Johncrane公司可倾瓦推力轴承

TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS TILTIN G P A D TH R U S T B EA R IN G S All John Crane tilting pad thrust bearings are supplied as a cartridge. For standard thrust bearings, the pads are retained by either special screws or oil nozzles. In the self equalising design the carrier ring is replaced by an integrated cage. The pads are made from steel, with a white metal bearing surface. Other bearing materials are available on request. The geometrical form of the pads is optimised to enable standardisation across the range, resulting in stock rationalisation and shorter lead time benefits for the user. Tilting pad thrust bearings can be designed with different rotational characteristics. These include centre pivoted pads for bidirectional rotation and offset pivoted pads for uni-directional rotation. Centre pivoted pads permit interchangeability while offset pivoted pads have a higher load capacity but have a limited reverse direction rotation capability. Thrust bearings are available in both split and unsplit versions. The flooded and directed lubricated ranges are identified separately. Design CharacteristicsIntroduction Tilting pad thrust bearings are mainly used in medium to high speed/load applications such as turbines, turbocompressors, turbogears and pumps. Similar to tilting pad journal bearings, the thrust bearing pads automatically adjust themselves to any running condition, thereby optimising power loss, oil flow and oil film temperature. The load capacity of these bearings is maximised by using one or more of the following: ■ Directed lubrication instead of flooded lubrication. This reduces power losses and bearing temperatures ■ Offset pivoted pads instead of centre pivoted pads. This significantly reduces the maximum oil film temperature down by 20°C ■ CuCr as a base material for the pads instead of steel. The excellent heat conduction of CuCr significantly reduces the maximum oil film temperature down by 15°C ■ A self equalising facility which ensures equal load distribution over all pads 1 To meet today's stringent quality requirements and associated certification standards, John Crane tilting pad thrust bearings must pass strict control and test procedures. All functional dimensions are measured and analysed with a Computer Aided Quality Assurance System and material certificates are issued for each single production batch. In-house ultrasonic testing ensures a perfect bond between steel and the white metal coating, while crack detection on all in-house manufactured pads is achieved by dye penetration testing. All quality control procedures can be documented on individual certificates and each bearing can be marked in accordance with individual customer requirements. Inspection And Quality Control Instrumentation All John Crane bearings can be supplied with temperature sensors such as Thermocouples or Resistant Temperature Detectors (RTDs). RTDs are available as single or double PT100 types (see page 21). The use of temperature sensors permits permanent control of bearing temperatures. This guarantees higher operational safety. The calculation reflecting pressure development in the hydrodynamic surface is the result of solving the Reynolds Differential Equation on the basis of the following assumptions: ■ The lubricant shows 'Newtonian behavior' with respect to its viscosity ■ The flows in the gap are laminar ■ The lubricant cannot be compressed ■ All generated heat is dissipated by the lubricant Based on the Reynolds flow equation together with a subsequent energy equation a model has been developed that takes account of the blending of freshly added oil and oil leaving the hydrodynamic surfaces. Numeric solutions for the differential equation, reflecting the characteristic values for friction, oil flow, maximum pressure, max temperature, oil film thickness as well as the dynamic characteristics are recorded in tables within our calculation programs. The John Crane Bearing Technology program determines all required operating characteristics of the bearing including: ■ Load capacity ■ Film thickness ■ Power loss ■ Required oil flows and associated temperatures Calculation Of Tilting Pad Bearings TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 2 Customer: Sample customer Department: development Customer-Reference: 516603 Date of enquiry: 26.02.2008 Drawing-No.: catalogue type JCBT-Order: Bearing type : 8_8S DM H97 JCBT-Reference: LB5678x Date of calculation: 26.02.08/11:49 Author: Uwe Klein Inner diameter [mm] 225 Outer diameter [mm] 419 Pad type H 97 Number of pads 8 Offset position of pivot 0.6 Rotating direction one direction Thrust surface [mm^2] 75870 Shape 1 / 1405 Speed of shaft rotation [rpm] 5000 Mean sliding speed [m/s] 84.3 Thrust load [N] 189675 Specific load [MPa] 2.5 Oil type ISO VG 46 Oil supply pressure [bar] 1.5 Kind of lubrication directed Oil supply temperature [deg C] 45 Oil drain temperature [deg C] 64.3 Mean bearing temperature [deg C] 71.5 Mean viscosity [Pas] 0.0115 Max. bearing temperature [deg C] 80.2 Permissible temperature [deg C] 110 Power loss [kW] 88.81 Oil quantity [l/min] 157.78 Min. film thickness [mm] 0.052 Permis. film thickness [mm] 0.018 Oil nozzles at directed lubrication Number x Diameter 24 x 3.6 mm Results for the reverse bearing side Axial clearance [mm] 0.6 Pad number 8 Thrust surface [mm^2] 75870 Power loss [kW] 25.58 Oil quantity [l/min] 157.78 Oil nozzles at directed lubrication Number x Diameter 24 x 3.6 mm Total power loss [kW] 114.39 Total oil quantity [l/min] 315.6 TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 3 Tilting Pad Thrust Bearing Calculation Example TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 4 Thrust Bearing Configuration Table TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 5 Reference Codes For Ordering In order to provide clear identification, the products are coded as follows: Examples of John Crane bearing reference codes 1. Reference code _K_T S6 50/110x52.2 Tilting pad journal bearing with five journal pads, split design for both directions of rotation, Series 6 catalogue type with L/D = 0.6, bearing bore diameter Ø50 mm, max. external diameter Ø110 mm, max. bearing width 52.2 mm. 2. Reference code 8_8T KD 103/215.85x36.56 (or 8_8T KD H44) Double tilting pad thrust bearing, Series 8 catalogue type with 8 thrust pads, split design for both directions of rotation, directed lubrication with spacer and shims, inner diameter Ø103 mm, outer diameter Ø215.85 mm, bearing width 36.56 mm (including spacers and shims), thrust pad size H44. 