩)myaunt'slegstohelpwiththecirculation.__19__Ididn'tthinkIhadthecouragetohelpsomeonewhowassickorwhocouldnotlookafterthemselves.ButafterassistingmyauntIbegantocaremoreabouttheneedsofothers.Seeingsomeonesostrongandpassionate(热情的)forlifefallsicktothepointwheresheneededassistanceforthingsmostpeopletakeforgrantedwasahugeeyeopener.__20__Thisexperiencenotonlychangedmyviewonlifeandmyselfishways,butalsoinspiredmetoconsiderbecomingaphysician'sassistant,oranothercareerwhereIcanhelpothers.A．NextIwasaskedtohelpgiveherbaths.B．Myheartbecamesoftfortheneedsofothers.C．Shehadbeencancer­freeforaboutfouryears.D．Aftersometests,weweretoldthatshehadbraincancer.E．Irealizedthatweallneedhelpinlife,whetherphysicalormental.F．ThisexperiencenotonlychangedhowIviewedoldpeoplebutalsothesick.G．Duringthistimemygrandmotherstartedaskingmetohelpherwithmyaunt.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。通过照顾得癌症的姑姑，“我”不仅改变了原先对老人和病人的看法，而且认识到人都会有需要帮助的时候，无论是身体上还是精神上。16．选D　结合第一段中的“forgetthings”和“Simpletasksbecameachallengeforher.”以及本空后面的“然后她接受化疗和放疗”可知，D项“经过几次检查，我们被告知她得了脑癌”符合语境。三者之间是顺承关系。17．选G　根据本空前面的“Afterschool,Iwouldgotomygrandmother'shomeuntilmymomgotoffwork.”可锁定G项中的“Duringthistime”，本空后面的“我开始帮忙做饭和陪姑姑聊天”是对G项“在这段时间里，奶奶开始让我帮她照顾姑姑”的补充说明。18．选A　联系本空前面的“As...webeganassisting...”和本空后面的“AfterawhileIbegan...”可锁定A项中的“Next”，空处与前后句为时间上的顺承关系，故A项“接着我被要求帮忙给她洗澡”符合此处语境。本空后的This即指代帮姑姑洗澡。19．选F　根据本空后面的“someonewhowassickorwhocouldnotlookafterthemselves”可锁定F项中的“oldpeople”和“thesick”，“过去我认为自己没勇气帮助病人或不能自理的人”是对前面“这一经历改变了我对老人和病人的看法”的补充说明。20．选E　根据本空前面的“ahugeeyeopener”可锁定E项中的“Irealized”，“看到曾经强壮的、对生活充满热情的人病倒并需要帮助的时候，我有了新的认识。我意识到我们所有人在生活中都会需要帮助，无论是身体上还是精神上”。[读写一体超值训练]读后语基练习——复现考纲词汇，增分书面表达　一、语篇复现词汇——让你用对写美1．Wespottedthemwaving(wave)tousatadistanceoftwohundredyards.2．HecametoChinainordertolearnChineseagricultural(agriculture)skills.3．AsfarasIam_concerned(concern),Iamstronglyagainstit.4．Wastewaterfromthefactoryisthemaincauseofthepollution(pollute)．5．ItisoriginallythoughttobeaplantofAfrica,butnooneknowsexactlytheoriginofthisplant,becausewedon'thaveanyoriginalmaterialaboutit.(origin)6．Itis_required(require)thatthestudents(should)learnaforeignlanguageandtheITcourse.7．MydeskmateadmiresmyfluentEnglishverymuchandIusuallyfeelencouraged(encourage)byhiscompliments.8．Comparedtothetraditionalones,theyhavethreenewuniquefunctions(function)．9．Peopleknowthatsomeanimals,particularly(particular)birds,canbetrainedtocarrymessagesforthem.10．Iwouldn'twanttobeassociatedwiththeillegalassociation.(associate)二、语篇复现短语——让你用活写靓A．英汉互译1．beconvincedof　　　　确信2．respondto回应，回复3．keepaway远离4．therestof其他的5．besureto一定……6．想起；回想think_of7．甚至；即使；尽管even_if/though8．要么……要么……either_..._or_...9．建立；成立set_up10．遥远的far_awayB．运用上述短语完成句子1．Youcanalsorevisetheknowledgeatthesametimeandyouare_sure_tobenefitfromit.2．Nomatterhowfar_awayyouare,youarealwaysinourmind.3．Shestudiessohardthatsheisalwayswellaheadofthe_rest_oftheclass.4．Myparentshaveset_upasmallrestaurantinourvillage,whereyoucantastealotoffood.5．Nobodycanentirelykeep_awayfromthiscompetitiveworld.6．Peoplecaneithergivethemasgiftstofriendsorhangthemintheirhouses.7．Don'trespond_toanye­mailsrequestingpersonalinformation,nomatterhowofficialtheylook.8．WhenIseethebook,Ioftenthink_ofmyEnglishteacher.9．Deanstillrefusedtojoininthegame,even_if/thoughwealldidourbesttopersuadehim.10．Fromthisstory,Iam_convinced_ofthesignificanceofhonesty,whichwillcontributetobuildingawarmandharmonioussociety.三、语篇择句仿写——让你译准写高1．Aten­year­oldboywhovisitedherclinicinMinneapoliswasknownforbeingafastrunner,andhewasveryproudofhisspeed.[句式分析]　关系代词who引导定语从句，修饰先行词“Aten­year­oldboy”；and连接两个并列分句。[自主翻译]　一个拜访明尼阿波利诊所的10岁小男孩是出了名的跑得快的孩子，他对于自己的速度很自豪。[佳句仿写]　教我们英语的王老师是出了名的美女，成了所有女老师羡慕的对象。MissWang,who_teaches_us_English,_isknownforherbeauty,and_she_is_the_envy_of_all_the_women_teachers.2．TheparticipantsfilledoutaBehaviorIdentificationForm,whichmeasuresaperson'smethodofthinkingwhenitcomestodescribingbasic,everydaybehaviors,studyauthorGeoffKaufimansaid.[句式分析]　关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词aBehaviorIdentificationForm;when在句中引导时间状语从句；句型whenitcomesto意为“当涉及……；当谈到……”。[自主翻译]　研究的作者Geoff_Kaufiman说，当涉及描述基本的日常行为时，参与者填写了一个行为认定表格，(用)这个表格来测量一个人的思考方法。[佳句仿写]　当谈到学生上网时，有些人认为学生可以从中获益。When_it_comes_tostudents'surfingtheInternet,somepeoplethinkstudentscanbenefitfromit.阅读理解板块限时练(四)(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AHousekeepingServices—Theyarelookingforaresponsible,professional,detail­oriented,experiencedhousekeepertotakecareofallcleaningdetailsofalocalbusinessinAngwin.Thispersonwillbeneededapproximately2－3timesperweekforabout8hoursperday.Pleaseemailthemforadditionalinformationandbereadytoprovideresumeandworkhistory.Driver'slicenserequiredandtheabilitytoliftatleast50pounds.PaywillbeD|S20－D|S25perhour.Tocontactthem,emailrecruitingangwin@gmail.com.CaregiverPosition—Lookingforacaregivertohelpwitha91­year­oldwomanwholivesinCalistoga.ShespeaksbothEnglishandSpanish,butSpanishisherpreference.Shesleepsquiteabitduringthedaysothereistimetodohomework.Shecannotbeleftalonebecausesheisafallrisk.Shewalkswithawalkeronherown.Pleasecall925­785­8500ifinterested.WorshipMusicLeader—FirstPresbyterianChurch(FPC)inNapaislookingforsomeonewhowillselectsongsandusemediaforchurchservicesonSundays.Applicantsmustbeabletocommit8－10hoursperweekforserviceandmeetingsaswellasbeingavailableeverySundayfrom9：00amto12：00pm.ThepayisaboutD|S18anhour.DetailedjobinformationwillbepostedonthePayrollOffice'swindow.Ifinterested,sendyourcoverletterandresumetoDavidStokeratdavid@fpcnapa.org.CateringCompany—OakAvenueisapremiercateringcompanyinSt.Helenasearchingforpassionatepeopletojointheirtalentedteamofchefsandserviceprofessionals.Hoursareflexibleandcanworkaroundstudents'schedules.Part­timepositionsavailableforaspiring(有抱负的)chefs,bakers,servicehelpers,andcaptains.PleasesendabriefcoverletterandresumetoMaritza@oakavenuecatering.comorcall707­963­9278formoreinformation.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个兼职工作。1．Toworkasahousekeeper,oneneedsto________.A．bequalifiedtodriveB．bealocalinAngwinC．workabout8hoursperweekD．beabletospeaktwolanguages解析：选A　细节理解题。由HousekeepingServices部分中的“Driver'slicenserequired”可知，该工作要求申请者具有驾驶员资质。2．Whatdoweknowaboutthecaregiverposition?A．TheapplicanthadbetterspeakSpanish.B．TheapplicantmustspeakEnglishverywell.C．Theapplicantcannotdohomeworkwhileonduty.D．Theapplicantcanleavethewomanaloneoccasionally.解析：选A　细节理解题。由CaregiverPosition部分中的“ShespeaksbothEnglishandSpanish,butSpanishisherpreference.”可知，申请者最好会说西班牙语。3．Ifyouwanttobecomeagreatbaker,whichnumberoremailaddressshouldyoucontact?A．925­785­8500.B．707­963­9278.C．david@fpcnapa.org.D．recruitingangwin@gmail.com.解析：选B　细节理解题。由CateringCompany部分中的“Part­timepositionsavailableforaspiring(有抱负的)chefs,bakers...”及“call707­963­9278”可知答案选B。B“Sorry,Ican'tdothat.I'mtoobusy.”“SorryI'mbookedtillnextweek.Twoweeks,actually.”Iusedtosaythesethingswithpride.Iworemybusynessasabadge(标志)ofpride.Mybookedscheduleprovedmyvalue,myworth.Butattheendoftheday,Iwasn'thappy.SoIgotbusier.Untiltheuniverseknockedmedown.Ibrokemyheeltwiceinoneyear.Hardtobebusywhenyoucan'twalkwithoutassistance.Idon'tknowifyou'veeverhadthepleasureofbeingoncrutches(拐杖)forfourandahalfmonths,buteverythingtakestwiceaslong—orsoitseems.Istilltriedtobebusy.Iwasn'tabouttoletcrutchesslowmedown.Afterthefirsttwoandahalfmonthsoncrutches,Ihadn'thealed—atall.Thefracture(骨折)lookedworse,notbetter.AgoodfriendofminecriticizedmeforbeingsobusythatIwasgettinginmyownwayofhealing.“Doyouwanttohealornot？”sheaskedme.“OfcourseIwanttoheal，”Ireplied.Shearchedhereyebrows.“Really？”Shehadapoint.SoIcutbackonmybusynessandIfinallyhealed.ButIdidn'tlearnmylesson.AssoonasIgotclearancefrommydoctor,Igotbusyagain.Sixmonthslater,Iwasstillexperiencingsomeheelpain,andwasexhausted.ThenJulyhappened.Deathinthefamily.Someexpectedandunexpectedtravelandmybusynessbegantotakeadifferentform.Insteadofworkbusyness,itwaspersonalbusyness.AndIrealizedsomething.WhenIhadtopullbackfromwork,theworlddidn'tend.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Idon'twanttolookatmycalendarandseeitcompletelybooked.Iwanttokeepsomeofthattimeforme,torest,recharge,andenjoymylife.Iwastalkingtoafriendyesterdaycomplainingaboutanupcoming13­hourdayfilledwithmeetings.Herresponse?“That'satypicaldayforme.”IlookedatherandIwantedtosay,“I'msorry.That'sawful.”ButthenIrealizedthatshe—muchlikeme—woreherbusynessasabadgeofpride.Anapologywasn'tnecessary.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者曾经工作繁忙，且以此为荣，但生活慢慢改变了她的看法。4．Howdidtheauthorreacttobeingoncrutchesatfirst?A．Shefeltveryupset.B．Shehadtoslowdown.C．Sheenjoyedtherelaxation.D．Shetriedtokeepherselfbusy.解析：选D　细节理解题。由第五段中的“Istilltriedtobebusy.Iwasn'tabouttoletcrutchesslowmedown.”可知，作者受伤后依旧尽力保持繁忙的状态。5．Whydidtheauthor'sfriendcriticizeher?A．Shemadesomepointlessremarks.B．Sheignoredherfriendsforalongtime.C．Shedidn'timproveherworkperformance.D．Shedidn'tpayenoughattentiontoherinjury.解析：选D　推理判断题。由第六段开头的“AgoodfriendofminecriticizedmeforbeingsobusythatIwasgettinginmyownwayofhealing.”