3. Reference code 8__R DM 148/301.63x61 (or 8__R DM H61) Self equalising single tilting pad thrust bearing, Series 8 catalogue type, unsplit design for one direction of rotation, self equalising with directed lubrication, inner diameter Ø148 mm, outer diameter Ø301.63 mm, bearing width 61 mm, thrust pad size H61, spacer optional. 4. Reference code 8M8T SL 70/150x69 Combined bearing with 4-lobe journal bearing and double tilting pad thrust bearing, split design for both directions of rotation, none catalogue type, inner diameter Ø70 mm, outer diameter Ø150 mm, bearing width 69 mm. 5. Reference code _H_S SD 300/410x310 Offset-Half journal bearing, split design for one direction of rotation, catalogue type, inner diameter Ø300 mm, outer diameter 410 mm, bearing width Ø310 mm. The individual parts of the reference codes are explained in more detail below. Thrust parts _ = No thrust part 3 = 3 Thrust tilting pad 4 = 4 Thrust tilting pad 5 = 5 Thrust tilting pad 6 = 6 Thrust tilting pad 7 = 7 Thrust tilting pad 8 = 8 Thrust tilting pad A = 10 Thrust tilting pad B = 11 Thrust tilting pad C = 12 Thrust tilting pad D = 14 Thrust tilting pad E = 16 Thrust tilting pad F = 18 Thrust tilting pad M = Taper land thrust N = Stop collar Journal part _ = No journal part 3 = 3 Journal tilting pad 4 = 4 Journal tilting pad D = 3 Hydrodynamic surfaces H = 2 Hydrodynamic surfaces (offset half) K = 5 Journal tilting pad L = 2 Hydrodynamic surfaces (lemon-bore) M = 4 Hydrodynamic surfaces Y = ZYBLO bearing Z = Cylindrical bearings Shape/direction of rotation A = Unsplit, spherical seating, rotation in both directions B = Unsplit, rotation in both directions C = Unsplit, spherical seating, right-hand rotation D = Split, spherical seating, rotation in both directions E = Split, spherical seating, left-hand rotation F = Split, spherical seating, right-hand rotation K = Unsplit, spherical seating, left-hand rotation L = Unsplit, left-hand rotation R = Unsplit, right-hand rotation S = Split, right-hand rotation T = Split, rotation in both directions U = Split, left-hand rotation Series/product line These parameters are assigned to specific product lines. In some of the scale drawings in the catalogues, the appropriate product type parameters have already been assigned. Thrust part Journal part Thrust part Shape/direction of rotation Series Bearing bore ø Max. outer ø Max. width 8_8T KD 103/215.85x36.56 All other dimensions available on request Definition of type KA with spacer KB with spacer and shims (shim thickness: 1+0.2 mm; 2+0.15 mm) KE without spacer Definition of direction carrier ring split carrier ring unsplit S clockwise R T bidirectional B U anti clockwise L Order example 6 _ _ T KE H34 Pad size Type Direction of rotation d1 d2 d3 l1 l4 25.49 60.08 71.41 15.89 3.20 29.88 70.58 82.51 17.47 3.20 36.19 84.43 98.39 19.06 3.20 39.03 91.94 107.91 20.65 4.80 42.94 99.93 115.85 22.24 4.80 47.33 110.42 126.96 23.82 4.80 50.98 120.17 139.66 25.41 4.80 55.37 130.66 147.60 27.00 4.80 60.50 141.90 165.06 28.59 4.80 65.36 154.90 179.35 31.76 4.80 71.71 169.39 193.63 34.94 6.40 78.79 184.62 209.50 38.11 6.40 85.05 202.56 228.55 41.29 6.40 92.66 219.83 247.60 44.46 6.40 101.22 239.59 266.64 47.64 6.40 110.74 261.32 292.04 50.81 6.40 120.73 285.56 317.44 57.16 6.40 128.99 310.06 342.84 60.34 6.40 140.94 338.29 371.42 66.70 9.50 TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 6 Flooded Lubrication, Series 6, Carrier Ring Split Or Unsplit Ød 6 Standard KA, KB and KE Materials Carrier ring: C 15 Tilting pads: C 15 Bearing metal: Tegostar 738 Size H12 H14 H17 H20 H23 H26 H28 H31 H34 H37 H40 H44 H48 H52 H57 H61 H68 H74 H81 H89 H97 l1 l2 l3x45° l4 l5 l5 Ød 3 H7 Ød 2 Ød m Ød 1 Ød 4 Ød 5 Ra di us S 1 l6 l7 Ød 6 S2Ød w l5 S3 TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 7 Directed Lubrication, Series 6, Carrier Ring Split Or Unsplit All other dimensions available on request Definition of type KC with spacer KD with spacer and shims (shim thickness: 1+0.2 mm; 2+0.15 mm) KF without spacer Definition of direction carrier ring split carrier ring unsplit S clockwise R T bidirectional B U anti clockwise L Order example 6 _ _ S KF H52 Pad size Type Direction of rotation Standard KC, KD and KF Materials Carrier ring: C 15 Tilting pads: C 15 Bearing metal: Tegostar 738 Total Thrust Surface Size Total Thrust Surface (mm2) H12 870 H14 1188 H17 1752 H20 2418 H23 3486 H26 4092 H28 4758 H31 5826 H34 6996 H37 8292 H40 9690 H44 11610 H48 13944 H52 16386 H57 19866 H61 23670 H68 27984 H74 33156 H81 39726 H89 47904 H97 56904 d1 d2 d3 l1 l4 L7 25.49 60.08 71.41 18.09 3.20 15.89 29.88 70.58 82.51 19.67 3.20 17.47 36.19 84.43 98.39 21.26 3.20 19.06 39.03 91.94 107.91 23.95 4.80 20.65 42.94 99.93 115.85 25.54 4.80 22.24 47.33 110.42 126.96 27.12 4.80 23.82 40.98 120.17 139.66 28.71 4.80 25.41 55.37 130.66 147.60 30.30 4.80 27.00 60.50 141.90 165.06 31.89 4.80 28.59 65.36 154.90 179.35 35.06 4.80 31.76 71.71 169.39 193.63 38.94 6.40 34.94 78.79 184.62 209.50 42.11 6.40 38.11 85.05 202.56 228.55 45.29 6.40 41.29 92.66 219.83 247.60 48.46 6.40 44.46 101.22 239.59 266.64 51.64 6.40 47.64 110.74 261.32 292.04 54.81 6.40 50.81 120.73 285.56 317.44 61.16 6.40 57.16 128.99 310.06 342.84 64.34 6.40 60.34 140.94 338.29 371.42 73.70 9.50 66.70 Size H12 H14 H17 H20 H23 H26 H28 H31 H34 H37 H40 H44 H48 H52 H57 H61 H68 H74 H81 H89 H97 l1 l2 l3 l6 l5 Ød w Ød 3H 7 Ød 2 Ød 1 Ød m Ød 4 Ød 5 Ra di us S 1 Ød 6 l7 l8 l4 TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 8 All other dimensions available on request Definition of type KA with spacer KB with spacer and shims (shim thickness: 1+0.2 mm; 2+0.15 mm) KE without spacer Definition of direction carrier ring split carrier ring unsplit S clockwise R T bidirectional B U anti clockwise L Order example 8 _ _ U KE H37 Pad size Type Direction of rotation d1 d2 d3 l1 l4 28.5 52.5 12.71 3.2 33.5 62.0 73.00 14.30 3.2 39.5 74.5 85.69 15.89 3.2 47.5 87.5 101.56 17.47 3.2 55.5 105.0 120.61 19.06 3.2 62.5 114.0 130.14 20.65 4.8 66.5 124.0 139.66 22.24 4.8 73.0 137.0 152.36 23.82 4.8 79.5 149.0 168.24 25.41 4.8 87.5 162.0 180.91 27.00 4.8 93.5 176.0 196.80 28.59 4.8 103.0 192.0 215.85 31.76 4.8 113.0 210.0 234.90 34.94 6.4 122.0 229.0 253.94 38.11 6.4 135.0 251.0 279.34 41.29 6.4 148.0 273.0 301.57 44.46 6.4 159.0 297.0 323.79 47.64 6.4 175.0 324.0 355.54 50.81 9.5 191.0 354.0 384.12 57.16 9.5 204.0 384.0 415.86 60.34 9.5 223.0 419.0 453.96 66.70 9.5 Flooded Lubrication, Series 8, Carrier Ring Split Or Unsplit Ød 6 Standard KA, KB and KE Materials Carrier ring: C 15 Tilting pads: C 15 Bearing metal: Tegostar 738 Size H12 H14 H17 H20 H23 H26 H28 H31 H34 H37 H40 H44 H48 H52 H57 H61 