及下文朋友的问话可推断，朋友批评作者是因为她觉得作者没有足够重视自己的脚伤，导致病情迟迟未能好转。6．WhatdidtheauthorrealizeinJuly?A．Sheshouldtrytobeirreplaceable.B．Thereisnosuchthingaswork­lifebalance.C．Sheneedn'tkeepherselfoccupiedwithwork.D．Workinghardforthingsweloveiscalledpassion.解析：选C　细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知，由于七月份作者家事较多，她不得不暂停工作，但工作本身并未因她而受到影响。这使她意识到她不必始终忙于工作，并开始想要留些时间享受生活。7．Whydidn'ttheauthorsaysorrytoherfriendaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Sheknewitwasnotherfault.B．Sheadmiredherfriendforhersuccess.C．Shewastiredofherfriend'scomplaints.D．Sherealizedherfrienddidn'tneedcomfort.解析：选D　推理判断题。由文章末的“ButthenIrealizedthatshe—muchlikeme—woreherbusynessasabadgeofpride.Anapologywasn'tnecessary.”可推断，作者本想安慰忙碌的朋友，但她突然意识到朋友就像曾经的自己一样以繁忙为荣，因此安慰是没有必要的。CTheOuchPodcast(播客)talksaboutnewsandissuesaffectingthosewithadisability,allwithahumoroustouchaddedtothemix.I'vebeenlisteningtoitonandoffforafewmonthsandtheirrecenttopicwasaboutpublictransport.Theysharedsomestoriesaboutrudenessandothersaboutfunnycircumstances.Whiletheyweretalkingabouttheirlocaltransportsystemtheopinionsandstoriestheysharedarecommontoallofus.Thoseofyouthathaveadisability,andthoseofyouwhotravelwithpeoplewhodoareawareoftheproblemsthatcanarise.Manyofthebusesinmylocalareaaretheaccessiblekind.Butsomearetheoldkindwithsteps.Ifyouhavemobilityissuesitcanbeagreatchallengeeachtimeyoudecidetocatchthebus.Hopefullytheoldbuseswillbephased_outovertime.Duringthepodcastoneofthehosts,Kathleen,talksabouttheissuesthataffecther.Icanempathize(产生共鸣)withherandherexperiences.I'msuremanyofyouwillbeableto.Howoftendoyouboardabusoratrainandfindtherearen'tanyseatsavailable?Irarelyexperiencethisonthebusbutit'scommononthetrain.LikeKathleenI'dprefertostandthandrawattentiontomyselfandtrytoexplaintosomeonewhyIneedaseat.There'snoguaranteethey'dmoveanyway.ThisismychoicehoweversoIcan'tblameothers.Myissuecomesfromthewhiteknightbehaviouroftheotherpassengers.Howmanyofyouhavereceivedlooksofdisapprovalwhenyou'reseatedbutthereareothersstandingwholookliketheyneedaseat?WhenI'msittingdownIlookjustascapableaseveryoneelse,whichleadstorequestsanddemandstogiveupmyseat.It'sonlywhenIstandupandtheyseemewalkandwatchmetrytomaintainbalancethattheyrealiseI'mnot.Don'tforgettocheckouttheOuchPodcast.I'msurethey'llhavesomethingyoucanrelateto.YoucanlistentothemataudioBoomorontheBBCwebsite.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个关于残疾人的播客。)8．WhatisspecialabouttheOuchPodcast?A．It'squitepractical.B．It'sprettyinspiring.C．It'saboutthelatestnews.D．It'saboutdisabledpeople.解析：选D　细节理解题。由文章开头的“TheOuchPodcast(播客)talksaboutnewsandissuesaffectingthosewithadisability”可知，该播客的特别之处在于它谈论的话题与残疾人有关。9．Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“phasedout”inParagraph3?A．Shownoff.　　　　　B．Stoppedusing.C．Madefulluseof.D．Introducedgradually.解析：选B　词义猜测题。由上文的“Butsomearetheoldkindwithsteps.Ifyouhavemobilityissuesitcanbeagreatchallengeeachtimeyoudecidetocatchthebus.”可推断，作者希望旧式的不人性化的公交车会逐渐被淘汰。故B项符合语境。10．Whydoestheauthorprefertostandinsteadofaskingforhelpwhileonatrain?A．Tokeepfit.B．Becauseheisshy.C．Toavoidembarrassment.D．Becauseheisconsiderate.解析：选C　推理判断题。由第五段中的“I'dprefertostandthandrawattentiontomyselfandtrytoexplaintosomeonewhyIneedaseat.There'snoguaranteethey'dmoveanyway.”可推断，作者乘坐火车时不请人让座是为了避免向他人解释自己的身体情况可能被拒绝的尴尬。11．WhatbotherstheauthoraccordingtoParagraph6?A．Receivinglooksofsympathy.B．Lookingdisabledwhilestanding.C．Havingtroublekeepinghisbalance.D．Beingaskedtogivehisseattoothers.解析：选D　细节理解题。由第六段中的“WhenI'msittingdownIlookjustascapableaseveryoneelse,whichleadstorequestsanddemandstogiveupmyseat.”可知，令作者烦恼的是其他乘客会误以为他是身体健全的人而要求他让座。DSometimes,youjustcan'thelpit.Maybeyou'rewatchingasadmovie,orthinkingaboutthefriendwhomovedaway.Nextthingyouknow,youfeelpressureinyourthroat,youreyesarewatering,andyouhavetearsrunningdownyourcheeks.Whydopeoplecrywhentheyareemotional?Whataretears?Scientistsareworkinghardtofindtheanswerstothesequestions.AdVingerhoetsisaprofessorofpsychologyatTilburgUniversity,intheNetherlands.Heisoneofthefewscientistsintheworldwhohasstudiedcrying.AccordingtoVingerhoets,therearethreetypesoftears.Basal(基础的)tearsarethefirsttype.Theyactasaprotectivebarrierbetweentheeyeandtherestoftheworld.Nextarereflex(反射作用的)tears.Theywashyoureyescleanwhensomethinggetsinthem.Finally,thereareemotionaltears.“Thesearereleasedinresponsetoemotionalstates，”explainsVingerhoets.“Especiallywhenwefeelhelplessness.”Scientistsbelievethatcryinghassomethingtodowithhowhumansdevelopedandlearnedtodependoneachother.“Humansareverycomplexsocialcreatures，”saysLaurenBylsma,aprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh,inPennsylvania.“Itseemsthattearsservetodrawhelpandsupportfromothers.”Shesaysanotherreasonweweepisthathumanshavethelongestdevelopmentalperiodofalmostanyanimal.Ittakesalongtimetogrowup.Vingerhoetsagrees.“Ithinkthatthereasonhumanscryemotionaltearshastodowithourprolonged(延长的)childhood，”hesays.“That'sthetimewhenwearestilldependentonadultsforloveandprotectionandcare.Themajoradvantageoftearsisthatyoucantargetthemataspecificperson.”Vingerhoetssaysthisabilitytotargetsomeonecouldhavecomeinhandyinprehistorictimes,whenhumanswerelivingamongdangerousanimals.Loudcryingcouldattractpredators(捕食者).Tearswereasaferwaytogetattention.“Inthiscase,itisbettertouseasilentsignaltoaskforhelp，”hesays.VingerhoetsandBylsmadofrequentstudiestobetterunderstandwhyhumanscry.AccordingtoBylsma,thereisstillmuchmoretodiscover.“It'ssurprising，”shesays,“howmuchwestilldon'tknow.”eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了人类为什么会因情绪而流泪。)12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A．Weepingtears.B．Missingafriend.C．Watchingmovies.D．Escapingpressure.解析：选A　代词指代题。第一段描述了人们受情绪影响而流眼泪的过程。画线词指代段末的“havetearsrunningdownyourcheeks”，即流眼泪。13．Whatisthefunctionofbasaltears?A．Tocleantheeye.B．Todrawsupport.C．Toshowsadness.D．Toprotecttheeye.解析：选D　细节理解题。由第四段中的“Basal(基础的)tearsarethefirsttype.Theyactasaprotectivebarrierbetweentheeyeandtherestoftheworld.”可知，这种眼泪的主要作用是保护眼睛。14．Whatarehumans'emotionaltearsrelatedtoaccordingtoVingerhoets?A．Humans'rapidgrowth.B．Humans'longchildhood.C．Humans'developedmind.D．Humans'closerelationship.解析：选B　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“thereasonhumanscryemotionaltearshastodowithourprolonged(延长的)childhood”可知，该科学家认为，人类会流情绪化的眼泪与人类漫长的童年时期有关。在孩童时代，孩子们渐渐学会利用眼泪博取成年人的同情进而获得关爱和帮助。15．Inprehistorictimes,humansweremorelikelyto________.A．cryaloneB．cryloudlyC．crysilentlyD．crytogether解析：选C　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“inprehistorictimes...Loudcryingcouldattractpredators(捕食者).Tearswereasaferwaytogetattention...itisbettertouseasilentsignaltoaskforhelp”可推断，在史前时代，人类为了避免招来捕食的动物，不敢大声哭，而是默默流泪，从而引起他人的关注并获得帮助。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Can'tdoapull­up?It'seasy!Pull­upsseemlikeabasicmovement,yetforsome,liftingthechin(下巴)aboveabarevenonceseemsimpossible.Whatgives?__16__However,themovementismuchmorecomplicated.Whenyou'reliftingyourwholebodyup,you'llalsoneedstronghips(臀部)andmore.Doasthefollowingsteps,andyoushouldbeabletofinishapull­upinlessthan12weeks：StrengthenyourhipsMostpeoplearesortoflackingactivationintheirhipsfromsittingallday,somostpeoplehavetostartwiththis.__17__Pushthroughyourfeettoliftyourhipsintheair,creatingastraightlinefromyourkneestoyourshoulders.Holdforfiveseconds,andthenloweryourselfbackdown.Repeatitninetimes.Getstrongarms__18__Youcandohammercurls(哑铃锤式弯举).Dothreesetsof12atthebeginning.Whenyoucandosixsetseachtime,holdyourdumbbell(哑铃)aboveyourheadandthenlowerdowntheweightbehindyourhead,keepingyourelbowsclosetoyourears.__19__LearnhowtohangAssistedpull­upscanhelpwithyourform,butyouneedtostartwithbuildingenoughstrengthtograspthebarandhang.__20__Andthenlonger.Onceyoucanstaytherefor30seconds,tryholdingyourselfabovethebar.Stepupfromaboxorjumpupsoyourchinisabovethebar,andthenstaythereforaslongasyoucan.Onceyou'vebuiltthestrengthtostaytherefor30seconds,you'rereadytotryaperfectpull­up.A．Tryhangingonabarforjusttenseconds.B．Everyotherday,exerciseyourarmmuscles.C．Again,startwiththreesetsof12andworkyourwayup.D．Workingonyourhipmuscleswillkeepyoufromfailing.E．Badformwillmakeitevenhardertoworkagainstgravity.F．Lieonyourbackwithyourlegsbentandfeetflatontheground.G．Youmightassumestrongarmsareallittakestocompleteapull­up.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学做引体向上的方法。)16．选G　G项与下文的“themovementismuchmorecomplicated...hips(臀部)andmore”之间是转折关系。17．选F　F项与下文的“Pushthroughyourfeet...loweryourselfbackdown.”按步骤介绍了锻炼臀部力量的方法。18．选B　B项中的“exerciseyourarmmuscles”与本段小标题Getstrongarms相呼应，且下文介绍了锻炼手臂肌肉的方法。19．选C　C项与上文的“Dothreesetsof12atthebeginning.”相呼应。20．选A　A项与上文的“graspthebarandhang”及下文的“Andthenlonger.Onceyoucanstaytherefor30seconds”为时间上的顺承关系。[读写一体超值训练]读后语基练习——复现考纲词汇，增分书面表达　一、语篇复现词汇——让你用对写美1．We'llberesponsibleforyoursafetyandyouneedtotakeresponsibilityforyouractions.(responsible)2．Additionally(additional),Iowemanythankstomyteacherandjudges,withoutwhosehelp,Icouldn'thavedonesuchanexcellentjob.3．