H68 H74 H81 H89 H97 l1 l2 l3x45° l4 l5 l5 Ød 3 H7 Ød 2 Ød m Ød 1 Ød 4 Ød 5 Ra di us S 1 l6 Ød 6 l5 l7 S2Ød w S3 TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 9 Directed Lubrication, Series 8, Carrier Ring Split Or Unsplit All other dimensions available on request Definition of type KC with spacer KD with spacer and shims (shim thickness: 1+0.2 mm; 2+0.15 mm) KF without spacer Definition of direction carrier ring split carrier ring unsplit S clockwise R T bidirectional B U anti clockwise L Order example 8 _ _ T KC H68 Pad size Type Direction of rotation Standard KC, KD and KF Materials Carrier ring: C 15 Tilting pads: C 15 Bearing metal: Tegostar 738 Total Thrust Surface Size Total Thrust Surface (mm2) H12 1160 H14 1584 H17 2336 H20 3224 H23 4624 H26 5456 H28 6344 H31 7768 H34 9328 H37 11056 H40 12920 H44 15624 H48 18592 H52 21848 H57 26488 H61 31560 H68 37312 H74 44208 H81 52968 H89 63872 H97 75872 d1 d2 d3 l1 l4 L7 28.5 52.5 3.2 12.71 33.5 62.0 73.00 16.50 3.2 14.30 39.5 74.5 85.69 18.09 3.2 15.89 47.5 87.5 101.56 19.67 3.2 17.47 55.5 105.0 120.61 21.26 3.2 19.06 62.5 114.0 130.14 23.95 4.8 20.65 66.5 124.0 139.66 25.54 4.8 22.24 73.0 137.0 152.36 27.12 4.8 23.82 79.5 149.0 168.24 28.71 4.8 25.41 87.5 162.0 180.91 30.30 4.8 27.00 93.5 176.0 196.80 31.89 4.8 28.56 103.0 192.0 215.85 35.06 4.8 31.76 113.0 210.0 234.90 38.94 6.4 34.94 122.0 229.0 253.94 42.11 6.4 38.11 135.0 251.0 279.34 45.29 6.4 41.29 148.0 273.0 301.57 48.46 6.4 44.46 159.0 297.0 323.79 51.64 6.4 47.64 175.0 324.0 355.54 57.81 9.5 50.81 191.0 354.0 384.12 64.16 9.5 57.16 204.0 384.0 415.86 67.35 9.5 60.34 223.0 419.0 453.96 73.70 9.5 66.70 Size H12 H14 H17 H20 H23 H26 H28 H31 H34 H37 H40 H44 H48 H52 H57 H61 H68 H74 H81 H89 H97 l1 l2 l3 l6 l5 Ød w Ød 3H 7 Ød 2 Ød 1 Ød m Ød 4 Ød 5 Ra di us S 1 Ød 6 l7 l8 l4 TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 10 All other dimensions available on request Definition of type KA with spacer KB with spacer and shims (shim thickness: 1+0.2 mm; 2+0.15 mm) KE without spacer Definition of direction carrier ring split carrier ring unsplit S clockwise R T bidirectional B U anti clockwise L Order example B _ _ U KE H23 Pad size Type Direction of rotation d1 d2 d3 l1 l4 43.87 67.87 12.71 3.20 52.21 80.21 92.40 14.30 3.20 62.31 96.31 111.09 15.89 3.20 73.11 113.11 130.14 17.47 3.20 88.71 136.11 152.36 20.65 4.80 95.39 147.39 168.24 22.24 4.80 104.43 160.43 180.93 23.82 4.80 115.22 177.22 196.80 25.41 4.80 124.63 192.63 212.68 27.00 4.80 135.43 209.43 234.90 28.59 6.40 147.60 227.60 253.94 30.17 6.40 160.15 248.15 279.34 31.76 6.40 175.47 271.47 301.57 34.94 6.40 192.16 296.16 323.79 38.11 6.40 208.82 324.32 355.54 41.29 9.50 228.44 353.44 384.12 44.46 9.50 247.89 383.89 415.86 47.64 9.50 270.86 418.86 453.96 50.81 9.50 295.58 457.58 495.23 57.16 9.50 317.93 495.93 539.67 60.34 9.50 347.17 541.17 584.12 66.70 9.50 Flooded Lubrication, Series 11, Carrier Ring Split Or Unsplit Ød 6 Standard KA, KB and KE Materials Carrier ring: C 15 Tilting pads: C 15 Bearing metal: Tegostar 738 Size H12 H14 H17 H20 H23 H26 H28 H31 H34 H37 H40 H44 H48 H52 H57 H61 H68 H74 H81 H89 H97 l1 l2 l3x45° l4 l5 l5 Ød 3 H7 Ød 2 Ød m Ød 1 Ød 4 Ød 5 Ra di us S 1 l6 Ød 6 l5 l7 S2Ød w S3 TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 11 Directed Lubrication, Series 11, Carrier