Manyelderlypeopleexpressedastrongpreference(prefer)toliveintheirownhomes.4．Whileenjoyingthemeal,sometalented(talent)studentsgaveawonderfulfolkdanceperformance,makingtheelderlyveryhappy.5．Sheis_scheduled(schedule)togiveaspeechtonight,wishingallofustoattendit.6．Tomhadadeepaffectionforhisgrandfather,sohewasdeeplyaffectedbyhisgrandfather'sdeath.(affect)7．ThenewplanetdiscoveredrecentlyisalmostthreetimesaslargeasEarth,andhopefully(hopeful)itcansupporthumanlife.8．ThoughJackwaslacking(lack)inexperience,hemadeupforitinenthusiasm.9．Withthedevelopment(develop)ofindustryandagriculture,carsmademuchnoiseandgaveoffpoisonousgases.10．Ontheotherhand,individualsshoulddeveloptheawarenessofenvironmentprotection(protect)．二、语篇复现短语——让你用活写靓A．英汉互译1．takecareof　　　　　　　　关心；照顾2．bereadyto乐意……，愿意……3．assoonas一……就4．insteadof代替；而不是5．leadto导致6．不管；不理；让……单独待着leave_..._alone7．第一次for_the_first_time8．每次each_time9．放弃give_up10．撞倒knock_downB．运用上述短语完成句子1．Withanimportantmeetingtoattend,Ican'ttake_care_ofmysickmotherathome.2．I'meagertotakepartinsuchameaningfulactivity,forIamfondofreadingallkindsofbooksandready_tosharemybookswithothers.3．Hewillleave_alonethingsthatmightcausetrouble,andhewouldsay,“letsleepingdogsalone.”4．Iwaswaitingforthegreenlightatacrossingwhenagirlofabouttenwas_knocked_downbyapassingcar.5．As_soon_ashesawhisgirlfriend,Helen,Jackmadehiswaythroughthecrowdtogreether.6．Weshouldberealisticinstead_ofoverambitiousnomatterwhatwedo.7．Thetwosidesdidnotagreeonthesubjectfor_the_first_time,_sotodaytheywillsitdownoncemoretohaveadiscussion.8．Each_timeIseetheoldmaninthepark,heisabsorbedinreadingnewspapers.9．Questioningcanlead_tosearchingforananswer.10．Atthebeginning,learningEnglishseemedsodifficultthatIwantedtogive_upwithouteventrying.三、语篇择句仿写——让你译准写高1．Howmanyofyouhavereceivedlooksofdisapprovalwhenyou'reseatedbutthereareothersstandingwholookliketheyneedaseat?[句式分析]　when引导时间状语从句；在该从句中含有but连接的并列分句；现在分词standing作后置定语；关系代词who引导定语从句修饰先行词others。[自主翻译]　当你坐着，但是旁边站着的人看起来需要一个座位时，你们当中有多少人收到了指责的目光？[佳句仿写]　没有发表观点的网民占百分之十。Thenetizenswho_don't_voice_their_opinionsaccountfortenpercent.2．Scientistsbelievethatcryinghassomethingtodowithhowhumansdevelopedandlearnedtodependoneachother.[句式分析]　that在句中引导宾语从句；how引导的宾语从句作介词with的宾语；and连接两个并列谓语动词。[自主翻译]　科学家认为哭泣和人类的发展有关，和人类学习相互依靠的过程有关。[佳句仿写]　人们普遍认为足够的新鲜空气有助于身体健康。It_is_widely_believed_thatplentyoffreshaircontributestogoodhealth.阅读理解板块限时练(五)(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AInsummer,peoplearoundtheworldseekrestandrelaxationonabeach.Tomeettheneed,TripAdvisorpublishesalistoftheworld'sbestbeaches.BaiadoSancho,BrazilItswateriscalmandclear.Itssandisfineandsoft.ButgettingtoBaiadoSanchoisnotsoeasy.ItisonFernandodeNoronha,avolcanicislandmorethan300kilometersoffBrazil'scoast.TravelersmusttakeaplaneorboatfrommajorcitiesinnorthernBraziltogetthere.Gettingthereinvolveswalkingalongsteep,rockycliffsandthenclimbingdownaladder.GraceBay,TurksandCaicosWhileBaiadoSanchoisdifficulttogetto,TripAdvisor'ssecond­rankedbeachcouldnotbemucheasierfortouriststoreach.TravelerstotheislandsoftenchoosetostayatoceanfronthotelsrightnexttoGraceBay.Thisbeachhasimpossiblycleanandclearwatersandpurewhitesand.Itscalmwatersmakeitextremelysafeforswimming.EagleBeach,ArubaTogettothethird­bestbeach,headsouthtotheDutchCaribbeanislandofAruba.EagleBeachhasclear,calmwatersandsoftwhitesand.Itoffersvisitorsachancetotrydifferentwatersports.EagleBeachmaybebestknown,however,foritsdramaticsunsets.Onclearnights,theskyturnsred,orange,andpurple.PlayaParaiso,CubaTripAdvisor'sfourth­bestbeachisalsointheCaribbean.PlayaParaisoisonCayoLargo,anislandoffCuba'ssoutherncoast.Paraisohasafun,laid­backrestaurantforthosewhowishtoeatanddrink.Thereislittleelseonthebeach.Peoplecomehereforthesugar­likesandandcalmwatersfilledwithcolorfulwildlife.SiestaKey,UnitedStatesFlorida'sSiestaKeyisalow­lyingisland.ThescientistknownasDr.BeachrecentlynamedSiestaKeythebestbeachinAmerica.Itofferscalmandcleanwaters.VisitorsofallagesgotoSiestaKeywhenthetideislowtofindbeautiful,largeand,sometimes,rareseashells.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了TripAdvisor选出的几个世界上最好的海滩。)1．WhatdoBaiadoSanchoandGraceBayhaveincommon?A．Theyhaveoceanfronthotels.B．Theyarevolcanicislands.C．Theyarehardtoreach.D．TheyareinBrazil.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据BaiadoSancho,Brazil部分中的“ButgettingtoBaiadoSanchoisnotsoeasy.”及GraceBay,TurksandCaicos部分中的“WhileBaiadoSanchoisdifficulttogetto,TripAdvisor'ssecond­rankedbeachcouldnotbemucheasierfortouriststoreach.”可知选C项。2．Whichismostsuitableforsunsetwatchers?A．PlayaParaiso.　　　　B．EagleBeach.C．GraceBay.D．SiestaKey.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据EagleBeach,Aruba部分中的“EagleBeachmaybebestknown,however,foritsdramaticsunsets.”可知选B项。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Dr.BeachnamedBaiadoSanchothebestbeachintheworld.B．VisitorscanenjoydifferentsportsonParaiso'sbeach.C．VisitorscanfindrareseashellsatSiestaKey.D．CayoLargoisanislandofAruba.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据SiestaKey,UnitedStates部分中的最后一句可知选C项。BWinternightsinruralMainearemarkedbyadeepsilence.Assomeonewhogrewupinacity,IamacutelyawareofthisandsometimesfindmyselfwaitingforevidenceofcivilizationbeyondthewallsofmyhouseasIlieinbed.EverysooftenIreceiveit—thepassingrumble(隆隆声)ofthefreighttrain(货运列车)．Therailroadtrackslienot500feetfrommyfrontdoor.Idriveorwalkoverthemeveryday.Seeingthetrainbydayisalwaysatreat,buthearingitinthedeadofnightiscomforting.LongbeforeitreachesthecrossingIcansenseitsapproach.Oncepastthecrossing,thetrainclanks(发出叮当声)downthelinetowardBangorandfallssilent,andthenIgraduallyfallasleep.Therearepeoplewhowrinkletheirnosesattheideaoflivingnearafreightrailway,asifitwereunseemly.NowandthenIamaskedifthenoisebothersme.Bothers?TheonlytimeIwasbotheredwasafewmonthsagowhenthetrainstoppedrunning.Iwalkeddowntotherailsandstaredtotheleftandright,likeaparentanxiousaboutanoverduechild.Whatonearthhadbecomeofmytrain?Iaskedaroundtown,butnobodyknewwhathappened.Itookmyconsternationtobedwithmeonthatparticularlycoldnight,andIdeterminedtocalltherailwaythenextmorningtoaskaboutitswell­being.ButbeforeIcalledIheardthetraincoming.Youmightwonderhowsuchloudnoisecouldputmetosleep.Butthat'sexactlywhatitdid.Iknowthisisawildfantasy,butI'vebeentryingtofindalegalwayofgettingarideonthefreighttrain.IammindfulofsomethingthegreattravelwriterPaulTherouxsaid:“IhaveseldomheardatraingobyandnotwishedIwasonit.”eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己住在货运列车线路附近的经历。)4．WhichcanbestdescriberuralMaineonwinternights?A．Itisveryquiet.B．Itisratherbusy.C．Itisquiteexciting.D．Itisprettybeautiful.解析：选A　细节理解题。由文章开头的“WinternightsinruralMainearemarkedbyadeepsilence.”可知，缅因州的乡村地区在冬天的晚上异常安静。5．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefreighttrain?A．Tolerant.B．Favorable.C．Dissatisfied.D．Uninterested.解析：选B　观点态度题。由第二段中的“Seeingthetrainbydayisalwaysatreat,buthearingitinthedeadofnightiscomforting...fallasleep.”可知，作者白天渴望看到货运列车，在沉寂的夜晚喜欢伴着火车通过的声音入睡。据此可推断，作者喜欢从家附近通过的货运列车。6．Whywastheauthorbothered?A．Therailwayblockedhisway.B．Thetraindidn'tcomeasusual.C．Thetrainwastoonoisyatnight.D．Therailwaycouldn'tbereached.解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段中的“TheonlytimeIwasbotheredwasafewmonthsagowhenthetrainstoppedrunning.”可知，作者因几个月前火车未如期而至而烦恼。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consternation”inParagraph4mean?A．Surpriseandanxiety.B．Curiosityandinterest.C．Confidenceandrelief.D．Excitementandnervousness.解析：选A　词义猜测题。由第三段末的“Iwalkeddowntotherailsandstaredtotheleftandright,likeaparentanxiousaboutanoverduechild.”及第四段可推断，火车未如期而至令作者感到惊恐和焦虑。故选A项。CWhenIgotoanewplacethefirstthingIliketodoiswalkaroundthestreets,toexploreandgetlostinthecity.WhenIfirstarrivedinSantiago,Chile,andtookawalkaroundthecitycentre,oneofthefirstthingsInoticedwashowmanystreetdogstherewere.Oneverycornertherewasasleepingdog.Ateverytrafficlighttherewasadogwaitingtocross.Byeveryshoptherewasadogwaitingforfood.AtfirstIwasnervousasIthoughttheymightbeaggressive.However,IhavebeenhereformorethanayearnowandeverystreetdogIhaveseenhasbeenpassive,quietandfriendly.ThedogsareacceptedandwelcomedhereinChile.Ihaveneverseenastreetdogbeingmistreated.Infact,theyareoftengivenfoodandwaterbythepublic.Somepeopleevenmakejacketsforthedogsorputoutbedsordoghousesforthemtosleepin.However,thedogsdonothaveaneasylife:theyareoftenhungry,coldorinjured.Thegovernmentdoesnotprovidemuchcareforthesedogs.Somepeoplebelievethatthesituationisgettingoutofcontrolandthatitisunacceptabletohavesomanydogsonthestreets.Thedogscansometimescauseproblemssuchascaraccidentsiftheyrunintotheroad.Thereareabout2.5millionstreetdogsinChileandthedogpopulationisgrowingfasterthanthehumanpopulation.ManyChileansthinkthatallthestreetdogsshouldbesterilized(使绝育)sothattheycannotbreed.Othersthinkthatpeopleshouldreducethedogpopulationbykillingthem.Thefutureofstreetdogsisuncertainbutfornowitlooksliketheyareheretostay,withtheirpopulationexpandingyearbyyear.