Ring Split Or Unsplit All other dimensions available on request Definition of type KC with spacer KD with spacer and shims (shim thickness: 1+0.2 mm; 2+0.15 mm) KF without spacer Definition of direction carrier ring split carrier ring unsplit S clockwise R T bidirectional B U anti clockwise L Order example B _ _ U KF H17 Pad size Type Direction of rotation Standard KC, KD and KF Materials Carrier ring: C 15 Tilting pads: C 15 Bearing metal: Tegostar 738 Total Thrust Surface Size Total Thrust Surface (mm2) H12 1595 H14 2178 H17 3212 H20 4433 H23 6358 H26 7502 H28 8723 H31 10681 H34 12826 H37 15202 H40 17765 H44 21483 H48 25564 H52 30041 H57 36421 H61 43395 H68 51304 H74 60786 H81 72831 H89 87824 H97 104324 d1 d2 d3 l1 l4 L7 43.87 67.87 3.20 12.71 52.21 80.21 92.40 16.50 3.20 14.30 62.31 96.31 111.09 18.09 3.20 15.89 73.11 113.11 130.14 19.67 3.20 17.47 88.71 136.11 152.36 23.95 4.80 20.65 95.39 147.39 168.24 25.54 4.80 22.24 104.43 160.43 180.93 27.12 4.80 23.82 115.22 177.22 196.80 28.71 4.80 25.41 124.63 192.63 212.68 30.30 4.80 27.00 135.43 209.43 234.90 32.59 6.40 28.59 147.60 227.60 253.94 34.17 6.40 30.17 160.15 248.15 279.34 35.76 6.40 31.17 175.47 271.47 301.57 38.94 6.40 34.94 192.16 296.16 323.79 42.11 6.40 38.11 208.82 324.32 355.54 48.29 9.50 41.29 228.44 353.44 384.12 51.46 9.50 44.46 247.89 383.89 415.86 54.64 9.50 47.64 270.86 418.86 453.96 57.81 9.50 50.81 295.58 457.58 495.23 64.16 9.50 57.16 317.93 495.93 539.67 67.35 9.50 60.34 347.17 541.17 584.12 73.70 9.50 66.70 Size H12 H14 H17 H20 H23 H26 H28 H31 H34 H37 H40 H44 H48 H52 H57 H61 H68 H74 H81 H89 H97 l1 l2 l3 l6 l5 Ød w Ød 3H 7 Ød 2 Ød 1 Ød m Ød 4 Ød 5 Ra di us S 1 Ød 6 l7 l8 l4 TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 12 All other dimensions available on request Definition of type KA with spacer KB with spacer and shims (shim thickness: 1+0.2 mm; 2+0.15 mm) KE without spacer Definition of direction carrier ring split carrier ring unsplit S clockwise R T bidirectional B U anti clockwise L Order example D _ _ T KB H37 Pad size Type Direction of rotation d1 d2 d3 l1 l4 58.99 82.99 12.71 3.20 70.13 98.13 111.90 14.30 3.20 83.78 117.78 130.14 15.89 3.20 98.31 138.31 152.36 19.06 4.80 119.33 166.73 184.10 20.65 4.80 128.24 180.24 199.98 22.24 4.80 140.27 196.27 219.03 23.82 4.80 154.79 216.79 238.08 25.41 4.80 167.57 235.57 260.29 27.00 6.40 182.09 256.09 282.52 28.59 6.40 198.38 278.38 307.92 31.76 6.40 215.41 303.41 322.32 34.94 6.40 235.95 331.95 361.89 38.11 6.40 258.24 362.24 393.64 41.29 9.50 280.97 396.47 425.38 44.46 9.50 307.59 432.59 463.48 47.64 9.50 333.39 469.39 501.57 50.81 9.50 364.19 512.19 546.02 53.99 9.50 397.51 559.51 596.82 60.35 9.50 428.07 606.07 647.62 66.70 9.50 Flooded Lubrication, Series 14, Carrier Ring Split Or Unsplit Ød 6 Standard KA, KB and KE Materials Carrier ring: C 15 Tilting pads: C 15 Bearing metal: Tegostar 738 Size H12 H14 H17 H20 H23 H26 H28 H31 H34 H37 H40 H44 H48 H52 H57 H61 H68 H74 H81 H89 H97 l1 l2 l3x45° l4 l5 l5 Ød 3 H7 Ød 2 Ød m Ød 1 Ød 4 Ød 5 Ra di us S 1 l6 Ød 6 l5 l7 S2Ød w S3 TILTING PAD THRUST BEARINGS 13 Directed Lubrication, Series 14, Carrier Ring Split Or Unsplit All other dimensions available on request Definition of type KC with spacer KD with spacer and shims (shim thickness: 1+0.2 mm; 2+0.15 mm) KF without spacer Defini