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者初到智利就发现那里的流浪狗很多，且其数量还在不断增加。由此引发的问题引起了人们的关注。8．Whatcaughttheauthor'sattentionafterhisarrivinginSantiago?A．Finelocalshops.B．Lotsofstreetdogs.C．Manycutepetdogs.D．Brokentrafficlights.解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段末的“oneofthefirstthingsInoticedwashowmanystreetdogstherewere”及第二段开头的“Oneverycorner...forfood.”可知，作者刚到圣地亚哥就注意到那里大量的流浪狗。9．Whywastheauthornervous?A．ManyChileanswereshort­tempered.B．Heassumedthedogswereunfriendly.C．Peoplewereoftenattackedbyanimals.D．Hewasunfamiliarwiththetrafficrules.解析：选B　细节理解题。由第二段中的“AtfirstIwasnervousasIthoughttheymightbeaggressive.”可知，作者紧张是因为他误以为那些流浪狗会攻击人，不友好。10．WhatdoweknowaboutstreetdogsinChile?A．Peoplearenicetothem.B．Manyofthemaremistreated.C．Manyofthemhavebeenkilled.D．Thegovernmenttriestohelpthem.解析：选A　推理判断题。由第三段可知，当地的人们对流浪狗很好，给它们提供食物和住处等。11．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．ThefutureofChileans.B．Howtohelpstreetdogs.C．Whattodowithstreetdogs.D．Theproblemsfacedbystreetdogs.解析：选C　段落大意题。由第五段可知，智利的流浪狗数量大且增长快，由此引发了一些问题。针对如何解决流浪狗这一问题，人们有不同的看法。DHappyInternationalWomen'sDay!It'sSophiaagain.I'mgoingtobespeakingtoyouguystodayabout“pinktax”，otherwiseknownasgendertax.Whatisgendertax?Gendertaxisbasicallytheideathatwomenhavetopaymoreforcertainproductsbecausethey'remarketedatwomenandnotmen.Nowyoumightbethinking,“Howisthispossible？”Youmaythinkifwomenacrossthegloberealisedthattheywerebeingchargedmorethanmen,theywouldbeangryandtheywouldn'tbuytheproducts.Unfortunately,no!Gendertaxhassneaked(溜)intomanyeverydayproductsthatwomenandmenaren'tevenawareof!Wemightbefamiliarwiththeclassicexamplesofwomen'sdeodorants(除臭剂)orrazorscostingmorethanmen's,buthaveyoueverthoughtaboutsomethingassimpleasaplainT­shirtorayoghurt?Sinceherteens,MurielVega,now29,ofAtlanta,hasboughtmen'srazorsandshavingcream.It'spartlyacost­savingstrategypasseddownfromhermother,butshe'salsofoundthatmen'srazorsworkbetterthanwomen's.AreportbytheNewYorkCityDepartmentofConsumerAffairsfoundonaveragethatproductsgeared(适合)towardswomencostmorethansimilarproductsgearedtowardsmen42percentofthetime.Butitdoesn'tjuststopthere.Evenchildrenareaffectedbygendertax.Inthesamereport,theyfoundthatbetweentwosimilarscooters(踏板车)fromthesamecompany—onewastargetedatgirlsandonewastargetedatboys—theonethatwastargetedatgirlscost￡16morethanthatonetargetedatboys.Sogirlsandboys,menandwomen,peopleofallagesareaffectedbypinktaxorgendertax.So,whatcanwetakefromallofthis?Well,Ithinkthattheveryfirstimportantstepistobeawareofgendertax,tobeawareoftheproductswe'rebuyingandtoquestionwhetheroneproductismoreexpensivebecauseit'sforawomanorlessexpensivebecauseit'sforaman.Youcanhelptoraiseawarenessbysharingthisvideowithallyourfamilyandfriends.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了性别税，即针对女性的商品比针对男性的同类商品昂贵。12．WhyisaT­shirtmentionedinParagraph2?A．Toprovegendertaxisavoidable.B．Toshowgendertaxisprettylow.C．Toprovegendertaxisreasonable.D．Toshowgendertaxiseverywhere.解析：选D　推理判断题。第二段中提到了“Gendertaxhassneaked(溜)intomanyeverydayproducts”，下文以T恤和酸奶为例子来说明许多日常用品中都体现了性别税，可以说性别税随处可见。13．Whichmoney­savingmethodisusedbyMurielVega?A．Purchasingless.B．Buyingmen'sproducts.C．Sharingwithhermother.D．Usingeverlastingproducts.解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段开头的“Sinceherteens...hasboughtmen'srazorsandshavingcream.It'spartlyacost­savingstrategy”可知，MurielVega通过购买和使用男性专用的剃刀和剃毛膏来省钱。14．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Whythereisgendertax.B．Howtofightagainstgendertax.C．Gendertaxaffectingalmosteveryone.D．Womenearninglessandpayingmore.解析：选C　段落大意题。第四段主要是说性别税不仅体现在成年人的用品中，而且已经渗透到了婴童用品中。可以说，不同年龄段的所有人都受到性别税的影响。该段最后一句“Sogirlsandboys...gendertax.”很好地总结了这一点。15．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Alessonplan.B．Anadvertisement.C．Abusinessmagazine.D．Awrittentextofaspeech.解析：选D　文章出处题。由文章开头的“HappyInternationalWomen'sDay!It'sSophiaagain.I'mgoingtobespeakingtoyou...”及文章末的“sharingthisvideowithallyourfamilyandfriends”可推断，本文节选自一段演讲的书面文本。Ⅱ.阅读七选五GoodreasonstotakeyourkidstothelibrarytodayRecognizingtherolethelibraryplayedinmybecomingabooklover,Ibroughtmykidstothelibraryassoonastheycouldwalk.Herearefourgoodreasonstotakeyourchildrentothelibrarytoday：Regularlibraryvisitsleadtomorereading.__16__Researchshowsthatwhenkidsarereadto,existinglinksamongbraincellsarestrengthenedandnewcelllinksareformed.Andlet'snotforgethowreadingaloudconnectsus—readerandlistener—inaveryintimate(亲密的)way.Whenwereadaloudtokids,wesendthemthismessage:__17__Whenyouvisitthelibrary,youcanexposeyourchildrentomorebooksandmagazinesthanyoucanaffordtobuy.__18__Butifyou'relikemostofus,you'reonabudgetandyouhavetocaptheirspending.Butatthelibrary,youcanpulloutasmanyasyoucancarry,returnyourbooksassoonasthey'reread,andtakehomeawholenewpile.Yourlocalchildren'slibrariancanrecommendbooksthatyoumaynotknowoforthinktosuggest.Oneofmyyoungreaderswasacar­obsessedlittleboy.__19__Butitwasourchildren'slibrarianwhointroducedhimtoRuthKrauss'sclassicpicturebookBigandLittle.Iwouldneverhaveguessedthathe'dcometolovethispoeticbooksomuch.Owningalibrarycardteacheskidsresponsibility.Ascard­carryinglibrarypatrons,youngkidslearnabouttreatingwithcarethingsthatbelongtoothers.__20__Hefeelsresponsible.Hefeelsmorelikeamemberofhiscommunity.Sogetyourchildalibrarycard.A．Librarytimeisactive,notpassive.B．Andreading,asitturnsout,isbrainfood!C．Youareimportant,andthistimeisforyou.D．Whenakidchecksoutbooksinhisownname,hefeelstrustworthy.E．OurhomelibrarywasfullofbooksaboutvehiclesthatIknewhe'dlike.F．Mostlibrariesofferregularchildren'sprogramsthatmakestoriescometolife.G．Sure,youcantakeyourkidstothechildren'ssectionofanearbybookstore—andyoushould!eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家长为什么应该带孩子去图书馆的几个原因。)16．选B　B项与上文的“morereading”相呼应，且下文关于阅读可以促进大脑发育的研究结果是对B项中的“brainfood”的具体解释。17．选C　C项是对上文的“thismessage”的具体阐释，且与上文的“howreadingaloudconnectsus—readerandlistener—inaveryintimate(亲密的)way”相呼应。18．选G　G项与下文的“Butifyou'relikemostofus,you'reonabudgetandyouhavetocaptheirspending.”是转折关系，符合语境。19．选E　E项中的“booksaboutvehiclesthatIknewhe'dlike”与上文的“acar­obsessedlittleboy”相呼应。20．选D　D项与下文的“Hefeelsresponsible.Hefeelsmorelikeamemberofhiscommunity.”是并列关系，说明让孩子拥有属于自己的图书证会让孩子感觉被信任，有利于培养他的责任感。[读写一体超值训练]读后语基练习——复现考纲词汇，增分书面表达　一、语篇复现词汇——让你用对写美1．Itistoourdisadvantagetokeepsilent(silence)overthematter.2．Itwasevidentthatalltheevidencewecollectedprovedhimtobeguilty.(evident)3．WiththeTeachers'Dayapproaching(approach),we'vedecidedwhichclassroomstodecorate.4．Hewasanxioustoleaveandhecouldnothidehisanxiety.(anxious)5．Ateamofexplorerswillexplorethevalleyandtheexplorationwilllast10days.(explore)6．Expanding(expand)yourknowledgebyreadingmorebooksisawisechoice.7．Justinoneweekheformed(form)thebadhabitofsmokinganddrinking.8．Thedoctorstronglyrecommendedlimiting(limit)theamountoffatinmydiet.9．IfyoumakethisthebaseforyourEgyptholiday,you'rebasically(basic)stayinginanopen­airmuseum!10．Withmanywildanimalsgradually(gradual)dyingout,thepresentsituationdeservesattention/payingattentionto.二、语篇复现短语——让你用活写靓A．英汉互译1．作为……而闻名　　　　be_known_as2．睡着；入睡fall_asleep3．好像as_if4．对……熟悉be_familiar_with5．属于belong_to6．raiseawarenessof提高……的意识7．suchas比如，例如8．sothat以便于9．getlostin迷失在10．morethan多于；非常；不仅仅B．运用上述短语完成句子1．Wewillbemore_thanhappytoreceivematerials,suchasclothes,quiltsandschoolsupplies.2．InChineseculture,bamboois_known_asoneofthe“fourgentlemen”inplants.3．Sometimeshefounditveryhardtofall_asleepatnight,sohewenttoseethedoctor.4．ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyas_ifshehadstudiedEnglishinEngland.5．Becausewegot_lost_intheforest,wehadtoremainwherewewere,waitingforhelp.6．Aftertheforeignguestswere_familiar_withtheChinesetraditionalfestivals,theylikedtoliveinChina.7．Thehousebelongs_tomyaunt,butshedoesn'tlivehereanymore.8．Itiswellworthmakinganefforttoraise_awareness_ofenvironmentalprotectionamongteenagers.9．Oneoftheadvantagesisthatwecanfindavarietyoftopics,such_asscience,cultureandhistory.10．EventhoughIhaveloadsofschoolworktodo,I'llspendsomefreetimehavingsportsso_that_Icankeepfitandenergetic.三、语篇择句仿写——让你译准写高1．Somepeoplebelievethatthesituationisgettingoutofcontrolandthatitisunacceptabletohavesomanydogsonthestreets.[句式分析]　believe后接两个that引导的宾语从句；第二个宾语从句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“tohave...”。[自主翻译]　有些人认为这种形势在失控，他们认为在大街上有这么多的狗是难以接受的。[佳句仿写]　我急需提高我的英语口语，因此对我来说找到一个可以向他学习的当地人真是太好了。IbadlyneedtoimprovemyoralEnglish,soit_is_great_for_me_to_find_a_nativespeaker_to_learn_from.2．AreportbytheNewYorkCityDepartmentofConsumerAffairsfoundonaveragethatproductsgeared(适合)towardswomencostmorethansimilarproductsgearedtowardsmen42percentofthetime.[句式分析]　介词短语bytheNewYorkCityDepartmentofConsumerAffairs在句中作定语，修饰Areport；介词短语onaverage在句中作状语；that引导一个宾语从句；过去分词短语geared(适合)towardswomen作定语，修饰products。[自主翻译]　一份来自纽约市消费者事务部的 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 发现适合女性的产品要比适合男性的类似产品平均多花费42%。[佳句仿写]　作为一名大学生，我确信我拥有这项工作所需要的所有资格。Asacollegestudent,I'msurethatIhavealltherightqualificationsneeded_for_the_job.